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高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science教学课件ppt
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这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science教学课件ppt，文件包含Part1pptx、Part2pptx等2份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共120页， 欢迎下载使用。
1.主题语境:人与社会——科学精神。2.语篇类型:论说文。3.课文内容分析:本文介绍了人们对Franklin 著名的风筝实验真实性的怀疑和求证。 阅读本文,有利于引导学生初步了解科学精神的内涵,培养学生的批判性思维和严 谨、认真的学习态度,并使他们懂得在追求科学的道路上,应该秉承实事求是、一 丝不苟的精神。
Theme:Is Franklin’s experiment entirely true?
a piece f string
was attached t the string
tuched the key
an electric shck
generatins f schlchildren
Questin:If Franklin had actually tuched the key,he wuld certainly have 6. the electric shck. The ther example:There is n prf that the apple,which inspired Newtn t 7. the thery f gravity,hit him 8. . Cnclusin:①Neither the stry nr the details f Franklin’s experiment are 9. . ②We shuld nt always believe every 10. idea we read r hear—even if it is a great stry.
cme up with
entirely true
1.Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) was ne f the Funding Fathers f the United States and helped draft the Declaratin f Independence and the US Cnstitutin.(教材第32页) 本杰明·富兰克林(1706—1790)是美国的开国元勋之一,他协助起草了《独立宣言》 和美国宪法。 ◆declaratin n.声明,宣告
At the recent cnventin,they adpted a declaratin.在最近的大会上,他们通过了一项声明。There is a declaratin at the tp f yur dcument.在您的文档顶部是一个声明。
declare表示“宣称;宣布”,其后的宾语可以是名词、代词,也可以是that从句,但习惯上不能是不定式。
单句语法填空①The tw natins made a jint (declare) against the war. ②She declared (her) extremely hurt by his lack f supprt. ③He declared he was n gd terms with her. 完成句子④They (宣布这个实验成功) after many failures.
declared the experiment t be successful
2.A metal key was attached t the string.(教材第32页) 细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。 ◆attach v.系,绑;贴;附上
The turist attached labels t all his bags.那位游客把他的行李都贴上了标签。While I tend t buy a lt f bks,these three were given t me as gifts,which might add t the meaning I attach t them.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B)虽然我倾向于买很多书,但这三本书是作为礼物送给我的,这可能会增加我赋予它们的意义。
单句语法填空①The research unit is (attach) t the university. ②I attach great imprtance this research.
3.Franklin,alng with many ther scientists,has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are imprtant in rder t establish the truth and t cntribute twards later scientific discveries and inventins.(教材第32页) 富兰克林与许多其他科学家一道,激励并教导我们科学实验对于推定真理与推动 科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。 ◆in rder t...为了……
In rder t catch the early bus,the by gt up early.为了赶上早班车,这个男孩早就起床了。
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) have taken it a step further—changing the actual cmpsitin f plants in rder t get them t perfrm diverse,even unusual functins.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D)麻省理工学院(MIT)的工程师们更进一步地改变了植物的实际组成,以使它们能够发挥不同的,甚至是不寻常的功能。
单句语法填空①In rder (make) a living,they can d anything. ②We all get up early in rder we may start at seven. ③She is wise as t slve the prblem quickly. 完成句子④Smetimes my friend ges t the library (为了) brrw bks.
in rder t/ s as t
4.Sme have even questined the stry abut the apple that fell n Newtn’s head and led him t cme up with his thery f gravity.(教材 第33页) 一些科学家甚至也怀疑过牛顿的故事:一个苹果掉下来砸中了牛顿的脑袋,促使他 提出了万有引力定律。 ◆cme up with提出;想出
Dave had cme up with a very simple plan.戴夫提出了一个十分简单易行的计划。She’s trying t cme up with a label t attach t nutria fashins t shw it is ec-friendly.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C)她试图想出一个标签贴在海狸鼠时装上,以表明它是环保的。
cme up的主语是物,表示“(计划、建议、议题等)被提出”,为不及物动词短语,不能用于被动语态;而cme up with主语是人或团体组织,表示“(某人)提出”,为及物动词短语。
单句语法填空①I never thught I culd cme my ld deskmate here. ②Can yu cme up a new slutin t the prblem? ③His new bk will cme at the end f this mnth. 完成句子④ (当谈到……) in-persn humur,effrt cunts a lt.(2020年江苏卷,任务型阅读)
When it cmes t
5.In fact,mre than ne accunt suggests that while Newtn was certainly inspired by a falling apple,there is n prf that it hit him n the head.(教材第33页) 事实上,不止一处资料显示,虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果,但没有证据表 明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。 ◆accunt n.记述,描述;报道;账户 v.说明,解释
He was t shcked t give an accunt f what had happened.他因受惊过度而无法描述所发生的事情。Can yu accunt fr yur whereabuts n that night?你能说明一下你那天晚上的行踪吗?
单句语法填空①I was a new teacher,and I gave hnest accunt f the students’ wrk. ②The results held true even after the scientists accunted the participants’ verall health status.(2020年浙江卷,阅读理解C) ③One must take the audience accunt when making speeches. 完成句子④ (决不) shuld the huse be left unlcked. ⑤She retired early (由于) ill health.
