2022届湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学高三下学期二模考试英语试题含答案

这是一份2022届湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学高三下学期二模考试英语试题含答案，共26页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，开放性作文，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学高三下学期二模考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
The Brooklyn Museum has accumulated one of the largest and most diverse collections in the United States. Its holdings range from the ancient to the contemporary and include almost all the world’s main cultures, reflecting the long history of art.
The Museum is committed to making its collections accessible to the widest possible audience, and this site is an important part of that process. We intend to continue to expand the number of works of art. We are making every effort to ensure that the information provided about our collection is accurate and up-to-date.
Museum Hours
Monday–Tuesday: Closed
Wednesday-Sunday: 11 am-6 pm
Masks are required.
Suggested Admission
Adults: $ 16
Students 13+: $ 10 (with I.D.)
Age 12 and under: Free
All tickets to the Museum are for timed entry in 15 minutes. We strongly recommend purchasing tickets in advance. A limited number of tickets are reserved for same-day purchase at the Museum each day.
Collection
You'll find a wealth of information about many of the objects in our rich holdings. We hope these pages will inspire you to explore further — both here and in our galleries.
For a variety of reasons, including conservation concerns and the lending of works to other institutions, not all the objects illustrated here are on view at any one time. You can find the location of specific objects by accessing their individual records.
1. How much should a father with a 12-year-old daughter pay?
A. $ 10. B. $ 16. C. $ 20. D. $ 26.
2. What is a must for one to visit the museum?
A. Wearing a mask. B. Bringing an I.D.
C. Purchasing tickets in advance. D. Having tickets reserved.
3. What is a possible reason if an object is not shown in the museum?
A. Poor conservation. B. Being illustrated online.
C. Being lent out. D. Lack of individual records.
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国的布鲁克林博物馆的特色，以及开放时间、门票费用、注意事项，也提醒参观者：由于各种原因，部分展品可能不在展区。
1. 细节理解题。根据收费标准（Suggested Admission）部分“Adults: $ 16 (成年人$16)”以及“Age 12 and under: Free (12岁及以下免费)”可知，一个父亲带上一个12岁的女儿，门票费为$16。故选B项。
2. 细节理解题。根据Museum Hours部分“Masks are required. (参观者必须佩戴口罩)”，参观博物馆的人必须戴口罩，故选A项。
3. 细节理解题。根据Collection部分第二段“For a variety of reasons, including conservation concerns and the lending of works to other institutions, not all the objects illustrated here are on view at any one time.(出于各种各样的原因，包括保护和向其他机构出借作品，并不是这里展示的所有物品都在同一时间展出)”可知，出于对展品的保护或者由于外借的原因，有些展品可能不在展出范围内。故选C项。
“Can you imagine?” Diébédo Francis Kéré said to NPR, “I was born in Burkina Faso, a little village where there was no school. And my father wanted me to learn how to read and write very simply because then I could translate or read him his letters.”
The first Black winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field’s most famous prize. Many architects had openly supposed that 2022 would be Sir David Adjaye’s year, who is best known for designing notable buildings as the Nobel Peace Center in Norway. Kéré, who is based in Berlin but centers much of his practice in Africa, has been — until now — far lesser known, with buildings that include primary schools and a healthcare clinic.
When he was twenty, in 1985, Kéré earned a scholarship to study carpentry in Berlin. But he also attended night school and was admitted to Technische Universität Berlin, from which he graduated in 2004 with an advanced degree in architecture. He was still a student when he designed and built the innovative Gando Primary School.
Kéré’s architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region with temperatures over 100 F. “It’s very hot inside. And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was abundant. I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better.”
In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning. He wanted the buildings to evoke the sense of an oasis (绿洲), a place for many children, to be happy and learn how to read and write.
