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2021-2022学年福建省莆田市第一中学高一下学期期末考试英语试题含解析
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这是一份2021-2022学年福建省莆田市第一中学高一下学期期末考试英语试题含解析，文件包含2021-2022学年福建省莆田市第一中学高一下学期期末考试英语试题含解析docx、2021-2022学年福建省莆田市第一中学高一下学期期末考试英语试题听力mp3等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
莆田一中2021-2022学年度下学期期末考试试卷
高一 英语 必修三
（时间：120分钟 满分150）
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级和准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the price of a ticket now?
A. $10. B. $18. C. $20.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Good morning, sir. The original price of one ticket was $20, and there is a 10% discount these days.
M: Well, I’ll take one.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is Amanda doing?
A. Making a call. B. Filling in a form. C. Getting her package.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Are you coming to pick up your package? You need to tell me your name and phone number.
W: Yes. My name is Amanda Wilson, and my phone number is …
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A tool. B. A pill. C. A box.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: What’s this, Roger? Is it a small box for storing medicine?
M: Nope, it’s a tool for cutting a pill into two pieces. My grandma only needs half of a pill each time.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the woman do next?
A. Download an app. B. Take a picture. C. Advertise an app.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Do you know this app can exchange the faces of two people in a picture when they are taking a photo for themselves together?
W: Wow, that’s amazing. I can’t wait to try it. Tell me the name of this app, and I’ll look it up in the app store on my phone right away.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Grandfather and granddaughter.
B. Shop assistant and customer.
C. Husband and wife.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Come and see what I bought, dear. It’s a movable clothes hanger. Grandpa can use it easily. You know our old one is out of his reach. Sometimes when he lives with us, it’s inconvenient for him.
M: How kind you are!
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In an office. B. In Jeffery’s house. C. In a gym.
7. Who is Nick?
A. Daisy’s husband. B. Daisy’s colleague. C. Daisy’s manager.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: How about another piece of pie, Daisy?
W: I’m full, thank you for your wonderful dinner, Jeffery.
M: You’re welcome. You drank a little wine tonight. Why not spend the night here?
W: Never mind. I’ll call my husband to pick me up.
M: That’s all right. It’s been a while since I saw Nick last time. He took your son Mack to take part in the team building activity of our department, right?
W: Yep, he and our manager won first place in rock climbing.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What are the speakers going to do this Sunday?
A. Buy a book. B. Go to the top of a tower. C. Pay a visit to a bookstore.
9. Why does the woman think the bookstore is special?
A. It’s quite high.
B. It looks like a cloud.
C. It’s the most popular bookstore in Shanghai.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Have you heard about Duoyun Books?
M: Of course, it’s the highest bookstore in Shanghai. I haven’t been there yet, though it was opened a couple of years ago. It has attracted a lot of people so far.
W: How about going there this Sunday? It must be worth a visit.
M: OK.
W: Do you know how high it is?
M: Huh, I have no idea. But I heard that it’s located on the 52nd floor of Shanghai Tower.
W: Yeah. It presents an amazing view of Shanghai from a height of 239 meters.
M: Ah, it’s so high.
W: That’s why people call it “a bookstore above the clouds”. It’s special. You can look up at the clouds, and look down at a book.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. How does the woman sound at first?
A. Worried. B. Annoyed. C. Confident.
11. What do we know about the woman?
A. She got the first question right. B. She likes apples best. C. She has a small baby.
12. What does the man ask the woman to do in the end?
A Take a rest. B. Raise questions. C. Answer another question.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Are you willing to have a quiz?
W: Sure, go ahead. I’m ready to get full marks.
M: The first one: Why can an apple float on the surface of the water?
W: Hmm … Let me see I learned that in the physics class. Because it consists of 25% air or so.
M: Bingo! You got it. Next one: Normally, what is directly related to the number of breaths you take?
W: It’s a tough one. Is it connected with the gender?
M: The correct answer is age. Of course, there’re many other factors, but age is a direct one. For example, babies take more breaths than adults because their lungs aren’t fully developed and they need to take more breaths to keep themselves alive and healthy.
W: Hey, I learn a lot from you.
M: Now it’s your turn to ask questions.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. When will the speakers get to the town?
A. At 8:30 a.m. B. At 11:30 a.m. C. At 12:00 a.m.
14. What impresses the man most about the chocolate in the town?
A. Its price. B. Its production. C. Its taste.
15. What will the man do after arriving home?
A. Watch a film. B. Eat chocolate. C. Rent a car.
16. What is the man’s favorite food?
A. Bread. B. Pineapples. C. Popcorn.
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: We’ll be at Munich Airport at 8:30 a.m.
M: Yeah, I plan to take you to a special town. Can you guess?
W: Hmm … I haven’t got a clue.
M: It’s about something you like to eat.
W: Bread or pineapples?
M: No, what’s your favorite food?
W: Ah, chocolate!
M: Yes. The town is called Lauenstein. I can rent a car and then drive you there. It’ll take us 3 hours and a half from the airport to that town.
W: Oh, it’s a bit far.
M: But believe me, you’ll absolutely love it. The town is also called “Chocolate Town” because it is rich in chocolate.
W: I’m starting to get interested.
M: Chocolate there is very delicious. Best of all, it is handmade, which gives me a good impression.
W: I’m eager to try some. And I’ll definitely bring a great deal of them home.
M: Ha-ha. Actually, it reminds me of a famous movie Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. After getting home, I want to watch it again. And it’s perfect to watch it with my favorite popcorn.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What does the phrase “Joe Blow” refer to?
A. A cup of coffee. B. A common person. C. A man who believes in nothing.
18. Which phrase’s history is mentioned by the speaker?
A. A John Hancock. B. Jeez Louise. C. For Pete’s sake.
19. What will be discussed next week?
A. The history of coffee.
B. Expressions related to human body.
C. Ways to describe a surprising event.
20. What does the speaker do?
A. She is a waitress. B. She is a teacher. C. She is a hostess.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】A person’s name is very important. Do you know some names also have special meanings in American expressions? Now, please listen to me carefully, and you may even want to get “a cup of Joe”. I mean, a cup of coffee. Here is another phrase about Joe. “An average Joe” refers to an ordinary person. Besides, “Joe Blow” and “John Q. Public” have the same meaning. Now let’s move on to another name: Thomas. It means someone who doesn’t believe anything. If you want to express a feeling of surprise, what will you say? Today I can tell you two special phrases: “Jeez Louise” and “for Pete’s sake”. And the last one: “a John Hancock” is a person’s signed name. Historically, John Hancock was one of the signers of The Declaration of Independence. Hancock had a beautiful signature and signed his name larger than all the others. Well, in next Friday’s show, let’s talk about some phrases that are connected with people’s bodies, such as hands, eyes and feet.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Four best tourist attractions named by Lonely Planet for 2022
Nepal
When people discuss Nepal, it’s impossible not to talk about Mount Everest. But this Himalayan nation has so much more on offer for travelers who aren’t climbing the world’s highest mountain.
In the lonely region of Mustang, which means “rich plain”, tourists can explore the high desert and meet locals at homestays along the way, dining on Nepali specialties.
Mauritius
Mauritius is in the Indian Ocean about 700 miles east of Madagascar. Here are some reasons for visiting this underrated African getaway. It’s inhabited by a multiracial, peaceful people, covered in great golf courses, offering various water sports, an old colonial capital, great food, one of the world’s best gardens, good nightlife and great sightseeing.
Norway
Norway always lies on the list of the world’s happiest countries. So what’s the secret? Mette-Marit, one of the country’s royals, has one answer:“We love being outside in nature.”
If you want to take in that peaceful energy for yourself, head to Bkeskogen, the world’s northernmost beech forest.
Cook Islands
This group of 15 islands in the South Pacific was at the top of many Lonely Planet workers’ wish lists for 2022 and beyond.
What’s on offer? Water-centric activities like snorkeling, diving and fishing, not to mention a look at the native Maori community in Te Vara Nui Village.
21. What can tourists do in Nepal?
A. Play golf. B. Explore a desert.
C. Co diving and fishing. D. Visit ancient buildings.
22. What contributes to the people’s happiness most in Norway?
A. Great sightseeing. B. Peaceful energy.
C. The world’s best garden. D. Great enjoyment in nature.
23. What do Mauritius and Cook Islands have in common?
A. They offer water sports. B. They lie in the Indian Ocean.
C. They have great beech forest. D. They have many different races.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了《孤独星球》评选出的2022年四大最佳旅游景点。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Nepal中关键句“In the lonely region of Mustang, which means “rich plain”, tourists can explore the high desert and meet locals at homestays along the way, dining on Nepali specialties.”（在荒凉的姆斯唐地区，意思是“富饶的平原”，游客可以探索高沙漠，并在沿途的民宿与当地人见面，品尝尼泊尔特色美食。）可知，在尼泊尔，人们可以探索沙漠。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Norway中关键句“Mette-Marit, one of the country’s royals, has one answer:“We love being outside in nature.””（英国王室成员梅特·玛丽特的回答只有一个：“我们喜欢户外的大自然。”）可知，在挪威，享受大自然最能给人们带来幸福。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Mauritius中关键句“It’s inhabited by a multiracial, peaceful people, covered in great golf courses, offering various water sports, an old colonial capital, great food, one of the world’s best gardens, good nightlife and great sightseeing.”（这里居住着一个多种族、爱好和平的民族，有很棒的高尔夫球场，提供各种水上运动，一个古老的殖民首都，美味的食物，世界上最好的花园之一，美好的夜生活和绝佳的观光。）及Cook Islands中关键句“Water-centric activities like snorkeling, diving and fishing, not to mention a look at the native Maori community in Te Vara Nui Village.”（提供什么？ 以水为中心的活动，比如浮潜、潜水和钓鱼，更不用说去看看Te Vara Nui村当地的毛利人社区了。）可知，毛里求斯和库克群岛都提供水上运动。故选A项。
B
In American English, when someone says he has to “face the music”, it doesn’t mean he is going to a musical performance or a concert.
Imagine a friend asks you to take care of her beautiful sports car. She says, “Please don’t drive it. It’s an extremely fast car.” But you want to pretend the car is yours. So, you drive it around one night. As bad luck would have it, you lose control of the car and drive it into a stop sign. When your friend returns, you must “face the music”. It can be losing her friendship or paying for repairs to her car or both.
