外研版高考英语一轮总复习课时质量评价24选择性必修第1册Unit 6 Nurturing nature含答案

课时质量评价(二十四)

选择性必修第一册　Unit 6　Nurturing nature

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

(2021·北京大学附属中学质量检测)Plastic has made the world 1. ________ easier place to live in. Just look around you right now and you are likely to see at least a few things that are made from it. 2. ________ plastic brings us convenience, it's also endangering the planet. Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic 3. ________ (create) each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea, according to The Washington Post.

Realising the seriousness of this issue, it is recently reported that the UK's Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ has ordered plastic straws (塑料吸管) and bottles 4. ________ (ban) in all the country's royal 5. ________ (building), including Buckingham Palace and Windsor Castle. 6. ________， glass bottles or cups will be used. The move comes at a time 7. ________ wider efforts to deal with the problems caused by plastic 8. ________ (global) are being made. The European Union is aiming to make all plastic in its member countries 9. ________ (recycle) or reusable by 2030. And last month, China 10. ________ (issue) a new national standard that encourages express delivery (快递) companies to use recycled packing materials to reduce plastic waste.

【语篇解读】塑料给世界带来了便利，同时也带来了污染。许多国家已经开始采取措施减少塑料垃圾。

1. an　考查冠词。此处表泛指，应用不定冠词限定，又因easier以元音音素开头，故填an。

2. Although/Though/While　考查连词。根据语境可知，设空处引导让步状语从句，应填转折连词，故填Although/Though/While。

3. is/are created　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处描述的是现在的客观事实，故用一般现在时，而且create和plastic之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，“数词＋复数量词＋of＋不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可，故填is/are created。

4. (should) be banned　考查动词的时态和语态。order后面跟宾语从句，此时从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should) do，且主语和谓语ban之间为被动关系，故填(should) be banned。

5. buildings　考查名词的单复数。building意为“建筑物；房子”时为可数名词，根据上文中的“all”可知，此处指不止一处建筑物，应用复数形式，故填buildings。

6. Instead　考查副词。句意：将使用玻璃瓶或玻璃杯取而代之。根据句意可知，设空处应填副词instead，意为“代替；反而”。故填Instead。

7. when　考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为time，故填when。

8. globally　考查词性转换。设空处作状语，应用副词，globally意为“全球地”，故填globally。

9. recyclable　考查词性转换。or前后词性一致，应填形容词形式，故填recyclable。

10. issued　考查动词的时态。设空处前有明显的时间状语last month，谓语应用一般过去时。

B

It used to be common to see US teenagers busy at fast­food restaurants cooking burgers and 1. ________ (clean) tables, especially during the summer vacation. 2. ________， the scene is becoming less common.

Instead of finding summer jobs, many US teenagers are spending 3. ________ (they) free time taking classes. According to The Atlantic, this change partly results 4. ________ the low teen earnings paying little toward the costs of college. For many students who are going to attend college, the money from summer jobs doesn't live up to their 5. ________ (expect) at all. Meanwhile, US teenagers' increasing interest in education 6. ________(account) for this as well. They go to summer school to learn 7. ________ they might not have time for after they leave school, which 8. ________ (consider) as a wise choice.

Despite this, a summer job is still believed to benefit teenagers. Early work experience is 9. ________ human activity that develops people's social skills. When kids are working, they gradually gain 10. ________ (practice) knowledge and understanding of the labour market.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要叙述了美国青少年暑期生活的变化。

1. cleaning　考查非谓语动词。根据空前的并列连词and可知，空处与前面的cooking并列作be busy(in) doing sth.结构的宾语。

2. However　考查副词。由上文中的“It used to be common”以及空后的“the scene is becoming less common”可知，此处前后句构成转折关系，故用However。

3. their　考查代词。根据语境可知，空处修饰名词free time，故应用they的形容词性物主代词their在句中作定语，表示“他们的”。

4. from　考查固定搭配。这种变化一部分是由青少年得到的薪水低，难以支付大学的费用造成的。result from为固定搭配。

5. expectations　考查词性转换和名词的单复数。根据语境及空前的“their”可知，空处应用expect的名词复数形式，表示“他们的那些期望”。

6. accounts　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，文章叙述的是一般的情况，且主语是US teenagers' increasing interest，因此谓语动词用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式accounts。

7. what　考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作动词learn的宾语，指物，因此填what。

8. is considered　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，文章叙述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时，此处表示“这被认为是一个明智的选择”，应用被动语态，故用一般现在时的被动语态。

9. a　考查冠词。根据空前的“is”和空后的“human activity”可知，此处表示泛指“一项人类活动”，且human以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。

10. practical　考查词性转换。修饰名词应用形容词，故用practical。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 保罗第一个到达山顶，其次是爸爸，妈妈则是最后一个。(不定式作后置定语)

Paul was the first to reach the mountaintop, the next was his father, and his mother was the last.