4. Why did the Pritzker Architecture Prize of 2022 come out as a surprise?
A. Because it is the most famous prize.
B. Because the winner only designs schools.
C. Because Kéré wasn’t first selected as a candidate.
D. Because another competitor was more famous.
5. What inspired Kéré’s architecture work?
A. His academic training in Berlin. B. Hardship in his early childhood.
C. An architectural contest. D. His experience traveling abroad.
6. Which of the following best describes Kéré as an architect?
A. Creative and universal. B. Determined and ambitious.
C. Caring and practical. D. Devoted and productive.
7. What can be inferred about the schools designed by Kéré?
A. They only use traditional materials. B. They are well-lit and cool.
C. They need no air-conditioning. D. They are built on oases.
【答案】4．D
5．B
6．C
7．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了Diébédo Francis Kéré在2022年成为第一位获得普利兹克建筑奖的黑人，童年时艰苦的学校条件激励他未来要为孩子们创造良好的学习环境。
4. 细节理解题。根据第二段“The first Black winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field’s most famous prize. Many architects had openly supposed that 2022 would be Sir David Adjaye’s year, who is best known for designing notable buildings as the Nobel Peace Center in Norway. Kéré, who is based in Berlin but centers much of his practice in Africa, has been — until now — far lesser known, with buildings that include primary schools and a healthcare clinic. (第一位获得普利兹克建筑奖的黑人和其他人一样，对被选为该领域最著名的奖项感到惊讶。许多建筑师曾公开认为，2022年将是大卫·阿贾耶爵士的年度，他最出名的是设计了挪威的诺贝尔和平中心等著名建筑。Kéré，住在柏林，但他的大部分业务都在非洲，一直是——直到现在——很少为人所知，他的建筑包括一些小学和一个医疗诊所。)”可知，业内人士对于Sir David Adjaye这位建筑家获奖呼声颇高，相比之下本文主人公的主要作品都在非洲且名气不大，故选D项。
5. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Kéré’s architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region with temperatures over 100 F.‘It’s very hot inside. And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was abundant. I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better.’ (Kéré的建筑实践灵感来自于他自己在温度超过100华氏度的地区与大约100名其他孩子一起上学的经历。‘里面很热。没有光，而外面阳光充足。我想，总有一天我会做得更好。我在想空间，空间，想着怎样才能感觉好点’)”可知，Kéré童年时经历的艰苦的学校条件激励他未来要为孩子们创造良好的学习环境。故选B项。
6. 推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句“I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better. (我想，总有一天我会做得更好。我在想余地，空间，想着怎样才能感觉好点’)”，以及第五段“In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning. He wanted the buildings to evoke the sense of an oasis (绿洲), a place for many children, to be happy and learn how to read and write. (在他的Gando小学和Naaba Belem Goumma中学的设计中，Kéré借鉴了传统建筑材料，如当地粘土与混凝土混合，并强调阴影，使空间足够明亮，让空气进入，从而减少对空调的需求。他希望这些建筑能唤起一种绿洲的感觉，为许多孩子提供一个快乐、学习读写的地方。)”可知，Kéré设计的初衷是关心关爱孩子们的学习环境，在设计中，他非常注重因地制宜，使建筑更有实用性，可以看出Kéré关心他人且很务实。故选C项。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning. (在他的Gando小学和Naaba Belem Goumma中学的设计中，Kéré借鉴了传统建筑材料，如当地粘土与混凝土混合，并强调阴影，使空间足够明亮，让空气进入，从而减少对空调的需求。)”可知，Kéré 设计的学校，采光和通风都良好，故选B项。
Time to load up some popular games: new research indicates pigs possess the mental capability to play video games. The study, published in Frontiers in Psychology, tested the ability of four pigs (Hamlet, Omelette, Ebony and Ivory) to play a simple joystick game with their noses, moving a cursor (光标) to four targets on the screen. Although the animals didn’t demonstrate the skills to win a round any time, they did show an understanding of some elementary games. Performing well above chance, the pigs appeared to recognize the movement of the cursor was controlled by the joystick. The fact that they did so well despite a lack of flexible fingers is “extraordinary”, according to the researchers.
“It is no small achievement for an animal to grasp the concept that the behaviour they are performing is having an effect elsewhere. That pigs can do this to any degree should give us pause as to what else they are capable of learning and how such learning may impact them,” said Purdue University’s Dr Candace Croney, the study’s lead author.
Researchers also noted that while the pigs could be taught to play the game using food as positive motivation, they also responded well to social interaction. In fact, when the game was made more challenging and the pigs became unwilling to participate in it, “only oral encouragement by the experimenter” would see training continue.
These findings are the latest to highlight the intelligence of pigs. Not only have they been shown to use mirrors to find hidden food, but studies have also demonstrated how pigs can be taught to “come” and “sit” after oral commands.
As with any sentient (有感觉力的) beings, how we interact with pigs and what we do to them impacts and matters to them. We therefore have a moral duty to understand how pigs acquire information, and what they are capable of learning and remembering, because it ultimately offers the potential for how they understand their interactions with us and their environments.