In 1851, the writer James Fenimore explained “face the music”. In a theater the orchestra (管弦乐队)sits in front of the stage. So, the actors on stage face the musicians. Many actors are very nervous, and this condition is called “stage fright”. They may want to run away. “Facing the music” means accepting it and not giving in to it.
Word experts say “face the music” may come from the army. A soldier could be forced out of the horse cavalry (骑兵团)because of the serious mistake in the war. The army drummers would play a sad beat. The soldier would be seated backward on a horse and face the music of the drums.
To “take your medicine” is to accept the bad result from something you have done. And if someone says, “You made your bed. Now lie in it.”he means you create a bad situation and you must deal with it. “Pay the piper” is also similar to “face the music”. But it’s fun to “lie in the bed and enjoy music”.
There are many idioms(习语)in the English language, whose real meanings are largely based on the context. Don’t read only with your eyes, or you would make a fool of yourself.
24. In Paragraph 2, “face the music” probably means________.
A. accept the bad result B. go to a concert
C. refuse to repair the car D. pretend the car is yours
25. What can we know about the soldier in the text?
A. He wanted to be a cavalry officer.
B. He would play the drum in the army.
C. He must have done something terrible.
D. He would be punished by the army drummers.
26. Which is different from the other expressions in meaning?
A. Pay the piper.
B Take your medicine.
C. Lie in the bed and enjoy music.
D. You made your bed. Now lie in it.
27. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. The great fun of learning English idioms.
B. The origins of some useful English idioms.
C. Some interesting stories from English idioms.
D. Understanding English idioms in the context.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一些英语习语，并告诉我们应在语境中理解它们。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It can be losing her friendship or paying for repairs to her car or both.”（可能是失去她的友谊，或者支付她的汽车修理费，或者两者兼而有之）可知，“face the music”在第二段中表示“接受坏的结果”。故选A项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“A soldier could be forced out of the horse cavalry because of the serious mistake in the war. The army drummers would play a sad beat. The soldier would be seated backward on a horse and face the music of the drums.”（一名士兵可能因为战争中的严重错误而被迫退出骑兵部队。军队的鼓手会演奏悲伤的节拍。士兵会向后坐在马上，面对着鼓声）可知，士兵一定做了糟糕的错事。故选C项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“To “take your medicine” is to accept the bad result from something you have done. And if someone says, “You made your bed. Now lie in it.”he means you create a bad situation and you must deal with it. “Pay the piper” is also similar to “face the music”. But it’s fun to “lie in the bed and enjoy music”.”（“take your medicine”是接受你所做的事情带来的坏结果。如果有人说“You made your bed. Now lie in it.”他的意思是你制造了一个糟糕的局面，你必须处理它。“Pay the piper”和“face the music”也很相似。但“lie in the bed and enjoy music”很有趣）可知，Pay the piper.，Take your medicine.及You made your bed. Now lie in it.均为消极含义，而Lie in the bed and enjoy music.为积极含义。可知，C含义与其它选项含义不同。故选C项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“There are many idioms in the English language, whose real meanings are largely based on the context.”（英语中有许多习语，它们的真正含义很大程度上取决于语境）及全文内容可知，本文介绍了英语中的一些习语，并告诉了我们这些习语在特定语境下的真正含义，因此，这篇文章主要讲在语境中理解英语习语。故选D项。
C
Many people dream of going into space, but until recently only professional astronauts had that privilege. That all changed in 2022, with successful first missions for several space tourism companies.
First off the runway, in early July, was Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic company. Its spaceship, called VSS Unity, took four passengers and two pilots on a trip to the edge of space, where they experienced weightlessness and saw the Earth from above.
Unity has a fully reusable design--it is carried to a height of 9. 5 miles under a larger “mothership” plane called Eve. It is then released before firing its own rockets to reach its maximum height of 53 miles. As it begins to fall, its wings turn around so that it floats down slowly like a shuttlecock (羽毛球), before levelling out and flying back to land like a normal aeroplane. Virgin Galactic hopes to begin regular flights in 2023.
Less than two weeks later, Amazon founder Jeff Bezos’s New Shepard rocket made its first flight, launching a space capsule with four passengers to an altitude of 66 miles. Among those on board were Bezos himself and 82-year-old Wally Funk, a pioneering female pilot who trained for NASA’s Mercury programme in the early 1960s but had waited 60 years for her chance to go into space. Funk became the oldest person to fly in space but only held that record until October, when 90-year-old actor William Shatner flew on the second New Shepard launch. Shatner played Captain Kirk in the Star Trek TV series and films.
In September, the Inspiration 4 mission carried four ordinary people into orbit around Earth. The launch was the first private passenger flight for Elon Musk’s SpaceX company, using a Dragon spacecraft that is also used for NASA missions. Designed to raise awareness and funds for St Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, US, the mission was paid for by billionaire Jared Isaacman. He was joined on the three-day flight by medical researcher Hayley Arceneaux, competition winner Dr Sian Proctor and hospital supporter ChrisSembroski.
28. What can we know about VSS Unity?
A. It can be used several times. B. It has started normal flights.
C. It takes off from the ground. D. It touches down like a shuttlecock.
29. What does “it” refer to in Paragraph3?
A. Eve. B. a shuttlecock. C. an aeroplane. D. Unity.
30. Who is the latest person to go into space according to the passage?
A. Hayley Arceneaux. B. William Shatner. C. Jeff Bezos. D. Wally Funk.
31. Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A. New spacecrafts will weigh increasingly light.
B. Old people are more suitable to have space travel.
C. Ordinary people can go into space in the near future.
D. Space travel missions can meet the demand for hospitals.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了2022年，几家太空旅游公司成功完成了首批将除了职业宇航员外的其他人送入太空的任务。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段第一句“Unity has a fully reusable design.( Unity拥有完全可重复使用的设计)”可知Unity可以重复使用。故选A项。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第三段第一句“Unity has a fully reusable design--it is carried to a height of 9. 5 miles under a larger mothership plane called Eve. ( Unity有一个完全可重用的设计——它的高度为9，在一架名为Eve的大型母舰飞机下5英里。)”可知前面讲了Unity高度为9，在在一架名为Eve的大型母舰飞机下5英里。由此可以推断，本句中“It is then released before firing its own rockets to reach its maximum height of 53 miles.”的“It”指代的是前文提到的Unity。故选D项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段“Funk became the oldest person to fly in space but only held that record until October, when 90-year-old actor William Shatner flew on the second New Shepard launch. (芬克成为太空飞行年龄最大的人，但直到今年10月，90岁的演员威廉·夏特纳(William Shatner)进行了第二次新谢泼德(New Shepard)发射，这项纪录才被打破。)”可知今年10月，William Shatner打破了纪录，说明他是最近进入太空的人。故选B项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“In September, the Inspiration 4 mission carried four ordinary people into orbit around Earth….Designed to raise awareness and funds for St Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, US, the mission was paid for by billionaire Jared Isaacman. (9月，灵感4号任务将4名普通人送入地球轨道…该项目旨在为美国孟菲斯的圣犹大儿童研究医院提高认识，并筹集资金，由亿万富翁贾里德·艾萨克曼支付。)”可知今年9月，4名普通人进入了地球轨道，同时这个项目就是为了筹集资金。由此推断，将来普通人也可以进入太空。故选C项。
D
If you were to throw, say, a banana peel out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that it’s part of a fruit, right? Actually, no. A banana peel can take up two years to decompose (分解), and with a third of motorists admitting to littering while driving, that’s a whole lot of waste banana peels, or much worse. An orange peel and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading (生物降解) term to that of a banana, but tin and aluminum (铝) cans last up to100 years; and plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles and plastic bags.
Despite the fact that longer-lasting materials will serve to damage the environment, we can’t only measure the severity (严重) of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime. For example, despite having a fairly short biodegrading span, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is thrown in the UK every day. Similarly, our regular littering here and there has caused the UK’s mouse population to increase by 60 million. This suddenly isn’t so mysterious when you consider that since the 1960s our annual littering has increased by an astonishing 500 percent.
It’s not a cheap habit either: UK taxpayers spent £500 million on keeping the streets clean. So, it’s not surprising that if caught fly-tipping, you could face a £20, 000 fine. Regardless of how severe the punishment might seem, however, among the reported cases only 2, 000 were punished out of 825, 000, so we still have some way to go in making sure people obey the rules.
To take back our beautiful cities, we need to do more than simply not leaving rubbish where it ought not to be. We need to care more about the world around us.
32. Which of the following is the easiest to decompose in the passage?
A. A glass bottle. B. A plastic bag. C. An aluminum can. D. An orange peel.
33. What can we know from paragraph 2?
A. Annual littering has increased a little in the UK since the 1960s.
B. Shorter-lasting materials will be less harmful to the environment.
C. Cigarette-related littering is a severe environmental problem in the UK.
D. Regular littering has caused the UK’s mouse population to reach 60 million.
34. Which of the following can best describe the UK’s punishment on littering?
A. Every little helps. B. More haste, less speed.
C. No pain, no gain. D. A drop in the bucket.
35. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Littering, a Surprisingly Big Issue
B. Environment Issues, a Big Concern
C. Rubbish Collection, an Urgent Task
D. Long-lasting Material, a Hidden Danger
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同的垃圾降解需要的时间不同，以此来号召人们合法扔垃圾。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“A banana peel can take up two years to decompose… An orange peel and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading term to that of a banana, but tin and aluminum cans last up to100 years; and plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles and plastic bags.(香蕉皮需要两年的时间才能分解……橙子皮和烟蒂的生物降解与香蕉相似，但锡罐和铝罐可达100年；塑料瓶可以永久保存，玻璃瓶和塑料袋也是如此。)”可知橙子皮和香蕉皮相似，需要2年可以分解，铝罐需要100年才可以分解，玻璃瓶、塑料袋和塑料瓶一样，可以永久保存，因此香蕉皮是最容易分解的。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“despite having a fairly short biodegrading span, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is thrown in the UK every day.(尽管生物降解时间很短，但英国每天仍有超过120吨与香烟相关垃圾被丢弃。)”可知英国每天仍有超过120吨与香烟相关的垃圾被丢弃，C选项“Cigarette-related littering is a severe environmental problem in the UK(在英国，与香烟相关的乱扔垃圾是一个严重的环境问题)”符合文意。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“Regardless of how severe the punishment might seem, however, among the reported cases only 2, 000 were punished out of 825, 000, so we still have some way to go in making sure people obey the rules.(然而，不管处罚看起来有多严厉，在报告的82.5万起案件中，只有2000起受到了处罚，因此，在确保人们遵守规则方面，我们还有一段路要走。)”可知在报告的82.5万起案件中，只有2000起受到了处罚，说明处罚的力度不够强。D选项“A drop in the bucket (九牛一毛)”符合文意。故选D项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第一段“If you were to throw, say, a banana peel out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that it’s part of a fruit, right? Actually, no.(如果你在高速公路上开车时从车里扔出一个香蕉皮，那将是一个完全无害的行为，因为它是水果的一部分，对吧？事实上，不是)”及最后一段“To take back our beautiful cities, we need to do more than simply not leaving rubbish where it ought not to be. We need to care more about the world around us.(为了夺回我们美丽的城市，我们需要做的不仅仅是不把垃圾留在不该留在的地方。我们需要更多地关心我们周围的世界)”可知，本文主要讲乱扔垃圾是一个大问题，这种行为造成的影响不容忽视，因此我们不能乱扔。A项“乱扔垃圾，一个令人惊讶的大问题”可以作为本文标题。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Learning to Manage Your Time
The principles below are about effective time management. Think of time management techniques as tools to help you do what you value best. ____36____
Commitment — If you can’t promise to devote time to a task, don’t put it in your schedule. ____37____ If you don’t actually stick to your schedule, it will soon become useless.