2. 对他所做的事情很满意，老师在班上表扬了他。(过去分词作状语)

Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.

3. 我还没来得及说话他就冲出了房间。(before引导时间状语从句)

He rushed out of the room before I could say a word．

4. 这个男孩太小，不知道遇到麻烦时怎么办。(疑问词＋不定式结构)

The boy was too young to know what to do in trouble.

5. 随着时间的推移，天气更加糟糕了。(as引导时间状语从句)

As the time went on, the weather got worse.

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

I've been a volunteer in the Macmillan@ Glasgow Libraries programme for just over a year. I got involved because I was looking for something to volunteer for after I retired from work. I thought being a Macmillan Cancer Information and Support Volunteer might be a good way to do that by using some of the skills I learned at work.

At one time, I felt I made a real difference when a lady came in to use the service. She was very upset, but she was not the person with cancer. It was her partner. She had lots of things on her mind. We, together with a counselor, had a chat about her to help deal with all the emotions (情感) she felt. We knew we could arrange something, so we discussed with her what could be done for her family. She was relieved that we could get something arranged for her and liked the fact that we managed to get the ball rolling during her visit.

The good thing about having the services in the library is that the environment is non­clinical and therefore more relaxing than the hospital or doctor's surgery. The team in the library are not medically trained. That means we do not use big words or medical terms very often.

It's great that the people who volunteer all work well together, helping each other to get a resolution for people who come in. It's good to have the team at the other end of the phone whenever we get something unusual. It is a pleasure to be able to help as a volunteer.

1. What can we infer about the author?

A. He is a retired doctor.

B. He is volunteering in a hospital.

C. He is a counselor in cancer.

D. He has fought against cancer before.

2. Why did the lady feel upset?

A. Because she was affected by cancer.

B. Because her husband suffered from cancer.

C. Because she didn't know how to treat cancer.

D. Because she had a poor relation with her husband.

3. What do we know about the volunteers?

A. They do well in teamwork.

B. They receive medical training.

C. They all used to be helped.

D. They often meet unusual things.

4. Why does the author write this text?

A. To call on readers to do voluntary work.

B. To show us how to help those in trouble.

C. To share his experiences as a volunteer.

D. To teach us how to take care of cancer patients.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章记叙了作者作为一名志愿者的经历。作者退休后，利用自己的技能去帮助那些需要帮助的人，并从中得到了快乐。

1. A　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者现在已经退休；结合第三段内容，我们可以推测，作者是一名退休医生。

2. B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She was very upset, but she was not the person with cancer. It was her partner.”和“... we discussed with her what could be done for her family.”可知，这位女士的丈夫得了癌症。

3. A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It's great that the people who volunteer all work well together，helping each other to get a resolution for people who come in.”可知，所有的志愿者都能很好地共同工作，彼此帮助，为来求助的人提供好的解决方案，由此推知，他们具有很强的团队意识，善于团队合作。

4. C　写作意图题。综合全文内容我们可以看出，本文主要讲述的是作者的志愿者经历。因此，作者写这篇文章的目的也就是要分享他作为志愿者的经历。

Ⅱ. 阅读七选五

Have you ever had times questioning yourself and feeling discouraged? If you answer yes, what you've experienced is negative self­talk.   1  . You say to yourself untrue things like, “I'm not good enough. I'm a disappointment.” These false beliefs stop us in our tracks. So, how do you stop the negative self­talk?

·  2 

Know you're special. You are “One of a Kind”！ There is no other person that thinks exactly like you. When you begin to sincerely believe how special you are, it's easier to fight the negative self­talk.

·Change your associations

Your negative self­talk comes from your environment. You didn't just accidentally wake up one day thinking of bad things about yourself. It may be because someone, somewhere in your life has told you negative things about you and whether you accept it or not, you believe them. However, if you surround yourself with the right people, they will build you up, inspire you and make you feel better.   3  ．

·Change your dialogue

Read and say all the wonderful things about yourself at least 5 times per day. Look at yourself in the mirror and say, “I am amazing！”   4  ， and you'll believe you are awesome pretty soon.