On n accunt/In n way
n accunt f/because f
Hwever,neither the stry nr the details f the experiment are entirely true.(教材第33页)然而,不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。◆ 既不……也不……As the authr explains,this is neither a travel nr a histry bk,r even a piece f reprtage.(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读C)正如作者所解释的,这既不是旅行,也不是历史书,甚至不是一篇报告文学。Withut mtivatin,yu can neither set a gal nr reach it.没有动机,你既不能树立目标也不能实现它。
主谓一致的“就近原则”指谓语动词在人称和数上与靠近它的主语保持一致,常出现在这类句子中的连词还有r、“”、“nt (als)...”、“”和there be句型等。
单句语法填空①Nt nly the students but als their teacher (be) enjying the film. ②It is nt I but yu wh (be) the first t run t the gal in the cmpetitin. ③Neither I nr he (like) playing tricks n thers.
Althugh it has been prved that Franklin’s experiment tk place,mre than ne scientist has questined what really happened.(教材第33页)虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事,不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。本句为主从复合句。Althugh引导的是一个让步状语从句,其中that引导的宾语从句作prve的宾语,在主句中,what引导的宾语从句作questin的宾语,且what在从句中作主语。
单句情境写作①尽管人们相信去外太空和其他星球的旅行不再是一场梦,大多数人还是不知道应 该必备什么条件。
Althugh it is believed that the jurney t uter space and ther planets is n lnger a dream,mst peple still dn’t knw what qualificatins are necessary.
②虽然我们认为先进的科学技术给我们的日常生活带来了便利,我们仍坚持做技术 所不能代替的事情。
Althugh we think that advanced technlgy has brught cnvenience t ur daily life,we still insist n ding what can’t be replaced by technlgy.
③尽管众所周知因特网使学习更加容易,父母也应该精心挑选适合自己孩子的内容。
Althugh it is well knwn that the Internet makes learning easier,parents shuld als pick ut what is suitable fr their children.
stry may be fictin instead f fact.(教材第32页) ……这个故事可能是虚构的,而并非事实。 ◆instead f...而不是……;代替
What if later in life they cme t a metaphrical dr,like an pprtunity(机会) f sme srt,and instead f pening the dr and taking the pprtunity,they just stare at it and wnder ...(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)如果在以后的生活中,他们来到一个隐喻的门前,比如一个机会,他们只是盯着它想,而不是打开门抓住机会……
We’ll g by bus instead f n ft.我们坐车去,而不是步行去。He went there instead f his father.=His father didn’t g there.He went there instead.他代替父亲去了那儿。
Hspital patients wh see tree branches ut their windw are likely t recver at a faster rate than patients wh see buildings r sky instead.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)看见窗外树枝的住院病人可能要比看到楼房和天空的病人恢复得更快。We shuld encurage them instead f thrwing cld water n them.我们应该鼓励他们而不是对他们泼冷水。We use gas in place f cal in cking.我们用煤气代替煤做饭。Cmputers have taken the place f typewriters in mst ffices.在大多数办公室,电脑已经取代了打字机。
wuld certainly have died frm the electric shck.(教材第33页) ……他必定会被电死。 ◆die frm 死于……
The fish die frm plluted water.这群鱼死于被污染的水。In cld winters,many wild animals can die f hungry.在寒冷的冬天,许多野生动物会死于饥饿。
完成句子①I’m dying (想要) a cup f cffee. ②I’m (想知道) what happened. ③Althugh the wind has (减弱),the rain remains steady,s yu still need a raincat. ④The nise f the plane (消失) in the distance. ⑤Perhaps t much fighting caused the dinsaurs t (灭绝).
dying t knw
Newtn was certainly inspired by a falling apple,there is n prf that it hit him n the head.(教材第33页)
……虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果,但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。While the sun’s rays can age and harm ur skin,they als give us beneficial Vitamin D.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)虽然太阳光线会老化和伤害我们的皮肤,但它们也会供给我们有益的维生素D。Yu must keep these pints in mind while setting yur gals.(2019年全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)当你树立目标时,必须把这几点记在脑海里。
My wife was silent while I was reading.我读书的时候,我妻子默默不语。(当……的时候)Yu like sprts,while I’d rather read.你喜欢体育,而我宁愿读书。(表对比)While nline shpping has changed ur life,nt all f its effects have been psitive.尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活,但并非它所有的影响都是正面的。(虽然,尽管)Wuld yu like t cme in and rest fr a while?你要不要进来休息一会儿?(一会儿)
Writing an experiment reprt
1.文体类型:实验报告,属于应用文范畴,常用于把实验目的、方法、过程、结果 等记录下来,经过整理写成书面汇总材料。2.要点内容:先介绍实验目的和实验所需器材,再介绍实验过程及结论。
实验报告首段常用句式:The purpse f ur experiment is d this experiment in rder t find ding this experiment,we intend aim this experiment.实验报告中段常用句式:Befre we...,,,, f all,,we...实验报告尾段常用句式:Accrding t the experiment,we can draw a cnclusin result f the experiment shws experiment suggests that...
