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外研版高考英语一轮总复习教材知识解读选择性必修第4册Unit 6 Space and beyond课时学案
展开三言 | 两语 |
1. When I was still a little boy, I cherished many fancy dreams about space. 2. In fact, so little do we know about the universe that we are not even aware how it came into being. 3. I have long been interested in space exploration and I believe that I can learn a great deal from him about it. | 1. 一些科学家宣称他们找到了外星人在太空存在的证据。 Some scientists claimed that they had found some evidence that aliens existed in space． 2. 中国成功把第一位宇航员送往太空的消息曾震惊整个世界。 The news that China had managed to send the first astronaut into space once shocked the whole world. |
核心单词 | [默写识记]根据汉语释义写出单词 1. scream v. (因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫 2. suspend v. 暂停，中止 3. crew n. (飞机上的)全体机组人员 4. telescope n. 望远镜 5. angle v. 斜置 6. straightforward adj. 简单的 7. selfdiscipline n. 自我约束，自律 8. fetch v. (去)拿来 9. muscle n. 肌肉 10. sneeze v. 打喷嚏 11. unexceptional adj. 平常的 12. pepper n. 胡椒粉 13. disc n. 激光唱片；光碟，光盘 [语境运用]根据汉语提示写出单词 1. Seeing the big fire, the girl started screaming (尖声大叫) out of fear. 2. To our disappointment, the party was suspended (中止) because the power was off. 3. Having lost engine power, the boat's crew (全体人员) found themselves at the mercy of the wind. 4. My uncle gave me a telescope (望远镜), through which I can observe the stars. 5. Don't worry about your father. It is a fairly straightforward (简单的) operation. 6. When you are under stress, your muscles (肌肉) may be tense, especially in your face, neck and shoulders. 7. He angled (斜置) his chair so that he could sit and watch her. 8. When you begin to sneeze (打喷嚏) and cough, you may have a cold. |
拓展单词 | [词汇变形]根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式 1. accustom v. 使适应，使习惯→accustomed adj. 习惯的 2. shadow n. 坏影响，阴影→shadowy adj. 秘密的；神秘的；藏在阴影中的 3. submit v. 提交；顺从，服从→submission n. 提交的文件，呈递材料→submissive adj. 服从的，顺从的 4. awe n. 敬畏；惊惧→awesome adj. 很好的，了不起的 5. visible adj. 看得见的→visibly adv. 看得见地→invisible adj. 看不见的 [语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Because they were accustomed to climbing mountains, they had no difficulty reaching the top of it in three hours, but it took a while for me to accustom myself to climbing.(accustom) 2. It is required that all the submissions should be received by 10 April, so you have to submit them before the deadline.(submit) 3. The magician had a magic cloak (披风) that made her invisible, but the property she held is still visible．(visible) |
阅读单词 | 【教师用书独具】 1. notion n. 概念；观点；看法 2. hazardous adj. 危险的，不安全的 3. shuttle n. 航天飞机 4. excursion n. (有特定目的的)短途出行 5. rekindle v. 重新激起，重新唤起 6. tragically adv. 悲惨地，不幸地 7. instantaneously adv. 瞬间地 8. simulated adj. 模仿的，模拟的，仿真的 9. simulator n. (用于人员训练的)模拟装置，模拟器 10. lifelike adj. (图画、模型等)生动的，逼真的 11. galaxy n. 星系 12. cosmic adj. 宇宙的 13. conceivably adv. 可以相信地；可想象地 14. subatomic adj. 亚原子的；原子内的 15. particle n. 粒子 |
熟词生义 | 1. The book is angled towards a business audience.为(某一群体)提供信息 2. I submit that the jury has been influenced by the publicity in this case.建议，主张 3. The weather is unpredictable there and an awesome thunderstorm struck the city yesterday.可怕的，令人敬畏的 |
高频短语 | 短语应用 |
1. work out 计算出；解决 2. set foot on 踏上 3. make it to 成功到达 4. after all 毕竟 5. carry out 实施 6. set out 出发，动身 7. sign up for 报名参加 8. be aware of 意识到 9. look back on 回首 10. be composed of 由……组成 11. be engaged in 参与，参加 12. be/become accustomed to 习惯于(做)某事 | [语境运用1]填入一个适当的词 1. Being aware of what we value in our lives is important because a career choice is more likely to be a lasting and positive choice. 2. My mother is a person who is accustomed to having eight hours' sleep a night. 3. Why don't you sign up for the English contest? 4. Looking back on her childhood, she couldn't help thinking of her grandma. 5. The delegation is composed of people from different fields. [语境运用2]填入一个适当的词 Human beings set 1. out to explore space many years ago, and man has made 2. it to setting foot 3. on the Moon. We will continue to carry 4. out the research. 5. After all, there is still a lot to explore. |
教材原句背诵 | 句式仿写应用 |
1. no＋比较级＋than The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane. | 我认为他们的表演并不比你们的更精彩。 From the point of my view, their performance is no more wonderful than yours. |
2. the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth. China launched Dongfanghong Ⅰ， becoming the fifth country to send a satellite into orbit. | 她往往是第一个到办公室，最后一个离开的人。 She is always the first to come and the last to leave. |
3. sb./sth. be believed to do... For example, the mysterious largeeyed, bronze statues of the ancient Shu Kingdom, discovered at the Chinese archeological site at Sanxingdui, were believed to have been able to look across great distances into the stars. | 他的作品被相信是自从建校以来最好的了。 His works are believed to have been the best ones ever since the school was founded. |
1. shadow n. 坏影响，阴影，影子；背光处，阴暗处 v. 遮蔽；尾随，(尤指)跟踪
(1)in shadow 在暗处
in the shadow of 在……的树荫下；在……的影响下；受……的控制
cast a shadow on 给……蒙上阴影
(2)shadowy adj. 有阴影的；朦胧的
[词块]
be/live in one's shadow 处于/生活在某人的阴影中
beyond/without a shadow of a doubt 毫无疑问地
shadows under one's eyes 某人的黑眼圈
the shadow of death 死亡的阴影
——单句语法填空
①His disease cast a shadow on the whole family.
