2022秋新教材高中英语Unit11ConflictandCompromisePeriod5WritingWorkshop课件北师大版选择性必修第四册

这是一份2022秋新教材高中英语Unit11ConflictandCompromisePeriod5WritingWorkshop课件北师大版选择性必修第四册，共60页。

UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISEPeriod Five　Writing Workshop课前自主预习1．ban vt. ______________ n.____________2．invest vi. &vt. ______________ 3．tobacco n.____________4．cigarette n.____________5．alcohol n.________________6．fried adj. __________________¤重点单词禁止，取缔　禁令，禁止　投资　烟叶，烟草　香烟　含酒精饮品；酒　　油炸的，油煎的　7．___________ vt. 伤害 n.损害，危害8．___________ n.税，税款9．___________ adj. 不正确的，错的；假的，不真实的10．___________ adj. 理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的11．___________adj. 有利的，有帮助的，有用的12．___________ vt. 作出结论，推断出harm　tax　false　desirable　beneficial　conclude　1．an opinion essay _________________________2．result in ________________3．bring in ________________4．be beneficial to… ________________5．health of nation ________________¤重点词块一份意见性文章/评论性文章　导致；结果　带来；引起　有利于；有益于　民族的健康　6．根据某人的观点 ________________7．例如 ________________8．更进一步 ________________9．不太可能 ________________10．总之 ________________in one’s opinion　such as　go further　much less likely to　to conclude　(P40)_____________(总之), laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy products are beneficial to society. 【答案】To conclude¤重点句式课堂新知讲练1．cigarette n.香烟(P40)In many countries, there are already laws which do not allow advertising for tobacco products like cigarettes. 【翻译】在很多国家，已经有不允许登烟草产品广告的法律，如香烟。◇词汇拓讲【语言提升】cigarette 纸烟；香烟；卷烟(复数为cigarettes)A cigarette spark started the fire. 香烟的火星引起了火灾。There is not any cigarette in that box. 那个盒子里没有香烟。No cigarette is completely harmless. 没有香烟是完全无害的。Drop your cigarette ashes into the ashtray. 请把香烟灰弹在烟灰缸里。Watching her, I lit a cigarette and said I didn’t think a sense of humour was of any use in a real cinch. 我点了一根香烟，望着她说，我认为，在生活真正陷入窘境的时候幽默感没有什么用场。【归纳拓展】cigarette case 香烟盒cigarette holder 烟斗cigarette paper 卷烟纸；香烟纸；自卷烟纸；盘纸cigarette lighter 打火机electronic cigarette 电子烟；电子香烟cigarette smoking 吸烟cigarette ash 烟灰cigarette end 烟头cigarette box 香烟盒【易混辨析】cigar，cigarette，tobacco这些名词均有“烟”之意。 cigar指雪茄烟。cigarette指纸烟。tobacco指烟草、烟叶、烟丝。【针对练习】完成句子(1)The cause of the fire was ____________. 火灾的起因是一个烟头。(2)This time he left some __________ in one of our drawers. 这一次他留下来一些烟灰在我们的抽屉里。【答案】(1)a cigarette end　(2)cigarette ash(3)__________ is responsible for about 90% of deaths from lung cancer. 因患肺癌而死亡者，约90%是吸烟所致。(4)Even the smallest metallic object, whether a nail file or ________________，is immediately confiscated. 即便是最小的金属物品，不论是指甲锉刀还是打火机，都会立刻被没收。【答案】(3)Cigarette smoking　(4)cigarette lighter2．harm vt. 伤害 n.损害，危害(P40)Undoubtedly, unhealthy products harm our health. 【翻译】毋庸置疑，不健康的产品有害于我们的健康。【语言提升】harm n.伤害；损失；损害；坏处；危险v．伤害；不利于；有损于；损害……的健康过去式：harmed过去分词：harmed　现在分词：harming第三人称单数：harms　复数：harmsHot water will harm the plants. 热水会伤害花草。He would never harm anyone. 他永远不会伤害任何人。Did the storm do any harm to the corn?风暴损害庄稼了没有？Never do anything to harm the interests of the people. 决不能做损害人民利益的事。Everyone should learn to indemnify oneself against harm. 每个人都应当学会使自己不受伤害。harmful adj. 有害的；能造成损害的Continuous exposure to sound above 80 decibels could be harmful. 持续暴露于超过80分贝的声音可能对身体有害。harmfully adv. 有害地；伤害地Frequent excessive consumption can harmfully interfere with the user’s well-being. 频繁过多地使用就会对使用者造成内在的危害。harmfulness n.伤害；有害The cause and harmfulness of blowout out of control in the oil and gas fields are analyzed in this paper. 本文分析了油气田井喷失控的原因和危害。harmless adj. 无害的；无恶意的Although it may look unpleasant, this condition is harmless and usually clears up with regular shampooing. 