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重庆市万州二中2022-2023学年高二英语上学期开学试卷（Word版附答案）
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这是一份重庆市万州二中2022-2023学年高二英语上学期开学试卷（Word版附答案），共14页。
万州二中2021级高二上期入学考试
英 语 试 题
（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the boy do first?
A. Play football. B. Go to the cinema. C. Finish his homework.
2. Where is the necklace now?
A. In the sitting room. B. In the kitchen. C. In the bedroom.
3. What is the woman probably related to Henry?
A. His colleague. B. His wife. C. His boss.
4. What is the woman going to do next?
A. Go to the restaurant. B. Type the document. C. See a dentist.
5. What does the man mean?
A. He missed the TV program.
B. He doesn’t like the program at all.
C. He experiences a power failure every night.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Why does the woman talk to the man?
A. To cancel their plan.
B. To make an invitation.
C. To ask for information.
7. What does the man decide to do this evening?
A. See a band show. B. Accompany his parents. C. Buy tickets online.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What’s wrong with the woman’s room?
A. It’s not quiet. B. It’s a little dark. C. It’s smelly.
9. What is the woman’s final decision?
A. Moving to another room.
B. Checking in another hotel.
C. Waiting for a non-smoking room.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Whom does the woman choose jewelry for?
A. Herself. B. Her mother. C. Her friend.
11. What does the woman want to buy?
A. A ring of size 6 and a long necklace.
B. A ring of size 7 and a long necklace.
C. A ring of size 7 and a short necklace.
12. What do we know about the necklace?
A. Its price depends on its quality.
B. It’s cheaper than the ring.
C. The longer one is more expensive than the shorter one.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. When can people enjoy the art exhibition?
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Thursday.
14. How does this year’s ballet performance differ from that of last year?
A. Admission is free.
B. It will be at the theater.
C. There will be two performances.
15. Where will the mask party be held?
A. In the piazza. B. In the concert hall. C. In the theater.
16. How much is a family ticket for The Little Prince?
A. $8. B. $10. C. $15.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Who usually reads the morning announcements?
A. Timmy. B. Mr. McKinney. C. Principal Johnson.
18. When is the last day of school?
A. May 20th. B. Next Wednesday. C. One month from today.
19. For what does the speaker apologize?
A. The library hours. B. The homework. C. The computers.
20. What will take place on Saturday afternoon?
A. A softball game. B. A basketball game. C. A baseball game.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Highest Mountains in the World
Mount Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaro, a dormant (休眠的) volcano, is the highest mountain in Africa. Its summit is 5,895 meters above sea level. Located in Tanzania, it is the largest free-standing mountain rise in the world, meaning it is not part of a mountain range. Kilimanjaro is made up of three volcanoes: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. Kibo is the summit of the mountain and the tallest of the three volcanic formations. While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.
Mount Everest
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in Asia and the highest mountain in the world. Its summit is 8,848.86 meters above sea level. It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China. The Chinese name is Chomolungma, which means “Mother Goddess of the World”. The Nepali name is Sagarmatha, which has various meanings.
Denali
Denali is the highest mountain in North America. Its summit is 6,193 meters above sea level. It is located in the USA, in the state of Alaska. “Denali” comes from Koyukon, a traditional native Alaskan language, and means “the tall one”. This name had been used for many generations and was used by early non-native researchers and naturalists. But in 1896, William A. Dickey, a prospector (探矿者), began calling Denali “Mount McKinley”, in honor of William McKinley, a presidential candidate at the time.
Mount Vinson
Mount Vinson is the highest mountain on Antarctica. Its summit is 5,140 meters above sea level. It is located in the summit plateau of Vinson Massif, near the base of the Palmer Peninsula in western Antarctica. Mount Vinson is part of the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains. It was spotted from the air by U.S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.
21. Why is Kibo the most dangerous one among the three volcanoes?
A. It is the highest of the three volcanoes.
B. It is covered with snow all through the year.
C. It is home to a great number of wild animals.
D. It is likely to erupt again sometimes in the future.
22. Which mountain stands between two countries?
A. Mount Kilimanjaro.
B. Mount Everest.
C. Denali.
D. Mount Vinson.
23. Who was the first to discover Mount Vinson?
A. A Japanese. B. An Australian.
C. A Frenchman. D. An American.
B
As a senior school graduate, during COVID-19 outbreak, I’ve had many concerns, the greatest one of which was being unable to help my community, except for wearing my mask, following the health officials’ guidelines, and assisting seniors to get their groceries.
Then it struck me. Solving COVID-19 relied only on individual steps and the goodwill of human consciousness. But the next challenge we have to deal with ahead is climate change, known as the silent pandemic without a vaccine . So, all I could think of was: Why don’t we do the same, and deal with it through our everyday activities?
I’ve created an App, EnRoute, to help reduce carbon emissions from shopping and transport activities. Even though I’ve never coded (编码) before, my will was greater than any excuse I could think of. The first version was just a one-screen App. Through the quarantines (隔离), I’ve had only 70 people to test the concept with and created little impact. Plus, leading a social organization seemed like a small boat in a rough sea to me. But instead of giving up, I chose to fill the gap.
And the coolest thing is that the more I was learning, the more people got interested in the idea. Through every leadership program, I built a stronger EnRoute Community where each person was equally passionate and brave to make a change. Their enthusiasm was my greatest fuel. At least I traveled across the world without a single carbon emission.
Fast forward to today, through EnRoute, over 4,000 people reduced more than 150,000 kg carbon emissions. The App turned into an international movement. And I even had the pleasure to be the first-ever Macedonian Global Teen Leader+Princess Diana Award Winner.
It turns out that except for being a good time to reflect and relax, bridge years can be a powerful tool to change the world as well!
24. How did the author feel during COVID-19?
A. Upset. B. Alarmed.
C. Worried. D. Ignorant.
25. What inspired the author to create the App, EnRoute?
A. Individual devotion to pandemic prevention.
B. Similarity between carbon emissions and COVID-19.
C. The author’s involvement in community service.
D. The influence of human activities on global warming.
26. What is the benefit of the App?
A. It unites many countries.
B. It gets many people to change.
C. It inspires the author to enjoy himself.
D. It proves the author’s ability to change others.
27. Which of the following can best describe the author?
A. Patient and selfless.
B. Able and outgoing.
C. Creative and generous.
D. Determined and responsible.
C
Octopuses (章鱼) in the wild have often been observed changing their skin color to catch their food or avoid being caught. Now, for the first time, a researcher has shot an attractive video of an octopus called Heidi rapidly changing into a quantity of colors while dreaming.
