Unit 5 Humans and Nature 单元同步检测（四）-2022-2023学年高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册(含答案)

这是一份Unit 5 Humans and Nature 单元同步检测（四）-2022-2023学年高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册(含答案)，共9页。
UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE单元同步检测（四）一.单词拼写1.So far, scientists haven’t 　　　　(证明)it is true.  2.She answered all my questions with her usual 　　　　(诚实).  3.The nursery is bright and 　　　　(令人愉快的)with plenty of toys.  4.The lion dance performers need to have a solid 　　　　(基础) of kung fu skills first.  5.I live on an island that borders the 　　　　(大陆) of Australia.  6.The c　　　　 of the ship was advised to turn back due to a sudden heavy storm.  7.No one will ever know what mix of talent, 　　　　/æmˈbɪʃn/, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. 8.The p　　　　 bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. 二.单句语法填空1.As we left, we had a photograph 　　　　　(take) together. 2.I wasn’t 　　　　　(bravery)enough to tell her what I thought of her.  3.In preparation 　　　　　 lectures, I urge you to do some reading.4.It was with 　　　　　(sincere) and faithfulness that we created a harmonious(和谐的)atmosphere.  5.The two countries are going to meet to break 　　　　　 some trade barriers between them.6.While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that 　　　　　(explore).  7.　　　　　(anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn’t fit.  8.Mr. Smith was the first 　　　　　(leave) on September 10th.  9.The elephant had heard the 　　　　　(distance) alarm calls of animals and her mood suddenly changed. 三.语法填空On 1 June, 1910, Captain Scott began his journey 　1　 Antarctica. At the same time, the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen was also going south. During the polar summer, both teams organised food bases in 　2　(prepare) for their journeys. Amundsen reached the Antarctic first. Then he prepared for the return journey. Scott 　3　(final) arrived at the Pole. They 　4　(shock) when they saw the Norwegian flag. Scott wrote sadly in his diary: “Well, we have now lost the goal of our ambition and must face 800 miles of hard pushing—and goodbye to most of our 　5　(dream).”  The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration. The weather conditions were terrible. Scott realised their 　6　(hope) situation: “We are very cheerful, but what each man feels in his heart...” Then a terrible storm started. Scott spent some of his last hours 　7　(write). He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife. The news of Scott’s death shocked 　8　 world. He had failed 　9　(win) the race to the Pole, but the extraordinary courage 　10　(show) by Captain Scott and his men made them heroes.  1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 四.阅读理解AIn the past 50 years, the amount of water in the open ocean with zero oxygen has gone up more than fourfold. In coastal water bodies, including river mouths and seas, low-oxygen sites have increased more than tenfold since 1950. Scientists expect oxygen to continue dropping even outside these zones as the Earth warms.“Oxygen is fundamental to life in the ocean,” said Denise Breitburg, a marine ecologist at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center. “The decline in ocean oxygen ranks among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth’s environment. Actually, it’s a great loss to all the support services that rely on recreation and tourism, including hotels, restaurants, taxis and everything else. The reverberations(影响) of unhealthy ecosystems in the ocean can be extensive.”In areas traditionally called “dead zones”, like those in the Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, oxygen plummets(暴跌) to so low levels that many animals die. As fish avoid these zones, their habitats become smaller and they’re easier to be attacked or caught. But the problem goes far beyond “dead zones”. Even smaller oxygen decline can prevent growth in animals, hinder reproduction and lead to disease or even death. It also can cause the release of dangerous chemicals such as nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas up to 300 times more powerful than carbon dioxide. While some animals can boom in “dead zones”, overall biodiversity falls.Climate change is the key criminal in the open ocean. Warming surface waters make it harder for oxygen to reach the inside of the ocean. Furthermore, as the ocean as a whole gets warmer, it holds less oxygen. In coastal waters, too much nutrient pollution from land creates algal blooms, which run out of oxygen as they die and break down.People’s livelihoods are also on the line, the scientists reported, especially in developing nations. Smaller fisheries(渔场)may be unable to relocate when low oxygen destroys their harvests or forces fish to move elsewhere. So we humans have to carry on