尽管这可能不好看，但这种情况是无害的，并且经常洗头通常可以消除它。harmlessness n. 无害，无害性；无恶意The right use of power is power based upon harmlessness. 权力的正确用法是基于无害之上。【归纳拓展】do harm to 有害于；有损于come to harm 遭受不幸；受到损害【易混辨析】hurt，injure，wound，harm，damage，disable这些动词均有“损害，伤害”之意。hurt是普通用词，较口语化，侧重指给有生命的东西造成机体上或精神、感情上的或轻或重的伤害。injure较hurt正式，多用于有生命的事物；既可指损害别人的物品，如伤害别人的健康、外貌、自尊心、名誉等，又可指使别人受伤或东西受损，同时含有受伤害部分至少暂时丧失功能的意味。wound专指对身体的重伤，尤指在战斗中受的伤，强调外部创伤；也可指精神方面的伤害。 harm主要用于有生命的东西，语气略强于injure，指引起严重的痛苦和损伤；有时也用于抽象事物，指造成任何不良后果。 damage通常指对无生命物体的损害，并有降低其价值，破坏其功能等的后果。 disable强调使伤残。【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)Testers have to be sure that new drugs will not interact ____________ (harmful)．(2)The human organ trade has great __________(harmful) to public society. 【答案】(1)harmfully　(2)harmfulness　(3)Women’s magazines just don’t publish articles on the ____________ (harm) effects of smoking. (4)Cell phone companies have been all too eager to stress their products’ ____________ (harmless)．【答案】(3)harmful　(4)harmlessness　完成句子(5)All dogs are capable of ______________ human beings. 所有的狗都能对人造成伤害。(6)This experiment __________________ the animals. 这个实验对动物无害。【答案】(5)doing harm to　(6)was harmless to　(7)The drug is to be reclassified after trials showed it to ______________ previously thought. 试验显示，这种药比先前想象的危害更大，要重新归类。【答案】(7)be more harmful than 3．desirable adj. 理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的(P40)It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food. 【翻译】很明显，限制速食品的电视广告是值得做的。【语言提升】desirable　adj. 合意的；理想的；可取的；动人的比较级：more desirable　最高级：most desirable n．称心如意的东西；合意的人；好的品质(复数为desirables)Prolonged negotiation was not desirable. 拖得很长的谈判是不受欢迎的。It is desirable that interest rates be reduced. 利率下调是可取的。When I do my best to imagine some kind of existence that would be desirable or attractive forever, it just doesn’t work. It becomes a nightmare. 当我尽我所能去想象一种永远令人向往或有吸引力的存在时，根本想象不出。那总会变成一场噩梦。desirably adv. 令人向往地；合意地；有魅力地Exceed their expectations desirably. 超越他们的预期。desirableness n.满意；愿望desirability n.愿望；有利条件；值得向往的事物；合意(复数 desirabilities)Almost all advocates of early withdrawal stress the desirability of co-operation with Iraq’s neighbours. 几乎所有支持尽早撤军的人都强调与伊拉克邻国合作的意愿。desire n.欲望；要求，心愿vt. 想要；要求；希望得到……　vi. 渴望I had a strong desire to help and care for people. 我有一股强烈的渴望去帮助和关心他人。【归纳拓展】desire to 希望desire for 渴望；要求desirable partner 理想的伙伴desirable criteria 理想标准desirable effect 最佳效果【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)Such measures are ____________(desire), if not essential. (2)No one questions the ____________(desirable) of cheaper fares. 【答案】(1)desirable　(2)desirability　(3)I would like to make friends with my goddess you so ____________ (desirable)．(4)They were asked to bear in mind factors such as originality, authenticity, ____________ (desirable) and uniqueness. (5)Crawford suggested the greater ____________(desirable) of some carriage which might convey more than two. 【答案】(3)desirably　(4)desirability　(5)desirableness完成句子(6)She _________ be a dancer but failed to make the grade. 她渴望成为一名舞蹈家但没有成功。(7)Everyone ______________ success, but not everyone has the courage and determination to pursue it. 每个人都渴望成功，但并不是每个人都有勇气和决心去追求成功。【答案】(6)had a strong desire to　(7)has a desire for4．conclude vt. 做出结论，推断出(P40)To conclude, laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy products are beneficial to society. 【翻译】总之，禁止不健康产品的电视广告的法律对社会是大有裨益的。【语言提升】conclude　vt. 使结束；做出结论；推断；断定；总结；结束；下结论；订立；缔结；决定过去式：concluded过去分词：concluded　现在分词：concluding第三人称单数：concludesSo what should we conclude from these data?我们能从这些数据中得出什么结论呢？