One thing at a time — Current research shows us that multi-tasking is untrue. When switching between tasks, we pay a time cost: It takes time to get mentally back into the task, thus making us less efficient. ____38____ This depth is necessary where you are expected to gain a deeper understanding.
Response — In the moment of decision-making, when faced with other things which are not included in the schedule, take a moment to think and respond. ____39____ For example, if exercise is a top priority for you, don’t let a sudden fear about a grade prevent you from exercising. You can reduce the amount of exercise time, but don’t cut it out. Don’t let “mind games” get in the way.
Flexibility — ____40____ Don’t schedule every hour of the day. Leave empty time and schedule in entertainment time. Create two or three hours on Friday as a catch-all makeup time. When things come up and you are deciding whether to differ from your established schedule, look for future hours and days to see where you can make up lost time.
A. Be brief when making your schedule.
B. How do you combine flexibility with your schedule?
C. When switching we also lose the depth of our engagement.
D. Try to keep the principles in mind as you schedule your time.
E. Switch blocks of time so that your schedule shows your new commitment.
F. Remember what’s most important to you and do what will help you get it.
G. Creating a schedule you can’t actually keep is setting yourself up for frustration.
【答案】36. D 37. G 38. C 39. F 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要提出了一些时间管理的原则。
【36题详解】
根据上文“The principles below are about effective time management. Think of time management techniques as tools to help you do what you value best.(下面的原则是关于有效的时间管理。把时间管理技巧看作是帮助你做你最看重的事情的工具)”结合后文详细说明了这些原则，D选项中the principles对应上文中The principles。故D选项“当你安排时间时，尽量记住这些原则”符合语境，故选D。
【37题详解】
根据上文“If you can’t promise to devote time to a task, don’t put it in your schedule.(如果你不能保证花时间完成一项任务，就不要把它列入你的日程表)”以及后文“If you don’t actually stick to your schedule, it will soon become useless.(如果你不坚持你的时间表，它很快就会变得无用)”可知，前后文都提到了无法保证坚持时间表的问题，即本句是在说明制定了实际上无法遵守的时间表会导致的问题，故G选项“制定一个你实际上无法遵守的时间表会让自己陷入沮丧”符合语境，故选G。
【38题详解】
根据上文“When switching between tasks, we pay a time cost: It takes time to get mentally back into the task, thus making us less efficient.(在不同任务之间切换时，我们付出了时间代价：我们需要花时间来重新回到任务中，从而降低了效率)”可知，上文提到了在不同的任务之间切换，C选项中switching对应上文中switching。故C选项“当切换时，我们也失去了参与的深度”符合语境，说明切换带来的不良后果。故选C。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Response — In the moment of decision-making, when faced with other things which are not included in the schedule, take a moment to think and respond.(回应——在做决定的时候，当面对计划之外的事情时，花点时间思考和回应)”以及后文“For example, if exercise is a top priority for you, don’t let a sudden fear about a grade prevent you from exercising. You can reduce the amount of exercise time, but don’t cut it out. Don’t let “mind games” get in the way.(例如，如果锻炼是你的首要任务，不要让对成绩的突然恐惧阻止你锻炼。你可以减少锻炼时间，但不要停止。不要让“心理游戏”成为阻碍)”可知，后文提到了锻炼是首要任务，就不要担心成绩，即强调记住最重要的是什么，故F选项“记住对你来说最重要的是什么，并做能帮助你得到它的事情”符合语境，故选F。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Flexibility(灵活性)”以及后文“Don’t schedule every hour of the day. Leave empty time and schedule in entertainment time. Create two or three hours on Friday as a catch-all makeup time. When things come up and you are deciding whether to differ from your established schedule, look for future hours and days to see where you can make up lost time.(不要把一天中的每一个小时都安排好。留出空闲时间，安排娱乐时间。周五腾出两三个小时来化妆。当事情发生时，你正在决定是否要与既定的计划有所不同，看看未来的几个小时或几天，看看哪些地方可以弥补失去的时间)”可知，本段主要强调了灵活性，B选项中flexibility对应上文中Flexibility。故B选项“你是如何将灵活性和你的时间表结合起来的？”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When the host announced that my choir (合唱队) won the second place of the World Choir Game, I couldn't believe what I heard. All the ____41____ that we made was worthwhile. Through this unforgotten experience, I ____42____ much.
In the semi-finals (半决赛) , we were supposed to sing four songs. When we played the third song, I suddenly heard an unexpected ____43____—a girl in the alto (女低音)got quick. The other students in the alto were ____44____ by the girl and were getting quicker and quicker. Our choir's leader, Mrs Li noticed it and ____45____ used her hand to keep time, but she ____46____.
After the song, the smile on Mrs Li's face froze and some of our members turned and tried to find the person who first got ____47____. My mind was blank, but quickly I realized the only thing we could do was to ____48____ the performance. Then with a smile, Mrs Li became a ____49____ again, who seemed to have totally forgot what we had done. We sang the ____50____ song as usual.
After the competition, I was disappointed. Just because of one person's fault, the whole choir must afford the fact that we might lose the game. I cried, but then I found nothing would change no matter how hard we ____51____ the girl who played poorly. ____52____, I came to her, encouraged her, and practiced the whole melody with her. In the finals, we got the medal because of our ____53____ performance.
Never blame a person when she makes a mistake, but help her to solve the problem when you are struggling ____54____ the same goal. No matter what you will experience with others in the future, successes or failures, ____55____ or tears, these will surely become your precious treasure and memory.
41. A. promises B. efforts C. requirement D. differences
42. A. considered B. forgot C. learned D. explained
43. A. name B. shout C. voice D. song
44. A. driven away B. led away C. given out D. turned down
45. A. similarly B. easily C. happily D. immediately
46. A. failed B. succeeded C. arrived D. agreed
47. A. busy B. wrong C. warm D. slow
48. A. quit B. stop C. complete D. end
49. A. conductor B. singer C. dancer D. worker
50. A. late B. only C. first D. last
51. A. blamed B. encouraged C. called D. asked
52. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. However D. Besides
53. A. bad B. common C. perfect D. rude
54. A. up B. onto C. toward D. in
55. A. mistake B. surprise C. sadness D. laughter
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过在一次合唱比赛时意外失误，没有去责怪那个犯错的人而是和她一起练习，最后取得成功的故事，告诉我们：当为了同一个目标奋斗时，不要去责备一个人，而是要去帮助他解决问题。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们所有的努力都有了意义。A. promises承诺，诺言；B. efforts努力；C. requirement要求；D. differences不同。根据前文“When the host announced that my choir won the second place of the World Choir Game, I couldn't believe what I heard.”（当主持人宣布我的合唱团获得世界合唱比赛第二名时，我简直不敢相信）可知，此处是指“我”们所有的努力都有了意义。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这次难忘的经历，我学到了很多。A. considered考虑；B. forgot忘记；C. learned学习；D. explained解释。根据最后一段“Never blame a person when she makes a mistake, but help her to solve the problem when you are struggling 14 the same … ”（当一个人犯错时，永远不要责怪她，而要在你们为同一个目标而奋斗时，帮助她解决问题）可知，这是“我”从这次难忘的经历中学到的道理。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们唱第三首歌时，我突然听到一个意想不到的嗓音。A. name名字；B. shout呼喊；C. voice嗓音；D. song歌曲。根据“a girl in the alto( 女低音) got quick. ”可知此处指“嗓音”，故选C。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：女中音里的其他同学都被那个女孩带错了，他们越来越快了。A. driven away赶走；B. led away引走；C. given out分发，发出；D. turned down减小，关小。根据“were getting quicker and quicker”可知，女中音里的其他同学都被那个女孩带错了。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们唱诗班的领队李老师注意到了这一点，立即用手来合拍子，但她没能做到。A. similarly同样的，类似的；B. easily容易地；C. happily快乐地；D. immediately立刻，马上。根据“Mrs Li noticed it”可知，领队李老师注意到了节奏过快之后必定是立即用手来合拍子。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. failed失败；B. succeeded成功；C. arrived到达；D. agreed同意。根据下一段的描述，特别是第一句“李老师脸上的笑容凝固了”可知，李老师没能把大家带到正确的调上来，故选A。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唱完歌后，李老师脸上的笑容凝固了，我们的一些成员转过身来，试图找出第一个唱错的人。A. busy忙碌的；B. wrong错误的；C. warm温暖的；D. slow缓慢的。根据“tried to find the person”可知，此处是指在唱完歌后成员们试图找出第一个唱错的人。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的脑子一片空白，但很快我意识到我们唯一能做的就是完成整个过程。A. quit离开；B. stop停止；C. complete完成；D. end结束。根据后文“ We sang the 10 song as usual. ”（我们像往常一样唱最后一首歌）可知，此处是指他们继续完成整个过程。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，李老师微笑着又当上了指挥，她似乎完全忘记了我们所做的一切。A. conductor指挥；B. singer歌手；C. dancer舞蹈家；D. worker工人。根据后文“who seemed to have totally forgot what we had done. ”可知，此处是指李老师微笑着又当上了指挥。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们像往常一样唱最后一支歌。A. late晚的，最近的；B. only唯一的；C. first第一，首先；D. last最后的。根据“After the competition”可知此处指“最后一支歌”，故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是后来我发现无论我们怎么责怪那个唱的不好的女孩，都不会改变结果。A. blamed责怪；B. encouraged鼓励；C. called打电话；D. asked问。根据“he girl who played poorly”可知，此处指“责怪那个唱的不好的女孩”，故选A。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此,我走近她，鼓励她，和她练习整个旋律。A. Otherwise否则；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Besides此外。根据上文语境，因为无论怎么责怪那个唱的不好的女孩，都不会改变结果，因此，走近她，鼓励她，和她练习整个旋律，故选B。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在决赛中，因为我们表现完美，获得了奖牌。A. bad坏的；B. common共同的；C. perfect完美的；D. rude粗鲁的。根据“we got the medal ”可知，最后我们获得了奖牌，说明我们表现得很完美，故选C。
【54题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：当你们在为同一个目标奋斗时，不要去责备一个人，而要帮助她解决问题。A. up在…之上；B. onto面向；C. toward为了，朝着；D. in在……里边。根据“the same goal ”可知，朝着同一个目标奋斗，故选C。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你将来在别人身上经历什么，成功或失败，欢笑或泪水，这些都将成为你宝贵的财富和记忆。A. mistake错误；B. surprise惊奇；C. sadness悲哀；D. laughter笑，笑声。根据后文“or tears”可知，or前后词义相反，所以此处是指欢笑或泪水。故选D。
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For the past few years, several Internet buzzwords (流行语) have gone popular, “ ____56____ (hero) in harm’s way, “lying flat”, “nei juan” ____57____ (include). Once ____58____ ambassador to the United States told a personal story to explain why the government introduced a policy to deal with nei juan, or “involution”, a buzzword ____59____ (mean) irrational(非理性的) or involuntary competition, which makes people feel burned out.
