2023英语高考命题总复习----阅读提升（个人，家庭，社区及学校生活）

考点三 个人、家庭、社区及学校生活

第一步 精准刷题

阅读

A

(2021·八省联考)

Non-Credit Courses

The Pre-College Program offers non-credit courses. Students will experience college-level courses given by some of our college's leading experts and will receive written feedback(反馈)on their work at the end of the course. Pre-College students will also receive a grade of Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory and a certificate of completion at the conclusion of the program.

All non-credit courses meet from 9:00 am-11:30 am daily and may have additional requirements in the afternoons or evenings.

COURSE: Case Studies in Neuroscience

●June 11-July 2

●Leah Roesch

Using student-centered, active-learning methods and real-world examples, this course is designed. to provide a fuller understanding of how the human brain works.

COURSE: Psychology of Creativity

●June 15-June 28

●Marshall Duke

Why are certain people so creative? Is it genetic(遗传的)，or a result of childhood experience? Are they different from everyone else? This popular psychology course highlights the different theories of creativity.

COURSE: Creative Storytelling

●June 21-July 3

●Edith Freni

This college-level course in creative storytelling functions as an introduction to a variety of storytelling techniques that appear in different forms of creative writing, such as short fiction and playwriting.

COURSE: Sports Economics

●July 19-August 1

●Christina DePasquale

In this course we will analyze many interesting aspects of the sports industry: sports leagues, ticket pricing, salary negotiations, discrimination, and NCAA policies to name a few.

1.Who is the text intended for?

A. The general public.

B. College freshmen.

C. Educational experts.

D. High school students.

2.Which course can you take if you are free only in June?

A. Sports Economics.

B. Creative Storytelling,

C. Psychology of Creativity.

D. Case Studies in Neuroscience.

3.Whose course should you choose if you are interested in creative writing?

A. Leah Roesch's.

B. Edith Freni's.

C. Marshall Duke's.

D. Christina DePasquale's.

答案:

篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文`1。文章主要介绍了大学预科项目所提供的四门非学分课程及其相关内容和时间安排等。

1.D [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The Pre-College Program”以及“Pre-College students will”可知，这篇文章是写给大学预科生的，即高中生。故选D.]

2.C[细节理解题。根据 COURSE: Psychology of Creativity中的“June 15－June 28(6月15日至6月28日)”及其他课程的时间安排可知，如果你只在六月有空闲时间，你可以选择Psychology of Creativity.故选C.]

3.B [细节理解题。根据 COURSE: Creative Storytelling 中的“that appear in different forms of creative writing”可知，如果你对创意写作感兴趣，你应该选择 Creative Storytelling,该课程授课老师是Edith Freni.故选B.]

B

(2021·重庆高三二模)For one person who passed away, another life supersedes him.

Back in January, Connie Despanie and Benjamin Hall were celebrating the birth of their new born son at the hospital. Though they had agreed on naming him Kingston, they had not yet decided on a middle names. However, they soon found inspiration in an unlikely place; a handwritten letter that was given to them shortly after their son's birth. The letter read, “To my dad's angel, even though I will never know your name, you are the first child born here after my dad's passing. When one life is taken, another is given.”

The letter was written by Jamie Fontenot. Her father James had just passed away in the same hospital. As Jamie was missing her father, a sweet song started to play on the overhead speakers. When she asked nurses about the song, they said that the hospital played the song whenever a baby was born. In her time of heatbreak, Jamie found comfort in the new life that followed her dad's death, so she wrote the letter and asked the nurses to give it to the baby whose birth caused the music.

Upon reading the note, Connie started to cry, She was full of appreciation for the letter. She and her husband agreed that their son's middle name should be James. After delivering the note to the baby's family, the nurses insisted on introducing Jamie to Connie and her new born son. The meeting was an emotional one. And over the course of the last year, the two families have kept in touch and became fast friends.

4.Which of the following can replace the underlined word "supersedes” in Paragraph 1?

5.What got Jamie to write such a letter?