From the evidence I must conclude that you are wrong. 从证据看，我敢断定你错了。He had concluded that his beloved career was robbing him of his life. 他得出结论说，他所热爱的事业正在夺走他的生命。concluding adj. 最后的；结尾的；结束的His concluding keynote speech was the highlight of the conference, in my opinion. 依我来看，她结束时的主旨发言是研讨会的重点。conclusion n.结论；结局；推论(复数 conclusions)She considers that it is too early to form a definite conclusion. 她认为下确切的结论还为时过早。conclusive adj. 决定性的；最后的；确实的；确定性的Her attorneys claim there is no conclusive evidence that any murders took place. 她的律师们声称没有任何发生过谋杀的确凿证据。conclusively adv. 最后地；决定性地She said if the world did not act conclusively now, it would only bequeath the problem to future generations. 她说如果世人现在不采取正确的行动，那只会把问题遗留给后代。【归纳拓展】conclude with… 以……结束in conclusion 总之come to a conclusion 得出结论；告终draw a conclusion 得出结论；推断【易混辨析】infer，deduce，conclude，gather，judge这些动词均含“推断”之意。 infer指从已提供的论据或从已接受的前提出发而推断出的结论。 deduce指有充分根据的推论，也指逻辑学上的演绎。 conclude指得出符合逻辑的结论。 gather指从听到的情况推测、判定。 judge多指经过仔细鉴定或评价之后做出决断。【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)Let me make just a few __________(conclude)remarks. (2)It is entirely possible, but not yet ____________ (conclusive) proven. 【答案】(1)concluding　(2)conclusively(3)Larry ____________(conclude) that he had no choice but to accept Paul’s words as the truth. (4)At the ____________(conclude) of the programme, I asked the children if they had any questions they wanted to ask me. (5)If you want change in your life to be permanent, strong, and ____________(conclude), you need a support group. 【答案】(3)had concluded　(4)conclusion　(5)conclusive完成句子(6)Let’s _____________ some tips for putting this idea into practice. 让我们来总结一些把这个想法付诸实践的小提示吧。(7)So what can we _____________ this debate? 那么从这场辩论中我们能推断出什么呢？【答案】(6)conclude with　(7)conclude from(8)The evening _____________ dinner and speeches. 这个夜晚以晚宴和演讲告一段落。(9)Over the years I’ve _______________ that she’s a very great musician. 这些年我得出的结论是，她是一位非常伟大的音乐家。【答案】(8)concluded with　(9)come to the conclusion(10)________________，walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable, and readily available form of exercise. 综上所述，散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣而又随时可以开展的运动形式。【答案】(10)In conclusion(P40)To conclude, laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy products are beneficial to society. 【翻译】总之，禁止不健康产品的电视广告的法律对社会是大有裨益的。【句式剖析】to conclude意为“总之；总而言之；最后”。不定式作独立成分，表示总结。◇句式解读【句式提升】to conclude常用作插入语。To conclude, I wish to thank all of you for your continuous interest in and strong support for China’s development and China-US friendship. 最后，我要感谢你们长期关心和大力支持中国发展与中美友谊。To conclude: Before we can understand each other and resolve our differences, we must understand where we come from and recognise our primal urges for what they are. 总而言之，在我们互相了解，解决分歧之前，我们必须明白自身的处境，意识到最后人类本身最初的欲望。类似地，表示“总结”的表达还有：in short, in a word, in brief, all in all, in conclusion。In brief, the world is in deep recession. 简言之，世界正陷入深度衰退。In a word, that boy had everything that goes to make life precious. 总而言之，那个男孩拥有一切让他的生命变得珍贵的东西。In short, everything succeeded so well that the youngest daughter began to think the master of the house was a mighty civil gentleman. 总之，一切都进行得很顺利，因此小女儿就开始认为这家的主人是一位非常有礼貌的绅士。All in all, at least at this stage, it’s unlikely that online learning will evolve into the dominant form of education. 总而言之，至少在现阶段，网上学习不太可能发展成为教育的主导形式。【针对练习】完成句子(1)________ ________ ________，it had been a great success. 总的说来，那是一个巨大的成功。(2)________ ________，it can be a chore. 总之，它可能是一件苦差事。【答案】(1)All in all　(2)In short　(3)________ ________ ________，they can do everything they like with money. 