“I still remember some 10 years ago, my weekends ____60____ (spend) rushing my kid from one training school to another, and the courses he took ranged from math to physics,” he said. And after a whole day of classes, a tutor came to his home in the evening. When the tutoring session finished, he himself still had to help his son ____61____ his composition homework.
Such a phenomenon is very common in our ____62____ (compete) society. Many parents are extremely afraid that their children will get off to a slow start, so they would rather do ____63____ they can to ensure that their children can have a good education, which unavoidably results in a great ____64____ (vary) of online or offline tutoring classes. What’s worse, it really discourages parents and children that the effort they have paid does little _____65_____ (help) children win an edge over others.
【答案】56. heroes
57. included
58. an 59. meaning
60. were spent
61. with 62. competitive
63. whatever
64. variety
65. to help
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“内卷”这个网络流行语。
【56题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：在过去的几年里，一些互联网流行语已经变得大众化了，包括“最美逆行者”“躺平”、“内卷”。hero为可数名词，空前没有冠词限定，所以空处应用名词复数形式表示泛指。故填heroes。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，一些互联网流行语已经变得大众化了，包括“最美逆行者”“躺平”、“内卷”。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，include与“heroes in harm’s way”；“lying flat”以及“nei juan”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填included。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一次，一位驻美国大使讲述了一个个人故事，解释了为什么政府推出了一项政策来解决内卷问题，或“内卷化”，这是一个流行词，意思是非理性或非自愿的竞争，这让人们感到筋疲力尽，然而在大多数情况下，很少有人是特别有能力的。此处表示一位驻美国大使，空处应用不定冠词，ambassador是元音音素开头的单词，前边应用an。故填an。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一次，一位驻美国大使讲述了一个个人故事，解释了为什么政府推出了一项政策来解决内卷问题，或“内卷化”，这是一个流行词，意思是非理性或非自愿的竞争，这让人们感到筋疲力尽，然而在大多数情况下，很少有人是特别有能力的。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，mean与被修饰词buzzword之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填meaning。
【60题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：他说：“我还记得大约10年前，我的周末都花在赶着孩子从一个培训学校赶到另一个培训学校，他上的课程从数学到物理都有。”主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文some 10 years ago可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为my weekends，谓语用复数。故填were spent。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：辅导课结束后，他自己还得帮儿子做作文作业。help sb. with sth.为固定短语，表示“帮助某人某事”，所以空处应用介词with。故填with。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这样的现象在我们这个竞争激烈的社会是很常见的。修饰后文名词society应用形容词competitive，作定语。故填competitive。
【63题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：很多家长非常担心孩子起步慢，所以他们宁愿竭尽所能确保孩子能接受良好的教育，这就不可避免地导致了各种各样的在线或线下辅导班。结合语意，家长宁愿做任何他们所能做的，空处应用whatever，表示“无论什么”引导宾语从句，作动词do的宾语。故填whatever。
【64题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：很多家长非常担心孩子起步慢，所以他们宁愿竭尽所能确保孩子能接受良好的教育，这就不可避免地导致了各种各样的在线或线下辅导班。结合句意表示“各种各样的”可知短语为a great variety of。故填variety。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：更糟糕的是，这真的使家长和孩子们很沮丧，因为他们付出的努力几乎没有帮助孩子们赢得优势。do little to do sth.为固定结构，表示“很少，几乎没有”，所以空处应用不定式形式。故填to help。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰好友Paul发邮件询问你的暑假计划。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1.你的计划；
2.给出理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Paul,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Paul
I’m glad to receive your e-mail in which you asked about my plans for the summer holiday. I’m willing to share them with you.
First of all, I decide to become one of the volunteers in my community, who play an important role in fighting against the pandemic. Besides, I plan to learn to cook some typical traditional Chinese foods so that I can prepare meals for my parents. More importantly, to make some preparations for the new term, I am going to search for relevant information and take several online courses.
I hope I can spend a meaningful and colorful summer holiday.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给新西兰好友Paul写一封邮件，告诉他自己的暑假计划及计划理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→happy
决定做某事：decide to do sth.→be determined to do sth.
此外：besides→what’s more
有意义的：meaningful→significant
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：More importantly, to make some preparations for the new term, I am going to search for relevant information and take several online courses.
拓展句：More importantly, I am going to search for relevant information and take several online courses in order that I can make some preparations for the new term.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to receive your e-mail in which you asked about my plans for the summer holiday.（运用了“介词in+关系代词which”引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】First of all, I decide to become one of the volunteers in my community, who play an important role in fighting against the pandemic.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was in my room, unwilling to head to the community theatre with “my brother” Henry. He was just adopted by my parents recently. I was not in the mood for being onstage with him.
“Kirstie, come here," my mom called. Following her voice, I found her outside the bathroom, holding a wet book. She gave the book a shake. "Henry's book was in the bathtub. Did you put it there?” She glared at me, something she never did before Henry came to our home. I didn't wet his book on purpose. Tears of hurt clouded my eyes. Worse still, she promised to buy him a new copy. My heart ached. Henry was stealing my mother's love. He was ruining my life.
Meanwhile, Henry was just nearby, absorbed in working on a complicated rope knot （绳结）as usual. Why did a boy like him do the girly work? Far from manly!
Soon, it was time to have to set off to the community theatre. As Henry walked ahead of us to the car, my mom took me aside and said in a low voice, "It's the first time for Henry to be onstage. Be kind to him, Honey. I nodded but sighed. Being kind didn't use to be hard. But after Henry moved in, everything felt different. The theatre used to be a special place for my parents and me. With Henry involved, it didn't seem so special any more.
Finally, it was our stage time. My heart beat wildly. I forgot my annoyance at Henry for a while. As we kids lined up, ready to act out our short play, I realized how loosely I had tied the drawstring （束带）on my skirt. Sure enough, my skirt began to drop. Laughter from the audience could be heard, and even though I was wearing shorts under my skirt, I could feel my face burst into flames. However, my hands were full. If only someone could help me out!
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Right then, Henry sensed my embarrassment.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the performance, I found Henry and tapped him on the arm gratefully.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Right then, Henry sensed my embarrassment. He immediately came to my aid. He pulled up my skirt and skillfully tied the drawstring with a beautiful knot. Seeing what Henry did for me, something deep in my mind began to change. It seemed as if my cold heart began to melt slowly and my annoyance at him gradually gave way to guilt. I regretted having treated him as a stranger. While my mind was wandering, our performance time came. It turned out a great success, thunderous applause filling the whole theatre.
After the performance, I found Henry and tapped him on the arm gratefully. “Thanks,” I said with a grateful smile on my face. I had to admit that but for his timely help, I would have been extremely embarrassed. Without his knotting skill, the performance would have been quite different. “KNOT a problem. You are my sister,” he grinned innocently, saying humorously. Surrounded by the cheerful atmosphere, I felt a flood of warmth of a big family. Maybe it wouldn’t be so bad to have a new person in my corner of the world after all.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索，主要讲述了作者因为家里新收养的孩子，觉着母亲不再关注自己，他偷了母亲对自己的爱而内心备受伤害。却在一次戏剧演出中，自己的裙子束带松了，这个男孩帮助了作者，避免了在舞台上裙子掉落的尴尬。通过这件事，作者也才意识到家里有了这个新成员也是一件不错的事。
【详解】段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在那时，亨利察觉出了我的尴尬”可知，第一段可描写亨利如何帮助作者避免尴尬。
②由第二段首句内容“演出结束后，我找到了亨利，并感激地拍了拍他的手臂”可知，第二段可描写作者对亨利的感谢。
2.续写线索：裙子束带松了，察觉尴尬——帮助系紧，避免尴尬——内心被温暖——演出后表示感谢——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
帮助：give me a hand / come to my aid
改变：change、alter
情绪类
不高兴：unwilling / was not in the mood / annoyance /clouded my eyes
后悔：regret/feel sorry for
【点睛】[高分句型1] It seemed as if my cold heart began to melt slowly and my annoyance at him gradually gave way to guilt.该句as if 引导表语从句。and连接两个并列结构。使用高分词汇give way to。
[高分句型2] It turned out a great success, thunderous applause filling the whole theatre.该句是复合句。后半句是独立主格结构。使用高分词汇turn out。
[高分句型3] Without his knotting skill, the performance would have been quite different.该句使用虚拟语气。without“没有……”，对过去的虚拟，主句谓语用would have done结构。
莆田一中2021-2022学年度下学期期末考试试卷
高一 英语 必修三
（时间：120分钟 满分150）
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级和准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the price of a ticket now?