Of course, there are other things to stop negative self­talk.   5  ， but if you are determined to think positively in every situation, that will bring a positive change in your life.

A. Think the same way

B. Change is not easy

C. Change your position

D. It begins in your brain

E. Change your state of mind

F. You'll seek out the right people to help change your thoughts

G. You'll start to believe the great things they tell you little by little

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何停止消极的自我对话。

1. D　空前一句是说如果你的答案是肯定的，那么你所经历的就是消极的自我对话。空后是说你对自己说一些不真实的情况，由此可推知，D项衔接上下文，符合语境。

2. E　根据文章结构和空处所处位置可知，空处为本段的小标题。本段内容都是在描述一个人好的心态的表现，故E项最能概括本段内容。

3. G　根据空前一句“然而，如果你结交了正确的人，他们会让你振作起来，激励你，让你感觉更好”可知，G项衔接上文，符合语境。

4. A　空前一句是说看着镜子中的自己并对自己说“我太棒了”，空后是说你很快就会相信你很棒，由此可知A项符合语境。

5. B　空后表示“但如果你决心在任何情况下都积极思考，这将给你的生活带来积极的改变”。其中but为表转折意义的提示词，故B项符合语境，衔接下文。

Ⅲ. 应用文写作

假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Jeff得知你参加了你校学生会主办的“The Chinese Scientist I Admire Most”故事分享会，写信询问有关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：

1. 感谢关注；

2. 你的分享；

3. 你的感想。

注意：1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

Dear Jeff，

Thank you for your attention to the activity themed “The Chinese Scientist I Admire Most”， which was organised by the Students' Union of our school. I am happy to tell you about the event.

I shared the story of Mr Yuan Longping, an agricultural scientist known as “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He developed the world's first successful hybrid rice varieties. His approach to rice breeding also serves as a solution to food problems around the globe.

The scientists' stories shared by other participants truly inspired me to love science by making great contributions to it.

Yours，

Li Hua

Ⅳ. 读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Old Man Donovan was a mean man who hated children. He threw rocks at them and even shot at them with a shotgun. At least that's what we had heard.

His small farm bordered our neighbourhood where my younger sister, Leigh Ann, and I lived when we were growing up. His farm was long, narrow, and quaint. It held two treasures. One was his beautiful fruit.

There were many varieties of fruit: pears, apples, and lots more I just can't think of. The fruit naturally drew the children to his land. It made them into thieves. But my sister and I didn't dare to take his fruit because of the horrible rumours we had heard about Old Man Donovan.

One summer day, we were playing in a nearby field. It was time to head back home. My sister and I were feeling very daring that day. There was a short cut to our house that went through the Donovan's farm. We thought he wouldn't be able to see us run across his property around the luscious (可口味美的) fruit trees. We were almost through the farm when we heard, “Hey, girls！” in a gruff (粗哑的), low voice. We stopped dead in our tracks! There we were, face to face with Old Man Donovan. Our knees were shaking. We had visions of rocks pounding our bodies and bullets piercing our hearts.

“Come here，” he said, reaching up to one of his apple trees. Still shaking, we went over to him. He held out several ripe, juicy, red apples. “Take these home，” he commanded. We took the apples with surprised hearts and ran all the way home. Of course, Leigh Ann and I ate the apples.

As time went on, we often went through Old Man Donovan's farm, and he kept on giving us more luscious fruit. One day, we stopped by to see him when he was on his front porch (门廊). We talked to him for hours. While he was talking, we realised that we had found the other hidden treasure: the sweet, kind heart hidden behind his gruff voice. Soon, he was one of our favourite people to talk to.

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

    Every summer, we would visit Mr Donovan and talk to him. ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

    The next winter, word got around that Old Man Donovan had died. ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

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___________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

Every summer, we would visit Mr Donovan and talk to him. We shared with him our colourful experiences at school while he kept giving out his luscious fruits to us as usual. As time went by, we seemed to be more a family than good friends. But one summer, we were informed that he was seriously ill and we were anxious and restless, feeling like sitting on pins and needles. We rushed straight to the hospital to see his health condition. Weak as he was, he comforted us that it wasn't a big deal.

The next winter, word got around that Old Man Donovan had died. Hearing the bad news, I felt a lump in my throat, tears welling up in my eyes. The wind whistled through the trees, as if mourning for the death of Donovan. I realised gone were the days when we sat together chatting with each other. However, he left us a hidden treasure — his kind heart, which shall never die away with the passage of time.