2021-2022学年广东省广州市海珠区高一下学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年广东省广州市海珠区高一下学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共27页。

海珠区2021学年第二学期期末教学质量监测
高一英语试题
本试卷满分130分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写学校、班级、姓名、试室号、座位号及准考证号，并用2B铅笔填涂准考证号。
2.全部答案必须在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。
3.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。
4.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
It is common to see most livestreamers sitting in front of a desk in a well-decorated room. But Zeng Qinghuan, a 30-year-old from Xinhua County in Loudi, Hunan, has turned her whole village into a livestreaming set. Her goal is to use e-commerce to help her people live a better life.
Known as “Xiangmei Xinbao” on Douyin, Zeng now has more than 3 million followers. One of her videos about traditional ways of planting and harvesting rice has attracted more than 300, 000 followers.
Zeng used to study fashion design and has worked in some big cities before. In 2019 she returned to her village to care for her sick grandmother. She then found that she could build a career there -by being a livestreamer with the help of her cousin.
At the beginning, she didn’t make any money. Zeng’s parents didn’t give her any support until she could stand on her own feet and help people sell their products. She has now sold local agricultural products worth tens of millions of yuan, like fermented tofu, preserved pork and dried sweet potatoes.
“I’m a daughter of the great mountains. I can also be a contributor to rural development in this new times,” she said.
Rural revitalization (振兴) is a key part of China’s 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25). Zeng hopes her experience can encourage more young people to return to their rural hometowns and start their own businesses. In 2021, after she became a deputy (代表) of the Loudi Municipal People’s Congress, she put forward a proposal to ensure that “each village has one product and one livestreaming host of its own”, She plans to help cultivate 100 social media influencers from her county within three years, and two villages have taken part in the project. “I believe that the rural areas will become a big stage, and being a farmer will be seen is a respectable job too,” said Zeng.
1. What does Zeng mainly introduce on Douyin?
A. Fashion trends in her village. B. The education in her hometown.
C. Traditional customs of her village. D. Agricultural products of her hometown.
2. What do we know about Zeng’s livestreaming career?
A. It was encouraged by her sick grandmother. B. It inspired more local villagers to follow.
C. It brought her a fortune as soon as it was started. D. It was a great success with the help of her parents.
3. What is Zeng going to do from the last paragraph?
A. Invite more young people to her hometown.
B. Expand her business to make more money.
C. Train more social media influencers in her county.
D. Produce more agricultural products to help the farmers.
4. Which of the following best describes Zeng?
A. Responsible and modest. B. Gifted and faithful.
C. Caring and fashionable. D. Down-to-earth and ambitious.
5. In which column of a newspaper will you probably find the article?
A. Lifestyle B. Travel C. Science Study D. World Today
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了来自湖南娄底的曾庆欢利用直播技术带领当地人民过上幸福生活的事迹。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“She has now sold local agricultural products worth tens of millions of yuan, like fermented tofu, preserved pork and dried sweet potatoes.(她现在已经销售了价值数千万元的当地农产品，如腐乳、腊肉和红薯干)”可知，曾庆欢在抖音上主要介绍她家乡的农产品。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“In 2021, after she became a deputy of the Loudi Municipal People’s Congress, she put forward a proposal to ensure that “each village has one product and one livestreaming host of its own”. She plans to help cultivate 100 social media influencers from her county within three years, and two villages have taken part in the project.( 2021年，她成为娄底市人大代表后，她提出“一村一品一主播乡村振兴青年先锋培育计划”的议案。她计划在三年内从她的县帮助培养100名社交媒体影响者，有两个村庄已经参与了该项目)”可知，已经有村庄参与了曾庆欢提出的项目，她的直播事业激励了更多的当地村民仿效。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“In 2021, after she became a deputy of the Loudi Municipal People’s Congress, she put forward a proposal to ensure that “each village has one product and one livestreaming host of its own”. She plans to help cultivate 100 social media influencers from her county within three years, and two villages have taken part in the project.( 2021年，她成为娄底市人大代表后，她提出“一村一品一主播乡村振兴青年先锋培育计划”的议案。她计划在三年内从她的县帮助培养100名社交媒体影响者，有两个村庄已经参与了该项目)”可知，曾庆欢打算在她的县培训更多的社交媒体影响者。故选C项。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“But Zeng Qinghuan, a 30-year-old from Xinhua County in Loudi, Hunan, has turned her whole village into a livestreaming set. Her goal is to use e-commerce to help her people live a better life. (但是来自湖南娄底新华县的30岁的曾庆欢将她的整个村子变成了直播现场。她的目标是利用电子商务帮助村民过上更好的生活)”、第三段“Zeng used to study fashion design and has worked in some big cities before. In 2019 she returned to her village to care for her sick grandmother.(曾学习过服装设计，曾在几个大城市工作过。2019年，她回到村子里照顾生病的祖母)”以及最后一段““I believe that the rural areas will become a big stage, and being a farmer will be seen is a respectable job too,” said Zeng.(曾说：“我相信，农村将成为一个大舞台，成为一名农民也将是一份体面的工作。”)”可知，曾庆欢可以放弃大城市的工作回到村子照顾家人，她是脚踏实地的，她的目标是利用电子商务帮助村民过上更好的生活，并相信农村将成为一个大舞台，她是一个有抱负的人。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“But Zeng Qinghuan, a 30-year-old from Xinhua County in Loudi, Hunan, has turned her whole village into a livestreaming set.(但是来自湖南娄底新华县的30岁的曾庆欢将她的整个村子变成了直播现场)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了来自湖南娄底的曾庆欢利用直播带领当地人民过上幸福生活的故事，推测文章可能出自报纸的生活方式这一专栏。故选A项。
B
Nearly 700, 000 people have taken part in the world's largest wildlife survey, helping to count the numbers of wild birds in the UK. The Big Garden Birdwatch is organised every year by a charity called the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB). It is a chance for people to record the birds that visit their garden, balcony or local green space. The survey gives the RSPB a snapshot of how different types of birds are doing, and whether their populations are going up or down.