A. $10. B. $18. C. $20.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Good morning, sir. The original price of one ticket was $20, and there is a 10% discount these days.
M: Well, I’ll take one.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is Amanda doing?
A. Making a call. B. Filling in a form. C. Getting her package.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Are you coming to pick up your package? You need to tell me your name and phone number.
W: Yes. My name is Amanda Wilson, and my phone number is …
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A tool. B. A pill. C. A box.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: What’s this, Roger? Is it a small box for storing medicine?
M: Nope, it’s a tool for cutting a pill into two pieces. My grandma only needs half of a pill each time.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the woman do next?
A. Download an app. B. Take a picture. C. Advertise an app.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Do you know this app can exchange the faces of two people in a picture when they are taking a photo for themselves together?
W: Wow, that’s amazing. I can’t wait to try it. Tell me the name of this app, and I’ll look it up in the app store on my phone right away.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Grandfather and granddaughter.
B. Shop assistant and customer.
C. Husband and wife.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Come and see what I bought, dear. It’s a movable clothes hanger. Grandpa can use it easily. You know our old one is out of his reach. Sometimes when he lives with us, it’s inconvenient for him.
M: How kind you are!
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In an office. B. In Jeffery’s house. C. In a gym.
7. Who is Nick?
A. Daisy’s husband. B. Daisy’s colleague. C. Daisy’s manager.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: How about another piece of pie, Daisy?
W: I’m full, thank you for your wonderful dinner, Jeffery.
M: You’re welcome. You drank a little wine tonight. Why not spend the night here?
W: Never mind. I’ll call my husband to pick me up.
M: That’s all right. It’s been a while since I saw Nick last time. He took your son Mack to take part in the team building activity of our department, right?
W: Yep, he and our manager won first place in rock climbing.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What are the speakers going to do this Sunday?
A. Buy a book. B. Go to the top of a tower. C. Pay a visit to a bookstore.
9. Why does the woman think the bookstore is special?
A. It’s quite high.
B. It looks like a cloud.
C. It’s the most popular bookstore in Shanghai.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Have you heard about Duoyun Books?
M: Of course, it’s the highest bookstore in Shanghai. I haven’t been there yet, though it was opened a couple of years ago. It has attracted a lot of people so far.
W: How about going there this Sunday? It must be worth a visit.
M: OK.
W: Do you know how high it is?
M: Huh, I have no idea. But I heard that it’s located on the 52nd floor of Shanghai Tower.
W: Yeah. It presents an amazing view of Shanghai from a height of 239 meters.
M: Ah, it’s so high.
W: That’s why people call it “a bookstore above the clouds”. It’s special. You can look up at the clouds, and look down at a book.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. How does the woman sound at first?
A. Worried. B. Annoyed. C. Confident.
11. What do we know about the woman?
A. She got the first question right. B. She likes apples best. C. She has a small baby.
12. What does the man ask the woman to do in the end?
A Take a rest. B. Raise questions. C. Answer another question.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Are you willing to have a quiz?
W: Sure, go ahead. I’m ready to get full marks.
M: The first one: Why can an apple float on the surface of the water?
W: Hmm … Let me see I learned that in the physics class. Because it consists of 25% air or so.
M: Bingo! You got it. Next one: Normally, what is directly related to the number of breaths you take?
W: It’s a tough one. Is it connected with the gender?
M: The correct answer is age. Of course, there’re many other factors, but age is a direct one. For example, babies take more breaths than adults because their lungs aren’t fully developed and they need to take more breaths to keep themselves alive and healthy.
W: Hey, I learn a lot from you.
M: Now it’s your turn to ask questions.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. When will the speakers get to the town?
A. At 8:30 a.m. B. At 11:30 a.m. C. At 12:00 a.m.
14. What impresses the man most about the chocolate in the town?
A. Its price. B. Its production. C. Its taste.
15. What will the man do after arriving home?
A. Watch a film. B. Eat chocolate. C. Rent a car.
16. What is the man’s favorite food?
A. Bread. B. Pineapples. C. Popcorn.
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: We’ll be at Munich Airport at 8:30 a.m.
M: Yeah, I plan to take you to a special town. Can you guess?
W: Hmm … I haven’t got a clue.
M: It’s about something you like to eat.
W: Bread or pineapples?
M: No, what’s your favorite food?
W: Ah, chocolate!
M: Yes. The town is called Lauenstein. I can rent a car and then drive you there. It’ll take us 3 hours and a half from the airport to that town.
W: Oh, it’s a bit far.
M: But believe me, you’ll absolutely love it. The town is also called “Chocolate Town” because it is rich in chocolate.
W: I’m starting to get interested.
M: Chocolate there is very delicious. Best of all, it is handmade, which gives me a good impression.
W: I’m eager to try some. And I’ll definitely bring a great deal of them home.
M: Ha-ha. Actually, it reminds me of a famous movie Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. After getting home, I want to watch it again. And it’s perfect to watch it with my favorite popcorn.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What does the phrase “Joe Blow” refer to?
A. A cup of coffee. B. A common person. C. A man who believes in nothing.
18. Which phrase’s history is mentioned by the speaker?
A. A John Hancock. B. Jeez Louise. C. For Pete’s sake.
19. What will be discussed next week?
A. The history of coffee.
B. Expressions related to human body.
C. Ways to describe a surprising event.
20. What does the speaker do?
A. She is a waitress. B. She is a teacher. C. She is a hostess.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】A person’s name is very important. Do you know some names also have special meanings in American expressions? Now, please listen to me carefully, and you may even want to get “a cup of Joe”. I mean, a cup of coffee. Here is another phrase about Joe. “An average Joe” refers to an ordinary person. Besides, “Joe Blow” and “John Q. Public” have the same meaning. Now let’s move on to another name: Thomas. It means someone who doesn’t believe anything. If you want to express a feeling of surprise, what will you say? Today I can tell you two special phrases: “Jeez Louise” and “for Pete’s sake”. And the last one: “a John Hancock” is a person’s signed name. Historically, John Hancock was one of the signers of The Declaration of Independence. Hancock had a beautiful signature and signed his name larger than all the others. Well, in next Friday’s show, let’s talk about some phrases that are connected with people’s bodies, such as hands, eyes and feet.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Four best tourist attractions named by Lonely Planet for 2022
Nepal
When people discuss Nepal, it’s impossible not to talk about Mount Everest. But this Himalayan nation has so much more on offer for travelers who aren’t climbing the world’s highest mountain.
In the lonely region of Mustang, which means “rich plain”, tourists can explore the high desert and meet locals at homestays along the way, dining on Nepali specialties.
Mauritius
Mauritius is in the Indian Ocean about 700 miles east of Madagascar. Here are some reasons for visiting this underrated African getaway. It’s inhabited by a multiracial, peaceful people, covered in great golf courses, offering various water sports, an old colonial capital, great food, one of the world’s best gardens, good nightlife and great sightseeing.
Norway
Norway always lies on the list of the world’s happiest countries. So what’s the secret? Mette-Marit, one of the country’s royals, has one answer:“We love being outside in nature.”
If you want to take in that peaceful energy for yourself, head to Bkeskogen, the world’s northernmost beech forest.
Cook Islands
This group of 15 islands in the South Pacific was at the top of many Lonely Planet workers’ wish lists for 2022 and beyond.
What’s on offer? Water-centric activities like snorkeling, diving and fishing, not to mention a look at the native Maori community in Te Vara Nui Village.
21. What can tourists do in Nepal?
A. Play golf. B. Explore a desert.
C. Co diving and fishing. D. Visit ancient buildings.
22. What contributes to the people’s happiness most in Norway?
A. Great sightseeing. B. Peaceful energy.
C. The world’s best garden. D. Great enjoyment in nature.
23. What do Mauritius and Cook Islands have in common?
A. They offer water sports. B. They lie in the Indian Ocean.
C. They have great beech forest. D. They have many different races.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了《孤独星球》评选出的2022年四大最佳旅游景点。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Nepal中关键句“In the lonely region of Mustang, which means “rich plain”, tourists can explore the high desert and meet locals at homestays along the way, dining on Nepali specialties.”（在荒凉的姆斯唐地区，意思是“富饶的平原”，游客可以探索高沙漠，并在沿途的民宿与当地人见面，品尝尼泊尔特色美食。）可知，在尼泊尔，人们可以探索沙漠。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Norway中关键句“Mette-Marit, one of the country’s royals, has one answer:“We love being outside in nature.””（英国王室成员梅特·玛丽特的回答只有一个：“我们喜欢户外的大自然。”）可知，在挪威，享受大自然最能给人们带来幸福。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Mauritius中关键句“It’s inhabited by a multiracial, peaceful people, covered in great golf courses, offering various water sports, an old colonial capital, great food, one of the world’s best gardens, good nightlife and great sightseeing.”（这里居住着一个多种族、爱好和平的民族，有很棒的高尔夫球场，提供各种水上运动，一个古老的殖民首都，美味的食物，世界上最好的花园之一，美好的夜生活和绝佳的观光。）及Cook Islands中关键句“Water-centric activities like snorkeling, diving and fishing, not to mention a look at the native Maori community in Te Vara Nui Village.”（提供什么？ 以水为中心的活动，比如浮潜、潜水和钓鱼，更不用说去看看Te Vara Nui村当地的毛利人社区了。）可知，毛里求斯和库克群岛都提供水上运动。故选A项。
B
In American English, when someone says he has to “face the music”, it doesn’t mean he is going to a musical performance or a concert.
Imagine a friend asks you to take care of her beautiful sports car. She says, “Please don’t drive it. It’s an extremely fast car.” But you want to pretend the car is yours. So, you drive it around one night. As bad luck would have it, you lose control of the car and drive it into a stop sign. When your friend returns, you must “face the music”. It can be losing her friendship or paying for repairs to her car or both.
In 1851, the writer James Fenimore explained “face the music”. In a theater the orchestra (管弦乐队)sits in front of the stage. So, the actors on stage face the musicians. Many actors are very nervous, and this condition is called “stage fright”. They may want to run away. “Facing the music” means accepting it and not giving in to it.