总之，他们用金钱能做到他们喜欢做的一切。(4)________ ________，the meeting was a disaster. 总之，那会议糟透了。【答案】(3)In a word　(4)In brief　(5)________ ________，I would like to borrow another ancient saying that “He laughs best who laughs last”．我将用另一句古语来总结这篇文章，即“笑到最后的人笑得最好”。【答案】(5)To conclude随堂知能小练一、单词拼写1．Canada will ________(禁止) smoking in all offices later this year. 2．Don’t indulge in rich sauces, ________(油炸的) food, and thick pastry as these are high in fat. 3．They might well be prepared to do you ________(伤害) in order to achieve their purpose. 【答案】1．ban　2．fried　3．harm　4．Although not essential, some prior knowledge of statistics is ________(值得拥有的)．5．It can be ________(有利的) to share your feelings with someone you trust. 6．From the three pieces of advice offered by the author, we can ________(推断出) that Yoga has nothing to do with culture. 【答案】4．desirable　5．beneficial　6．conclude二、单句语法填空1．Romance needs to be created; __________(desirable) seeking romance also becomes is not romantic. 2．They had the foresight ______(invest) in new technology. 3．We all know that baked or ________(fry) food may be tasty, but eating too much of them will probably lead to some illnesses. 【答案】1．desirably　2．to invest　3．fried4．His only vice(缺点) is to get drunk on champagne after __________(conclude) a successful piece of business. 5．Smoking is not only ________(harm) to smokers themselves, but also threatens other people’s health. 6．While a moderate amount of stress can be ________ (benefit), too much stress can exhaust you. 【答案】4．concluding　5．harmful　6．beneficial三、完成句子1．The technology, ____________，could have applications in such fields as military, medicine and public safety. 在我看来，这项技术可以应用于军事、医药和公共安全等领域。2．Lung cancer has now overtaken breast cancer _________ death for women in the U．S. 肺癌现在已经取代乳腺癌成为美国女性的一大杀手。【答案】1．in my opinion　2．as a cause of3．Modern computers can organise ____________ data very quickly. 现代计算机能迅速处理大量的信息资料。4．Research opportunities exist in ______________ areas. 研究机会存在于广泛的领域中。【答案】3．large amounts of　4．a wide range of5．________________，he served as a visiting professor at several American universities. 除此之外，他还是几所美国大学的访问教授。6．They also focus on deeper, more important qualities in the match that __________________ society. 他们也关注比赛中所体现的更深层次、更重要的特质，那些有利于社会的特质。【答案】5．In addition　6．are beneficial to写作高效提升regarding　关于complaint from　来自……的抱怨be in trouble　处于困境中；带来麻烦had a bad influence　有坏的影响◎话题短语take action　采取行动be grateful　不胜感激look into the matter　调查这个事情on the contrary　相反expecting an early reply　期待尽快的答复【引人入胜的开头句】This letter is a complaint concerning the actions of one of your salespersons. 这封信是关于你的一个销售人员的投诉。I am writing to express my dissatisfaction/disappointment/ concern regarding accommodation. 我写信是为了表达对住宿的不满/失望/担忧。◎话题佳句【精彩纷呈的篇中句】I must explain that the reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommate’s inconsiderate behaviour. 我必须说明，我不满的原因是我的室友不顾他人的行为。She then said in a rude tone that if I couldn’t find one, it meant that the store didn’t have it, and that I needed to look somewhere else. 然后她用粗鲁的声音说，如果我找不出一件，这意味着这家商店没有它，以及我需要到别处看看。【回味无穷的结尾句】I am sure you will agree that the only solution for me is to move into a room of my own. Therefore, I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as possible. 我相信你会同意，我唯一的解决办法就是搬进自己的房间里。因此，如果你能为我找到一个单间，最好不要在同一栋建筑，但尽可能靠近大学校园，我将不胜感激。I felt that Ms. Wang was rude. I hope that you will look into the matter: I shop frequently at your store and I look forward to a more pleasurable shopping experience next time. 我觉得，王女士很粗鲁。