This year more than 11 million birds were counted. The house sparrow was the most commonly-seen garden bird, with more than 1.7 million recorded sightings. However, despite hitting the top spot, its numbers are lower than in 2021.
There was a rise in greenfinch numbers, which gives hope that the species may be recovering from a big drop in population over the last 30 years, mainly caused by disease. The survey also showed that numbers of jay, a colourful member of the crow family, have increased by 73% compared to 2021.
Almost 60, 000 schoolchildren took part in the survey, which involved spending an hour in nature counting different types of birds. Wood pigeons were the most commonly spotted by schools, with an average of eight seen by the schools that took part. Blackbirds came a close second.
The Big Garden Birdwatch bas been running since 1979, providing valuable information on the welfare of the UK's wild birds for the last 43 years. The RSPB's chief executive officer. Rebecca Speight, said, “It's been brilliant to see so many people taking part this year, taking time out to watch and reconnect with birds.” she added. “Spring is amazing. Spring sees the return of nature's biggest music festival, the dawn chorus. Open your back door, a window or simply step outside and listen.”
6. The Big Garden Birdwatch is held every year to ________.
A. make a survey on the world's wildlife B. develop family relationship in the UK
C. learn the present situation of UK's wild birds D. encourage people to take photos of the wild birds
7. What can we know about the house sparrow?
A. It is usually spotted by schoolchildren. B. Its number decreases compared to last year.
C. It is the most commonly-seen bird in the world. D. It is a colourful member of the crow family.
8. Rebecca Speight's words implies that ________.
A. birds are easily watched and reconnected in spring
B. the connection between people and nature becomes closer
C. spring is the best time for music festivals outdoors
D. RSPB are becoming less popular among people
9. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To instruct how to watch the birds. B. To describe different kinds of birds.
C. To argue for the protection of wild birds. D. To introduce a bird counting activity in the UK.
10. What is the author's attitude towards the activity?
A. Objective. B. Disapproving. C. Positive. D. Unclear
【答案】6. C 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇报道。本文介绍了名为“RSPB”的慈善机构自1979年开始运作的每年一度的“大花园鸟类观察”活动，这项迄今历时43年的活动为英国野生鸟类的生存状况提供了宝贵信息，并且使人与自然的联系更加密切。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The survey gives the RSPB a snapshot of how different types of birds are doing, and whether their populations are going up or down.(这项调查让皇家鸟类保护协会了解了不同种类的鸟类的生活状况，以及它们的数量是增加还是减少)”可知，在英国所举行的每年一次Big Garden Birdwatch活动是为了了解英国野生鸟类的现状。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The house sparrow was the most commonly-seen garden bird, with more than 1.7 million recorded sightings. However, despite hitting the top spot, its numbers are lower than in 2021. (家麻雀是最常见的花园鸟，有超过170万次的目击记录。然而，尽管位居榜首，但其数字低于2021年。)”可知，家雀比去年数量有所减少。故选B。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rebecca Speight, said, “It's been brilliant to see so many people taking part this year, taking time out to watch and reconnect with birds.” she added. “Spring is amazing. Spring sees the return of nature's biggest music festival, the dawn chorus. Open your back door, a window or simply step outside and listen.”(Rebecca Speight说：“看到今年有这么多人参与进来，花时间观察鸟类，并与它们重新建立联系，这真是太棒了。”)”可知，Rebecca Speight的话暗示着人与自然的联系越来越紧密了。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Nearly 700, 000 people have taken part in the world's largest wildlife survey, helping to count the numbers of wild birds in the UK. The Big Garden Birdwatch is organised every year by a charity called the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB).( 近70万人参与了世界上最大的野生动物调查，帮助统计英国野生鸟类的数量。“大花园鸟类观察”是由一家名为“皇家鸟类保护协会(RSPB)”的慈善机构每年组织的活动)”并通读全文可知，本文介绍了英国的一项鸟类计数活动。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The Big Garden Birdwatch bas been running since 1979, providing valuable information on the welfare of the UK's wild birds for the last 43 years. (大花园鸟类观察组织自1979年开始运作，在过去的43年里为英国野生鸟类的生存状况提供了宝贵的信息。)”和引用Rebecca Speight的话，作者认为这项活动为英国野生鸟类的生存状况提供了宝贵信息，并且使人与自然的联系更加密切，可知，作者持赞成的态度，故选C。
C
In the Beijing Winter Olympics, we were treated to incredible displays of athletic talents as competitors took to the snow and ice. As a popular sport at the Winter Olympics, ski jumping is one of the best examples to showcase the “superhuman” power of athletes.