The video, part of Octopus: Making Contact, a documentary first shown on PBS on
October 2, 2019, was shot by a fish lover David Scheel, who has raised Heidi in a fish tank since she was young. The professor at Alaska Pacific University in Anchorage believes that the octopus — whose skin went from pale gray to ghostly white to deep, dark violet, before changing into a greenish-brown camouflage (伪装) pattern — was dreaming of catching her next meal.
“She’s asleep; she sees a crab , and her color starts to change a little bit,” Scheel says in the video. “Then she turns all dark. Octopuses will do that when they leave the bottom.” He adds. “This is a camouflage like she’s just caught a crab, and now she’s going to sit there and eat it, and she doesn’t want anyone to notice her. If she’s dreaming, that’s the dream.” Scheel’s theory about Heidi’s pleasant dream originates from the fact that animals with the ability to camouflage have never been observed changing colors so abruptly while sleeping.
The hour-long documentary, which tracks Scheel’s developing relationship with the octopus, also shows Heidi’s other skills. She enjoys playing with small toys, watching television — particularly The Big Bang Theory — and solving puzzles. The talented octopus can also escape from small spaces, use tools, and even press a button on a remote control. Like any smart family pet, Heidi recognizes Scheel and his teenage daughter Laura and excitedly rushes to her tank’s side in greeting every time either comes close.
28. What is the octopus doing in the video?
A. Sleeping. B. Hunting.
C. Dining. D. Hiding.
29. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The relationship between Scheel and Heidi.
B. The octopus’ daily activities in a fish tank.
C. Scheel’s guessing about the dream of Heidi.
D. The research results about octopuses’ dream.
30. What do we know about the documentary?
A. It records an octopus’ dream content.
B. It is filmed and produced by Laura.
C. It shows octopuses change colors when hunting.
D. It is about an octopus and her host Scheel.
31. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. A Fish Lover Raises an Amazing Octopus
B. A Documentary about an Octopus’ Life Habit
C. An Octopus Changes Colors While Sleeping
D. An Important Discovery Shown on PBS
D
Buying furniture is easier than ever. You can even order a new table and chairs online without ever leaving home. But did you ever think about how furniture is made? The process begins with trees but now researchers have found a better way: growing it in a lab instead of a forest. Instead of cutting down trees and adding to deforestation (砍伐森林), Velásquez-García said, “If you want a table, then you should just grow a table.”
The research group found a way to actually grow plant tissue (组织) — wood and fiber — in a lab that is similar to the way cultured meat is grown. While there is still a long way to actually grow a table, the team was able to grow structures from cells from zinnia leaves.
Making furniture and other items from biomaterials could eliminate cutting down trees in forests. “The way we get these materials hasn’t changed in centuries and is very inefficient,” said Velásquez-García. “This is a real chance to avoid all that inefficiency.”
There are other benefits to using lab wood too. Lab grown wood can be handled to take on any shape — like 3D printing — so it may be possible to build a table without glue or screwing parts together.
Beckwith, a mechanical engineering PhD student, was inspired by a visit to a farm to try to make land-use more efficient and environmentally sound. “That got me thinking: Can we be more strategic about what we’re getting out of our process? Can we get more outputs for our inputs?” she told MIT News. “I wanted to find a more efficient way to use land and resources so that we could let more farmlands remain wild, or to remain lower production but allow for greater biodiversity.”
Today, the two largest uses of trees are to make wood products and paper. When new biomaterials become readily available, forests will lose their economic value and will be preserved for their environmental, health, and recreational value. These researchers, like Velásquez-García, are speaking for the trees.
32. What does the author think of growing furniture according to paragraph 1?
A. It turns out to be convenient.
B. It’ll cut down daily expense.
C. It might have a bright future.
D. It’s as important as making furniture.
33. What does the underlined word “eliminate” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Risk. B. Fancy.
C. Remove. D. Delay.
34. What is the purpose of Beckwith’s growing furniture?
A. To make large profits.
B. To keep biodiversity.
C. To increase production.
D. To use wild resources.
35. What’s the key to protecting forests?
A. Wide use of new biomaterials.
B. Less use of wood products and paper.
C. Making effective forest laws.
D. Caring more for the environment.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Unusual weather this summer has hurt many gardens in the United States. For many, the problem is too much rain. 36 Do you still want to grow tomatoes, roses in that sunny place? It can be done. We will look at three ways you can use to correct the problem of too much water.
One way is to drain (排水) the water away to some lower location. The simplest way is with a ditch (沟), or, if your garden is large, a few ditches. Ditches crossing your garden need not be unpleasant to look at or troublesome. Picture a garden in which flat stones line ditches and form bridges across ditches that cross paths. 37 These waterways may look like a classic Persian garden.
38 Dig a ditch, as described above, then lay in black pipe that is about 10 centimeters across its width. Available at home and building stores, the pipe is made to bend easily, and the holes in it let in water. Cover the pipe with a piece of cloth that water can pass through to keep out dirt and a layer of small stones. 39
A third way to give your plants more air is to raise them above the water. Trees and bushes can be planted on raised piles of soil, often called “beds”. The beds need to be wide enough to allow roots to spread. 40 If you want a bigger plant, give its roots more room to grow. To make a raised bed, build a box at least 15 centimeters high of wood or stone.
A. Then place the soil.
B. You have a variety of plants to choose from.
C. Do you want to keep your garden where it is?
D. Do you know how to shelter your garden in the sun?
E. The whole system can be a beautiful water “feature”.
F. How wide depends on the eventual size of the plant.
G. Another way is to bury pipes with small holes underground.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A 12-year-old girl from Michigan is fighting for making laws to build public restrooms more accessible for the disabled. Good Morning America first 41 Zoey Harrison’s story on TV in 2018 when she helped save time after her mom invented the Bodycoat — a special coat for children who use 42 like Zoey.
The first bill Zoey introduced to State Representative Graham Filler in 2019 43 increasing accessibility in 44 restrooms. The second suggested adding 45 directions to accessible restrooms to the Michigan’s government website so people with disabilities know where the most
46 ones are and plan trips with their 47 .
Mom Jennifer Harrison of Ithaca, Michigan, told Good Morning America that she 48 Zoey when Zoey was a 1-year-old in an orphanage (孤儿院). “I’m 49 by her so much,” Harrison said. “Disability doesn’t stop her from reaching her 50 to help a whole bunch of people and she has no 51 to speak up.”
Zoey would also like to see more family restrooms and 52 maps so people know where to find them. She hopes to visit amusement parks, restaurants, stores and 53 the public equipment. If they meet Zoey’s approval as well as that of the checklist’s under her proposed bills, those places would 54 an official “Z-seal of approval”. Her message to fellow kids: “Always be kind and 55 and no matter what, you can make a difference.”