Word experts say “face the music” may come from the army. A soldier could be forced out of the horse cavalry (骑兵团)because of the serious mistake in the war. The army drummers would play a sad beat. The soldier would be seated backward on a horse and face the music of the drums.
To “take your medicine” is to accept the bad result from something you have done. And if someone says, “You made your bed. Now lie in it.”he means you create a bad situation and you must deal with it. “Pay the piper” is also similar to “face the music”. But it’s fun to “lie in the bed and enjoy music”.
There are many idioms(习语)in the English language, whose real meanings are largely based on the context. Don’t read only with your eyes, or you would make a fool of yourself.
24. In Paragraph 2, “face the music” probably means________.
A. accept the bad result B. go to a concert
C. refuse to repair the car D. pretend the car is yours
25. What can we know about the soldier in the text?
A. He wanted to be a cavalry officer.
B. He would play the drum in the army.
C. He must have done something terrible.
D. He would be punished by the army drummers.
26. Which is different from the other expressions in meaning?
A. Pay the piper.
B Take your medicine.
C. Lie in the bed and enjoy music.
D. You made your bed. Now lie in it.
27. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. The great fun of learning English idioms.
B. The origins of some useful English idioms.
C. Some interesting stories from English idioms.
D. Understanding English idioms in the context.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一些英语习语，并告诉我们应在语境中理解它们。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It can be losing her friendship or paying for repairs to her car or both.”（可能是失去她的友谊，或者支付她的汽车修理费，或者两者兼而有之）可知，“face the music”在第二段中表示“接受坏的结果”。故选A项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“A soldier could be forced out of the horse cavalry because of the serious mistake in the war. The army drummers would play a sad beat. The soldier would be seated backward on a horse and face the music of the drums.”（一名士兵可能因为战争中的严重错误而被迫退出骑兵部队。军队的鼓手会演奏悲伤的节拍。士兵会向后坐在马上，面对着鼓声）可知，士兵一定做了糟糕的错事。故选C项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“To “take your medicine” is to accept the bad result from something you have done. And if someone says, “You made your bed. Now lie in it.”he means you create a bad situation and you must deal with it. “Pay the piper” is also similar to “face the music”. But it’s fun to “lie in the bed and enjoy music”.”（“take your medicine”是接受你所做的事情带来的坏结果。如果有人说“You made your bed. Now lie in it.”他的意思是你制造了一个糟糕的局面，你必须处理它。“Pay the piper”和“face the music”也很相似。但“lie in the bed and enjoy music”很有趣）可知，Pay the piper.，Take your medicine.及You made your bed. Now lie in it.均为消极含义，而Lie in the bed and enjoy music.为积极含义。可知，C含义与其它选项含义不同。故选C项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“There are many idioms in the English language, whose real meanings are largely based on the context.”（英语中有许多习语，它们的真正含义很大程度上取决于语境）及全文内容可知，本文介绍了英语中的一些习语，并告诉了我们这些习语在特定语境下的真正含义，因此，这篇文章主要讲在语境中理解英语习语。故选D项。
C
Many people dream of going into space, but until recently only professional astronauts had that privilege. That all changed in 2022, with successful first missions for several space tourism companies.
First off the runway, in early July, was Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic company. Its spaceship, called VSS Unity, took four passengers and two pilots on a trip to the edge of space, where they experienced weightlessness and saw the Earth from above.
Unity has a fully reusable design--it is carried to a height of 9. 5 miles under a larger “mothership” plane called Eve. It is then released before firing its own rockets to reach its maximum height of 53 miles. As it begins to fall, its wings turn around so that it floats down slowly like a shuttlecock (羽毛球), before levelling out and flying back to land like a normal aeroplane. Virgin Galactic hopes to begin regular flights in 2023.
Less than two weeks later, Amazon founder Jeff Bezos’s New Shepard rocket made its first flight, launching a space capsule with four passengers to an altitude of 66 miles. Among those on board were Bezos himself and 82-year-old Wally Funk, a pioneering female pilot who trained for NASA’s Mercury programme in the early 1960s but had waited 60 years for her chance to go into space. Funk became the oldest person to fly in space but only held that record until October, when 90-year-old actor William Shatner flew on the second New Shepard launch. Shatner played Captain Kirk in the Star Trek TV series and films.
In September, the Inspiration 4 mission carried four ordinary people into orbit around Earth. The launch was the first private passenger flight for Elon Musk’s SpaceX company, using a Dragon spacecraft that is also used for NASA missions. Designed to raise awareness and funds for St Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, US, the mission was paid for by billionaire Jared Isaacman. He was joined on the three-day flight by medical researcher Hayley Arceneaux, competition winner Dr Sian Proctor and hospital supporter ChrisSembroski.
28. What can we know about VSS Unity?
A. It can be used several times. B. It has started normal flights.
C. It takes off from the ground. D. It touches down like a shuttlecock.
29. What does “it” refer to in Paragraph3?
A. Eve. B. a shuttlecock. C. an aeroplane. D. Unity.
30. Who is the latest person to go into space according to the passage?
A. Hayley Arceneaux. B. William Shatner. C. Jeff Bezos. D. Wally Funk.
31. Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A. New spacecrafts will weigh increasingly light.
B. Old people are more suitable to have space travel.
C. Ordinary people can go into space in the near future.
D. Space travel missions can meet the demand for hospitals.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了2022年，几家太空旅游公司成功完成了首批将除了职业宇航员外的其他人送入太空的任务。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段第一句“Unity has a fully reusable design.( Unity拥有完全可重复使用的设计)”可知Unity可以重复使用。故选A项。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第三段第一句“Unity has a fully reusable design--it is carried to a height of 9. 5 miles under a larger mothership plane called Eve. ( Unity有一个完全可重用的设计——它的高度为9，在一架名为Eve的大型母舰飞机下5英里。)”可知前面讲了Unity高度为9，在在一架名为Eve的大型母舰飞机下5英里。由此可以推断，本句中“It is then released before firing its own rockets to reach its maximum height of 53 miles.”的“It”指代的是前文提到的Unity。故选D项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段“Funk became the oldest person to fly in space but only held that record until October, when 90-year-old actor William Shatner flew on the second New Shepard launch. (芬克成为太空飞行年龄最大的人，但直到今年10月，90岁的演员威廉·夏特纳(William Shatner)进行了第二次新谢泼德(New Shepard)发射，这项纪录才被打破。)”可知今年10月，William Shatner打破了纪录，说明他是最近进入太空的人。故选B项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“In September, the Inspiration 4 mission carried four ordinary people into orbit around Earth….Designed to raise awareness and funds for St Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, US, the mission was paid for by billionaire Jared Isaacman. (9月，灵感4号任务将4名普通人送入地球轨道…该项目旨在为美国孟菲斯的圣犹大儿童研究医院提高认识，并筹集资金，由亿万富翁贾里德·艾萨克曼支付。)”可知今年9月，4名普通人进入了地球轨道，同时这个项目就是为了筹集资金。由此推断，将来普通人也可以进入太空。故选C项。
D
If you were to throw, say, a banana peel out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that it’s part of a fruit, right? Actually, no. A banana peel can take up two years to decompose (分解), and with a third of motorists admitting to littering while driving, that’s a whole lot of waste banana peels, or much worse. An orange peel and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading (生物降解) term to that of a banana, but tin and aluminum (铝) cans last up to100 years; and plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles and plastic bags.
Despite the fact that longer-lasting materials will serve to damage the environment, we can’t only measure the severity (严重) of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime. For example, despite having a fairly short biodegrading span, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is thrown in the UK every day. Similarly, our regular littering here and there has caused the UK’s mouse population to increase by 60 million. This suddenly isn’t so mysterious when you consider that since the 1960s our annual littering has increased by an astonishing 500 percent.
It’s not a cheap habit either: UK taxpayers spent £500 million on keeping the streets clean. So, it’s not surprising that if caught fly-tipping, you could face a £20, 000 fine. Regardless of how severe the punishment might seem, however, among the reported cases only 2, 000 were punished out of 825, 000, so we still have some way to go in making sure people obey the rules.
To take back our beautiful cities, we need to do more than simply not leaving rubbish where it ought not to be. We need to care more about the world around us.
32. Which of the following is the easiest to decompose in the passage?
A. A glass bottle. B. A plastic bag. C. An aluminum can. D. An orange peel.
33. What can we know from paragraph 2?
A. Annual littering has increased a little in the UK since the 1960s.
B. Shorter-lasting materials will be less harmful to the environment.
C. Cigarette-related littering is a severe environmental problem in the UK.
D. Regular littering has caused the UK’s mouse population to reach 60 million.
34. Which of the following can best describe the UK’s punishment on littering?
A. Every little helps. B. More haste, less speed.
C. No pain, no gain. D. A drop in the bucket.
35. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Littering, a Surprisingly Big Issue
B. Environment Issues, a Big Concern
C. Rubbish Collection, an Urgent Task
D. Long-lasting Material, a Hidden Danger
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同的垃圾降解需要的时间不同，以此来号召人们合法扔垃圾。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“A banana peel can take up two years to decompose… An orange peel and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading term to that of a banana, but tin and aluminum cans last up to100 years; and plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles and plastic bags.(香蕉皮需要两年的时间才能分解……橙子皮和烟蒂的生物降解与香蕉相似，但锡罐和铝罐可达100年；塑料瓶可以永久保存，玻璃瓶和塑料袋也是如此。)”可知橙子皮和香蕉皮相似，需要2年可以分解，铝罐需要100年才可以分解，玻璃瓶、塑料袋和塑料瓶一样，可以永久保存，因此香蕉皮是最容易分解的。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“despite having a fairly short biodegrading span, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is thrown in the UK every day.(尽管生物降解时间很短，但英国每天仍有超过120吨与香烟相关垃圾被丢弃。)”可知英国每天仍有超过120吨与香烟相关的垃圾被丢弃，C选项“Cigarette-related littering is a severe environmental problem in the UK(在英国，与香烟相关的乱扔垃圾是一个严重的环境问题)”符合文意。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“Regardless of how severe the punishment might seem, however, among the reported cases only 2, 000 were punished out of 825, 000, so we still have some way to go in making sure people obey the rules.(然而，不管处罚看起来有多严厉，在报告的82.5万起案件中，只有2000起受到了处罚，因此，在确保人们遵守规则方面，我们还有一段路要走。)”可知在报告的82.5万起案件中，只有2000起受到了处罚，说明处罚的力度不够强。D选项“A drop in the bucket (九牛一毛)”符合文意。故选D项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第一段“If you were to throw, say, a banana peel out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that it’s part of a fruit, right? Actually, no.(如果你在高速公路上开车时从车里扔出一个香蕉皮，那将是一个完全无害的行为，因为它是水果的一部分，对吧？事实上，不是)”及最后一段“To take back our beautiful cities, we need to do more than simply not leaving rubbish where it ought not to be. We need to care more about the world around us.(为了夺回我们美丽的城市，我们需要做的不仅仅是不把垃圾留在不该留在的地方。我们需要更多地关心我们周围的世界)”可知，本文主要讲乱扔垃圾是一个大问题，这种行为造成的影响不容忽视，因此我们不能乱扔。A项“乱扔垃圾，一个令人惊讶的大问题”可以作为本文标题。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Learning to Manage Your Time
The principles below are about effective time management. Think of time management techniques as tools to help you do what you value best. ____36____
Commitment — If you can’t promise to devote time to a task, don’t put it in your schedule. ____37____ If you don’t actually stick to your schedule, it will soon become useless.