Ski jumpers soar into the air and appear to be almost flying in the sky. How do they achieve this? Physles can offer us an explanation of how they make it. It involves the use of the laws of aerodynamics (空气动力学) to fight against gravity and increase lift while reducing drag.
To understand how ski jumping works, we need to consider three elements: gravity, lift and drag. Gravity is the force that pulls us towards an object. Lift occurs when an object is moving through the air-as its surface comes into contact with air particles (微粒), the particles are pushed down and away from the object, allowing it to move up. At the same time, this interaction creates drag, and slows down an object’s movement.
While there is nothing that the skiers can do about gravity, they can twist their bodies into positions that allow them to achieve greater lift and avoid as much drag as possible. According to the Smithsonian Magazine, “To do this, athletes try their best to make their skis and body nearly parallel to the ground and place their skis in a V-shape just outside the form of the body. This position increases the surface area that produces lift and puts them in the ideal angle that will also maximize (最大化) lift.”
Because of how the sport works, athletes’ equipment is strictly controlled according to weight and height in order to avoid any unfair advantages. This means suits must be tight in order to ensure athletes cannot use them as a way to gain more lift. For athletes, minor day-to-day water weight changes as little as 300 grams. It can mean that suits will not be tight enough according to their body mass indexes (体重指数).
11. What does the underlined word “It” refer to in the second paragraph?
A. Ski jumping. B. Athletic talent. C. Physical science. D. Superhuman power.
12. What contributes in lift in ski jumping?
A. The interaction between force and drag. B. The interaction between gravity and balance.
C. The interaction between air particles and gravity. D. The interaction between skiers and air particles.
13. What should ski jumpers do in order to achieve the best performance?
a. Keep their bodies and skis parallel to the ground.
b. Change their positions as little as possible.
c. Position their skis in a V-shape when they jump.
d. Increase the angle as much as possible.
A. ac B. bc C. cd D. ad
14. What is required to ensure fair play in ski jumping?
A. Specially made suits. B. Strict control of athletes’ height.
C. Standardized equipment. D. Much daily water intake.
15 What’s the main focus of the text?
A. The techniques used by ski jumpers. B. The scientific principles behind ski jumping.
C. Rules of the ski jumping competition. D. Excellent performances in ski jumping.
【答案】11. A 12. D 13. A 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了跳台滑雪的运动员们是如何实现在空中腾起的。文章介绍其背后的科学道理，并说明了跳台滑雪运动员也需要特制的服装来协助完成动作。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Ski jumpers soar into the air and appear to be almost flying in the sky. How do they achieve this? Physles can offer us an explanation of how they make it. It involves the use of the laws of aerodynamics (空气动力学) to fight against gravity and increase lift while reducing drag. (滑雪运动员腾空而起，看起来几乎要在空中飞翔。他们是如何做到这一点的？Physles可以向我们解释他们是如何做到的。它包括利用空气动力学定律来对抗重力，在减小阻力的同时增加升力。)”可知，此处讲跳台滑雪运动员需要对抗重力、减小阻力和增加升力来实现腾空。因此此处的It指Ski jumping这项运动。故选A项。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Lift occurs when an object is moving through the air-as its surface comes into contact with air particles (微粒), the particles are pushed down and away from the object, allowing it to move up.(当物体在空气中运动时，就会产生升力——当物体表面与空气颗粒接触时，颗粒被向下推，远离物体，从而使物体向上运动。)”可知，跳台滑雪运动员要实现向上运动，就要和空气颗粒进行接触。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“According to the Smithsonian Magazine, “To do this, athletes try their best to make their skis and body nearly parallel to the ground and place their skis in a V-shape just outside the form of the body. This position increases the surface area that produces lift and puts them in the ideal angle that will also maximize (最大化) lift.(据the Smithsonian Magazine，“为了做到这一点，运动员们尽力使他们的滑雪板和身体几乎与地面平行，并将滑雪板呈V字形放置在身体形状的外侧。这个位置增加了产生升力的表面积，并使它们处于理想的角度，这也将使升力最大化。”)”可知，要有最佳表现就要让身体尽可能跟地面平行并且让滑雪板呈V字形放在身体外侧，因此a和c符合。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Because of how the sport works, athletes’ equipment is strictly controlled according to weight and height in order to avoid any unfair advantages. This means suits must be tight in order to ensure athletes cannot use them as a way to gain more lift.(由于这项运动的运作方式，运动员的装备根据体重和身高受到严格控制，以避免任何不公平的优势。这意味着他们所穿的运动服装必须紧身，以确保运动员不能用它们来获得更多的升力。)”可知，为了确保比赛的公平，运动员必须穿按照他们的体重和身高来定制的运动服装，且要紧身的，这样才会保证他们不会利用来获得更大的升力。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Ski jumpers soar into the air and appear to be almost flying in the sky. How do they achieve this? Physles can offer us an explanation of how they make it. It involves the use of the laws of aerodynamics (空气动力学) to fight against gravity and increase lift while reducing drag. (滑雪运动员腾空而起，看起来几乎要在空中飞翔。他们是如何做到这一点的？Physles可以向我们解释他们是如何做到的。它包括利用空气动力学定律来对抗重力，在减小阻力的同时增加升力。)”以及第三段的“To understand how ski jumping works, we need to consider three elements: gravity, lift and drag.(为了理解跳台滑雪是如何工作的，我们需要考虑三个因素:重力、升力和阻力。)”可知，本文主要讲述了跳台滑雪背后的科学道理。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