请根据下面的要求写一份有关水沸腾的实验报告,词数为80个左右。 1.实验目的:观察水沸腾时的温度与当时所发生的变化。 2.实验器材:一个试管(a test tube)、水、一个温度计(thermmeter)、一个本生灯(Bunsen burner)。 3.实验过程:(1)将试管注水一半;(2)把温度计放到试管里;(3)把试管里的水加热,观察温度计的读数。 4.实验结果:当温度达到100摄氏度(degree centigrade)时,气泡开始出现。 5.实验结论:(1)当温度达到100摄氏度时,水会沸腾;(2)在沸腾的过程中会出现许多气泡。
Water biling experiment
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇1. adv.完全地,彻底地 2. adj.科学(上)的 3. n.(科学)实验 4. v.传导(热、电);实施 5. 实地研究,实地调研 6. 准备
field research
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法1.我们可以做个科学实验来弄清楚。 We can t find ut. 2.我们需要准备下列材料。 We need t the fllwing materials. 3.把试管里的水加热。 the in the test tube. 4.然后,观察温度计的读数。 Then, the reading the thermmeter.
cnduct a scientific experiment
5.水已经被加热到100摄氏度了。 The water t 100 degrees centigrade. 6.水完全沸腾了,大量的气泡出现了。 The water and bubbles appear. 7.如果你对这个结论感兴趣,你可以跟你的老师在实验室做一个实地研究。 If yu this cnclusin,yu can d a . with yur teacher in the labratry.
has been heated
entirely bils
are interested in
将句5、句6改成含有状语从句的句子。
When the water has been heated t 100 degrees centigrade,the water entirely bils and a lt f bubbles appear.
Water biling experiment Wndering the temperature when water is biling and what will happen,here we can cnduct a scientific experiment t find ut. Befre we start,we need t prepare fr the fllwing materials:a test tube,sme water,a thermmeter and a Bunsen burner.First,fill the test tube half full f water and then put the thermmeter in the test tube with water.Next,heat the water in the test tube and then,watch the reading f the thermmeter.We can bserve that,when the water has been heated t 100 degrees centigrade,the water entirely bils and a lt f bubbles appear. Accrding t the experiment,we can draw a cnclusin that water will bil when the temperature reaches 100 degrees centigrade,during which a lt f bubbles appear.If yu are interested in this cnclusin,yu can d a field reasearch with yur teacher in the labratry.
请根据下列要求写一份关于金属镁燃烧的实验报告。词数为80个左右。 1.实验目的:观察镁在空气中燃烧产生的现象; 2.实验器材:一块镁(magnesium)条、一个酒精灯、一个金属夹子。 3.实验过程:(1)点燃酒精灯;(2)用夹子夹住镁条;(3)把镁条放到酒精灯的火焰上观察。 4.验结果:镁条加热后燃烧,生成白色物质。 5.实验结论:镁能与空气中的氧发生反应,生成氧化镁(magnesium xide)。
One pssible versin: The purpse f ur experiment tday is t find ut what will happen if magnesium burns in the air. Befre we start,we can prepare fr the fllwing materials: a piece f magnesium,an alchl burner and a pair f tngs.First,light the alchl burner and then use the tngs t hld the piece f magnesium.When the piece f magnesium has been put n the flame f the alchl burner,the piece f magnesium begins t burn and then prduces a kind f white substance. Accrding t the experiment,we can draw a cnclusin that magnesium reacts with the air and prduces a kind f substance called magnesium xide.
Ⅰ.语境填词1.If it (rain) tmrrw,we will put ff the picnic. 2.In the past decades,we have witnessed China’s many . (science) achievements. 3.As winter (apprach),sme birds fly t the suth t escape the cldness. 4.The mther,alng with her tw children, (rescue) frm the sinking bat last week.
was rescued
5.In the experiment,the string is designed (cnduct) electricity when it is wet. 6.The cuple were walking in the wds when suddenly a branch hit the wife the head. 7.Befre I begin,let’s make clear that it’s nly a casual talk. 8.It was reprted that neither the athletes nr their cach (be) satisfied with the result f the match. 9.It went thrugh several (draft) befre being published. 10.Schls are suppsed t attach mre imprtance students’ physical training.
Ⅱ.单句情境写作1. (附在……上的) the gift was a nte n which he expressed his appreciatin. 2.I dn’t knw wh (想出) this idea,but it is really wnderful. 3.The plt lines(主要情节) f these cartns are simple and they ften (发生) at hme r schl. 4.It was a difficult time. (除了……外) everything else, we had financial prblems. 5.Due t the cld weather,the little girl herself (紧 挨着) her mther clsely.
came up with
Ⅰ.阅读理解 Researchers frm the MIT Media Lab,Bstn Children’s Hspital,and Nrtheastern University used a rbtic teddy bear,“Huggable”,acrss the Bstn Children’s Hspital.Mre than 50 hspitalised children were divided int three grups that invlved Huggable,a tablet-based virtual Huggable,r a traditinal ty teddy bear.In general,the rbtic Huggable was prved t help bring mre psitive utcmes ver the ther tw chices. When first designed,Huggable was perated remtely by a specialist utside a child’s rm fr the mment.Thrugh sftware,the specialist culd cntrl the rbt’s facial expressins and bdy actins.The specialists culd als talk thrugh a speaker—with their vice autmatically changed t a sund mre childlike—and mnitr the participants via camera.
During the treatments invlving Huggable fr kids aged 3 t 10 years,a specialist wuld sing nursery rhymes t yunger children thrugh the rbtic bear and mve the arms during the sng.Older kids wuld play the I Spy game,where they had t guess an bject in the rm described by the specialist thrugh Huggable.Thrugh self-reprts and questinnaires,the researchers recrded hw much the patients and their families liked Huggable.A greater percentage f children and their parents reprted that the children enjyed playing with Huggable mre than with the virtual figure r the traditinal teddy bear. The study prved the pssibility f including Huggable in the treatments fr children.Results als shwed that children playing with Huggable experienced mre psitive emtins verall.They als gt ut f bed and mved arund mre,and were emtinally cnnected with the rbt,asking it persnal questins and inviting it t cme back later t meet their families.“Such imprved emtinal and physical utcmes are all psitive factrs that culd cntribute t hspitalised children’s better and faster recvery,”the researchers wrte in their study.