②My brother is in the shadow of Mr Smith, who is very strict.
③I knew beyond/without a shadow of a doubt that something terrible had happened.
——完成句子
④The African country will need assistance as it emerges from the shadow/shadows of war．
这个非洲国家将需要援助，帮助它摆脱战争阴影。
2. submit v. 呈送，递交，提交；(使)顺从，(使)服从，(使)屈服
(1)submit sb./sth.＝submit sth. to sb. 把某物提交给某人
submit to 向……屈服，服从……
submit oneself to... 向……屈服/服从
(2)submission n. 提交的材料；呈递材料；屈服，投降
submissive adj. 服从的，顺从的，恭顺的
[词块]
submit an application 递交申请书
submit anonymously 匿名送交
submit applications 提交申请
——单句语法填空
①Have you submitted (submit) your homework?
②All submission(s) (submit) must be handed in by the end of this week.
③I will submit the report to the chairman tomorrow.
④Children at school must submit to the orders of the teachers.
——完成句子
⑤All important problems must be submitted to the committee.
所有重要问题都必须提交给委员会。
3. become accustomed to 习惯于(做)某事
(1)accustom oneself to doing sth. 使自己习惯于做某事
(2)accustomed adj. 习惯的，惯常的
be accustomed to (doing) sth.＝be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于做某事(状态)
get/become accustomed to (doing) sth.＝get/become used to (doing) sth. 习惯于做某事(动作)
[词块]
slowly grow accustomed to the dark 慢慢适应了黑暗
a person accustomed to having eight hours' sleep a night 习惯每晚睡八个小时的人
——单句语法填空
①(牛津词典)She was a person accustomed (accustom) to eight hours' sleep a night.
②(江苏卷)—They are quiet, aren't they?
—Yes. They are accustomed to not talking (talk) at meals.
——句式升级
(普通表达)I am accustomed to living/accustom myself to living in the countryside, and I always find it hard to live in the city.
③(高级表达)Accustomed to living in the countryside, I always find it hard to live in the city.(过去分词短语作状语)
④(高级表达)Accustoming myself to living in the countryside, I always find it hard to live in the city.(现在分词短语作状语)
4. work out 计算出；解决，解答；作出，制订出；锻炼；产生结果；发展
work around/round to 对付，处理
work as 任……工作，当……
work on 从事(工作)
——单句语法填空
①I have worked out all the expenses of the trip to Yunnan.
②I like working as a teacher and I enjoy working with the kids.
③My father is working on his second book at present.
——完成句子
④I have worked out a detailed plan to help manage my time and have tried to adopt useful learning strategies.
我已经制订了一个详细的计划，以帮助管理我的时间，并试图采取有用的学习策略。
5. the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth.
(教材原文)China launched Dongfanghong Ⅰ， becoming the fifth country to send a satellite into orbit.
中国发射“东方红1号”，成为第五个将卫星送入轨道的国家。
本句中的to send... 短语作后置定语，修饰名词country。
(1)序数词、最高级以及the only, the last, the right等或由这类词修饰的名词后常用不定式作后置定语。
(2)decision, ability, time, place, determination, chance, opportunity等名词后常用不定式作定语。
[金句]My mother is the first woman in her village to receive high education.
我母亲是她村里第一位接受高等教育的女性。
——单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)China has become the first country to land (land) a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.
②(上海卷)The students are looking forward to having an opportunity to explore (explore) society of reallife experience.