8. What can be learned from Paragraph 1?
A. The pigs sometimes won the video games.
B. The pigs operated joysticks with their noses.
C. The pigs competed with each other in the games.
D. The pigs sometimes performed well accidentally.
9. What does the underlined phrase “give us pause” refer to?
A. Stop us from advancing. B. Affect us in learning.
C. Make us think seriously. D. Force us to train pigs better.
10. What made researchers believe pigs socially interacted well?
A. Their being inspired by human words.
B. Their being driven by food.
C. Their being willing to keep trying.
D. Their being motivated by challenges.
11. Which of the following could be the best title?
A. Smart pigs: good players B. Flexible noses: fun games
C. Oral commands: pig learners D. Pig players: learning potential
【答案】8．B
9．C
10．A
11．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文为一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，猪可以通过自己的鼻子来使用操纵杆完成一些游戏，并且能够意识到光标是跟随自己移动操纵杆而移动，这个研究是一个巨大的突破，让我们更有可能了解猪是如何与我们和环境互动的。
8. 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The study, published in Frontiers in Psychology, tested the ability of four pigs (Hamlet, Omelette, Ebony and Ivory) to play a simple joystick game with their noses, moving a cursor (光标) to four targets on the screen. (这项发表在《心理学前沿》上的研究测试了四只猪（哈姆雷特、蛋卷、乌木和象牙）的游戏能力，用鼻子玩一个简单的操纵杆游戏，将光标移动到屏幕上的四个目标上)”可知，这四只猪用鼻子来控制操纵杆。故选B项。
9. 词句猜测题。根据第二段“It is no small achievement for an animal to grasp the concept that the behaviour they are performing is having an effect elsewhere. That pigs can do this to any degree should give us pause as to what else they are capable of learning and how such learning may impact them,(对于动物来说，能理解它们正在实施的一个行为可以在别处带来效果的理念并不是小成就。这些猪有可能在任何程度上做到这一点，这就需要give us pause，关于它们还可以进行其他哪些方面的学习？那样的学习会对它们产生什么样的影响？)”可知，当我们发现这些动物竟然能理解他们的行为会在别处带来效果，我们就要思考更多的问题：他们还能学什么，学会了以后，他们会怎样？划线词give us pause，字面意思“让我们暂停”，此处结合上下文，表示“让我们暂停以思考一些问题”，故选C项。
10. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchers also noted that while the pigs could be taught to play the game using food as positive motivation, they also responded well to social interaction. In fact, when the game was made more challenging and the pigs became unwilling to participate in it, ‘only oral encouragement by the experimenter’ would see training continue. (研究人员还指出，虽然可以用食物作为积极的动机来教猪玩游戏，但它们在社交互动中也反应良好。事实上，当游戏变得更具挑战性，猪变得不愿意参与时，‘只有实验者的口头鼓励’才能让训练继续下去。)”可知，这些猪对社交互动有回应，在游戏增加难度时，这些猪不愿继续游戏时，“只有实验者口头上的鼓励”可以使训练继续进行，故选A项。
11. 主旨大意题。纵观全文，尤其是第一段的第一句“Time to load up some popular games: new research indicates pigs possess the mental capability to play video games. (是时候去玩一些流行的游戏了：新的研究表明猪拥有玩电子游戏的心理能力)”；倒数第二段“These findings are the latest to highlight the intelligence of pigs. Not only have they been shown to use mirrors to find hidden food,but studies have also demonstrated how pigs can be taught to ‘come’ and ‘sit’ after oral commands.(这些发现是强调猪的智力的最新发现。研究不仅展示了它们使用镜子来寻找隐藏的食物，而且还展示了如何教会猪在听到口头指令后‘过来’和‘坐下’。)”，以及最后一段最后一句“We therefore have a moral duty to understand how pigs acquire information, and what they are capable of learning and remembering, because it ultimately offers the potential for how they understand their interactions with us and their environments. (因此，我们有道德责任去了解猪是如何获取信息的，以及它们有能力学习和记忆什么，因为这最终为它们如何理解与我们和环境的互动提供了可能)”可知，作者阐述会打电子游戏的猪，反映了动物们猪是可以接受人类对它们更好的训练并有所互动的，它们有着学习潜能，所以D项“Pig players: learning potential(做游戏的猪：有学习潜能)”适合做文章的标题。故选D项。
Video conferencing has been around for more than 20 years. Until the COVID-19 pandemic, though, you would find that many people needing to attend a meeting remotely would be calling from a real conference room full of their teammates. Today, we’re routinely holding video conferences that are 100% virtual. And this is creating a problem that technology can’t fix.
The problem is us, specifically the fact that we haven’t evolved socially to the point where we can bear much separation. So much of our well-being and work productivity is decided on how close we are physically. The removal of that for any period of time can be severely damaging. One surprising victim of social distancing is laughter.
Normally people laugh about 18 times per day. And 97% of that time we’re laughing with others — we are 30 times more likely to laugh with others than to laugh alone. Think about it: how often when you and your friends laugh at something that is actually funny? Research shows that 80% of what people laugh at is really not that funny.