a war now and win the war.1.What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?A.The ocean has been losing its oxygen.B.The amount of sea water is increasing.C.The coastal water bodies are dangerous.D.The Earth becomes warmer and warmer.2.What can we infer from Denise Breitburg’s words?A.Different oceans have different levels of oxygen.B.The decline in ocean oxygen has great influences.C.The future of tourism relies on the levels of ocean oxygen.D.The decrease in ocean oxygen is the most serious environment problem.3.How does the “dead zone” affect sea animals?A.It offers more food.B.It forms dangerous gas.C.It reduces their living areas.D.It produces more carbon dioxide.4.How can we win the war according to the text?A.By closing smaller fisheries.B.By controlling humans’ bad activities.C.By improving people’s living standards.D.By stopping nutrients entering the ocean. BThere’s nothing like having a best friend forever—that person who you can have fun with and talk to. July 30 is the International Day of Friendship. Maybe you can keep an eye out for a new friend to get to know. And while we’re talking about friends, don’t think humans are the only ones who know a thing or two about friendship. Check out these friendly animals in nature who help each other out.Can an elephant and an olive baboon(东非狒狒)be friends? It sounds strange, but it’s true. You can find this pair of friends in the grasslands of Africa. This unusual pair helps each other out like any good friends would. The elephant uses its front teeth to make a waterhole in the sand, and it lets the olive baboon have a drink from this “well” when it gets thirsty. In return, the baboon tells the elephant when danger is near. It climbs up to the treetops and calls out so its friend knows that it’s time to move on.In the sea world, the goby fish(虾虎鱼)and the shrimp(虾)are well-known for their friendship. While the shrimp provides a home for the goby fish, the goby fish provides a guidance service for the almost blind shrimp. You see, the goby has great eyesight(视力) and stays close to the shrimp. As the shrimp moves around, the shrimp is feeling the goby with its antenna(触须)from time to time to make sure it’s still there. If the goby senses danger, it will return to the home and the shrimp will follow.The langur monkey has a very good friendship with the chital deer. While the langur monkey eats in a tree, it drops leaves to the ground. This is good for the deer because sometimes there’s not much food. The deer will follow the monkey and eat whatever food is dropped. And in return, when the monkey comes down from the tree, the deer will put its foot down heavily to tell the monkey if it senses danger.5.How can an elephant help an olive baboon?A.By providing protection.B.By providing a home.C.By providing water.D.By providing information.6.What does a shrimp do when moving around in the sea?A.It never swims far from its home.B.It goes home from time to time.C.It uses its antenna for directions.D.It stays close to the goby fish.7.What do the olive baboon and the chital deer have in common?A.They warn their friends of danger.B.They live together with their friends.C.They have a good sense of smell.D.They have good eyesight.8.What would be the best title for the text?A.Best friends foreverB.Friendships in the animal worldC.Love me, love my dogD.The International Day of Friendship五.七选五China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years. 　1　 Each species(物种)on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem. In recent decades, a series of wildlife-protection movements have been carried out by the central government. 　2　 The giant panda and the crested ibis are among these success stories. The giant panda used to have a population of 1,114 in the 1970s. It now totals 1,864 thanks to 52 protection areas. 　3　 By the end of last year, seven of the nine pandas released had survived in the wild. 　4　 In 1981, only seven crested ibises were found in Yang County, Shaanxi Province. Since then, breeding programs have helped the population reach 2,000. China has even sent crested ibises to Japan and South Korea in recent years to help with the species’ survival.  　5　 Key projects will be continually carried out to improve protection, including making the lists of wild animals and plants under state protection, and fighting against illegal wildlife trade. A.As environmental damage has increased, signs of change have appeared around the world.B.Another species was once thought to be extinct.C.Scientists have worked to feed pandas and then release them into the wild.D.People call for immediate protection of the remaining species.E.The protection of several species in danger of extinction has made impressive progress thanks to the methods.F.China will continue its efforts of the wildlife protection.G.Protecting wildlife is, without doubt, an important part.1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　      答案一.1.proved　2.honesty　3.cheerful　4.base 5.continent　6.captain　7.ambition　8.polar二.1.taken　考查过去分词。