我期望你会调查此事：我经常在你们店里购物，我期待着下次购物会有一个更愉快的购物经验。【写作任务】假定你是李华，看过广告你买了某家公司的一种面霜(the cream)。广告说这种面霜含有一系列特殊物质，安全、有效，可以消除脸上的斑点(spot)。但你第一次涂在脸上之后的第二天早上，就感到痒(tickle)，像虫子在爬。而且用得越多，症状越严重。这严重影响了你的工作和生活。请你用英语写一封100词左右的投诉信说明情况，并要求该公司退货、支付医疗费用并严肃调查此事。◎写作范例【写作指导】一、审题1．确定体裁：本文为投诉信；2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第一人称；3．确定时态：本文时态主要应用一般现在时和一般过去时。二、构思第一部分：引出主题，说明投诉原因；第二部分：详细说出投诉要点，给出具体的信息；第三部分：说出要求。【学以致用】重点短语1．抱怨 __________2．一系列的 __________3．去除 __________4．好像 __________Keys：1．complain about　2．a range of/a series of3．keep…out of/remove4．as if/as though　5．意识到 __________6．副作用 __________7．调查 __________8．打算做某事 __________Keys：5．be aware of/realize6．side effect　7．look into/research8．be intended to do sth. /plan to do sth. 完成句子1．在广告中，你们声称：面霜含有一系列特殊物质，安全、有效，可以消除脸上的斑点。In your advertisement, you claim that the cream has ____________ special materials and is __________，and it can keep the spots out of the face. Keys：1．a range of；safe and effective　2．我第一次将其抹在脸上时，是认真按照说明操作的。____________________ I applied it to my face, I followed the instructions carefully. 3．我感到痒，像虫子在爬。I felt my face tickling__________something were crawling. Keys：　2．The first time　3．as if4．我用得越多，症状越严重。________________ I used it, ______________ the symptom became. 5．这种面霜，严重影响了我的生活和工作。The cream __________________ my life and work. Keys：4．The more; the worse　5．greatly affected6．我要求该公司退掉面霜、支付医疗费用并严肃调查此事。I want to send back this cream, meanwhile your company should ______________ the cost of medical service for my treatment and ______________ the matter seriously. Keys：6．pay for; look into句式改写7．用which引导的非限制性定语从句升级句1In your advertisement, you claim that the cream has a range of special materials and is safe and effective，______________. 8．用强调句式改写句5__________ greatly affected my life and work. Keys：7．which can keep the spots out of the face8．It was the cream that 【参考范文】Dear Manager，I’m writing to complain about your awful product “No spot” cream. In your advertisement, you claim that the cream has a range of special materials and is safe and effective, which can keep the spots out of the face. The first time I applied it to my face, I followed the instructions carefully. To my surprise, the next morning, I felt my face tickling as if something were crawling. And during the following days, the more I used it, the worse the symptom became. And it was the cream that greatly affected my life and work. And I was aware of being cheated. You have guaranteed that your products are safe and never have you mentioned the side effect. I want to send back this cream, meanwhile your company should pay for the cost of medical service for my treatment and look into the matter seriously. If not, I’m intended to accuse your company. I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Your sincerely，Li Hua假定你是一位名叫李明的乘客，你对这次航行不满意，理由有四个：1．航空公司把你一个重要的包弄丢了，包内有一份公司重要文件；2．飞机迟到一个半小时；3．飞机上的食物质量很差；4．机场的服务员态度也不好。请就此事用英语给航空公司写一封投诉信。◎写作练笔注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Dear Manager，My name is Li Ming. I am a passenger of your airline. I am writing this letter about your service. I am sorry to say that I’m very unhappy about your airline. Firstly, your airline lost one of my bags in which there is an important file. Secondly, my plane was one and a half hours late. Thirdly, the food on the plane was terrible. Fourthly, I hate to have to say this, but I think that the attendants at the airport were unfriendly and impolite. Honestly speaking, the focus of my complaint is where my bag is. I do hope you can help me find my bag and improve your service. Yours，Li Ming