The study als prvided a basis fr develping a fully autnmus Huggable rbt,which is the researchers’ final gal.In the future,that autmated rbt culd be used t imprve children’s further treatment and care,and mnitr their well-being.语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种用于照顾住院儿童的机器人泰迪熊。研究人员在波士顿儿童医院使用机器人泰迪熊Huggable来辅助治疗儿童患者。研究证明自动化机器人可以用来协助儿童的进一步治疗和护理。阅读本文,有利于培养学生热爱科学的兴趣,并拓宽学生的知识面。
1.What can we learn abut Huggable? A.It was first designed fr disabled kids. B.It can make facial expressins. C.It talks like a caring parent. D.It wrks autmatically.
1.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段第二句可知, Huggable是有表情的。故选B。
2.What’s the children’s attitude twards“Huggable”? A.Favrable. B.Cnventinal. C.Disappinting. D.Unhelpful.
2.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第三段中的最后一句可知,孩子们更愿意和Huggable一起玩,对它持肯定态度。故选A。
3.Hw did Huggable help the hspitalised children with their treatment? A.It imprved their mental experience. B.It prtected them frm pssible virus. C.It gave tips n taking gd care f yung patients. D.It prvided up-t-date infrmatin abut their diseases.
3.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据倒数第二段的内容可知,Huggable通过改善孩子们的精神体验来帮助他们的治疗。故选A。
4.What is the text mainly abut? A.The fast develpment f rbts in medical area. B.A new technlgy in medicine t treat children. C.Rbts’ advantages ver ther methds f treatment. D.A rbtic teddy bear used in caring fr hspitalised children.
4.D 主旨大意题。考查学生理解文本主旨要义的能力。根据第一段中的第一句以及下文对这项研究的介绍可知,文章主要介绍了一种用于照顾住院儿童的机器人泰迪熊。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空 Accrding t a study led by Nttingham Trent University in Britain,the 1 persn lks at their phnes 86 times a day, 2 ver the Internet r using apps. 3 their status n scial media platfrms als makes peple 4 their electrnic cmpanin 5 . D yu actually lk at yur surrundings mre than at yur 6 ?Is it rude t check yur phne when smene is talking t yu? Sherry Turkle interviewed hundreds f cllege students abut this.They talked abut 7 they called “the rule f three”.The rule has t d with being cnsiderate t thers 8 the attractin f the little flat bx.Turkle explained,“If yu g t dinner with friends,yu dn’t lk dwn at yur phne 9 yu see that three peple are lking up in the cnversatin.Yu fllw the rule in rder t keep a little cnversatin 10 .”
Actually,if yu are clever enugh yu might use yur phne as a(n) 11 t cnnect with peple next t yu.Hw abut 12 them pictures stred in its memry?Sharing a bit f yur life with them can bring yu 13 tgether.But the best thing t deal with mbile phne addictin is t 14 and leave the machine behind ccasinally.Life might be what happens when yu are t 15 staring at a small screen.
语篇导读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过两项研究表明现代人对手机的过分依赖严重影响了现实生活中的人际沟通,并对此提出了解决办法。阅读本文,有利于培养学生的批判性思维方式,引导学生正确对待和使用电子设备。
B.cmmn C.averageB.turning C.thinkingB.Apprving C.DwnladingD.Updating
1.C 根据语境可知,此处应指研究表明,普通(average) 人每天频繁查看手机。故选C。2.D 根据语境可知,此处指普通人每天查看手机86次以浏览互联网或使用应用软件。glance ver意为“浏览,翻阅”。故选D。3.D 根据上下文语境可知,此处应表示人们更新(Updating) 他们在社交平台的动态。故选D。
nB.reach fr C.lk intD.see B.regularly C.generallyB.family C.phneD.bk
4.B 根据语境可知,此处指伸手拿手机。reach fr sth.意为“伸手够某物”。故选B。5.A 根据语境可知,此处指人们频繁地(frequently) 拿起他们的电子伴侣。故选A。6.C 根据语境可知,此处指你看你周围环境的次数比看你手机(phne)的次数更多吗?故选C。
B.which C.wh spite f B.in place f C.in charge f D.in additin B.after C.until D.nce
7.D 分析句子结构可知,此处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少宾语,应用what引导。故选D。8.A 根据语境可知,此处指这个规则要求人们要为他人着想而不顾手机的诱惑。in spite f意为“尽管,不管”。故选A。9.D 根据上下文语境可知,此处应表示一旦(nce) 看到有三个人都在抬头讲话,你就不要去看手机。故选D。
B.bring C.demandingB.measure C.tlB.giving C.takingD.shwing
10.A 根据语境可知,此处指你遵循原则是为了让谈话变得活跃(alive)。故选A。11.C 根据语境可知,此处指如果你足够聪明,你可能会把手机当作一种与身边的人沟通的工具(tl)。故选C。12.D 根据下文中的“Sharing a bit f yur life with them”可推知,此处应表示向他们展示(shwing) 储存在手机里的照片。故选D。
B.further C.higherB.quit C.pauseB.kind C.sadD.busy
13.A 根据语境可知,此处指和他们分享你的生活可以让你们更亲近(clser)。故选A。14.B 根据语境可推知,此处指你应该戒除(quit) 手机上瘾。故选B。15.D 根据语境可知,此处指生活(中的事)可能就发生在你太过忙于(busy) 盯着那块小屏幕时。故选D。
点击进入 核心素养提升
1.主题语境:人与社会——科学精神。2.语篇类型:论说文。3.课文内容分析:本文介绍了人们对Franklin 著名的风筝实验真实性的怀疑和求证。 阅读本文,有利于引导学生初步了解科学精神的内涵,培养学生的批判性思维和严 谨、认真的学习态度,并使他们懂得在追求科学的道路上,应该秉承实事求是、一 丝不苟的精神。
Theme:Is Franklin’s experiment entirely true?