So why do people laugh? They laugh in order to laugh with others. Just as everyone starts yawning when just one person yawns, most people can’t help but laugh when those around them do. This is why TV comedy shows often use prerecorded laugh tracks.
Laughing in response to other people’s laughing is not just a behavioral phenomenon. When we laugh, our body produces two key chemicals: endorphin which helps relieve pain and sets off feelings of pleasure, and dopamine which can improve learning, motivation and attention. In fact, studies show that people can stand 15% more pain simply by laughing for a few minutes beforehand. Laughter is also associated with higher motivation and productivity at work.
In today’s home-alone, virtual-team world, this is exactly what you as a team leader should be doing: for your team members to stay healthy and productive, you need to get them to laugh more and stress less.
12. What is the problem mentioned in the first two paragraphs?
A. A distant relationship. B. Unexpected social evolution.
C. Decreased laughter. D. Removed social distance.
13. What can be inferred from the article?
A. Laughing alone is normal. B. Laughing is for fun.
C. Laughing starts with yawning. D. Laughing comes more in groups.
14. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. The motivation behind laughter. B. The chemicals regarding laughter.
C. The mechanism of laughter. D. The significance of laughter.
15. What would the author most probably discuss next?
A. How to boost laughter. B. How to better a team.
C. How to reduce stress. D. How to increase productivity.
【答案】12．C
13．D
14．D
15．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了笑的重要性。
12. 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Today, we’re routinely holding video conferences that are 100% virtual. And this is creating a problem that technology can’t fix.(今天，我们经常举行100%虚拟的视频会议。这就产生了一个技术无法解决的问题)”和第二段的“The problem is us, specifically the fact that we haven’t evolved socially to the point where we can bear much separation.(问题出在我们自己身上，尤其是我们的社交能力还没有进化到可以承受分离的程度)”和“One surprising victim of social distancing is laughter.(社交距离的一个令人惊讶的受害者是笑声)”可知，前两段提到的问题是笑声减少了。故选C。
13. 推理判断题。根据第四段的“Just as everyone starts yawning when just one person yawns, most people can’t help but laugh when those around them do.(就像当只有一个人打哈欠时，每个人都会打哈欠一样，当周围的人笑时，大多数人都会忍不住笑)”可推断，成群的人笑得更多。故选D。
14. 主旨大意题。根据第五段的“When we laugh, our body produces two key chemicals: endorphin which helps relieve pain and sets off feelings of pleasure, and dopamine which can improve learning, motivation and attention. In fact, studies show that people can stand 15% more pain simply by laughing for a few minutes beforehand. Laughter is also associated with higher motivation and productivity at work.(当我们笑的时候，我们的身体会产生两种关键的化学物质：内啡肽，它可以帮助缓解疼痛并引发愉悦感，还有多巴胺，它可以提高学习能力、动力和注意力。事实上，研究表明，仅仅提前几分钟笑一下，人们就能多忍受15%)”可知，本段主要介绍是笑声的重要性。故选D。
15. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“In today’s home-alone, virtual-team world, this is exactly what you as a team leader should be doing: for your team members to stay healthy and productive, you need to get them to laugh more and stress less.(在今天这个独自在家、虚拟团队的世界里，这正是你作为一个团队领导者应该做的：为了让你的团队成员保持健康和高效，你需要让他们多笑，少压力)”可推断，作者接下来最有可能讨论如何增加笑。故选A。
二、七选五
Exercise is good for physical and mental health, but with coronavirus cases surging across the country, exercising indoors with other people could increase your chance of infection. So, as gyms reopen across the country, here are some things to consider before heading for your workout.
Assess your own risk
It starts with you. You have to make your own assessment of how risky it is based on knowing your medical situation and whether you are someone who’s at high risk of infection. People aged 65 and over are at higher risk of getting a severe case of COVID-19. ____16____, it may not be worth the risk.
Consider alternatives for working out
Exercise outdoors is a great low-risk alternative. When you are outside, it’s easier to control how close you get to other people. ____17____. Outdoors you have sunlight which has been shown to quickly inactivate the virus. And outside airflow and humidity (湿度) help weaken it.
Assess your gym’s safety measures
There are things gyms can do to help decrease the risk of infection. ____18____. Are they taking your temperature? Are you seeing them regularly clean equipment? And are staff and other clients in the gym wearing a mask?
Pay attention to air flow
Your best bet is going to be a gym that is larger, able to have windows open or have multiple floors or levels to allow for physical distancing. That’s because more space and more air flow decrease the concentration of the virus in the air and likely reduce the risk of transmission. ____19____.