China welcomed three heroic astronauts home on April 16. The re-entry module carrying astronauts touched down safely at the Dongfeng Landing Site in Inner Mongolia autonomous region. This ended the Shenzhou XIII astronauts’ six-month space mission. This return marks a major breakthrough for China’s efforts in space. ____16____
Speed record
The mission set a new speed record. The Shenzhou XII return capsule revolved around the Earth 11 times over 24 hours. ____17____ The Shenzhou XIII mission was simplified to only five orbits and was designed to return more efficiently, according to the Chinese Academy of Space Technology.
____18____It also needed more accurate orbital calculations. This meant that when the spacecraft separated, it could quickly target the landing area, calculate the return path, and adjust its altitude, Wang Ya’nan, editor-in-chief of Beijing-based Aerospace Knowledge magazine, told the Global Times.
Temperature control
Another challenge for astronauts returning to Earth is traveling through the atmosphere. After the re-entry capsule enters the atmosphere, there is fierce friction with the air. ____19____ To solve this problem, the researchers designed a heat-resistant coating on the surface of the Shenzhou XIII return capsule. They also laid a layer of a special material that takes away the heat.
Landing
The re-entry capsule landed upright in the right area. Such a landing position is rare in China’s space flight history. ____20____ To achieve this, astronauts must operate and let go of parachute (降落伞) with accurate timing. Landing upright is the ideal way to land, ensuring astronauts have the softest landing, Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing, told Science and Technology Daily.
A. We have made great efforts to land successfully for years.
B. Let’s look at some of the technical details of the mission.
C. Some strategies may help you better understand the mission.
D. This approach required more precise control of the spacecraft.
E. The surface temperature of the capsule can reach thousands of degrees.
F. Shenzhou XIII shortened the time to about 9 hours, orbiting Earth five times.
G. So far, only Shenzhou VI and Shenzhou XIII have achieved an upright landing.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. D 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了神舟十三号的一些任务技术细节。
【16题详解】
根据上文“China welcomed three heroic astronauts home on April 16. The re-entry module carrying astronauts touched down safely at the Dongfeng Landing Site in Inner Mongolia autonomous region. This ended the Shenzhou XIII astronauts’ six-month space mission. This return marks a major breakthrough for China’s efforts in space.(4月16日，中国迎来了三名英勇的宇航员。搭载宇航员的返回舱在内蒙古自治区的东风着陆点安全着陆。这结束了神舟十三号宇航员为期六个月的太空任务。这次返回标志着中国太空努力的重大突破)”结合后文主要介绍了这次任务的一些细节情况，故B选项“让我们看看这次任务的一些技术细节”符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The mission set a new speed record. The Shenzhou XII return capsule revolved around the Earth 11 times over 24 hours.(这次任务创造了新的速度记录。神舟十二号返回舱在24小时内绕地球旋转了11圈)”可知，上文介绍了神舟十二号的飞行数据，且提到这次任务创造了记录，可见本句是在说明神舟十三号的飞行情况，故F选项“神舟十三号将时间缩短到9小时左右，绕地球飞行了5次”符合语境，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“The Shenzhou XIII mission was simplified to only five orbits and was designed to return more efficiently, according to the Chinese Academy of Space Technology.(据中国空间技术研究院表示，神舟十三号的任务被简化为只有5个轨道，并被设计为更有效地返回)”以及后文“It also needed more accurate orbital calculations. This meant that when the spacecraft separated, it could quickly target the landing area, calculate the return path, and adjust its altitude, Wang Ya’nan, editor-in-chief of Beijing-based Aerospace Knowledge magazine, told the Global Times.(它还需要更精确的轨道计算。北京《航天知识》杂志主编王亚南告诉《环球时报》，这意味着当航天器分离时，它可以快速瞄准着陆区域，计算返回路径，并调整高度)”可知，上一段介绍了神州十三号的技术改进，后文则提到了这一技术改进的优势，可知本句与后文并列，都是在对这一技术进行说明。故D选项“这种方法需要对航天器进行更精确的控制”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Another challenge for astronauts returning to Earth is traveling through the atmosphere. After the re-entry capsule enters the atmosphere, there is fierce friction with the air.(宇航员返回地球的另一个挑战是穿越大气层。返回舱进入大气层后，与空气摩擦激烈)”可知，上文提到返回舱与空气摩擦激烈，故本句是在说明其结果：太空舱表面温度可达数千度。故E选项“太空舱表面温度可达数千度”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The re-entry capsule landed upright in the right area. Such a landing position is rare in China’s space flight history.(返回舱着陆直立在正确的区域。这样的着陆位置在中国航天飞行史上是罕见的)”可知，本句主要是关于中国航天飞行史上返回舱直立着陆的说明，故G选项“到目前为止，只有神舟六号和神舟十三号实现了垂直着陆”符合语境，故选G。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I have a birthday coming up soon, but I decided not to put any candles on my cake this year. I thought that 46 of them might ____21____ the icing (糖霜) or set off the smoke alarm. When I looked in the ____22____ this morning I didn’t see a middle-aged man ____23____ me. Sure there was gray in the hair and wrinkles around the mouth and eyes. Yet, when I saw his ____24____ and the twinkle in his eyes I felt as vital (有活力的) and ____25____ as I ever had.