41. A. reported B. interviewed C. described D. written
42. A. flashlights B. glasses C. phones D. wheelchairs
43. A. took up B. turned down C. focused on D. put off
44. A. beautiful B. public C. new D. decorated
45. A. traditional B. clear C. private D. individual
46. A. suitable B. expensive C. enjoyable D. modern
47. A. pets B. teachers C. families D. fans
48. A. abandoned B. knew C. blamed D. adopted
49. A. disappointed B. amazed C. puzzled D. excited
50. A. goals B. standards C. stages D. agreements
51. A. humor B. courage C. patience D. shyness
52. A. sell B. preserve C. create D. change
53. A. repair B. destroy C. examine D. touch
54. A. borrow B. purchase C. refuse D. receive
55. A. nervous B. helpful C. intelligent D. handsome
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the 1940s, China reported 30 million cases of malaria (疟疾) each year. In the 1950s, Chinese health authorities 56 (begin) introducing measures to treat and prevent the disease. Now, after a 70-year campaign and more than four years of zero new cases, China is officially malaria free, 57 (recognize) by the World Health Organization (WHO).
The WHO gives malaria-free certificates (证明) to countries when they have presented that they’ve stopped nationwide spread 58 at least three continuous years. Countries also need to have monitoring and reacting systems in place 59 can prevent indigenous cases of the disease from coming back — indigenous in this case meaning infected (感染) 60 (local) from a native mosquito. Forty countries and regions 61 (give) the certificate so far, according to the WHO.
In the 1970s, through a government project, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou discovered artemisinin, the most 62 (power) anti-malaria drug. 63 breakthrough, based on traditional Chinese medicine, led to a Nobel Prize for Tu in 2015. “Over many decades, China’s ability 64 (think) outside the box served the country well in its own 65 (respond) to malaria, and also had a significant effect globally,” notes Dr. Pedro Alonso, Director of the WHO Global Malaria Programme.
第四部分 单词拼写 (每小题1分，满分15分）
66.Every year, we ___________ (出口)many pumpkins to other countries.
67.My father was once the great physicist’s ___________ (助手) and they two had much in common.
68.He was faced with the _______________(进退两难的境地) of whether or not to return to his country.
69.People _____________ (抱怨) about how children spend so much time on computer games.
70.When caught by the police on the spot , she ____________ (承认) having driven the car without insurance.
71.It suddenly _____________(出现) to him that he had left his dictionary in the office.
72.The children _____________(挣得) their allowance by doing chores around the house.
73.The company is in _____________(财政上的) difficulties, so the government’s help is needed.
74.She has published more than 20 books including novels, _______________ (诗歌) and literary criticism
75.The doctor advised him to try to avoid foods which ______________ (含有) a lot of fat.
76.The _______________ (大多数) of the population in the country lives in cities.
77.We have launched a campaign to support the sustainable use of natural _______________ (资源).
78.________________ (判断) from his appearance, the manager can’t be over 60 years old.
79.Don’t _______________ (犹豫) to make comments or suggestion。
80.Despite his _________________ (缺乏) of experience, he desired to get the job.
第五部分 书面表达 （满分25分）
假定你是正在伦敦读书的李华,你校成立了一个动物保护协会,需要一批志愿者加入,你受协会委托写一则招聘广告,内容包括:
1. 协会成立的目的;
2. 应聘条件;
3. 协会主要活动。
注意:
1.写作词数100字左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Volunteers Wanted
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第一部分 听力
1—5 CCABA 6—10 BCAAB 11—15 BAACB 16—20 CACCB
第二部分 阅读
21—23 DBD 24—27 CABD
28—31ACDC 32—35 CCBA
36—40 CEGAF
第三部分 语言运用
完形填空
41—45ADCBB 46—50ACDBA 51—55DCCDB
语法填空
56. began 57. recognized 58. for 59. that/which 60. locally
61. have been given 62. powerful 63. The 64. to think 65. response
第四部分 单词拼写
66. export 67. assistant 68. dilemma 69. complain 70. admitted
71. occurred 72. earned 73. financial 74. poetry/poems 75. contain
76. majority/most 77. resources 78.Judging 79. hesitate 80. lack
第五部分 书面表达
Volunteers wanted!
To help people learn more about animals and improve their awareness of animal protection, our school has set up an association and volunteers are needed.
If you take an interest in it and have much knowledge of caring for and protecting animals, please join us. Besides, we need to cooperate with volunteers from other countries, so a second language besides English is also required. Moreover, you are supposed to have a good ability to communicate with others. We’ ll regularly hold some activities like handing out leaflets and holding picture exhibitions on weekends, so you should be available on weekends.
Let’s make joint efforts to protect animals. Looking forward to your participation.
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上最高的四座山峰。
21. D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.”可知，Mawenzi和Shira都是死火山，而Kibo是休眠火山，可能会再次爆发。因此，Kibo是三个火山中最危险的。故选D。
22. B 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China.”可知，珠穆朗玛峰位于尼泊尔和中国的交界处。故选B。
23. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“It was first spotted from the air by U.S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.”可知，最先发现文森峰的是一位美国飞行员。故选D。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了疫情期间作者受社区互帮互助的启发，开发出了一款能够帮助人们减少在购物和交通活动中的碳排放的应用程序EnRoute。
24. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I’ve had many concerns, the greatest one of which was being unable to help my community.”可知，作者有许多担忧，其中最大的担忧是无法帮助他的社区。由此可知，在疫情期间，作者感到很担忧。故选C。
25. A 推理判断题。通读第二段可知，解决新冠疫情只能依靠个人的行动和人类的善意。但人类必须应对的下一个挑战——气候变化，是无法用疫苗来解决的。因此，作者想到可以通过每个人的日常活动来应对全球变暖。由此可推知，新冠疫情期间，个人在疫情预防方面做出的贡献给予了作者启发，从而开发出了EnRoute这款应用程序。故选A。