A. She intended to teach the baby a life lesson.

B. The father's death left her cherishing the life.

C. The newborn baby made her slightly relieved.

D. She was totally moved at the sight of the baby.

6. What did the couple do after reading the note?

A. They hurriedly went out to ask for help from Jamie.

B. They thanked those nurses for consideration warmly.

C. They asked the nurses to arrange a meeting with Jamie.

D. They middle-named the baby after Jamie's father's name.

7.What is the best title for the text?

A. The Tricks of Deciding a Middle Name

B. The Difference Between Life and Death

C.A Letter Brought Two Families Together

D. Two Families Related to a Special Letter

答案:

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一封特别的信，将两个家庭紧密地联系在一起。

4.C [词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“When one life is taken, another is given.(当一个生命被夺走，另一个生命就会被赋予。)”及画线词前半句“For one person who passed away(一个人去世了)”可推知，另一个生命会取代他。所以 supersede 为“取代”之意。故选C.]

5.C [细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“In her time of heartbreak, Jamie found comfort in the new life that followed her dad's death, so she wrote the letter and asked the nurses to give it to the baby(在心碎的时刻，Jamie(杰米)在父亲去世后的新生活中找到了安慰，所以她写了这封信，让护士们把它送给了那个婴儿)”可知，Jamie写这封信是因为新生的婴儿使她稍稍得到了安慰。故选C.]

6.D [细节理解题。根据最后一段前三句“Upon reading the note...agreed that their son's middle name should be James.”可知，这对夫妇阅读过信之后决定把Jamie 父亲的名字作为孩子的中间名。故选D.]

7.C [标题判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“And over the course of the last year, the two families have kept in touch and become fast friends.(在过去的一年里，这两个家庭一直保持着联系，成为了好朋友。)”及全文内容可推知，文章主要讲述了一封特别的信，将两个家庭紧密地联系在一起。所以C项(一封信使两个家庭聚在一起)作为文章标题最为合适。故选C.]

七选五

(2020·浙江高考)I experienced years of loneliness as a child.  1  His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine, With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.

A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening.  2  I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children's books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me.  3 

My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were.  4  I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.

5  My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They're all memories I treasure today.

A.I wasn't alone any longer.

B.I enjoyed reading stories aloud.

C. I was invited to play with another kid.

D.I loved the colorful photographs in the books.

E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.

F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.

G. My older brother couldn't be bothered to play with me.

1. ___________     2. ___________     3. ___________     4. ___________     5. ___________    

答案:

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。

1.G [设空处在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文可知，设空处应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的＂My older brother＂，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩。”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G.]

2.D[根据前句“我对文字的热爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候。”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片。＂是上句的进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给“我”读故事的书。故选D.]

3.A [根据前句“阅读为我打开了新世界。”可知，A项＂我不再孤独。”和上旬构成了因果关系。故选A.]

4.F[根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意。”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东酉产生了长久的兴趣。”和上句构成因果关系，作者正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始对制造东西产生兴趣。故选F.]

5.E [根据后句“无论天气或季节如何，我的父母都会让他们的两个孩子去户外。”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外。”和前句构成因果关系。作者有去户外的习惯是因为受到父母的影响。故选E.]

第二步 精深学习

阅读

A

(2022·河北省百师联盟高三联考)

Mobile Loaves &Fishes

Mobile Loaves & Fishes(MLF) is a social service organization that has been changing communities into a lifestyle of service with the homeless. Founded in 1998 in Austin, Texas, the organization provides services through

three main programs.

Truck Ministry

Mobile Loaves & Fishes' food truck volunteers hit the streets 7 nights a week,365 days a year to serve the homeless, delivering food, clothing, hygiene products and other life items. With the support of more than 19,000 volunteers and over 5 million meals served, Mobile Loaves & Fishes is the largest prepared feeding program to the homeless and working poor in Austin, Texas.