a piece f string
was attached t the string
tuched the key
an electric shck
generatins f schlchildren
Questin:If Franklin had actually tuched the key,he wuld certainly have 6. the electric shck. The ther example:There is n prf that the apple,which inspired Newtn t 7. the thery f gravity,hit him 8. . Cnclusin:①Neither the stry nr the details f Franklin’s experiment are 9. . ②We shuld nt always believe every 10. idea we read r hear—even if it is a great stry.
cme up with
entirely true
1.Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) was ne f the Funding Fathers f the United States and helped draft the Declaratin f Independence and the US Cnstitutin.(教材第32页) 本杰明·富兰克林(1706—1790)是美国的开国元勋之一,他协助起草了《独立宣言》 和美国宪法。 ◆declaratin n.声明,宣告
At the recent cnventin,they adpted a declaratin.在最近的大会上,他们通过了一项声明。There is a declaratin at the tp f yur dcument.在您的文档顶部是一个声明。
declare表示“宣称;宣布”,其后的宾语可以是名词、代词,也可以是that从句,但习惯上不能是不定式。
单句语法填空①The tw natins made a jint (declare) against the war. ②She declared (her) extremely hurt by his lack f supprt. ③He declared he was n gd terms with her. 完成句子④They (宣布这个实验成功) after many failures.
declared the experiment t be successful
2.A metal key was attached t the string.(教材第32页) 细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。 ◆attach v.系,绑;贴;附上
The turist attached labels t all his bags.那位游客把他的行李都贴上了标签。While I tend t buy a lt f bks,these three were given t me as gifts,which might add t the meaning I attach t them.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B)虽然我倾向于买很多书,但这三本书是作为礼物送给我的,这可能会增加我赋予它们的意义。
单句语法填空①The research unit is (attach) t the university. ②I attach great imprtance this research.
3.Franklin,alng with many ther scientists,has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are imprtant in rder t establish the truth and t cntribute twards later scientific discveries and inventins.(教材第32页) 富兰克林与许多其他科学家一道,激励并教导我们科学实验对于推定真理与推动 科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。 ◆in rder t...为了……
In rder t catch the early bus,the by gt up early.为了赶上早班车,这个男孩早就起床了。
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) have taken it a step further—changing the actual cmpsitin f plants in rder t get them t perfrm diverse,even unusual functins.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D)麻省理工学院(MIT)的工程师们更进一步地改变了植物的实际组成,以使它们能够发挥不同的,甚至是不寻常的功能。
单句语法填空①In rder (make) a living,they can d anything. ②We all get up early in rder we may start at seven. ③She is wise as t slve the prblem quickly. 完成句子④Smetimes my friend ges t the library (为了) brrw bks.
in rder t/ s as t
4.Sme have even questined the stry abut the apple that fell n Newtn’s head and led him t cme up with his thery f gravity.(教材 第33页) 一些科学家甚至也怀疑过牛顿的故事:一个苹果掉下来砸中了牛顿的脑袋,促使他 提出了万有引力定律。 ◆cme up with提出;想出
Dave had cme up with a very simple plan.戴夫提出了一个十分简单易行的计划。She’s trying t cme up with a label t attach t nutria fashins t shw it is ec-friendly.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C)她试图想出一个标签贴在海狸鼠时装上,以表明它是环保的。
cme up的主语是物,表示“(计划、建议、议题等)被提出”,为不及物动词短语,不能用于被动语态;而cme up with主语是人或团体组织,表示“(某人)提出”,为及物动词短语。
单句语法填空①I never thught I culd cme my ld deskmate here. ②Can yu cme up a new slutin t the prblem? ③His new bk will cme at the end f this mnth. 完成句子④ (当谈到……) in-persn humur,effrt cunts a lt.(2020年江苏卷,任务型阅读)
When it cmes t
5.In fact,mre than ne accunt suggests that while Newtn was certainly inspired by a falling apple,there is n prf that it hit him n the head.(教材第33页) 事实上,不止一处资料显示,虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果,但没有证据表 明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。 ◆accunt n.记述,描述;报道;账户 v.说明,解释
He was t shcked t give an accunt f what had happened.他因受惊过度而无法描述所发生的事情。Can yu accunt fr yur whereabuts n that night?你能说明一下你那天晚上的行踪吗?
单句语法填空①I was a new teacher,and I gave hnest accunt f the students’ wrk. ②The results held true even after the scientists accunted the participants’ verall health status.(2020年浙江卷,阅读理解C) ③One must take the audience accunt when making speeches. 完成句子④ (决不) shuld the huse be left unlcked. ⑤She retired early (由于) ill health.