26. B 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“And the coolest thing is that the more I was learning, the more people got interested in the idea.”和第五段第一句“Fast forward to today, through EnRoute, over 4,000 people reduced more than 150,000 kg carbon emissions.”可知，这款应用程序让很多人产生兴趣并参与进来，降低了碳排放量。由此可推知，这款应用程序的好处是让很多人做出了改变。故选B。
27. D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I’ve had many concerns, the greatest one of which was being unable to help my community.”可知，作者为疫情深感担忧；结合第三段最后一句“But instead of giving up, I chose to fill the gap.”可知，作者排除万难研发应用程序，越挫越勇，不断改进。由此可推知，作者是一位有着坚定决心和强烈社会责任心的人。故选D。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一只章鱼在睡觉时改变身体颜色的视频的相关情况。
28. A 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“dreaming of catching her next meal”可知，视频中的这只章鱼正在睡觉。故选A。
29. C 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，Scheel分析了章鱼Heidi在睡觉时会改变自己身体颜色的原因。由此可推知，第三段介绍了Scheel对Heidi的梦的内容的猜测。故选C。
30. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“The hour-long documentary, which tracks Scheel’s developing relationship with the octopus, also shows Heidi’s other skills.”可知，这部纪录片记录了Scheel和章鱼Heidi的关系的发展以及Heidi的其他技能。由此可推知，它是关于一只章鱼及其主人的纪录片。故选D。
31. C 标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一只章鱼在睡觉时会改变身体颜色的视频的相关情况。C项“一只章鱼在睡觉时改变自己身体的颜色”概括了文章大意，是最适合本文的标题。故选C。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。为了减少对森林的砍伐，研究人员开始在实验室内用生物材料培育家具，这样对于环保将大有裨益。
32. C 推理判断题。根据第一段内容尤其是第四句中的“but now researchers have found a better way: growing it in a lab instead of a forest”可知，但是现在研究人员找出了一种更好的方法，即在实验室里培育家具而不是砍伐森林。由此可推知，作者对培育家具是赞同的，并认为它可能会有着光明的未来。故选C。
33. C 词义猜测题。根据第三段第二、三句“ ‘The way we get these materials hasn’t changed in centuries and is very inefficient,’ said Velásquez-García. ‘This is a real chance to avoid all that inefficiency.’”可知，Velásquez-García表示，我们获取这些材料的方式几个世纪以来都没有改变，而且效率非常低，这是一个避免所有低效率的真正机会。由此可知，画线词所在句表示用生物材料和其他物品制造家具可以杜绝砍伐森林中的树木。由此可推知，画线词意为“清除，根除”，与C项意思相近。故选C。
34. B 目的意图题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“I wanted to find a more efficient way to use land and resources so that we could let more farmlands remain wild, or to remain lower production but allow for greater biodiversity.”可知，Beckwith说她想找到一种更有效的方式来使用土地和资源，以便人们可以让更多的耕地保持野生状态，或者保持较低的产量，但要考虑让这些耕地有更丰富的生物多样性。由此可推知，Beckwith在室内培育家具的目的是保持生物多样性。故选B。
35. A 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“When new biomaterials become readily available, forests will lose their economic value and will be preserved for their environmental, health, and recreational value.”可知，当新的生物材料变得容易获得时，森林将失去其经济价值，并将因其环境、健康和娱乐价值而得到保护。由此可知，保护森林的关键是使新的生物材料得到广泛使用。故选A。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了夏季雨水过多的时候，人们如何在花园里进行排水和种植植物。
36. C 上文讲今年夏天不寻常的天气破坏了美国的许多花园。对于许多人来说，问题就是积水太多；下文讲你还想在阳光明媚的地方种植西红柿、玫瑰吗？这是可以做到的。C项“你想你的花园不被破坏吗”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
37. E 上文讲想象一个花园，那里平坦的石头沿着沟渠排列，沟渠和小路之间架起桥梁。E项“整个系统可以是一处美丽的‘水景’”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
38. G 此处是本段的主题句。本段主要介绍了在地下埋置带有小孔的管道来排水这一方法。G项“另一种方法是在地下埋置带有小孔的管道”统领全段，符合语境。故选G。
39. A 本段主要介绍了在地下埋置带有小孔的管道来排水。上文讲在管道上裹一层可以让水通过的织物，以阻隔灰尘和小石块进入。A项“然后盖上土壤”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。
40. F 上文讲苗床需要足够宽，以便让植物根系蔓延；下文讲如果你想要一棵更大的植物，那就要给它的根提供更多的生长空间。F项“宽度取决于植株最终生长的规模”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了残障女孩Zoey向政府官员提议增设公共卫生间，并希望在政府的网站上标注残障人士可用的卫生间的故事。
41. A 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“on TV”及语境可知，《早安美国》在2018年首次报道了Zoey Harrison的故事。A项意为“报道”，符合语境。故选A。
42. D 考查名词辨析。根据第三段中的“Disability doesn’t stop her from reaching her _____ to help a whole bunch of people”可知，Zoey是一名残障儿童，此处指Zoey的母亲发明了一种特制外套Bodycoat，专供像Zoey一样使用轮椅的儿童使用。D项意为“轮椅”，符合语境。故选D。
43. C 考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，Zoey第一个提案的重点是提升公共卫生间的无障碍性。C项意为“着力于，集中于”，符合语境。故选C。
44. B 考查形容词辨析。根据第一段第一句“A 12-year-old-old girl from Michigan is fighting for making laws to build public restrooms more accessible for the disabled.”可知，Zoey第一个提案的重点是提升公共卫生间的无障碍性。B项意为“公共的”，符合语境。故选B。
45. B 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“so people with disabilities know where the most _____ ones are and plan trips”及语境可知，Zoey的第二个提案是在政府的网站上增加可使用的洗手间的明确指示。B项意为“明确的”，符合语境。故选B。
46. A 考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，Zoey建议在政府的网站上增加可使用的洗手间的明确指示，这样残障人士就能知道最适合自己的洗手间在哪里。A项意为“合适的”，符合语境。故选A。
47. C 考查名词辨析。根据最后一段中的“Zoey would also like to see more family restrooms”及语境可知，当政府网站上有了可供残障人士使用的卫生间的明确指示后，残障人士也可以安排和家人们的出行了。C项意为“家人”，符合语境。故选C。
48. D 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“when Zoey was a 1-year-old in an orphanage (孤儿院)”及语境可知，Jennifer Harrison在Zoey一岁时收养了她。D项意为“收养”，符合语境。故选D。
49. B 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“Disability doesn’t stop her from reaching her _____ to help a whole bunch of people and she has no _____ to speak up.”及语境可知，Zoey的表现让Jennifer Harrison感到很惊讶。B项意为“惊讶的”，符合语境。故选B。
50. A 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“to help a whole bunch of people”及语境可知，帮助很多人是Zoey的目标，而身体的残障没有阻止Zoey去实现目标。A项意为“目标”，符合语境。故选A。
51. D 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，Zoey不会感到害羞且敢于说出自己的观点。D项意为“害羞”，符合语境。故选D。
52. C 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“so people know where to find them”及语境可知，Zoey还希望看到更多的家庭式卫生间并创建地图，以便让人们知道在哪里可以找到它们。C项意为“创建”，符合语境。故选C。
53. C 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“If they meet Zoey’s approval as well as that of the checklist’s under her proposed bills”可知，Zoey希望自己能参观游乐园、餐厅、商店并检查这些公共设施，看这些设备是否达到了她的认可程度。C项意为“检查，检验”，符合语境。故选C。
54. D 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，凡是（设备）达标的地方都会收到官方的“Z批准”。D项意为“收到”，符合语境。故选D。
55. B 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“Always be kind”及语境可知，始终保持善良和乐于助人，无论如何，你都可以有所作为，这是Zoey给同龄人的建议。故选B。
万州二中2021级高二上期入学考试
英 语 试 题
（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the boy do first?