Community First Village

Community First Village is a 51-acre master planned community that provides affordable, permanent housing and a supportive community for the disabled and homeless in Central Texas. Since 2005,this transformative residential program has been a part of Mobile Loaves &Fishes and has become the largest community-based model in the country lifting homeless men and women up off the streets into community and home.

Community Works

Mobile Loaves & Fishes developed the Community Works program at Community First Village. It provides job opportunities for the residents who are coming out of homelessness to earn an income. In addition, the program requests Mobile Loaves & Fishes volunteers to serve alongside and build enduring relationships with our friends as they develop new skills.

Opportunities for more volunteers

Thank you for your interest in Mobile Loaves & Fishes! We have a variety of volunteer opportunities. Please read the service requirements carefully before your application to fulfill service hours with MLF.

●Volunteer shifts are made available on a first-come, first-served basis.

●ALL volunteers under the age of 18 MUST be accompanied by an adult.

●All volunteers must wear specific clothing and shoes for that job.

●Volunteers must arrive on time or their shift will be rescheduled upon arrival.

1. What does Truck Ministry do with the homeless?

A. It removes them out of streets.

B. It offers them job opportunities.

C. It provides them a permanent house.

D. It delivers them more than a sandwich.

2.What do the residents of the Community Works do?

A. They become volunteers of MLF.

B. They are offered work to get money.

C. They prepare food for the program.

D. They build relationships with friends.

3. What is the purpose of the last part of the text?

A. To encourage donation.

B. To introduce the MLF.

C. To provide new services,

D. To advertise for more volunteers.

答案:

篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章是社会服务组织 Mobile Loaves& Fishes 招聘志愿者的广告。

1.D [细节理解题。根据 Truck Ministry 部分中的“Mobile Loaves & Fishes' food truck volunteers hit the streets 7 nights a week,365 days a year to serve the homeless, delivering food, clothing, hygiene products and other life items.(Mobile Loaves & Fishes的餐车志愿者每周7晚、一年365天走上街头，为无家可归者提供服务，运送食物、衣服、卫生用品和其他生活用品。)”可知，Truck Ministry 不仅仅为无家可归者提供三明治。故选D.]

2.B [细节理解题。根据 Community Works部分中的“It provides job opportunities for the residents who are coming out of homelessness to earn an income.(它为无家可归的居民提供了获得收入的工作机会。)”可知，Community Works为居民提供赚钱的工作机会。故选B.]

3.D[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Thank you for your interest in Mobile Loaves & Fishes! We have a variety of volunteer opportunities. Please read the service requirements carefully before your application to fulfill service hours with MLF.(谢谢你对Mobile Loaves & Fishes的关注！我们有各种各样的做志愿者的机会。请在申请前仔细阅读服务要求，以完成服务时间。)”可推知，本段的目的是招聘更多的志愿者。故选D.]

B

(2020·新高考II卷)The end of the school year was in sight and spirits were high. I was back teaching after an absence of15 years, dealing with the various kinds of “forbidden fruit" that come out of book bags. Now was the spring of the water pistol.

I decided to think up a method of dealing with forbidden fruit.

“Please bring that pistol to me,” I said. “I'm going to put it in my Grandma's Box.”

“What's that?” they asked.

“It's a large wooden chest full of toys for my grandchildren,” I replied.

“You don't have grandchildren,” someone said.

“I don't now. ”I replied. “But someday I will. When I do, my box will be full of wonderful things for them.”

My imaginary Grandma's Box worked like magic that spring, and later. Sometimes, students would ask me to describe all the things I had in it. Then I would try to remember the different possessions I supposedly had taken away-since I seldom actually kept them. Usually the offender would appear at the end of the day, and I would return the belonging.

The years went by, and my first grandchild Gordon was born. I shared my joy with that year's class. Then someone said, “Now you can use your Grandma's Box. " From then on instead of coming to ask their possessions back, the students would say, “That's okay. Put it in your Grandma's Box for Gordon.”