It is such an amazing thing that we can grow younger on the inside ____26____ we grow older on the outside. Some of the most loving, ____27____ and vital people I know live inside ancient bodies that have seen far better days. They have ____28____ for life. They smile often, laugh a lot, and take life one day at a time. On the inside they are far younger than I could ever ____29____ to be. They remind me that old bodies don’t always _____30_____ old hearts.
I hope then that when your own _____31_____ comes around, your heart will feel as _____32_____ as ever. I hope that you will remember that you are not _____33_____ on a calendar or candles on a cake. You are _____34_____ a forever young spirit. Your body may age, weaken, and _____35_____ die, but you never will.
21. A. remove B. decorate C. build D. ruin
22. A. candles B. mirror C. sky D. eyes
23. A. looking back at B. catching up with C. getting rid of D. keeping away from
24. A. smile B. hands C. sweat D. tears
25. A. guilty B. romantic C. alive D. disappointed
26. A. until B. or C. while D. because
27. A. joyous B. pitiful C. special D. painful
28. A. principles B. enthusiasm C. fear D. plans
29. A. refuse B. wait C. agree D. hope
30. A. reason with B. leave out C. make for D. wake up
31. A. birthday B. dream C. opportunity D. holiday
32. A. quiet B. lucky C. young D. close
33. A. pictures B. numbers C. tools D. tasks
34. A. never B. once C. therefore D. instead
35. A. casually B. eventually C. unluckily D. immediately
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己过生日的经历告诉我们，我们的身体会衰老，但我们的心可以保持年轻。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为46根蜡烛可能会破坏糖霜或引发烟雾警报。A. remove去除；B. decorate装饰；C. build建造；D. ruin破坏。根据上文“I decided not to put any candles on my cake this year”和句中数字“46”可知，作者已经46岁了，过生日需要在蛋糕上插46根蜡烛，46根蜡烛同时点燃，数量太大，可能会破坏蛋糕上的糖霜。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天早上我照镜子时，没有看到一个中年人在看着我。A. candles蜡烛；B. mirror镜子；C. sky天空；D. eyes眼睛。根据下文“Sure there was gray in the hair and wrinkles around the mouth and eyes.”可知，我看到了嘴巴和眼睛周围的皱纹，由此可知，我在照镜子。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：今天早上我照镜子时，没有看到一个中年人在看着我。A. looking back at回顾，看回来；B. catching up with赶上，追上；C. getting rid of摆脱；D. keeping away from远离。根据下文“I felt as vital (有活力的) and _____ as I ever had”可知，我感觉自己和以前一样有活力，由此可知，我觉得自己不老，在镜中看自己时，没有看到一个中年人在看着自己，暗指自己不像一个中年人。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我看到他的微笑和他眼中闪烁的光芒时，我觉得自己像以前一样充满活力和生气。A. smile微笑；B. hands手；C. sweat汗；D. tears眼泪。根据句中“I felt as vital (有活力的) and _____ as I ever had”可知，我应该是看到了镜中的自己脸上的微笑和眼中闪烁的光芒时，感觉自己充满活力。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我看到他的微笑和他眼中闪烁的光芒时，我觉得自己像以前一样充满活力和生气。A. guilty内疚的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. alive有生气的；D. disappointed失望的。根据句中“vital”可知，我感觉自己心态还年轻，由此可知，我觉得自己是有活力的和有生气的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：这是一件令人惊奇的事情，我们可以在内心变得年轻，而在外表却变老了。A. until直到；B. or或者；C. while而，然而；D. because因为。根据句意可知，空格前后内容形成对比，我们内心变得年轻，而外表却变老了，“while”意为“而，然而”，符合语境。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认识的一些最有爱心、最快乐、最有活力的人生活在老去的身体里，这些身体见证了美好的时光。A. joyous快乐的；B. pitiful可怜的；C. special特殊的；D. painful痛苦的。根据句中“loving”和“vital”可知，这里用的是积极词汇，用来形容好的心态，由此可知，这里指的是最快乐的人。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对生活充满热情。A. principles原则；B. enthusiasm热情；C. fear惧怕；D. plans计划。