Location, location, location
____20____. Exercising indoors in hot spots where cases are surging is riskier than in areas with low infection rates, says Bruno Murtha. So check out this color coded tracker to look up the COVID-19 risk in your county, and nearby counties.
A. If you fall in a high risky category
B. Make a checklist before you go
C. If you don’t meet the age requirement
D. Your geographic site should be considered
E. Avoid small gyms and those with little things
F. Working outside brings you all-round benefits
G. And the risk of transmission is lower outside than inside
【答案】16．A
17．G
18．B
19．E
20．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是在冠状病毒病例在全国各地激增的情况下去健身房锻炼之前要考虑的几件事情。
16. 空前说“People aged 65 and over are at higher risk of getting a severe case of COVID-19.(65岁以上人群感染重症的风险更高。)”，空格后说“it may not be worth the risk(这可能不值得冒险)”，因此空格处应说“如果你属于感染重症的风险更高的人群”，A选项“If you fall in a high risky category(如果你属于高风险类别)”承接上文，说明如果你是感染重症的高风险人群，就不值得冒险去健身房了，因此A选项承上启下，符合语境，故选A。
17. 空格前说“Exercise outdoors is a great low-risk alternative. When you are outside, it’s easier to control how close you get to other people.(户外运动是一个很好的低风险的选择。当你在外面的时候，你更容易控制自己与他人的亲近程度。)”，这讲的是室外运动在防止感染新冠病毒方面的优势，空格后说“Outdoors you have sunlight which has been shown to quickly inactivate the virus. And outside airflow and humidity (湿度) help weaken it.(在户外，阳光可以迅速灭活病毒。而外面的气流和湿度会减弱它。)”，因此空格处与上下两句应该是并列关系，也是讲在户外运动对防止感染的优势，G选项“And the risk of transmission is lower outside than inside(而且在室外传播的风险比在室内低)”讲的是户外运动的好处，因此符合题意。故选G。
18. 通过看这一段的主题句“Assess your gym’s safety measures(评估健身房的安全措施)”可知这一段是讲你去健身房之前应评估该场所的预防措施，而空后面的三个并列就是这些措施清单，因此空格处应说先列出预防措施的清单，B选项“Make a checklist before you go(去之前列一个清单)”说明了在去健身房之前先列出预防措施的清单，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
19. 由前面的“Your best bet is going to be a gym that is larger, able to have windows open or have multiple floors or levels to allow for physical distancing.(你最好的选择是一个更大的健身房，能够打开窗户，或有多个楼层或层次，以允许身体距离。)”可知，此段主要讲建议你要去大一点健身房，因为这类健身房通风好，病毒聚集少，传染风险少等等。空格处承接上文，再次强调去大的而不是去小的健身房。此句的作用是再次点题，E选项“Avoid small gyms and those with little things(不要去小健身房和那些器材小的健身房)”再次点明了要去大的健身房，因此E选项承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
20. 从三个“location(位置)”可以看出，这一段主要讲你要了解所在区域位置情况，D选项“Your geographic site should be considered(你的地理位置应该被考虑)”说明了要考虑地理位置，和小标题相符合，故选D。
三、完形填空
Ten years ago, I set out to examine luck. I wanted to know why some people are ____21____ in the right place at the right time, while others consistently experienced ill fortune. I ____22____ notices in national newspapers asking for people who felt consistently lucky or unlucky to contact me.
Hundreds of extraordinary men and women volunteered for my ____23____. Over the years I interviewed them, watched their lives and had them ____24____ various experiments.
I carried out a simple ____25____ to discover whether their differences in luck was due to differences in their ability to ____26____ opportunities. I gave both lucky and unlucky people a newspaper and asked them to look through it and tell me how many photographs were inside. I had ____27____ placed a large message halfway through the newspaper saying “Tell the experimenter you have seen this and win $ 50.”
This ____28____ took up half of the page and was written in type that was more than two inches high. It was staring everyone straight in the face, but the unlucky people tended to ____29____ it and the lucky people tended to spot it.
Unlucky people are generally more _____30_____ than lucky people, and this anxiety affects their ability to notice the _____31_____. As a result, they miss opportunities because they are too focused on looking for something else. They go to gatherings focused on finding their perfect partner and miss opportunities to make good friends. They look through newspapers _____32_____ to find certain types of job advertisements and miss other types of jobs.
Lucky people are more relaxed and open, and therefore see what is there _____33_____ just what they are looking for. My research eventually showed that lucky people create good fortune via four _____34_____. They are skilled at creating and noticing chance opportunities, make lucky decisions by listening to their intuition(直觉), create self-fulfilling prophesies(预言) via positive expectations, and adopt a “never say die” attitude that _____35_____ bad luck into good.