句意:临走时,我们一起照了张相。此处包含“have+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,名词 photograph与动词take之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作补语。2.brave　考查词性转换。句意:我没有足够的勇气告诉她我对她的看法。分析句子可知此处作表语,同时被enough修饰,应用形容词,故填brave。3.for　考查固定搭配。句意:为了准备演讲,我劝你们做一些阅读。 in preparation for...为……做准备。4.sincerity　考查名词。句意:我们正是用真诚和忠诚创造了一种和谐的气氛。根据句意及空后and faithfulness的提示可知此处用名词。5.down　考查固定短语。句意:这两个国家将举行会谈,以消除它们之间的一些贸易壁垒。break down消除,故填down。6.exploration　考查名词。句意:高中一般不鼓励学生探索生活的新方面,而大学为那种探索铺平了道路。根据句意可知此处用名词exploration 表示“探索;探究”。7.Anxiously　考查副词。句意:她焦急地从包裹里拿出那件连衣裙试穿,却发现它不合身。根据句意可知此处用副词作状语。8.to leave　考查非谓语动词。句意:史密斯先生是9月10日第一个离开的。the first to do sth.第一个做某事的,the first后常用不定式作定语。9.distant　考查形容词。句意:大象听到了远处动物的告警声,它的心情突然变了。根据句意可知此处用形容词修饰alarm calls。三.1.to　考查介词。句意:1910年6月1日,斯科特船长开始了他的南极之旅。此处表示通往某地,应用介词to。2.preparation　考查名词。句意:在极地的夏季,两支队伍都组织了食物基地,为他们的旅行做准备。in preparation for...为……做准备,为固定短语。3.finally　考查副词。句意:斯科特终于到达了南极。根据句意可知此处用副词作状语,修饰动词arrived。4.were shocked　考查动词的时态和语态。句意:当他们看到挪威国旗时都惊呆了。They与shock之间为被动关系,且由上下文可知,应用一般过去时,所以填were shocked。5.dreams　考查名词复数。句意:……向我们的大部分梦想说再见。dream为可数名词,根据句意及空前的most of our的提示可知此处用名词复数。6.hopeless　考查形容词。句意:斯科特意识到他们绝望的现状……。此处应用形容词修饰名词,由上一句可知天气状况很糟糕,所以此处用hopeless,表示“绝望的”。 7.writing　考查动名词。句意:斯科特把他最后的几个小时用来写作。此处为“sb. spend+时间+(in) doing sth.”结构,所以用动名词。8.the　考查冠词。句意:斯科特的死讯震惊了世界。 world意为“世界”时,其前常用定冠词the。9.to win　考查动词不定式。fail to do sth.未能做成某事。故填to win。10.shown　考查过去分词。句意:……但斯科特船长和他的船员们表现出的非凡勇气使他们成了英雄。此处courage与show之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。四.                                                              A1.A　主旨大意题。通过第一段可知,海洋面临的现状:在过去的50年里,海洋中零氧水域的水量增加了四倍多。低氧场所自1950年以来增加了十多倍。通过这些现状,科学家预计,随着地球变暖,即使在这些区域之外,氧气也会继续下降。由此可知海洋正在失去氧气,故选A。2.B　推理判断题。根据第二段Denise Breitburg说的“The decline in ocean oxygen ranks among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth’s environment...The reverberations(影响) of unhealthy ecosystems in the ocean can be extensive.”可知,海洋氧气的减少是人类活动对地球环境最严重的影响之一,这种不健康的海洋生态系统的影响会很大。由此可见海洋氧气含量的减少有很大影响,故选B。D项属于偷换概念。3.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In areas traditionally called ‘dead zones’...oxygen plummets(暴跌) to so low levels that many animals die. As fish avoid these zones, their habitats become smaller and they’re easier to be attacked or caught.”可知,“死亡地带”的氧气含量大幅下跌,导致许多动物死去。当鱼类避开这些区域时,它们的栖息地变小,它们更容易被攻击或捕获。故选C。4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知低氧影响人们的生计,再由第二段中的“The decline in ocean oxygen ranks among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth’s environment.”可知,是人类活动造成了海洋氧气减少,所以要解决此问题必须控制人类的有害活动,故选B。B5.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The elephant uses its front teeth to make a waterhole in the sand, and it lets the olive baboon have a drink from this ‘well’ when it gets thirsty.”可知,大象用象牙在沙子上挖一个水坑,当东非狒狒口渴的时候,让它从这口“井”里喝水。故选C。6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“You see, the goby has great eyesight(视力) and stays close to the shrimp. As the shrimp moves around, the shrimp is feeling the goby with its antenna(触须) from time to time to make sure it’s still there.”可知,虾虎鱼有很好的视力,且与虾保持很近的距离。当虾四处移动时,虾不时地用它的触须感觉到虾虎鱼,以确保它还在那里。所以当虾在海里游动时,它与虎虾鱼保持很近的距离。故选D。7.A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In return, the baboon tells the elephant when danger is near.”可知,作为回报,当危险来临的时候,狒狒会告诉大象。根据最后一段中的“And in return, when the monkey comes down from the tree, the deer will put its foot down heavily to tell the monkey if it senses danger.”可知,作为回报,当猴子从树上下来的时候,鹿会重重地放下它的脚,来告诉猴子它是否感觉到危险。综上可知,东非狒狒和花鹿的共同点是,它们警告它们的朋友有危险。故选A。8.B　主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Check out these friendly animals in nature who help each other out.”及下文所讲述的三对动物之间的友谊可知,本文介绍了一些动物之间的友谊,故B项“动物世界的友谊”可作为本文的标题。 五.1.G　根据前文“China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years.”可知,在过去的70年里,中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的进步。再根据后文“Each species(物种)on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem.”可知,地球上的每一个物种都在生态系统中扮演着重要的角色。由此可知,G项“保护野生动物无疑是一个重要的环节。”承上启下,符合语境。故选G。2.E　根据前文“In recent decades, a series of wildlife-protection movements have been carried out by the central government.”可知,近几十年来,中央政府开展了一系列的野生动物保护运动。由此可知,E项“一些濒临灭绝的物种的保护由于采取了这些措施而取得了令人瞩目的进步。”概括了上文提到的运动的成果,并引出下文的“The giant panda and the crested ibis”的例子。故选E。3.C　根据后文“By the end of last year, seven of the nine pandas released had survived in the wild.”可知,到去年年底,放归的9只大熊猫中有7只在野外存活了下来。由此可知,C项“科学家们一直致力于喂养大熊猫,然后将它们放归野外。”符合语境。故选C。4.B　根据后文可知,1981年,在陕西省的洋县,只发现七只朱鹮。而近年来,中国甚至将朱鹮送往日本和韩国,以帮助该物种生存。由此可知,B项“另一个物种曾经被认为已经灭绝。”引出下文,符合语境。故选B。5.F　根据后文提到继续实施重点保护工程,包括制定国家保护野生动植物名录和打击非法野生动物贸易可知,F项“中国将不断努力进行野生动物保护。”符合语境。故选F。