One thing at a time — Current research shows us that multi-tasking is untrue. When switching between tasks, we pay a time cost: It takes time to get mentally back into the task, thus making us less efficient. ____38____ This depth is necessary where you are expected to gain a deeper understanding.
Response — In the moment of decision-making, when faced with other things which are not included in the schedule, take a moment to think and respond. ____39____ For example, if exercise is a top priority for you, don’t let a sudden fear about a grade prevent you from exercising. You can reduce the amount of exercise time, but don’t cut it out. Don’t let “mind games” get in the way.
Flexibility — ____40____ Don’t schedule every hour of the day. Leave empty time and schedule in entertainment time. Create two or three hours on Friday as a catch-all makeup time. When things come up and you are deciding whether to differ from your established schedule, look for future hours and days to see where you can make up lost time.
A. Be brief when making your schedule.
B. How do you combine flexibility with your schedule?
C. When switching we also lose the depth of our engagement.
D. Try to keep the principles in mind as you schedule your time.
E. Switch blocks of time so that your schedule shows your new commitment.
F. Remember what’s most important to you and do what will help you get it.
G. Creating a schedule you can’t actually keep is setting yourself up for frustration.
【答案】36. D 37. G 38. C 39. F 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要提出了一些时间管理的原则。
【36题详解】
根据上文“The principles below are about effective time management. Think of time management techniques as tools to help you do what you value best.(下面的原则是关于有效的时间管理。把时间管理技巧看作是帮助你做你最看重的事情的工具)”结合后文详细说明了这些原则，D选项中the principles对应上文中The principles。故D选项“当你安排时间时，尽量记住这些原则”符合语境，故选D。
【37题详解】
根据上文“If you can’t promise to devote time to a task, don’t put it in your schedule.(如果你不能保证花时间完成一项任务，就不要把它列入你的日程表)”以及后文“If you don’t actually stick to your schedule, it will soon become useless.(如果你不坚持你的时间表，它很快就会变得无用)”可知，前后文都提到了无法保证坚持时间表的问题，即本句是在说明制定了实际上无法遵守的时间表会导致的问题，故G选项“制定一个你实际上无法遵守的时间表会让自己陷入沮丧”符合语境，故选G。
【38题详解】
根据上文“When switching between tasks, we pay a time cost: It takes time to get mentally back into the task, thus making us less efficient.(在不同任务之间切换时，我们付出了时间代价：我们需要花时间来重新回到任务中，从而降低了效率)”可知，上文提到了在不同的任务之间切换，C选项中switching对应上文中switching。故C选项“当切换时，我们也失去了参与的深度”符合语境，说明切换带来的不良后果。故选C。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Response — In the moment of decision-making, when faced with other things which are not included in the schedule, take a moment to think and respond.(回应——在做决定的时候，当面对计划之外的事情时，花点时间思考和回应)”以及后文“For example, if exercise is a top priority for you, don’t let a sudden fear about a grade prevent you from exercising. You can reduce the amount of exercise time, but don’t cut it out. Don’t let “mind games” get in the way.(例如，如果锻炼是你的首要任务，不要让对成绩的突然恐惧阻止你锻炼。你可以减少锻炼时间，但不要停止。不要让“心理游戏”成为阻碍)”可知，后文提到了锻炼是首要任务，就不要担心成绩，即强调记住最重要的是什么，故F选项“记住对你来说最重要的是什么，并做能帮助你得到它的事情”符合语境，故选F。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Flexibility(灵活性)”以及后文“Don’t schedule every hour of the day. Leave empty time and schedule in entertainment time. Create two or three hours on Friday as a catch-all makeup time. When things come up and you are deciding whether to differ from your established schedule, look for future hours and days to see where you can make up lost time.(不要把一天中的每一个小时都安排好。留出空闲时间，安排娱乐时间。周五腾出两三个小时来化妆。当事情发生时，你正在决定是否要与既定的计划有所不同，看看未来的几个小时或几天，看看哪些地方可以弥补失去的时间)”可知，本段主要强调了灵活性，B选项中flexibility对应上文中Flexibility。故B选项“你是如何将灵活性和你的时间表结合起来的？”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When the host announced that my choir (合唱队) won the second place of the World Choir Game, I couldn't believe what I heard. All the ____41____ that we made was worthwhile. Through this unforgotten experience, I ____42____ much.
In the semi-finals (半决赛) , we were supposed to sing four songs. When we played the third song, I suddenly heard an unexpected ____43____—a girl in the alto (女低音)got quick. The other students in the alto were ____44____ by the girl and were getting quicker and quicker. Our choir's leader, Mrs Li noticed it and ____45____ used her hand to keep time, but she ____46____.
After the song, the smile on Mrs Li's face froze and some of our members turned and tried to find the person who first got ____47____. My mind was blank, but quickly I realized the only thing we could do was to ____48____ the performance. Then with a smile, Mrs Li became a ____49____ again, who seemed to have totally forgot what we had done. We sang the ____50____ song as usual.
After the competition, I was disappointed. Just because of one person's fault, the whole choir must afford the fact that we might lose the game. I cried, but then I found nothing would change no matter how hard we ____51____ the girl who played poorly. ____52____, I came to her, encouraged her, and practiced the whole melody with her. In the finals, we got the medal because of our ____53____ performance.
Never blame a person when she makes a mistake, but help her to solve the problem when you are struggling ____54____ the same goal. No matter what you will experience with others in the future, successes or failures, ____55____ or tears, these will surely become your precious treasure and memory.
41. A. promises B. efforts C. requirement D. differences
42. A. considered B. forgot C. learned D. explained
43. A. name B. shout C. voice D. song
44. A. driven away B. led away C. given out D. turned down
45. A. similarly B. easily C. happily D. immediately
46. A. failed B. succeeded C. arrived D. agreed
47. A. busy B. wrong C. warm D. slow
48. A. quit B. stop C. complete D. end
49. A. conductor B. singer C. dancer D. worker
50. A. late B. only C. first D. last
51. A. blamed B. encouraged C. called D. asked
52. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. However D. Besides
53. A. bad B. common C. perfect D. rude
54. A. up B. onto C. toward D. in
55. A. mistake B. surprise C. sadness D. laughter
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过在一次合唱比赛时意外失误，没有去责怪那个犯错的人而是和她一起练习，最后取得成功的故事，告诉我们：当为了同一个目标奋斗时，不要去责备一个人，而是要去帮助他解决问题。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们所有的努力都有了意义。A. promises承诺，诺言；B. efforts努力；C. requirement要求；D. differences不同。根据前文“When the host announced that my choir won the second place of the World Choir Game, I couldn't believe what I heard.”（当主持人宣布我的合唱团获得世界合唱比赛第二名时，我简直不敢相信）可知，此处是指“我”们所有的努力都有了意义。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这次难忘的经历，我学到了很多。A. considered考虑；B. forgot忘记；C. learned学习；D. explained解释。根据最后一段“Never blame a person when she makes a mistake, but help her to solve the problem when you are struggling 14 the same … ”（当一个人犯错时，永远不要责怪她，而要在你们为同一个目标而奋斗时，帮助她解决问题）可知，这是“我”从这次难忘的经历中学到的道理。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们唱第三首歌时，我突然听到一个意想不到的嗓音。A. name名字；B. shout呼喊；C. voice嗓音；D. song歌曲。根据“a girl in the alto( 女低音) got quick. ”可知此处指“嗓音”，故选C。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：女中音里的其他同学都被那个女孩带错了，他们越来越快了。A. driven away赶走；B. led away引走；C. given out分发，发出；D. turned down减小，关小。根据“were getting quicker and quicker”可知，女中音里的其他同学都被那个女孩带错了。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们唱诗班的领队李老师注意到了这一点，立即用手来合拍子，但她没能做到。A. similarly同样的，类似的；B. easily容易地；C. happily快乐地；D. immediately立刻，马上。根据“Mrs Li noticed it”可知，领队李老师注意到了节奏过快之后必定是立即用手来合拍子。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. failed失败；B. succeeded成功；C. arrived到达；D. agreed同意。根据下一段的描述，特别是第一句“李老师脸上的笑容凝固了”可知，李老师没能把大家带到正确的调上来，故选A。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唱完歌后，李老师脸上的笑容凝固了，我们的一些成员转过身来，试图找出第一个唱错的人。A. busy忙碌的；B. wrong错误的；C. warm温暖的；D. slow缓慢的。根据“tried to find the person”可知，此处是指在唱完歌后成员们试图找出第一个唱错的人。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的脑子一片空白，但很快我意识到我们唯一能做的就是完成整个过程。A. quit离开；B. stop停止；C. complete完成；D. end结束。根据后文“ We sang the 10 song as usual. ”（我们像往常一样唱最后一首歌）可知，此处是指他们继续完成整个过程。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，李老师微笑着又当上了指挥，她似乎完全忘记了我们所做的一切。A. conductor指挥；B. singer歌手；C. dancer舞蹈家；D. worker工人。根据后文“who seemed to have totally forgot what we had done. ”可知，此处是指李老师微笑着又当上了指挥。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们像往常一样唱最后一支歌。A. late晚的，最近的；B. only唯一的；C. first第一，首先；D. last最后的。根据“After the competition”可知此处指“最后一支歌”，故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是后来我发现无论我们怎么责怪那个唱的不好的女孩，都不会改变结果。A. blamed责怪；B. encouraged鼓励；C. called打电话；D. asked问。根据“he girl who played poorly”可知，此处指“责怪那个唱的不好的女孩”，故选A。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此,我走近她，鼓励她，和她练习整个旋律。A. Otherwise否则；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Besides此外。根据上文语境，因为无论怎么责怪那个唱的不好的女孩，都不会改变结果，因此，走近她，鼓励她，和她练习整个旋律，故选B。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在决赛中，因为我们表现完美，获得了奖牌。A. bad坏的；B. common共同的；C. perfect完美的；D. rude粗鲁的。根据“we got the medal ”可知，最后我们获得了奖牌，说明我们表现得很完美，故选C。
【54题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：当你们在为同一个目标奋斗时，不要去责备一个人，而要帮助她解决问题。A. up在…之上；B. onto面向；C. toward为了，朝着；D. in在……里边。根据“the same goal ”可知，朝着同一个目标奋斗，故选C。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你将来在别人身上经历什么，成功或失败，欢笑或泪水，这些都将成为你宝贵的财富和记忆。A. mistake错误；B. surprise惊奇；C. sadness悲哀；D. laughter笑，笑声。根据后文“or tears”可知，or前后词义相反，所以此处是指欢笑或泪水。故选D。
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For the past few years, several Internet buzzwords (流行语) have gone popular, “ ____56____ (hero) in harm’s way, “lying flat”, “nei juan” ____57____ (include). Once ____58____ ambassador to the United States told a personal story to explain why the government introduced a policy to deal with nei juan, or “involution”, a buzzword ____59____ (mean) irrational(非理性的) or involuntary competition, which makes people feel burned out.