On n accunt/In n way
n accunt f/because f
Hwever,neither the stry nr the details f the experiment are entirely true.(教材第33页)然而,不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。◆ 既不……也不……As the authr explains,this is neither a travel nr a histry bk,r even a piece f reprtage.(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读C)正如作者所解释的,这既不是旅行,也不是历史书,甚至不是一篇报告文学。Withut mtivatin,yu can neither set a gal nr reach it.没有动机,你既不能树立目标也不能实现它。
主谓一致的“就近原则”指谓语动词在人称和数上与靠近它的主语保持一致,常出现在这类句子中的连词还有r、“”、“nt (als)...”、“”和there be句型等。
单句语法填空①Nt nly the students but als their teacher (be) enjying the film. ②It is nt I but yu wh (be) the first t run t the gal in the cmpetitin. ③Neither I nr he (like) playing tricks n thers.
Althugh it has been prved that Franklin’s experiment tk place,mre than ne scientist has questined what really happened.(教材第33页)虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事,不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。本句为主从复合句。Althugh引导的是一个让步状语从句,其中that引导的宾语从句作prve的宾语,在主句中,what引导的宾语从句作questin的宾语,且what在从句中作主语。
单句情境写作①尽管人们相信去外太空和其他星球的旅行不再是一场梦,大多数人还是不知道应 该必备什么条件。
Althugh it is believed that the jurney t uter space and ther planets is n lnger a dream,mst peple still dn’t knw what qualificatins are necessary.
②虽然我们认为先进的科学技术给我们的日常生活带来了便利,我们仍坚持做技术 所不能代替的事情。
Althugh we think that advanced technlgy has brught cnvenience t ur daily life,we still insist n ding what can’t be replaced by technlgy.
③尽管众所周知因特网使学习更加容易,父母也应该精心挑选适合自己孩子的内容。
Althugh it is well knwn that the Internet makes learning easier,parents shuld als pick ut what is suitable fr their children.
stry may be fictin instead f fact.(教材第32页) ……这个故事可能是虚构的,而并非事实。 ◆instead f...而不是……;代替
What if later in life they cme t a metaphrical dr,like an pprtunity(机会) f sme srt,and instead f pening the dr and taking the pprtunity,they just stare at it and wnder ...(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)如果在以后的生活中,他们来到一个隐喻的门前,比如一个机会,他们只是盯着它想,而不是打开门抓住机会……
We’ll g by bus instead f n ft.我们坐车去,而不是步行去。He went there instead f his father.=His father didn’t g there.He went there instead.他代替父亲去了那儿。
Hspital patients wh see tree branches ut their windw are likely t recver at a faster rate than patients wh see buildings r sky instead.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)看见窗外树枝的住院病人可能要比看到楼房和天空的病人恢复得更快。We shuld encurage them instead f thrwing cld water n them.我们应该鼓励他们而不是对他们泼冷水。We use gas in place f cal in cking.我们用煤气代替煤做饭。Cmputers have taken the place f typewriters in mst ffices.在大多数办公室,电脑已经取代了打字机。
wuld certainly have died frm the electric shck.(教材第33页) ……他必定会被电死。 ◆die frm 死于……
The fish die frm plluted water.这群鱼死于被污染的水。In cld winters,many wild animals can die f hungry.在寒冷的冬天,许多野生动物会死于饥饿。
完成句子①I’m dying (想要) a cup f cffee. ②I’m (想知道) what happened. ③Althugh the wind has (减弱),the rain remains steady,s yu still need a raincat. ④The nise f the plane (消失) in the distance. ⑤Perhaps t much fighting caused the dinsaurs t (灭绝).
dying t knw
Newtn was certainly inspired by a falling apple,there is n prf that it hit him n the head.(教材第33页)
……虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果,但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。While the sun’s rays can age and harm ur skin,they als give us beneficial Vitamin D.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)虽然太阳光线会老化和伤害我们的皮肤,但它们也会供给我们有益的维生素D。Yu must keep these pints in mind while setting yur gals.(2019年全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)当你树立目标时,必须把这几点记在脑海里。
My wife was silent while I was reading.我读书的时候,我妻子默默不语。(当……的时候)Yu like sprts,while I’d rather read.你喜欢体育,而我宁愿读书。(表对比)While nline shpping has changed ur life,nt all f its effects have been psitive.尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活,但并非它所有的影响都是正面的。(虽然,尽管)Wuld yu like t cme in and rest fr a while?你要不要进来休息一会儿?(一会儿)
Writing an experiment reprt
1.文体类型:实验报告,属于应用文范畴,常用于把实验目的、方法、过程、结果 等记录下来,经过整理写成书面汇总材料。2.要点内容:先介绍实验目的和实验所需器材,再介绍实验过程及结论。
实验报告首段常用句式:The purpse f ur experiment is d this experiment in rder t find ding this experiment,we intend aim this experiment.实验报告中段常用句式:Befre we...,,,, f all,,we...实验报告尾段常用句式:Accrding t the experiment,we can draw a cnclusin result f the experiment shws experiment suggests that...