I loved talking about the imaginary box, not only with my students but also with my own children. They enjoyed hearing about all the forbidden fruit I had collected. Then one Christmas I received a surprise gift-a large, beautifully made wooden chest. My son Bruce had made my Grandma's Box a reality.

4.What was the author's purpose in having the conversation with the students?

A. To collect the water pistol.

B. To talk about her grandchildren.

C. To recommend some toys.

D. To explain her teaching method.

5. What do the underlined words “the offender” in Paragraph 8 refer to?

A. The student's parent.

B. The maker of the Grandma's Box.

C. The author's grandchild.

D. The owner of the forbidden fruit.

6. What did the students do after they learned about the birth of Gordon?

A. They went to play with the baby.

B. They asked to see the Grandma's Box.

C. They made a present for Gordon.

D. They stopped asking their toys back.

7.What can we infer about the author?

A. She enjoys telling jokes.

B. She is a strict and smart teacher.

C. She loves doing woodwork.

D. She is a responsible grandmother.

答案:

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了没收学生们带到学校的玩具，想出了一个“奶奶的盒子”的办法，体现了教师的智慧和师生温情。

4.A [细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“I was back teaching after an absence of 15 years, dealing with the various kinds of 'forbidden fruit' that come out of book bags. Now was the spring of the water pistol.(在缺席了15年之后，我又回到了教书的地方，处理从书包里掏出的各种各样的“违禁品＇。现在流行的是水枪。)”以及第三段内容可知，作者与学生进行对话的目的是没收水枪。故选A.]

5.D [词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“I would return the belonging”，并结合上文提到作者把学生带到学校的玩具称为“违禁品”，且作者的“盒子”里装的就是“违禁品”，所以作者等到这些“违禁品”的拥有者在一天结束的时候出现，然后就会归还他们的物品。由此可知，画线词意思为“＇违禁品＇的拥有者”。故选D.]

6.D [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句＂From then on instead of coming to ask their possessions back, the students would say,' That Put it in your Grandma's Box for Gordon.'(从那时起，学生们不再来要求归还他们的阮具，而是说：没关系。把它放在你给戈登的奶奶的盒子里吧。”“可知，学生们在得知了戈登的出生后，他们不再索要玩具。放选D.]

7.B [推理判断题。根据文章中作者要没收学生们从书包里掏出的各种各样的“违禁品”，说明作者对待学生很严格；同时作者又想出了“奶奶的盒子”这个方法来收集学生们的玩具，说明作者很聪明，由此可推知，作者是一个严格而聪明的老师。故选B.]

七选五

(2022·福建省厦门第一中学月考)Open an app at your smart phone and scan the code bar on the garbage can. When you throw garbage into the garbage can, it will show the weight of the garbage and the points you can get from doing so.  1  It will become more popular in the future. Yes, we are talking about the smart garbage can.

2  The environmental problems have become constant headaches in the development of those cities. Encouraging garbage classification has become an effective way.

In some cities, a variety of multifunctional smart garbage cans are being put into use. In Beijing, for example, a smart garbage can is equipped with an LED screen, which not only shows national policies on garbage classification but also shows the correct steps for garbage sorting. It can also calculate the weight of the garbage and the accumulated points one can get. They can be traded for some articles of daily use.  3  Its body is actually

a screen. It is equipped with some Internal sensors. When people throw garbage into it, the internal sensors can automatically tell the types of the garbage. Meanwhile, people can see how to deal with them.  4 

Garbage disposal is a small issue that involves everybody each day. However, it is also a big issue.  5  With smart garbage cans in our daily life, the idea of garbage sorting will become more established. Our dream of building a greener and more beautiful China will come true so long as we start to make small changes right now.