A. Play football. B. Go to the cinema. C. Finish his homework.
2. Where is the necklace now?
A. In the sitting room. B. In the kitchen. C. In the bedroom.
3. What is the woman probably related to Henry?
A. His colleague. B. His wife. C. His boss.
4. What is the woman going to do next?
A. Go to the restaurant. B. Type the document. C. See a dentist.
5. What does the man mean?
A. He missed the TV program.
B. He doesn’t like the program at all.
C. He experiences a power failure every night.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Why does the woman talk to the man?
A. To cancel their plan.
B. To make an invitation.
C. To ask for information.
7. What does the man decide to do this evening?
A. See a band show. B. Accompany his parents. C. Buy tickets online.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What’s wrong with the woman’s room?
A. It’s not quiet. B. It’s a little dark. C. It’s smelly.
9. What is the woman’s final decision?
A. Moving to another room.
B. Checking in another hotel.
C. Waiting for a non-smoking room.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Whom does the woman choose jewelry for?
A. Herself. B. Her mother. C. Her friend.
11. What does the woman want to buy?
A. A ring of size 6 and a long necklace.
B. A ring of size 7 and a long necklace.
C. A ring of size 7 and a short necklace.
12. What do we know about the necklace?
A. Its price depends on its quality.
B. It’s cheaper than the ring.
C. The longer one is more expensive than the shorter one.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. When can people enjoy the art exhibition?
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Thursday.
14. How does this year’s ballet performance differ from that of last year?
A. Admission is free.
B. It will be at the theater.
C. There will be two performances.
15. Where will the mask party be held?
A. In the piazza. B. In the concert hall. C. In the theater.
16. How much is a family ticket for The Little Prince?
A. $8. B. $10. C. $15.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Who usually reads the morning announcements?
A. Timmy. B. Mr. McKinney. C. Principal Johnson.
18. When is the last day of school?
A. May 20th. B. Next Wednesday. C. One month from today.
19. For what does the speaker apologize?
A. The library hours. B. The homework. C. The computers.
20. What will take place on Saturday afternoon?
A. A softball game. B. A basketball game. C. A baseball game.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Highest Mountains in the World
Mount Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaro, a dormant (休眠的) volcano, is the highest mountain in Africa. Its summit is 5,895 meters above sea level. Located in Tanzania, it is the largest free-standing mountain rise in the world, meaning it is not part of a mountain range. Kilimanjaro is made up of three volcanoes: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. Kibo is the summit of the mountain and the tallest of the three volcanic formations. While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.
Mount Everest
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in Asia and the highest mountain in the world. Its summit is 8,848.86 meters above sea level. It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China. The Chinese name is Chomolungma, which means “Mother Goddess of the World”. The Nepali name is Sagarmatha, which has various meanings.
Denali
Denali is the highest mountain in North America. Its summit is 6,193 meters above sea level. It is located in the USA, in the state of Alaska. “Denali” comes from Koyukon, a traditional native Alaskan language, and means “the tall one”. This name had been used for many generations and was used by early non-native researchers and naturalists. But in 1896, William A. Dickey, a prospector (探矿者), began calling Denali “Mount McKinley”, in honor of William McKinley, a presidential candidate at the time.
Mount Vinson
Mount Vinson is the highest mountain on Antarctica. Its summit is 5,140 meters above sea level. It is located in the summit plateau of Vinson Massif, near the base of the Palmer Peninsula in western Antarctica. Mount Vinson is part of the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains. It was spotted from the air by U.S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.
21. Why is Kibo the most dangerous one among the three volcanoes?
A. It is the highest of the three volcanoes.
B. It is covered with snow all through the year.
C. It is home to a great number of wild animals.
D. It is likely to erupt again sometimes in the future.
22. Which mountain stands between two countries?
A. Mount Kilimanjaro.
B. Mount Everest.
C. Denali.
D. Mount Vinson.
23. Who was the first to discover Mount Vinson?
A. A Japanese. B. An Australian.
C. A Frenchman. D. An American.
B
As a senior school graduate, during COVID-19 outbreak, I’ve had many concerns, the greatest one of which was being unable to help my community, except for wearing my mask, following the health officials’ guidelines, and assisting seniors to get their groceries.
Then it struck me. Solving COVID-19 relied only on individual steps and the goodwill of human consciousness. But the next challenge we have to deal with ahead is climate change, known as the silent pandemic without a vaccine . So, all I could think of was: Why don’t we do the same, and deal with it through our everyday activities?
I’ve created an App, EnRoute, to help reduce carbon emissions from shopping and transport activities. Even though I’ve never coded (编码) before, my will was greater than any excuse I could think of. The first version was just a one-screen App. Through the quarantines (隔离), I’ve had only 70 people to test the concept with and created little impact. Plus, leading a social organization seemed like a small boat in a rough sea to me. But instead of giving up, I chose to fill the gap.
And the coolest thing is that the more I was learning, the more people got interested in the idea. Through every leadership program, I built a stronger EnRoute Community where each person was equally passionate and brave to make a change. Their enthusiasm was my greatest fuel. At least I traveled across the world without a single carbon emission.
Fast forward to today, through EnRoute, over 4,000 people reduced more than 150,000 kg carbon emissions. The App turned into an international movement. And I even had the pleasure to be the first-ever Macedonian Global Teen Leader+Princess Diana Award Winner.
It turns out that except for being a good time to reflect and relax, bridge years can be a powerful tool to change the world as well!
24. How did the author feel during COVID-19?
A. Upset. B. Alarmed.
C. Worried. D. Ignorant.
25. What inspired the author to create the App, EnRoute?
A. Individual devotion to pandemic prevention.
B. Similarity between carbon emissions and COVID-19.
C. The author’s involvement in community service.
D. The influence of human activities on global warming.
26. What is the benefit of the App?
A. It unites many countries.
B. It gets many people to change.
C. It inspires the author to enjoy himself.
D. It proves the author’s ability to change others.
27. Which of the following can best describe the author?
A. Patient and selfless.
B. Able and outgoing.
C. Creative and generous.
D. Determined and responsible.
C
Octopuses (章鱼) in the wild have often been observed changing their skin color to catch their food or avoid being caught. Now, for the first time, a researcher has shot an attractive video of an octopus called Heidi rapidly changing into a quantity of colors while dreaming.
The video, part of Octopus: Making Contact, a documentary first shown on PBS on
October 2, 2019, was shot by a fish lover David Scheel, who has raised Heidi in a fish tank since she was young. The professor at Alaska Pacific University in Anchorage believes that the octopus — whose skin went from pale gray to ghostly white to deep, dark violet, before changing into a greenish-brown camouflage (伪装) pattern — was dreaming of catching her next meal.