根据下文“They smile often, laugh a lot, and take life one day at a time.”可知，他们经常微笑，珍惜每一天，由此可知，他们对生活充满热情。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从内心来看，他们比我想象的要年轻得多。A. refuse拒绝；B. wait等待；C. agree认可，相符；D. hope希望。根据上文“live inside ancient bodies”可知，这些人是上了年纪的人，我以为他们的内心已经老去，但他们比我想象的要年轻得多，“agree”意为“认可，相符”，符合语境。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们提醒我，老身体并不总是导致老的心。A. reason with和……理论；B. leave out忽略；C. make for造成，导致；D. wake up唤醒。根据上文“On the inside they are far younger than I could ever _____ to be.”可知，从内心来看，这些老人比我想象的要年轻得多，由此可知，老的身体并不总是导致老的心，“make for”意为“造成，导致”，符合语境。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望当你自己的生日到来时，你的心会像以前一样年轻。A. birthday生日；B. dream梦想；C. opportunity机会；D. holiday假期。根据上文“I have a birthday coming up soon, but I decided not to put any candles on my cake this year.”可知，本文讲述的是一个由生日引发的感悟，告诉我们老的身体并不总是导致老的心，由此可知，句中指当你的生日到来时，你的心会像以前一样年轻。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望当你自己的生日到来时，你的心会像以前一样年轻。A. quiet安静的；B. lucky幸运的；C. young年轻的；D. close亲密的。根据上文“They remind me that old bodies don’t always _____ old hearts.”可知，本文告诉我们老的身体并不总是导致老的心，由此可知，作者希望随着生日的到来，你的内心依旧年轻。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望你们记住，你们不是日历上的数字，也不是蛋糕上的蜡烛。相反，你是一个永远年轻的灵魂。A. pictures图片；B. numbers数字；C. tools工具；D. tasks任务。根据上文“They remind me that old bodies don’t always _____ old hearts.”可知，这篇文章的目的是告诉我们老的身体并不总是导致老的心，由此可知，作者希望我们记住，我们的心态是否年轻不取决于日历上的数字，时间的流逝不能让我们的内心衰老。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我希望你们记住，你们不是日历上的数字，也不是蛋糕上的蜡烛。相反，你是一个永远年轻的灵魂。A. never从不；B. once曾经；C. therefore因此；D. instead相反。根据上文“you are not _____ on a calendar or candles on a cake”和句中“a forever young spirit”可知，句中表示你不是日历上的数字，相反，你是一个永远年轻的灵魂，“instead”意为“相反”，符合语境。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：你的身体可能会衰老、衰弱并最终死亡，但你永远不会。A. casually随便地；B. eventually最终；C. unluckily不幸地；D. immediately立即。根据句中“Your body may age, weaken”和“die”可知，句中表示遵循自然规律，身体会衰老、衰弱并最终死亡。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you’ve got a lot of musical ideas in your head, but haven’t got an instrument to help them out, well, there are plenty of websites and apps that could be useful.
Soundwaves is a clever website where you can make music ____36____ dragging and dropping sounds into place. You can also invite friends to do it with you, ____37____ (make) tracks together over the Internet.
Loland50 is a free site ____38____ celebrates some famous drum machines and synthesizer (电子合成器) by letting you play virtual versions of them. It may seem complicated at first sight ____39____ actually it is just about clicking to create patterns of drums, then experimenting with virtual dials ____40____ (change)the sounds.
If you are wanting to do more than just noodle around, software and apps such as Voicetraps and Handlab ____41____ (give) you a selection of beats, sounds and virtual instruments. They will also let you record singing or playing all by ____42____ (you).
Finally, Robotlox has its own music-making game ____43____ (call) Splosh in which you became a virtual DJ. You can create your own tunes from its ____44____ (collect) of beats and the melodies and play them live to your friends on the dancefloor.
Whether you are making tracks for fun or want a career in music, these tools will get you started and give you the confidence to explore _____45_____ (far).