21. A. never B. always C. sometimes D. seldom
22. A. placed B. edited C. created D. read
23. A. game B. adventure C. research D. contest
24. A. participate in B. call off C. look into D. carry out
25. A. observation B. experiment C. competition D. discussion
26. A. share B. predict C. decline D. identify
27. A. hesitantly B. carelessly C. secretly D. excitedly
28. A. copy B. message C. diagram D. introduction
29. A. miss B. pass C. revise D. misunderstand
30. A. nervous B. careless C. awkward D. pitiful
31. A. unaffected B. unexplained C. unchanged D. unexpected
32. A. confident B. disappointed C. determined D. surprised
33. A. apart from B. but for C. regardless of D. rather than
34. A. goals B. preferences C. principles D. steps
35. A. throws B. transforms C. takes D. forces
【答案】21．B
22．A
23．C
24．A
25．B
26．D
27．C
28．B
29．A
30．A
31．D
32．C
33．D
34．C
35．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者想要知道为什么有些人总能出现在正确的时间和地点，从而获得成功，而有些人则一贯遭受厄运。作者通过实验研究得出结论：总能获得成功的人心态更放松，从而对周围事物的关注更广泛，更容易发现机会；而运气不佳的人总是比较紧张，精力过于专注于某个特定的目标而忽略了其他的机会。
21. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想知道为什么有些人总是在正确的时间出现在正确的地点，而另一些人总是遭遇不幸。A. never从不；B. always总是；C. sometimes有时；D. seldom很少。根据后文提示词“consistently(一贯地)”可知，此处指作者想知道为什么有些人总是在正确的时间出现在正确的地点。故选B。
22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在全国性的报纸上刊登广告，邀请那些一直觉得自己走运或一直不走运的人联系我。A. placed放置、刊登；B. edited编辑；C. created创造；D. read阅读。由下文“notices in national newspapers asking for people who felt consistently lucky or unlucky to contact me.”可知，作者是要进行有关运气的调研，因此作者在报纸上发布通知寻找调查对象，让他们联系作者。故选A。
23. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：数百名杰出的男女志愿者参与了我的研究。A. game游戏；B. adventure冒险；C. research研究；D. contest比赛。结合上文“notices in national newspapers asking for people who felt consistently lucky or unlucky to contact me.”可知作者让那些感到幸运或不幸的人联系自己，是为了让人来参加作者的研究。故选C。
24. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：多年来，我采访了他们，关注他们的生活，并让他们参加了各种实验。A. participate in参与；B. call off取消；C. look into调查；D. carry out执行。结合后文“various experiments”可知作者寻找调查对象，让他们参与有关运气的实验。故选A。
25. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我进行了一个简单的实验，以发现他们的运气差异是否是由于发现机会的能力差异所致。A. observation观察；B. experiment实验；C. competition比赛；D. discussion讨论。结合上文“various experiments”可知此处是指通过进行简单的实验，来发现运气差异是否是由于发现机会的能力差异所致。故选B。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我进行了一个简单的实验，以发现他们的运气差异是否是由于发现机会的能力差异所致。A. share分享；B. predict预测；C. decline拒绝；D. identify发现、确认。根据下一段中的“the lucky people tended to spot it”可知，幸运的人会注意到这条消息。即幸运的人能够发现机会，故选D。
27. 考查副词辨析。句意：我偷偷地在报纸中间放了一条大信息：告诉实验者你看到了这个，并赢得了50美元。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. carelessly粗心地；C. secretly偷偷地；D. excitedly兴奋地。根据“placed a large message halfway through the newspaper”可知，我偷偷地在报纸中间放了一条大信息，故选C。
28. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这条信息占了一半的版面，而且是用两英寸多高的字体写的。A. copy复本；B. message信息；C. diagram图表；D. introduction介绍。根据上文“placed a large message halfway through the newspaper”可知此处指上文提到的那条消息。故选B。
29. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它正对着每个人的脸，但是不幸的人很容易错过它，幸运的人很容易发现它。A. miss错过；B. pass经过；C. revise修订；D. misunderstand误解。根据本句中的spot及but表示转折可知，此处应选择spot(发现)的反义词miss“错过”。故选A。
30. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的人通常比幸运的人更加紧张，这种焦虑会影响他们发现超出想象（意料之外）东西的能力。A. nervous紧张的；B. careless粗心的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. pitiful可怜的。由后面的anxiety(焦虑)可知，此处选择与其词义相近的词nervous。故选A。
31. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的人通常比幸运的人更加紧张，这种焦虑会影响他们发现超出想象（意料之外）东西的能力。A. unaffected未受影响的；B. unexplained原因不明的；C. unchanged不变的；D. unexpected出于意料的。根据下文“As a result, they miss opportunities because they are too focused on looking for something else.”可知，结果，他们错过了机会，因为他们过于专注于寻找其他东西，这说明这种焦虑会影响他们发现意料之外的东西的能力，故选D。
32. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们浏览报纸，决心找到某些工作而错过了其他的工作。A. confident自信的；B. disappointed失望的；C. determined下定决心的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文“to find certain types of job advertisements and miss other types of”可知，此处指决心找到某些工作而错过了其他的工作。故选C。
33. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：幸运的人更加放松和开放，因此看到有机会就在眼前，而不仅仅是在寻找心中的目标。A. apart from除了；B. but for要不是；C. regardless of不管；D. rather than而不是。根据上一段的anxiety可知，不幸的人很紧张很焦虑，作为对比，表示“而不是”。故选D。
34. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的研究最终表明，幸运的人通过四个原则创造好运。A. goals目标；B. preferences偏爱；C. principles原则；D. steps步骤。空格后的句子是对空格处的具体解释，即幸运的人创造好运所依靠的四个原则。故选C。
35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的人善于创造和发现机会，通过倾听直觉来做出幸运的决定，通过积极的期望创造自我实现的预言，并采取永不言弃的态度，将不幸转化为好运。A. throws扔；B. transforms转化；C. takes带；D. forces强迫。根据下文“bad luck into good”可知，将不幸转化为好运。故选B。
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to a recent survey conducted by wenjuan.com, an online survey platform, some 96 percent of surveyed youth said they were willing to purchase guochao products, ____36____ refers to products by homegrown brands. ____37____ the same time, 91.6 percent of respondents ____38____(voice) their expectations for more video programs digging deeper into traditional Chinese culture. The age group of the interviewees ranged from the post-80s to the post-2000s generations, with the latter ____39____(account) for 22.1 percent.
“Nowadays we are ____40____(deep) connected with most countries in the world, which results in a comprehensive understanding of the outside world, yet we still have confidence in our own culture. This sense of pride ____41____(base) on rational thinking,” said professor Su Junbin of Xiamen University.
Unlike older generations who might favor Western culture and brands, Chinese youth were born and raised when the ____42____(country) economy was taking off, so they tend to have strong confidence in their national identity and culture. They have gained ____43____ full understanding of the outside world, and after several rounds of comparison, have finally found ____44____(they) to be in a strong position. So the timing is perfect, Su said, _____45_____(push) forward cultural products imprinted with traditional Chinese cultural features.
【答案】36．which
37．At
38．voiced
39．accounting
40．deeply
41．is based
42．country’s
43．a
44．themselves
45．to push
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国年轻一代的文化自信。
36. 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：根据在线调查平台问卷网最近的一项调查，约96%的受访青年表示他们愿意购买国超产品，国超指的是本土品牌的产品。关系词指代先行词guochao products并在非限定性定语从句作主语，故填which。
37. 考查固定短语。句意：与此同时，91.6%的受访者表示希望有更多深入挖掘中国传统文化的视频节目。at the same time与此同时，故填At。
38. 考查时态。句意同上，陈述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填voiced。
39. 考查with的复合结构。句意：受访者的年龄范围从80后到00后，其中00后占22.1%。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，the latter与account for之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表主动，故填accounting。
40. 考查副词。句意：如今，我们与世界上大多数国家都有着密切的联系，这使得我们对外部世界有了全面的了解，但我们仍然对自己的文化充满信心。修饰be connected with用副词，表示程度深，故填deeply。
41. 考查短语和时态。句意：这种自豪感是以理性思考为基础的。be based on以……为基础，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数，故填is based。
42. 考查名词所有格。句意：中国年轻人出生和成长于中国经济腾飞之时，因此他们往往对自己的民族身份和文化有着强烈的信心。此处用名词所有格修饰后面的名词economy，表示“国家的”，故填country’s。
43. 考查冠词。句意：他们对外面的世界有了充分的了解，经过几轮的比较，终于发现自己处于优势地位。a full understanding of对……有充分的了解，故填a。
44. 考查反身代词。宾语指的就是主语自己，所以用反身代词作宾语，故填themselves。
45. 考查不定式。句意：苏说，现在正是推出带有中国传统文化特色的文化产品的绝佳时机。此处用不定式作原因状语，故填to push。
五、开放性作文
46．你校英语教研组网站向全校同学征集英语格言，请用英语写一篇短文应征。
内容包括：
1. 介绍这句格言；
2. 举例说明影响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Favorite Motto
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
My Favorite Motto
The motto I observe is Practice makes perfect! It means excellence can only be obtained after you have put to use what you have learnt and have tried it over and over again.