“She’s asleep; she sees a crab , and her color starts to change a little bit,” Scheel says in the video. “Then she turns all dark. Octopuses will do that when they leave the bottom.” He adds. “This is a camouflage like she’s just caught a crab, and now she’s going to sit there and eat it, and she doesn’t want anyone to notice her. If she’s dreaming, that’s the dream.” Scheel’s theory about Heidi’s pleasant dream originates from the fact that animals with the ability to camouflage have never been observed changing colors so abruptly while sleeping.
The hour-long documentary, which tracks Scheel’s developing relationship with the octopus, also shows Heidi’s other skills. She enjoys playing with small toys, watching television — particularly The Big Bang Theory — and solving puzzles. The talented octopus can also escape from small spaces, use tools, and even press a button on a remote control. Like any smart family pet, Heidi recognizes Scheel and his teenage daughter Laura and excitedly rushes to her tank’s side in greeting every time either comes close.
28. What is the octopus doing in the video?
A. Sleeping. B. Hunting.
C. Dining. D. Hiding.
29. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The relationship between Scheel and Heidi.
B. The octopus’ daily activities in a fish tank.
C. Scheel’s guessing about the dream of Heidi.
D. The research results about octopuses’ dream.
30. What do we know about the documentary?
A. It records an octopus’ dream content.
B. It is filmed and produced by Laura.
C. It shows octopuses change colors when hunting.
D. It is about an octopus and her host Scheel.
31. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. A Fish Lover Raises an Amazing Octopus
B. A Documentary about an Octopus’ Life Habit
C. An Octopus Changes Colors While Sleeping
D. An Important Discovery Shown on PBS
D
Buying furniture is easier than ever. You can even order a new table and chairs online without ever leaving home. But did you ever think about how furniture is made? The process begins with trees but now researchers have found a better way: growing it in a lab instead of a forest. Instead of cutting down trees and adding to deforestation (砍伐森林), Velásquez-García said, “If you want a table, then you should just grow a table.”
The research group found a way to actually grow plant tissue (组织) — wood and fiber — in a lab that is similar to the way cultured meat is grown. While there is still a long way to actually grow a table, the team was able to grow structures from cells from zinnia leaves.
Making furniture and other items from biomaterials could eliminate cutting down trees in forests. “The way we get these materials hasn’t changed in centuries and is very inefficient,” said Velásquez-García. “This is a real chance to avoid all that inefficiency.”
There are other benefits to using lab wood too. Lab grown wood can be handled to take on any shape — like 3D printing — so it may be possible to build a table without glue or screwing parts together.
Beckwith, a mechanical engineering PhD student, was inspired by a visit to a farm to try to make land-use more efficient and environmentally sound. “That got me thinking: Can we be more strategic about what we’re getting out of our process? Can we get more outputs for our inputs?” she told MIT News. “I wanted to find a more efficient way to use land and resources so that we could let more farmlands remain wild, or to remain lower production but allow for greater biodiversity.”
Today, the two largest uses of trees are to make wood products and paper. When new biomaterials become readily available, forests will lose their economic value and will be preserved for their environmental, health, and recreational value. These researchers, like Velásquez-García, are speaking for the trees.
32. What does the author think of growing furniture according to paragraph 1?
A. It turns out to be convenient.
B. It’ll cut down daily expense.
C. It might have a bright future.
D. It’s as important as making furniture.
33. What does the underlined word “eliminate” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Risk. B. Fancy.
C. Remove. D. Delay.
34. What is the purpose of Beckwith’s growing furniture?
A. To make large profits.
B. To keep biodiversity.
C. To increase production.
D. To use wild resources.
35. What’s the key to protecting forests?
A. Wide use of new biomaterials.
B. Less use of wood products and paper.
C. Making effective forest laws.
D. Caring more for the environment.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Unusual weather this summer has hurt many gardens in the United States. For many, the problem is too much rain. 36 Do you still want to grow tomatoes, roses in that sunny place? It can be done. We will look at three ways you can use to correct the problem of too much water.
One way is to drain (排水) the water away to some lower location. The simplest way is with a ditch (沟), or, if your garden is large, a few ditches. Ditches crossing your garden need not be unpleasant to look at or troublesome. Picture a garden in which flat stones line ditches and form bridges across ditches that cross paths. 37 These waterways may look like a classic Persian garden.
38 Dig a ditch, as described above, then lay in black pipe that is about 10 centimeters across its width. Available at home and building stores, the pipe is made to bend easily, and the holes in it let in water. Cover the pipe with a piece of cloth that water can pass through to keep out dirt and a layer of small stones. 39
A third way to give your plants more air is to raise them above the water. Trees and bushes can be planted on raised piles of soil, often called “beds”. The beds need to be wide enough to allow roots to spread. 40 If you want a bigger plant, give its roots more room to grow. To make a raised bed, build a box at least 15 centimeters high of wood or stone.
A. Then place the soil.
B. You have a variety of plants to choose from.
C. Do you want to keep your garden where it is?
D. Do you know how to shelter your garden in the sun?
E. The whole system can be a beautiful water “feature”.
F. How wide depends on the eventual size of the plant.
G. Another way is to bury pipes with small holes underground.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A 12-year-old girl from Michigan is fighting for making laws to build public restrooms more accessible for the disabled. Good Morning America first 41 Zoey Harrison’s story on TV in 2018 when she helped save time after her mom invented the Bodycoat — a special coat for children who use 42 like Zoey.
The first bill Zoey introduced to State Representative Graham Filler in 2019 43 increasing accessibility in 44 restrooms. The second suggested adding 45 directions to accessible restrooms to the Michigan’s government website so people with disabilities know where the most
46 ones are and plan trips with their 47 .
Mom Jennifer Harrison of Ithaca, Michigan, told Good Morning America that she 48 Zoey when Zoey was a 1-year-old in an orphanage (孤儿院). “I’m 49 by her so much,” Harrison said. “Disability doesn’t stop her from reaching her 50 to help a whole bunch of people and she has no 51 to speak up.”
Zoey would also like to see more family restrooms and 52 maps so people know where to find them. She hopes to visit amusement parks, restaurants, stores and 53 the public equipment. If they meet Zoey’s approval as well as that of the checklist’s under her proposed bills, those places would 54 an official “Z-seal of approval”. Her message to fellow kids: “Always be kind and 55 and no matter what, you can make a difference.”