请根据下面的要求写一份有关水沸腾的实验报告,词数为80个左右。 1.实验目的:观察水沸腾时的温度与当时所发生的变化。 2.实验器材:一个试管(a test tube)、水、一个温度计(thermmeter)、一个本生灯(Bunsen burner)。 3.实验过程:(1)将试管注水一半;(2)把温度计放到试管里;(3)把试管里的水加热,观察温度计的读数。 4.实验结果:当温度达到100摄氏度(degree centigrade)时,气泡开始出现。 5.实验结论:(1)当温度达到100摄氏度时,水会沸腾;(2)在沸腾的过程中会出现许多气泡。
Water biling experiment
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇1. adv.完全地,彻底地 2. adj.科学(上)的 3. n.(科学)实验 4. v.传导(热、电);实施 5. 实地研究,实地调研 6. 准备
field research
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法1.我们可以做个科学实验来弄清楚。 We can t find ut. 2.我们需要准备下列材料。 We need t the fllwing materials. 3.把试管里的水加热。 the in the test tube. 4.然后,观察温度计的读数。 Then, the reading the thermmeter.
cnduct a scientific experiment
5.水已经被加热到100摄氏度了。 The water t 100 degrees centigrade. 6.水完全沸腾了,大量的气泡出现了。 The water and bubbles appear. 7.如果你对这个结论感兴趣,你可以跟你的老师在实验室做一个实地研究。 If yu this cnclusin,yu can d a . with yur teacher in the labratry.
has been heated
entirely bils
are interested in
将句5、句6改成含有状语从句的句子。
When the water has been heated t 100 degrees centigrade,the water entirely bils and a lt f bubbles appear.
Water biling experiment Wndering the temperature when water is biling and what will happen,here we can cnduct a scientific experiment t find ut. Befre we start,we need t prepare fr the fllwing materials:a test tube,sme water,a thermmeter and a Bunsen burner.First,fill the test tube half full f water and then put the thermmeter in the test tube with water.Next,heat the water in the test tube and then,watch the reading f the thermmeter.We can bserve that,when the water has been heated t 100 degrees centigrade,the water entirely bils and a lt f bubbles appear. Accrding t the experiment,we can draw a cnclusin that water will bil when the temperature reaches 100 degrees centigrade,during which a lt f bubbles appear.If yu are interested in this cnclusin,yu can d a field reasearch with yur teacher in the labratry.
请根据下列要求写一份关于金属镁燃烧的实验报告。词数为80个左右。 1.实验目的:观察镁在空气中燃烧产生的现象; 2.实验器材:一块镁(magnesium)条、一个酒精灯、一个金属夹子。 3.实验过程:(1)点燃酒精灯;(2)用夹子夹住镁条;(3)把镁条放到酒精灯的火焰上观察。 4.验结果:镁条加热后燃烧,生成白色物质。 5.实验结论:镁能与空气中的氧发生反应,生成氧化镁(magnesium xide)。
One pssible versin: The purpse f ur experiment tday is t find ut what will happen if magnesium burns in the air. Befre we start,we can prepare fr the fllwing materials: a piece f magnesium,an alchl burner and a pair f tngs.First,light the alchl burner and then use the tngs t hld the piece f magnesium.When the piece f magnesium has been put n the flame f the alchl burner,the piece f magnesium begins t burn and then prduces a kind f white substance. Accrding t the experiment,we can draw a cnclusin that magnesium reacts with the air and prduces a kind f substance called magnesium xide.
Ⅰ.语境填词1.If it (rain) tmrrw,we will put ff the picnic. 2.In the past decades,we have witnessed China’s many . (science) achievements. 3.As winter (apprach),sme birds fly t the suth t escape the cldness. 4.The mther,alng with her tw children, (rescue) frm the sinking bat last week.
was rescued
5.In the experiment,the string is designed (cnduct) electricity when it is wet. 6.The cuple were walking in the wds when suddenly a branch hit the wife the head. 7.Befre I begin,let’s make clear that it’s nly a casual talk. 8.It was reprted that neither the athletes nr their cach (be) satisfied with the result f the match. 9.It went thrugh several (draft) befre being published. 10.Schls are suppsed t attach mre imprtance students’ physical training.
Ⅱ.单句情境写作1. (附在……上的) the gift was a nte n which he expressed his appreciatin. 2.I dn’t knw wh (想出) this idea,but it is really wnderful. 3.The plt lines(主要情节) f these cartns are simple and they ften (发生) at hme r schl. 4.It was a difficult time. (除了……外) everything else, we had financial prblems. 5.Due t the cld weather,the little girl herself (紧 挨着) her mther clsely.
came up with
Ⅰ.阅读理解 Researchers frm the MIT Media Lab,Bstn Children’s Hspital,and Nrtheastern University used a rbtic teddy bear,“Huggable”,acrss the Bstn Children’s Hspital.Mre than 50 hspitalised children were divided int three grups that invlved Huggable,a tablet-based virtual Huggable,r a traditinal ty teddy bear.In general,the rbtic Huggable was prved t help bring mre psitive utcmes ver the ther tw chices. When first designed,Huggable was perated remtely by a specialist utside a child’s rm fr the mment.Thrugh sftware,the specialist culd cntrl the rbt’s facial expressins and bdy actins.The specialists culd als talk thrugh a speaker—with their vice autmatically changed t a sund mre childlike—and mnitr the participants via camera.
During the treatments invlving Huggable fr kids aged 3 t 10 years,a specialist wuld sing nursery rhymes t yunger children thrugh the rbtic bear and mve the arms during the sng.Older kids wuld play the I Spy game,where they had t guess an bject in the rm described by the specialist thrugh Huggable.Thrugh self-reprts and questinnaires,the researchers recrded hw much the patients and their families liked Huggable.A greater percentage f children and their parents reprted that the children enjyed playing with Huggable mre than with the virtual figure r the traditinal teddy bear. The study prved the pssibility f including Huggable in the treatments fr children.Results als shwed that children playing with Huggable experienced mre psitive emtins verall.They als gt ut f bed and mved arund mre,and were emtinally cnnected with the rbt,asking it persnal questins and inviting it t cme back later t meet their families.“Such imprved emtinal and physical utcmes are all psitive factrs that culd cntribute t hspitalised children’s better and faster recvery,”the researchers wrte in their study.