——完成句子
③The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达思想的能力和思想本身同等重要。
④I would really like to interview Yang Liwei because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.
我真的很想采访杨利伟，因为他不仅是第一个去太空的中国人，还是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。
【教师用书独具】
6. angle v. 斜置，使指向……角度；侧重于，倾向于 n. 角，角度；视觉；方向；立场；观点；思维角度
(1)angle for (以间接的方式)博取；谋求
(2)from a different angle 从一个不同的角度
from several different angles 从几个不同的方向
at an angle 以一定的角度；倾斜的
[词块]
a dead angle 死角
at a 90degree angle to the ground 和地面呈90度角
the angle of the blade 刀刃的尖角
——单句语法填空
①The poles are angled (angle) against the wall.
②Our efforts have been angled (angle) very much towards improving customer service since last year.
③Susan didn't want her friend to think that she was angling for sympathy.
④Hold the knife at a slight angle when you want to cut meat.
——完成句子
⑤If you consider the problem from a different angle, you won't feel angry.
如果你从不同的角度考虑问题，你就不会生气了。
用所给词的正确形式填空
1. Who was the first person in the world to climb (climb) the tallest mountain?
2. Mr King is believed to have finished (finish) his third book.
3. My grandpa is accustomed to living (live) alone, so he is unwilling to stay with us.
4. The representatives submitted (submit) many important problems for discussion.
5. The mirror is angled (angle) there, reflecting the sunlight.
在空白处填入一个适当的词
6. It is believed that he is innocent.
7. I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn't want to take up too much of your time.
8. They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased.
9. When Sandy was a child, he lived in the shadow of his excellent brother.
10. Try looking at the affair from a different angle.
查缺补漏
11. The room is so dirty. It needs cleaning/to be cleaned (clean)．
12. You could have won (win) first prize in this competition, but you were too nervous.
13. The astronomers are engaged in exploring the galaxy every night.
14. Three planes were standing on the runway, waiting to take off．
15. The medical team is composed of five doctors and 12 nurses.
【教师用书独具】
单元话题语篇练
Humans have spent billions of dollars 1. trying (try) to figure out how to get to Mars. Why do we want to go there so 2. badly (bad)?
Well, different organizations have different reasons.
Dutch organization Mars One wants to put people on Mars by 2027. They say it is just the next step in human curiosity. “Why did Columbus travel west? Why did Marco Polo head east? Because it is that pull, that unknown, or that chance of adventure 3. that makes humans look for new places to explore，” their website says.
Wealthy businessman Elon Musk runs a company in the United States. Its name is SpaceX. One of its main goals is to send humans to other planets, including Mars.
Musk was born in South Africa but is now 4. a USCanadian citizen. He agrees that curiosity plays a part in exploring space. But his main reason 5. for wanting to go to Mars is to ensure human 6. survival (survive). He says that for humans to survive in the future, we must learn 7. to live (live) somewhere other than Earth.
China has dreams of reaching Mars too. In 2011, along with Russia, they tried to send a probe (探测器) to the planet. Another probe 8. will be sent (send) next year.
NASA is also 9. excited (excite) to put humans on Mars. It says going to Mars will help humans learn much more about the universe. “Future exploration could find evidence of life, answering one of the 10. biggest (big) mysteries of the universe: Does life exist beyond Earth？” the NASA website says.
NASA says Mars and Earth are very alike. Exploring Mars can help us learn more about our own planet's history and future.
单元话题写作练
1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)
①过去的十年见证了在太空科技中取得的一系列了不起的成就。
The past decade witnessed a series of awesome achievements in space technology.
②虽然我们对火星所知甚少，但是人类已开始探测火星。
Though we know little about Mars, man has set out to explore Mars.
③已有30多个探测器成功到达火星， 而且未来航天飞机也可能能够登陆火星。
More than 30 probes have made it to Mars, and the space shuttle might be able to set foot on Mars.
④尽管如此，人们认为我们应该知道更多关于火星的知识。
In spite of that, people consider that we ought to know more about Mars.
⑤虽然火星表面与地球的表面相似，但是火星上是否有生命取决于进一步实施研究。
Though its surface is similar to that of the Earth, whether there is life on Mars needs to carry out further research.
2. 升级平淡句
(1)用倒装句改写句②
Little though we know about Mars, man has set out to explore Mars.
(2)用被动语态改写句④
In spite of that, it is considered that we ought to know more about Mars.
3. 衔接成美文
The past decade witnessed a series of awesome achievements in space technology. Little though we know about Mars, man has set out to explore Mars. In fact, more than 30 probes have made it to Mars, and the space shuttle might be able to set foot on Mars. In spite of that, it is considered that we ought to know more about Mars. Though its surface is similar to that of the Earth, whether there is life on Mars needs to carry out further research.
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