【答案】36. by 37. making
38. which##that
39. but 40. to change
41. will give
42. yourself
43. called 44. collections
45. further
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些制作音乐的网站和应用程序。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：Soundwaves是一个很聪明的网站，你可以通过拖放声音来制作音乐。此处表示“通过”，后跟动名词作宾语，应用介词by。故填by。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你也可以邀请朋友和你一起做，一起在互联网上制作歌曲。分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语friends以及you构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填making。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Loland50是一个免费网站，它为一些著名的鼓机和合成器提供虚拟版本的演奏。定语从句修饰先行词site，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：乍一看，这似乎很复杂，但实际上它只是点击创造鼓的模式，然后用虚拟的刻度盘来改变声音。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：乍一看，这似乎很复杂，但实际上它只是点击创造鼓的模式，然后用虚拟的刻度盘来改变声音。change在句中应用不定式作目的状语。故填to change。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：如果你想做更多的事情，如Voicetraps和Handlab等软件和应用程序将为你提供一系列节拍、声音和虚拟乐器。空处为主句谓语动词，结合语境和后文“They will also”可知应用一般将来时。故填will give。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：他们也会让你自己录制唱歌或演奏。结合句意表示“自己，独立”短语为by oneself。故填yourself。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，Robotlox拥有自己的音乐制作游戏《splash》，你可以在游戏中成为虚拟DJ。分析句子结构可知call在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语music-making game构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填called。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：你可以从它收集的节拍和旋律中创建自己的曲调，并在舞池中向你的朋友现场演奏。作宾语，表示“收集”应用名词collection，前文无冠词表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填collections。
【45题详解】
考查比较级。句意：无论你是出于兴趣还是想从事音乐事业，这些工具都会让你开始，并给你进一步探索的信心。结合句意表示“进一步探索”应用比较级further。故填further。
第三部分 写作（共三节，满分50分）
第一节 单词拼写（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句子意思和中文提示完成下列句子，每空只填一个单词。
46. England was ________ (征服) by the Normans in 1066. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】conquered
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和被动语态。句意：1066年，英格兰被诺曼人征服。根据汉语提示“征服”可知，空格处涉及单词“conquer”，意为“征服”，动词词性，句中“England”和“conquer”为被动关系，故句子为一般过去时的被动语态，空格处应用“conquer”的过去分词“conquered”。故填conquered。
47. After hearing that he quit the competition, my first ________ (反应) was one of shock. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】reaction
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：听说他退出比赛后,我的第一反应是震惊。空处缺少名词作主语，根据汉语提示可知是可数名词reaction，空后的was表明用单数。故填reaction。
48. The ________ (氛围) at work is fairly informal and relaxed. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】atmosphere
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这的工作气氛相当随意和轻松。“氛围”应用名词atmosphere作主语，且由is可知，应用单数，故填atmosphere。
49. She never ________(抱怨),but she is obviously exhausted. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)
【答案】complains
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：她从来没有抱怨，但她显然是筋疲力尽了。根据汉语提示“抱怨”，以及上文she never可知此处应填动词作谓语，且一般现在时态主语为单数需要动词后面加s。故填complains。
50. Our new offices are still under ________ (建造). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】construction
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的新办公室仍在建设中。under construction在建设中，不可数名词作宾语，故填construction。
51. We have to ________ (精神上地) and physically prepare for our next race. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】mentally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我们必须在精神上和身体上为下一场比赛做准备。根据汉语提示“精神上地”和空格后的and 和physically可知，空格处应该填入一个副词mentally和physically并列作状语。故填mentally。
52. I find it pays to be ________ (诚实). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】honest
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我发现诚实是值得的。此处“诚实”应用形容词honest作表语，it是形式宾语，to be honest作真正的宾语，故填honest。
53. We’ll have to ________ (延期) the meeting until next week. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】delay##postpone
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我们必须把会议推迟到下周。根据汉语提示“延期”可知应填动词delay/postpone，此处为have to do。故填delay/postpone。
54. There is a great deal of research ________ (表明) that music activities engage different parts of the brain.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】indicating
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大量研究表明，音乐活动涉及大脑的不同部分。根据汉语提示“表明”以及上文的There is a great deal of research可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作定语，空处与逻辑主语research之间是主动关系，故应用动词的现在分词形式，结合语意可知，此处应用indicate，意为“表明”，其现在分词形式为indicating。故填indicating。
55. The team are busy ________ (分析) the problem so that they can find the best solution. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】analysing##analyzing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个团队正忙着分析问题，以便找到最好的解决方案。be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”，根据汉语提示及句意，故填analysing/analyzing。
第二节 完成句子（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
根据中文意思，完成下列句子。将每一题的答案写在答题卷相应的横线上。
56. 强有力的证据表明语言是只属于人类的天赋。
There is strong evidence that language is a gift which ________ ________humans only.
【答案】 ①. belongs ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语、时态和主谓一致。根据汉语意思并分析句子可知，此处是考查固定短语“belong to（属于）”；根据前面主句的时态是一般现在时可知，which引导的定语从句也应该用一般现在时，which代替先行词a gift在从句中作主语，所以从句的谓语动词应该用第三人称单数。故填belongs to 。
57. 我终于到家了，感到疲惫，但是和朋友庆祝那达慕大会是值得的。
I’m finally back home now, ________ ________, but celebrating Naadam with my friend totally worth it.
【答案】 ①. feeling ②. tired
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和形容词。表示“感到疲惫”应表达为feel tired，分析句子可知，空处1与后文的celebrating是并列关系，均用现在分词作状语，结合语意可知，空处1与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，故空处1应填现在分词形式，即feeling；结合语意可知，空处2应填形容词修饰主语的感受，应用-ed结尾的形容词tired，故空处2应填tired。故空处1填feeling，空处2填tired。
58. 她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果和培养下一代的医生。
She was more interested in ________ patients, ________medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation.
