2023届中考英语通过论语学习定语从句 课件

这是一份2023届中考英语通过论语学习定语从句 课件，共32页。PPT课件主要包含了 关系词， 省略用法， 非限定性定语从句， 定义， 特殊情况，定语从句的定义，关系代词和关系副词，when 作时间状语，why 作原因状语，非限定性定语从句等内容，欢迎下载使用。

He is ne f the mst famus educatr in chinese histry, wh cmes frm the state f Lu, whm his students think highly f, and whse main wrk is The Analects.
Guesswhheis?
Cnfucius 孔子
译文：I have yet t see a persn wh blame himself fr his wn mistakes.
子曰：“已矣乎！吾未见能见其过而内自讼者也。”
翻译为：孔子说：“完了，我还没有看见过能够看到自己的错误而又能从内心责备自己的人。”该句出自《论语·公冶长》论语·公冶长是《论语》中的第五篇，此篇有28章，以谈论仁德为主线
I have yet t see a persn wh blamehimself fr his wn mistakes.
I have yet t see a smart persn.
句子作定语,修饰by, 叫做定语从句
概念:　在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.
I have yet t see a persn wh blame himself fr his wn mistakes.
which, wh, whm, whse, that
where, when，why
Remember this chart：
The ne wh merely knws the value f study is nt s gd as the ne wh takes an interest in studying. The ne wh takes an interest in studying is nt s gd as the ne wh delights in studying.
子曰：知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者
孔子说：“懂得学习的人比不上喜爱学习的人；喜爱学习的人比不上以此为乐的人。”孔老夫子的这句话讲的是关于兴趣对于学习的重要性。学习知识重要的是培养学习的兴趣，俗话说“兴趣是最好的老师”。对知识的学习感兴趣，就会变被动为主动，以学习为乐事，在快乐中学习，既能提高学习的效率，还能加深对知识的理解，这样学到的知识才能灵活地运用。
这里的wh修饰人，作主语
>>关系代词wh/whm/that
The village hnest man wh/whm/that everyne believes t be hnest and supprtive but is actually a back-stabbing duble-talker, is the bandit f virtue.
子曰：乡愿，德之贼也。
孔子说：没有原则而去投人所好的人，是足以败坏道德的小人。孔子为什么这样说呢？“乡愿”，也就是“向愿”，即揣测他人心思、谄媚别人而达到一己私欲，如为了讨好领导而拍马屁、为了招揽客户而不择手段“乡愿”给人的感觉待人热情、八面玲珑，但这样的人却用冠冕堂皇的表面文章扰乱了人们对德行的标准。
wh/whm/that 这里修饰人，作宾语
A persn whse culture and rusticity are perfectlybalanced is a gentleman.
子曰：质胜文则野,文胜质则史。文质彬彬,然后君子。
孔子说：质朴多于文采,就会显得粗野,文采多于质朴,就会显得虚伪。文采和质朴兼具,然后才会成为君子
whse 作宾语，...的
>>关系代词which
There are three things which the superir man guards against. In yuth, when the physical pwers, are nt yet settled, he guards against lust. When he is strng and the physical pwers are full f vigr, he guards against quarrelsmeness. When he is ld, and the animal pwers are decayed, he guards against cvetusness.
子曰：君子有三戒。少之时，血气未定，戒之在色。及其壮也，血气方刚，戒之在斗。及其老也，血气既衰，戒之在得。
that修饰物，作宾语
While his parents are alive, the sn may nt g abrad t a distance. If he des g abrad, he must have a fixed place t which /where he ges.
子曰：父母在，不远游，游必有方。
古人讲父母老了，怕没人照应，而不远游，即使要远游，子女必须对父母有个安顿的方法，对自己的出行有个正当的缘由，这是孝子之道。“方”者应是方法，不是方向。
t which /where 作地点状语
At the time when Cnfucius passed away, his disciples, grateful fr their master's cntinual kindness, bserved a three-year murning perid at Zigng's behest.
The reasn why sme f the disciples jureyed t varius states t prvide their services and transmit Cnfucius' teachings is that the rulers f the time were always seeking talent.
The village hnest man , whm everyne believes t be hnest and supprtive but is actually a back-stabbing duble-talker, is the bandit f virtue.
这里的whm不能用wh/that
Zixia, wh later came t be knwn as the "transmitter f the classics, "accepted an invitatin t assist Marquis Wen f Wei, and there he tk n the rle f instructr t the students f Wei. The place sn became a shrine , which peple culd g t pay hmage t the Cnfucian ideal.
>>1、关系代词作宾语时的省略
The village hnest man wh/whm/that/ \ everyne believes t be hnest and supprtive but is actually a back-stabbing duble-talker, is the bandit f virtue.
wh/whm/that 作宾语,可省略
>>2、关系代词的省略
当先行词是reasn, place, the day, the time, every time, each time, the mment, 关系副词可以省略。
At the time when/ \ / Cnfucius passed away, his disciples, grateful fr their master's cntinual kindness, bserved a three-year murning perid at Zigng's behest.
when前有the time,可省略
>>3、当先行词是way时
It's the peple wh can exalt the way, nt the way that /in which/ \ / that can exalt peple.
子曰：人能弘道，非道弘人
弘是廓大之意，那么道究竟指什么道？儒家、道家甚至法家都有谈及道，但他们的道各不相同。孔子所言之道，是儒家的道，是仁道。因此，这八个字，字面意思是说：人能够把道廓大，不是用道来廓大人。
这里的that/in which 可省略
>>1、只用that、不用which的5种情况
The village hnest man that everyne believes t be hnest and supprtive but is actually a back-stabbing duble-talker, is the bandit f virtue.这里不能用which
1） 当先行词是：all , any , anything , everything , nthing the ne, much, few, little或被它们修饰时。2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。3）当先行词有：the nly , the very , the same , the last 等修饰时。4）当主句以wh或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或 wh 。以避免重复。5）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that 。
>>2、只用which、不用that的情况
The place sn became a shrine , which peple culd g t pay hmage t the Cnfucian ideal.
1.在非限定性定语从句中，无论如何也不能用that
2.关系代词前面出现介词时3.当先行词本身为that（指代）时4当先行词是baby, child等词时
根据在自己的理解，用英语介绍孔子及他的著作《论语》，可以参照下面这段话：He is ne f the mst famus educatr in chinese histry, wh cmes frm the state f Lu, whm his students think highly f, and whse main wrk is The Analects.