41. A. reported B. interviewed C. described D. written
42. A. flashlights B. glasses C. phones D. wheelchairs
43. A. took up B. turned down C. focused on D. put off
44. A. beautiful B. public C. new D. decorated
45. A. traditional B. clear C. private D. individual
46. A. suitable B. expensive C. enjoyable D. modern
47. A. pets B. teachers C. families D. fans
48. A. abandoned B. knew C. blamed D. adopted
49. A. disappointed B. amazed C. puzzled D. excited
50. A. goals B. standards C. stages D. agreements
51. A. humor B. courage C. patience D. shyness
52. A. sell B. preserve C. create D. change
53. A. repair B. destroy C. examine D. touch
54. A. borrow B. purchase C. refuse D. receive
55. A. nervous B. helpful C. intelligent D. handsome
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the 1940s, China reported 30 million cases of malaria (疟疾) each year. In the 1950s, Chinese health authorities 56 (begin) introducing measures to treat and prevent the disease. Now, after a 70-year campaign and more than four years of zero new cases, China is officially malaria free, 57 (recognize) by the World Health Organization (WHO).
The WHO gives malaria-free certificates (证明) to countries when they have presented that they’ve stopped nationwide spread 58 at least three continuous years. Countries also need to have monitoring and reacting systems in place 59 can prevent indigenous cases of the disease from coming back — indigenous in this case meaning infected (感染) 60 (local) from a native mosquito. Forty countries and regions 61 (give) the certificate so far, according to the WHO.
In the 1970s, through a government project, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou discovered artemisinin, the most 62 (power) anti-malaria drug. 63 breakthrough, based on traditional Chinese medicine, led to a Nobel Prize for Tu in 2015. “Over many decades, China’s ability 64 (think) outside the box served the country well in its own 65 (respond) to malaria, and also had a significant effect globally,” notes Dr. Pedro Alonso, Director of the WHO Global Malaria Programme.
第四部分 单词拼写 (每小题1分，满分15分）
66.Every year, we ___________ (出口)many pumpkins to other countries.
67.My father was once the great physicist’s ___________ (助手) and they two had much in common.
68.He was faced with the _______________(进退两难的境地) of whether or not to return to his country.
69.People _____________ (抱怨) about how children spend so much time on computer games.
70.When caught by the police on the spot , she ____________ (承认) having driven the car without insurance.
71.It suddenly _____________(出现) to him that he had left his dictionary in the office.
72.The children _____________(挣得) their allowance by doing chores around the house.
73.The company is in _____________(财政上的) difficulties, so the government’s help is needed.
74.She has published more than 20 books including novels, _______________ (诗歌) and literary criticism
75.The doctor advised him to try to avoid foods which ______________ (含有) a lot of fat.
76.The _______________ (大多数) of the population in the country lives in cities.
77.We have launched a campaign to support the sustainable use of natural _______________ (资源).
78.________________ (判断) from his appearance, the manager can’t be over 60 years old.
79.Don’t _______________ (犹豫) to make comments or suggestion。
80.Despite his _________________ (缺乏) of experience, he desired to get the job.
第五部分 书面表达 （满分25分）
假定你是正在伦敦读书的李华,你校成立了一个动物保护协会,需要一批志愿者加入,你受协会委托写一则招聘广告,内容包括:
1. 协会成立的目的;
2. 应聘条件;
3. 协会主要活动。
注意:
1.写作词数100字左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Volunteers Wanted
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第一部分 听力
1—5 CCABA 6—10 BCAAB 11—15 BAACB 16—20 CACCB
第二部分 阅读
21—23 DBD 24—27 CABD
28—31ACDC 32—35 CCBA
36—40 CEGAF
第三部分 语言运用
完形填空
41—45ADCBB 46—50ACDBA 51—55DCCDB
语法填空
56. began 57. recognized 58. for 59. that/which 60. locally
61. have been given 62. powerful 63. The 64. to think 65. response
第四部分 单词拼写
66. export 67. assistant 68. dilemma 69. complain 70. admitted
71. occurred 72. earned 73. financial 74. poetry/poems 75. contain
76. majority/most 77. resources 78.Judging 79. hesitate 80. lack
第五部分 书面表达
Volunteers wanted!
To help people learn more about animals and improve their awareness of animal protection, our school has set up an association and volunteers are needed.
If you take an interest in it and have much knowledge of caring for and protecting animals, please join us. Besides, we need to cooperate with volunteers from other countries, so a second language besides English is also required. Moreover, you are supposed to have a good ability to communicate with others. We’ ll regularly hold some activities like handing out leaflets and holding picture exhibitions on weekends, so you should be available on weekends.
Let’s make joint efforts to protect animals. Looking forward to your participation.
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上最高的四座山峰。
21. D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.”可知，Mawenzi和Shira都是死火山，而Kibo是休眠火山，可能会再次爆发。因此，Kibo是三个火山中最危险的。故选D。
22. B 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China.”可知，珠穆朗玛峰位于尼泊尔和中国的交界处。故选B。
23. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“It was first spotted from the air by U.S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.”可知，最先发现文森峰的是一位美国飞行员。故选D。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了疫情期间作者受社区互帮互助的启发，开发出了一款能够帮助人们减少在购物和交通活动中的碳排放的应用程序EnRoute。
24. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I’ve had many concerns, the greatest one of which was being unable to help my community.”可知，作者有许多担忧，其中最大的担忧是无法帮助他的社区。由此可知，在疫情期间，作者感到很担忧。故选C。
25. A 推理判断题。通读第二段可知，解决新冠疫情只能依靠个人的行动和人类的善意。但人类必须应对的下一个挑战——气候变化，是无法用疫苗来解决的。因此，作者想到可以通过每个人的日常活动来应对全球变暖。由此可推知，新冠疫情期间，个人在疫情预防方面做出的贡献给予了作者启发，从而开发出了EnRoute这款应用程序。故选A。