The study als prvided a basis fr develping a fully autnmus Huggable rbt,which is the researchers’ final gal.In the future,that autmated rbt culd be used t imprve children’s further treatment and care,and mnitr their well-being.语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种用于照顾住院儿童的机器人泰迪熊。研究人员在波士顿儿童医院使用机器人泰迪熊Huggable来辅助治疗儿童患者。研究证明自动化机器人可以用来协助儿童的进一步治疗和护理。阅读本文,有利于培养学生热爱科学的兴趣,并拓宽学生的知识面。
1.What can we learn abut Huggable? A.It was first designed fr disabled kids. B.It can make facial expressins. C.It talks like a caring parent. D.It wrks autmatically.
1.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段第二句可知, Huggable是有表情的。故选B。
2.What’s the children’s attitude twards“Huggable”? A.Favrable. B.Cnventinal. C.Disappinting. D.Unhelpful.
2.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第三段中的最后一句可知,孩子们更愿意和Huggable一起玩,对它持肯定态度。故选A。
3.Hw did Huggable help the hspitalised children with their treatment? A.It imprved their mental experience. B.It prtected them frm pssible virus. C.It gave tips n taking gd care f yung patients. D.It prvided up-t-date infrmatin abut their diseases.
3.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据倒数第二段的内容可知,Huggable通过改善孩子们的精神体验来帮助他们的治疗。故选A。
4.What is the text mainly abut? A.The fast develpment f rbts in medical area. B.A new technlgy in medicine t treat children. C.Rbts’ advantages ver ther methds f treatment. D.A rbtic teddy bear used in caring fr hspitalised children.
4.D 主旨大意题。考查学生理解文本主旨要义的能力。根据第一段中的第一句以及下文对这项研究的介绍可知,文章主要介绍了一种用于照顾住院儿童的机器人泰迪熊。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空 Accrding t a study led by Nttingham Trent University in Britain,the 1 persn lks at their phnes 86 times a day, 2 ver the Internet r using apps. 3 their status n scial media platfrms als makes peple 4 their electrnic cmpanin 5 . D yu actually lk at yur surrundings mre than at yur 6 ?Is it rude t check yur phne when smene is talking t yu? Sherry Turkle interviewed hundreds f cllege students abut this.They talked abut 7 they called “the rule f three”.The rule has t d with being cnsiderate t thers 8 the attractin f the little flat bx.Turkle explained,“If yu g t dinner with friends,yu dn’t lk dwn at yur phne 9 yu see that three peple are lking up in the cnversatin.Yu fllw the rule in rder t keep a little cnversatin 10 .”
Actually,if yu are clever enugh yu might use yur phne as a(n) 11 t cnnect with peple next t yu.Hw abut 12 them pictures stred in its memry?Sharing a bit f yur life with them can bring yu 13 tgether.But the best thing t deal with mbile phne addictin is t 14 and leave the machine behind ccasinally.Life might be what happens when yu are t 15 staring at a small screen.
语篇导读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过两项研究表明现代人对手机的过分依赖严重影响了现实生活中的人际沟通,并对此提出了解决办法。阅读本文,有利于培养学生的批判性思维方式,引导学生正确对待和使用电子设备。
B.cmmn C.averageB.turning C.thinkingB.Apprving C.DwnladingD.Updating
1.C 根据语境可知,此处应指研究表明,普通(average) 人每天频繁查看手机。故选C。2.D 根据语境可知,此处指普通人每天查看手机86次以浏览互联网或使用应用软件。glance ver意为“浏览,翻阅”。故选D。3.D 根据上下文语境可知,此处应表示人们更新(Updating) 他们在社交平台的动态。故选D。
nB.reach fr C.lk intD.see B.regularly C.generallyB.family C.phneD.bk
4.B 根据语境可知,此处指伸手拿手机。reach fr sth.意为“伸手够某物”。故选B。5.A 根据语境可知,此处指人们频繁地(frequently) 拿起他们的电子伴侣。故选A。6.C 根据语境可知,此处指你看你周围环境的次数比看你手机(phne)的次数更多吗?故选C。
B.which C.wh spite f B.in place f C.in charge f D.in additin B.after C.until D.nce
7.D 分析句子结构可知,此处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少宾语,应用what引导。故选D。8.A 根据语境可知,此处指这个规则要求人们要为他人着想而不顾手机的诱惑。in spite f意为“尽管,不管”。故选A。9.D 根据上下文语境可知,此处应表示一旦(nce) 看到有三个人都在抬头讲话,你就不要去看手机。故选D。
B.bring C.demandingB.measure C.tlB.giving C.takingD.shwing
10.A 根据语境可知,此处指你遵循原则是为了让谈话变得活跃(alive)。故选A。11.C 根据语境可知,此处指如果你足够聪明,你可能会把手机当作一种与身边的人沟通的工具(tl)。故选C。12.D 根据下文中的“Sharing a bit f yur life with them”可推知,此处应表示向他们展示(shwing) 储存在手机里的照片。故选D。
B.further C.higherB.quit C.pauseB.kind C.sadD.busy
13.A 根据语境可知,此处指和他们分享你的生活可以让你们更亲近(clser)。故选A。14.B 根据语境可推知,此处指你应该戒除(quit) 手机上瘾。故选B。15.D 根据语境可知,此处指生活(中的事)可能就发生在你太过忙于(busy) 盯着那块小屏幕时。故选D。
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