Many examples can be cited to illustrate the proverb, among which learning English is a case in point. Admittedly, memorizing pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar rules contributes to a good command of English. But all these can quickly escape from our memory. Only when we practice speaking, reading, and writing English frequently can it be upgraded to a higher level.
Engage yourself in practice and you will become a perfect doer.
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于征文稿。校英语教研组网站向全校同学征集英语格言，要求考生用英语写一篇短文应征。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
遵守：observe → obey
获得：obtain → get/achieve
不可否认地：admittedly → undeniably
提高，改善：upgrade → improve
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Admittedly, memorizing pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar rules contributes to a good command of English. But all these can quickly escape from our memory.
拓展句：Although memorizing pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar rules contributes to a good command of English, all these can quickly escape from our memory.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Many examples can be cited to illustrate the proverb, among which learning English is a case in point.(运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Only when we practice speaking, reading, and writing English frequently can it be upgraded to a higher level.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句和倒装句型)
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Only Love Lasts Forever
Yesterday after telling my brother, Rhys, and me to stop playing like wild animals in the house for what she said was the thousandth time, Mom went to take a bath. That’s when it happened. We were playing around, bopping each other with pillows, when one slipped from my brother’s grasp and smashed the glass dome (圆顶) on the coffee table, shattering it into a zillion pieces!
With her supersonic hearing, my mom heard the big crash and then the sound of glass hitting the floor. Wasting no time, she came flying into the room to find out what had happened. I was sure my brother and I were dead meat and she was going to start yelling at us, but instead she just knelt by the pieces and began to cry.
This made Rhys and me feel pretty awful — We went over and put our arms around her, and she explained to us why she was so upset. Under the shattered glass dome was a white porcelain (瓷的) rose. Dad had given it to her on their first wedding anniversary. He had said that if he ever forgot to bring flowers for an anniversary in the future, Mom was to look at that one. It was like their love — it would last a lifetime.
Now it lay chipped on the floor, one petal (花瓣) gone. We began crying too and offered to glue it for her. She said that wouldn’t really fix it. Now that it had been broken, the value of the “limited edition” had lessened. We got our piggy banks out to pay for it, but Mom replied that to her the rose represented Dad’s love and could never truly be restored.
As Mom slowly began to pick up the mess, we tried everything we could think of to cheer her up, but even our best funny faces didn’t work. Mom just looked away. The tears kept coming down her cheeks.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After everything was picked up and Mom was on her way back to the bath, I stopped her.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mom hugged me very tightly then and finally smiled.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
After everything was picked up and Mom was on her way back to the bath, I stopped her. I whispered to her that I had something important to tell her. She tried to go around me, replying “Not now.” but I wouldn’t let her by. I told her, “I want to say something very important; it’s a rule of God.” I put both hands on her shoulders and told her, “All things can be broken, Mom; everything breaks sometime. The only thing that isn’t like that is love. It’s the only thing that can never be broken.”
Mom hugged me very tightly then and finally smiled. She said that I was pretty wise and understood some things that even much older people didn’t! After dinner that night, we had a family meeting. We discussed mistakes and the importance of learning from them. Mom glued the petal back onto the rose. The tiny petal now had a thin almost invisible line of glue. Then Mom softly said, “Even though other people have limited edition roses, mine is truly unique. Its tiny flaw reminds me of something more important: the realization that only love lasts forever.”
【解析】
【导语】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和哥哥在家里像野兽一样地玩耍，在妈妈去洗澡后，作者和哥哥用枕头互相拍打，把放在咖啡桌上的玻璃圆顶打到了地上，摔碎了，妈妈很生气，也很伤心，因为那是作者爸爸送给妈妈的结婚周年礼物，妈妈觉得即使粘上也无法真正恢复它的价值，妈妈很伤心，眼泪流了下来。
【详解】
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“东西都收拾好了，妈妈在回浴室的路上，我拦住了她。”可知，第一段可描写作者安慰妈妈。
②由第二段首句内容“妈妈紧紧地拥抱了我，最后笑了。”可知，第二段可描写作者的安慰给妈妈带来的影响。
2.续写线索：安慰——妈妈的想法——检讨——修复——感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①告诉：tell sb./say something to sb.
②明白：understand sth./be clear about sth.
③讨论：discuss/talk over
情绪类
①爱：love/affection
②温柔地：softly/gently
【点睛】
[高分句型1] I whispered to her that I had something important to tell her. (由that引导的宾语从句，作whisper的宾语)
[高分句型2] The only thing that isn’t like that is love. (由关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句)