A. Garbage sorting has been a new fashion.

B. Another kind of garbage can is even smarter,

C. It is no wonder that residents cheered for their presence.

D. Such a way of handling garbage has appeared in some cities.

E. It will affect China's transformation towards green development.

F. Over 200 million tons of garbage is produced each year in some cities.

G. The good habit of garbage classification can improve the living environment.

1. ___________     2. ___________     3. ___________     4. ___________     5. ___________    

答案:

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能垃圾桶在城市的试用，并有望得到推广，有助于中国的绿色发展转型。

1.D [根据上文“Open an app at your smart phone and scan the code bar on the garbage can. When you throw garbage into the garbage can, it will show the weight of the garbage and the points you can get from doing so.(在智能手机上打开一个应用程序，扫描垃圾桶上的条形码。当你把垃圾扔进垃圾桶时，它会显示垃圾的重量和你可以从中得到的积分。)”可知，上文谈到了扫码扔垃圾的方式，D项中提到的“Such a way of handling garbage”与之呼应。下文“It will become more popular in the future.”提到它会变得更流行，D项(这样一种处理垃圾的方式已经出现在一些城市。)承上启下。故选D.]

2.F [根据下文“The environmental problems have become constant headaches in the development of those cities. Encouraging garbage classification has become an effective way.”可知，下文提到在城市的发展过程中环境问题成为令人头疼的问题。F项(每年一些城市造成2亿多吨垃圾。)指出了环境问题，引出下文。故选F.]

3.B [根据本段首句“In some cities, a variety of multifunctional smart garbage cans are being put into use.(在一些城市，各种多功能智能垃圾桶正在投入使用。)”可知，该段主要讲述两种智能垃圾桶，设空前介绍了装有LED屏幕的垃圾桶，设空后介绍了装有感应器的垃圾桶，此种垃圾桶更加智能。B项(另一种垃圾桶更智能。)符合语境。故选B.]

4.C [上文“When people throw garbage ... to deal with them.”提到了智能垃圾桶的智能之处，C项(难怪居民们都为它们的出现而欢呼。)承接上文。故选C.]

5.E[根据上文“Garbage disposal is a small issue that involves everybody each day. However, it is also a big issue.(垃圾处理是一个每天涉及到每个人的小问题。然而，这也是一个大问题。)”可知，上文指出垃圾处理也是个大问题，设空处应该进一步解释。E项(它会影响中国向绿色发展转型。)指出了具体的问题，符合

语境。故选E.]

在语篇中提升

1.with 复合结构(A篇第二段)

翻译

①站着的时候别把双手插在口袋里。

Don't stand_________________________________.

②随着考试的临近，复习课堂笔记是个好主意。

_________________________________，it's a good idea to review your class notes.

③随着这个问题的解决，新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。

_________________________________， neomycin 1 is now in regular production.

④由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。

So in the afternoon, _________________________________，I went on a round of the bookshops.

2.as(A篇第四段)

翻译

①山河依旧。

The mountains and rivers remain______________________ before.

②考虑到天气不好，我们只好推迟行期。

______________________is so bad, we have to delay our journey.

③随着时间的推移，这孩子也认识到了自己的错误。

______________________，the boy came to realize his mistakes.

④尽管他们很快乐，但总缺少点什么。

Happy______________________，there was something missing.

3. forbidden(B篇第一段)

(1)单句语法填空

①My parents forbid me___________ (stay) out at night

②Smoking is strictly___________ (forbid).

(2)翻译

I forbid you to use my computer.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

4.equip vt. ___________(七选五第三段)

→equipment n. ______________________

单句语法填空

Our school offers good___________ and you will be well___________ with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip)

答案:

1.形容词 副词 介词短语 现在分词 过去分词 动词不定式名词

翻译

①with your hands in your pockets   ②With exams approaching

③With this problem solved   ④with nothing to do

2.时间状语 原因状语 让步状语 倒装 though 方式状语 比较状语 非限制性定语

翻译

①as they were  ②As the weather  ③As time went by ④as/though they were

3.禁止；不准；妨碍 制止／阻止某人做某事 禁止某人做某事禁止的；不准的；被忌讳的 严禁

(1)单句语法填空

①to stay

(2)翻译

我不许你用我的电脑。

4.装备，配备 设备；配备，装备

单句语法填空

equipment; equipped