【答案】 ①treating ②. publishing
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词和非谓语。表示“救治”用treat，in为介词，后接名词或动名词，故第一空填treating；表示“发表”用publish，和第一空的treating以及后文training并列作介词in的宾语，也应用动名词形式。故第二空填publishing。综上，故填treating；publishing。
59. 许多人正在前往时代广场进行午夜倒计时。
A large number of people are ________ ________ Times Square for the countdown to midnight.
【答案】 ①. heading ②. for
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“head for…”，意为“前往……”，根据句意和句中“are”可知，句中动作正在发生，应用现在进行时，“head”的现在分词为“heading”，故填heading for。
60. 尽管她已经精力用尽，她还是决心完成这项工作。
Although her energy had ________ ________, she was determined to finish the job.
【答案】 ①. run ②. out
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。对比中英文，英文让步状语从句中谓语部分不完整，缺少动词“用尽”，可用动词短语run out表示，结合句意和空格前助动词had可知，应使用其过去分词形式run out，构成过去完成时态。故填run out。
61. 2003年中国成为世界上第三个能够独立将人类送入太空的国家。
China became the third country in the world ________ ________humans into space independently in 2003.
【答案】 ①. to ②. send
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。分析句意可知，表示“送入”用动词send来表示；在根据前面的the third country可知，当名词前有序数词修饰时，名词后面应该用动词不定式作后置定语，表示“第几个做……的人或物”，所以此处用to send作后置定语符合语境。故填①to②send。
62. 本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖已授予屠呦呦（得主之一），她的研究使青蒿素这种至关重要的新型抗疟疾药物得以发现。
This year’s Nobel Prize of Physiology or Medicine has been ________to Tu Yoyo (co-winner), ________research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.
【答案】 ①. awarded ②. whose
【解析】
【详解】1.考查动词。根据汉语意思“授予”和空格前的has been可知，空格处应该填入aware（授予）的过去分词形式，构成现在完成时的被动语态。第二空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Tu Yoyo，作名词research的定语，应用关系代词whose。故填awarded；whose。
63. 非常荣幸来到这里与大家分享音乐是如何影响了我的人生的。
It’s an ________to be here and to share with you the story of how music has had ________ ________my life.
【答案】 ①. honor ②. influence ③. on
【解析】
【详解】考查名词及短语。很荣幸做某事使用It’s an honr to do sth句型，句中It 作形式主语，不定式作真正主语，“对……有影响”使用短语have influence on，故填①honor ②influence③on。
64. 我们正在寻找愿意协助校报工作的学生。
We are looking for students who would ________ ________ ________ ________in school newspaper.
【答案】 ①. be ②. willing
③. to
④. assist

【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。“愿意”应用固定搭配be willing to，由前面的情态动词would可知，此处be动词应用原形，“协助/帮助……”应用动词assist in，放在不定式后面，故填①be②willing③to④assist。
65. 爱因斯坦为世界做出了无数的贡献，最为著名的当数广义相对论和著名的的方程式E=me2。
Einstein ________ ________ ________ ________the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E= me2.
【答案】 ①. made ②. countless ③. contributions ④. to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。根据句意可知，本题考查短语make contributions to“对……做出贡献”，句子为一般过去时态，所以make用过去式made；无数的可以用英文单词“countless”，作定语修饰contributions。故填①made②countless③contributions④to。
第三节 书面表达（满分20分）
66. 为提高学生美化校园的意识，鼓励学生热爱劳动，上周五下午你校举办了“美丽校园，从我做起”（Beautiful Campus Starts from Me）卫生大扫除活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.参加人员；
2.活动内容：打扫体育馆，整理图书馆图书，清理校园垃圾等；
3.活动意义。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Aimed at arousing the students’ awareness of beautifying the campus and fueling their passion for labor, a thorough cleaning themed on “A Civilized Campus, Staring from Me” was organized by our school last Friday afternoon.
With great enthusiasm, all the students in our school got involved in various work, ranging from cleaning the stadium, rearranging and tidying books in the library to cleaning up the garbage at campus. With our joint efforts, the campus soon took on a new look. Tired as we were, we were in high spirits.
Thanks to this meaningful activity, not only did we obtain a brand new insight into the meaning of labor, but we would better cherish the beautiful environment of our campus.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就学校举办的“美丽校园，从我做起”的活动写一篇报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
各种各样的：various→all kinds of
活动：activity→event
参与：got involved in→joined in
获得：obtain→get
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With great enthusiasm, all the students in our school got involved in various work, ranging from cleaning the stadium, rearranging and tidying books in the library to cleaning up the garbage at campus.
拓展句：With great enthusiasm, all the students in our school got involved in various work, which ranged from cleaning the stadium, rearranging and tidying books in the library to cleaning up the garbage at campus.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Tired as we were, we were in high spirits(运用了as引导的让步状语从句且倒装)
[高分句型2] Thanks to this meaningful activity, not only did we obtain a brand new insight into the meaning of labor, but we would better cherish the beautiful environment of our campus.(运用了not only位于句首的倒装句式)