26. B 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“And the coolest thing is that the more I was learning, the more people got interested in the idea.”和第五段第一句“Fast forward to today, through EnRoute, over 4,000 people reduced more than 150,000 kg carbon emissions.”可知，这款应用程序让很多人产生兴趣并参与进来，降低了碳排放量。由此可推知，这款应用程序的好处是让很多人做出了改变。故选B。
27. D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I’ve had many concerns, the greatest one of which was being unable to help my community.”可知，作者为疫情深感担忧；结合第三段最后一句“But instead of giving up, I chose to fill the gap.”可知，作者排除万难研发应用程序，越挫越勇，不断改进。由此可推知，作者是一位有着坚定决心和强烈社会责任心的人。故选D。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一只章鱼在睡觉时改变身体颜色的视频的相关情况。
28. A 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“dreaming of catching her next meal”可知，视频中的这只章鱼正在睡觉。故选A。
29. C 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，Scheel分析了章鱼Heidi在睡觉时会改变自己身体颜色的原因。由此可推知，第三段介绍了Scheel对Heidi的梦的内容的猜测。故选C。
30. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“The hour-long documentary, which tracks Scheel’s developing relationship with the octopus, also shows Heidi’s other skills.”可知，这部纪录片记录了Scheel和章鱼Heidi的关系的发展以及Heidi的其他技能。由此可推知，它是关于一只章鱼及其主人的纪录片。故选D。
31. C 标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一只章鱼在睡觉时会改变身体颜色的视频的相关情况。C项“一只章鱼在睡觉时改变自己身体的颜色”概括了文章大意，是最适合本文的标题。故选C。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。为了减少对森林的砍伐，研究人员开始在实验室内用生物材料培育家具，这样对于环保将大有裨益。
32. C 推理判断题。根据第一段内容尤其是第四句中的“but now researchers have found a better way: growing it in a lab instead of a forest”可知，但是现在研究人员找出了一种更好的方法，即在实验室里培育家具而不是砍伐森林。由此可推知，作者对培育家具是赞同的，并认为它可能会有着光明的未来。故选C。
33. C 词义猜测题。根据第三段第二、三句“ ‘The way we get these materials hasn’t changed in centuries and is very inefficient,’ said Velásquez-García. ‘This is a real chance to avoid all that inefficiency.’”可知，Velásquez-García表示，我们获取这些材料的方式几个世纪以来都没有改变，而且效率非常低，这是一个避免所有低效率的真正机会。由此可知，画线词所在句表示用生物材料和其他物品制造家具可以杜绝砍伐森林中的树木。由此可推知，画线词意为“清除，根除”，与C项意思相近。故选C。
34. B 目的意图题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“I wanted to find a more efficient way to use land and resources so that we could let more farmlands remain wild, or to remain lower production but allow for greater biodiversity.”可知，Beckwith说她想找到一种更有效的方式来使用土地和资源，以便人们可以让更多的耕地保持野生状态，或者保持较低的产量，但要考虑让这些耕地有更丰富的生物多样性。由此可推知，Beckwith在室内培育家具的目的是保持生物多样性。故选B。
35. A 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“When new biomaterials become readily available, forests will lose their economic value and will be preserved for their environmental, health, and recreational value.”可知，当新的生物材料变得容易获得时，森林将失去其经济价值，并将因其环境、健康和娱乐价值而得到保护。由此可知，保护森林的关键是使新的生物材料得到广泛使用。故选A。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了夏季雨水过多的时候，人们如何在花园里进行排水和种植植物。
36. C 上文讲今年夏天不寻常的天气破坏了美国的许多花园。对于许多人来说，问题就是积水太多；下文讲你还想在阳光明媚的地方种植西红柿、玫瑰吗？这是可以做到的。C项“你想你的花园不被破坏吗”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
37. E 上文讲想象一个花园，那里平坦的石头沿着沟渠排列，沟渠和小路之间架起桥梁。E项“整个系统可以是一处美丽的‘水景’”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
38. G 此处是本段的主题句。本段主要介绍了在地下埋置带有小孔的管道来排水这一方法。G项“另一种方法是在地下埋置带有小孔的管道”统领全段，符合语境。故选G。
39. A 本段主要介绍了在地下埋置带有小孔的管道来排水。上文讲在管道上裹一层可以让水通过的织物，以阻隔灰尘和小石块进入。A项“然后盖上土壤”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。
40. F 上文讲苗床需要足够宽，以便让植物根系蔓延；下文讲如果你想要一棵更大的植物，那就要给它的根提供更多的生长空间。F项“宽度取决于植株最终生长的规模”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了残障女孩Zoey向政府官员提议增设公共卫生间，并希望在政府的网站上标注残障人士可用的卫生间的故事。
41. A 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“on TV”及语境可知，《早安美国》在2018年首次报道了Zoey Harrison的故事。A项意为“报道”，符合语境。故选A。
42. D 考查名词辨析。根据第三段中的“Disability doesn’t stop her from reaching her _____ to help a whole bunch of people”可知，Zoey是一名残障儿童，此处指Zoey的母亲发明了一种特制外套Bodycoat，专供像Zoey一样使用轮椅的儿童使用。D项意为“轮椅”，符合语境。故选D。
43. C 考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，Zoey第一个提案的重点是提升公共卫生间的无障碍性。C项意为“着力于，集中于”，符合语境。故选C。
44. B 考查形容词辨析。根据第一段第一句“A 12-year-old-old girl from Michigan is fighting for making laws to build public restrooms more accessible for the disabled.”可知，Zoey第一个提案的重点是提升公共卫生间的无障碍性。B项意为“公共的”，符合语境。故选B。
45. B 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“so people with disabilities know where the most _____ ones are and plan trips”及语境可知，Zoey的第二个提案是在政府的网站上增加可使用的洗手间的明确指示。B项意为“明确的”，符合语境。故选B。
46. A 考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，Zoey建议在政府的网站上增加可使用的洗手间的明确指示，这样残障人士就能知道最适合自己的洗手间在哪里。A项意为“合适的”，符合语境。故选A。
47. C 考查名词辨析。根据最后一段中的“Zoey would also like to see more family restrooms”及语境可知，当政府网站上有了可供残障人士使用的卫生间的明确指示后，残障人士也可以安排和家人们的出行了。C项意为“家人”，符合语境。故选C。
48. D 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“when Zoey was a 1-year-old in an orphanage (孤儿院)”及语境可知，Jennifer Harrison在Zoey一岁时收养了她。D项意为“收养”，符合语境。故选D。
49. B 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“Disability doesn’t stop her from reaching her _____ to help a whole bunch of people and she has no _____ to speak up.”及语境可知，Zoey的表现让Jennifer Harrison感到很惊讶。B项意为“惊讶的”，符合语境。故选B。
50. A 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“to help a whole bunch of people”及语境可知，帮助很多人是Zoey的目标，而身体的残障没有阻止Zoey去实现目标。A项意为“目标”，符合语境。故选A。
51. D 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，Zoey不会感到害羞且敢于说出自己的观点。D项意为“害羞”，符合语境。故选D。
52. C 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“so people know where to find them”及语境可知，Zoey还希望看到更多的家庭式卫生间并创建地图，以便让人们知道在哪里可以找到它们。C项意为“创建”，符合语境。故选C。
53. C 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“If they meet Zoey’s approval as well as that of the checklist’s under her proposed bills”可知，Zoey希望自己能参观游乐园、餐厅、商店并检查这些公共设施，看这些设备是否达到了她的认可程度。C项意为“检查，检验”，符合语境。故选C。
54. D 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，凡是（设备）达标的地方都会收到官方的“Z批准”。D项意为“收到”，符合语境。故选D。
55. B 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“Always be kind”及语境可知，始终保持善良和乐于助人，无论如何，你都可以有所作为，这是Zoey给同龄人的建议。故选B。
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