“I still remember some 10 years ago, my weekends ____60____ (spend) rushing my kid from one training school to another, and the courses he took ranged from math to physics,” he said. And after a whole day of classes, a tutor came to his home in the evening. When the tutoring session finished, he himself still had to help his son ____61____ his composition homework.
Such a phenomenon is very common in our ____62____ (compete) society. Many parents are extremely afraid that their children will get off to a slow start, so they would rather do ____63____ they can to ensure that their children can have a good education, which unavoidably results in a great ____64____ (vary) of online or offline tutoring classes. What’s worse, it really discourages parents and children that the effort they have paid does little _____65_____ (help) children win an edge over others.
【答案】56. heroes
57. included
58. an 59. meaning
60. were spent
61. with 62. competitive
63. whatever
64. variety
65. to help
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“内卷”这个网络流行语。
【56题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：在过去的几年里，一些互联网流行语已经变得大众化了，包括“最美逆行者”“躺平”、“内卷”。hero为可数名词，空前没有冠词限定，所以空处应用名词复数形式表示泛指。故填heroes。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，一些互联网流行语已经变得大众化了，包括“最美逆行者”“躺平”、“内卷”。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，include与“heroes in harm’s way”；“lying flat”以及“nei juan”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填included。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一次，一位驻美国大使讲述了一个个人故事，解释了为什么政府推出了一项政策来解决内卷问题，或“内卷化”，这是一个流行词，意思是非理性或非自愿的竞争，这让人们感到筋疲力尽，然而在大多数情况下，很少有人是特别有能力的。此处表示一位驻美国大使，空处应用不定冠词，ambassador是元音音素开头的单词，前边应用an。故填an。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一次，一位驻美国大使讲述了一个个人故事，解释了为什么政府推出了一项政策来解决内卷问题，或“内卷化”，这是一个流行词，意思是非理性或非自愿的竞争，这让人们感到筋疲力尽，然而在大多数情况下，很少有人是特别有能力的。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，mean与被修饰词buzzword之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填meaning。
【60题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：他说：“我还记得大约10年前，我的周末都花在赶着孩子从一个培训学校赶到另一个培训学校，他上的课程从数学到物理都有。”主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文some 10 years ago可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为my weekends，谓语用复数。故填were spent。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：辅导课结束后，他自己还得帮儿子做作文作业。help sb. with sth.为固定短语，表示“帮助某人某事”，所以空处应用介词with。故填with。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这样的现象在我们这个竞争激烈的社会是很常见的。修饰后文名词society应用形容词competitive，作定语。故填competitive。
【63题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：很多家长非常担心孩子起步慢，所以他们宁愿竭尽所能确保孩子能接受良好的教育，这就不可避免地导致了各种各样的在线或线下辅导班。结合语意，家长宁愿做任何他们所能做的，空处应用whatever，表示“无论什么”引导宾语从句，作动词do的宾语。故填whatever。
【64题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：很多家长非常担心孩子起步慢，所以他们宁愿竭尽所能确保孩子能接受良好的教育，这就不可避免地导致了各种各样的在线或线下辅导班。结合句意表示“各种各样的”可知短语为a great variety of。故填variety。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：更糟糕的是，这真的使家长和孩子们很沮丧，因为他们付出的努力几乎没有帮助孩子们赢得优势。do little to do sth.为固定结构，表示“很少，几乎没有”，所以空处应用不定式形式。故填to help。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰好友Paul发邮件询问你的暑假计划。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1.你的计划；
2.给出理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Paul,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Paul
I’m glad to receive your e-mail in which you asked about my plans for the summer holiday. I’m willing to share them with you.
First of all, I decide to become one of the volunteers in my community, who play an important role in fighting against the pandemic. Besides, I plan to learn to cook some typical traditional Chinese foods so that I can prepare meals for my parents. More importantly, to make some preparations for the new term, I am going to search for relevant information and take several online courses.
I hope I can spend a meaningful and colorful summer holiday.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给新西兰好友Paul写一封邮件，告诉他自己的暑假计划及计划理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→happy
决定做某事：decide to do sth.→be determined to do sth.
此外：besides→what’s more
有意义的：meaningful→significant
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：More importantly, to make some preparations for the new term, I am going to search for relevant information and take several online courses.
拓展句：More importantly, I am going to search for relevant information and take several online courses in order that I can make some preparations for the new term.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to receive your e-mail in which you asked about my plans for the summer holiday.（运用了“介词in+关系代词which”引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】First of all, I decide to become one of the volunteers in my community, who play an important role in fighting against the pandemic.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was in my room, unwilling to head to the community theatre with “my brother” Henry. He was just adopted by my parents recently. I was not in the mood for being onstage with him.
“Kirstie, come here," my mom called. Following her voice, I found her outside the bathroom, holding a wet book. She gave the book a shake. "Henry's book was in the bathtub. Did you put it there?” She glared at me, something she never did before Henry came to our home. I didn't wet his book on purpose. Tears of hurt clouded my eyes. Worse still, she promised to buy him a new copy. My heart ached. Henry was stealing my mother's love. He was ruining my life.
Meanwhile, Henry was just nearby, absorbed in working on a complicated rope knot （绳结）as usual. Why did a boy like him do the girly work? Far from manly!
Soon, it was time to have to set off to the community theatre. As Henry walked ahead of us to the car, my mom took me aside and said in a low voice, "It's the first time for Henry to be onstage. Be kind to him, Honey. I nodded but sighed. Being kind didn't use to be hard. But after Henry moved in, everything felt different. The theatre used to be a special place for my parents and me. With Henry involved, it didn't seem so special any more.
Finally, it was our stage time. My heart beat wildly. I forgot my annoyance at Henry for a while. As we kids lined up, ready to act out our short play, I realized how loosely I had tied the drawstring （束带）on my skirt. Sure enough, my skirt began to drop. Laughter from the audience could be heard, and even though I was wearing shorts under my skirt, I could feel my face burst into flames. However, my hands were full. If only someone could help me out!
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Right then, Henry sensed my embarrassment.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the performance, I found Henry and tapped him on the arm gratefully.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Right then, Henry sensed my embarrassment. He immediately came to my aid. He pulled up my skirt and skillfully tied the drawstring with a beautiful knot. Seeing what Henry did for me, something deep in my mind began to change. It seemed as if my cold heart began to melt slowly and my annoyance at him gradually gave way to guilt. I regretted having treated him as a stranger. While my mind was wandering, our performance time came. It turned out a great success, thunderous applause filling the whole theatre.
After the performance, I found Henry and tapped him on the arm gratefully. “Thanks,” I said with a grateful smile on my face. I had to admit that but for his timely help, I would have been extremely embarrassed. Without his knotting skill, the performance would have been quite different. “KNOT a problem. You are my sister,” he grinned innocently, saying humorously. Surrounded by the cheerful atmosphere, I felt a flood of warmth of a big family. Maybe it wouldn’t be so bad to have a new person in my corner of the world after all.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索，主要讲述了作者因为家里新收养的孩子，觉着母亲不再关注自己，他偷了母亲对自己的爱而内心备受伤害。却在一次戏剧演出中，自己的裙子束带松了，这个男孩帮助了作者，避免了在舞台上裙子掉落的尴尬。通过这件事，作者也才意识到家里有了这个新成员也是一件不错的事。
【详解】段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在那时，亨利察觉出了我的尴尬”可知，第一段可描写亨利如何帮助作者避免尴尬。
②由第二段首句内容“演出结束后，我找到了亨利，并感激地拍了拍他的手臂”可知，第二段可描写作者对亨利的感谢。
2.续写线索：裙子束带松了，察觉尴尬——帮助系紧，避免尴尬——内心被温暖——演出后表示感谢——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
帮助：give me a hand / come to my aid
改变：change、alter
情绪类
不高兴：unwilling / was not in the mood / annoyance /clouded my eyes
后悔：regret/feel sorry for
【点睛】[高分句型1] It seemed as if my cold heart began to melt slowly and my annoyance at him gradually gave way to guilt.该句as if 引导表语从句。and连接两个并列结构。使用高分词汇give way to。
[高分句型2] It turned out a great success, thunderous applause filling the whole theatre.该句是复合句。后半句是独立主格结构。使用高分词汇turn out。
[高分句型3] Without his knotting skill, the performance would have been quite different.该句使用虚拟语气。without“没有……”，对过去的虚拟，主句谓语用would have done结构。
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