高考英语名词性从句课件

这是一份高考英语名词性从句课件，共41页。PPT课件主要包含了主语从句，that，He said ，and，whetherif，whether，Whether，If ，who，what等内容，欢迎下载使用。

名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：　　 连接词：that, whether, if连接代词：what, whatever, wh, whever, whm, whse, which.连接副词：when, where, hw, why
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主语
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。例如： It is a pity that yu didn’t g t see the film. It desn’t interest me whether yu succeed r nt.
Ⅰ Subject clause引导主语从句的连词主要有:一.由 that 引导的主从:1. That we shall be late is certain.2. _____________________ is knwn t all. (地球是圆的)3. ________________________ is a pity. (你错过了这次机会) ★ that 不作成分，无意义, 但不能省略. 后接一个完整的陈述句.
That the earth is rund
That yu missed the chance
注：that 引导的主语从句作主语，谓语用单数。That 引导的主从，常用形式主语it 代替，that 从句后移。That we need time is bvius.It is bvius that we need time.
2. What 引导的主从，what作主语，宾语或表语，表。。。的东西What we need is time.What he said it is true.
What 引导的主从，谓语动词视后面的名词而定。What we need time.What he gave me are tw bks.
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如： 1) ______yu said yesterday is right. 2) ______she is still alive is a gd thing.
It is right what yu said yesterday.
It is a gd thing that she is still alive.
2. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
3. 由whether引导的主从:e.g. Whether he’ll be able t cme is nt yet knwn. Whether we will succeed is still a questin. ★主语从句不能用if来引导;Ex:1.是否我们要参加这次会议仍未被决定。 Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.
4. 疑问词引导的主语从句 what; which; wh; whm; when; where; why; hw 原则:缺什么补什么What he said at the meeting surprised us.Wh will win the game is nt clear.Where he will g is unknwn.Why they have nt left yet puzzled me.Hw we can get there is a prblem.
1.______ makes this shp different is that it ffers mre persnal B. Wh C. Whatever D. Whever2.______I can pay back the help that peple give me makes me very B.What C.That ’s nt clear ________ was respnsible fr the B.What C.Hw D.That
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。
1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如： I heard that he jined the army. (2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如： She did nt knw what had happened. I wnder whether yu can change this nte fr me. (3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如： She tld me that she wuld accept my invitatin.
2. 作介词的宾语，例如： Our success depends upn hw well we can cperate(合作）with ne anther.
3. 作形容词的宾语，例如： I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. I am sure (that) he will win the game.
4. it 可以作为形式宾语 it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如： We thught it gd news that the fg had finally gne.
Ⅱ Object clause
★引导宾语从句的连词主要有:1.that引导的宾从 She sensed she was being watching. We believe he is hnest. I tld him I wuld cme back sn.★单个的宾语从句中连词that可以省略.
＊如果宾语从句是由and或是but连接的两个句子,那么要用2个连词分别引导两个句子,并且不能省略.
that he liked rain very much
that he wuld nt use an umbrella.
2. if/whether 引导的宾从
如果宾语从句为一般疑问句时,用if或whether来引导e.g. I wnder if/whether he will cme n time.★ if 和whether 的选用1)从句是一般疑问句作动词的宾语,二者都可用;2)Whether …r nt搭配,不能用if;
whether 与 if 均为 “是否” 的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被 if 所取代：主语从句不能用if
Whether he will cme is unknwn.
2. 表语从句不能用if，如：
The questin is whether yu shuld accept it.
3. 同位语从句不能用if，如：
The questin whether he’ll attend the meeting is nt decided.
4. 从句作介词的宾语不能用if，如：
I’m nt interested in whether they’ll g r nt. It depends n whether we have gt enugh mney.
5. 直接跟不定式连用，连词不能用if 如：
She hasn’t decided whether t g r nt.
6.Whether …r nt搭配,不能用if
用if 或whether 填空
1. I dn’t knw __________ I’ll be free tmrrw.2. I dn’t knw _______ r nt I’ll be free tmrrw.3. The questin is ______ this bk is wrth writing. 4. It depends n ______ we will have enugh mney.5. ______ they can d it matters little t yu are nt free tmrrw , I’ll g withut yu.
3. 疑问词引导的宾语从句I dn’t knw what I shuld d.I dn’t knw where he lives.I dn’t knw where he’ll visit.
3. 疑问词引导的宾从练习
1. I dn’t knw _________ brke the glass yesterday. 2. We shuld pay attentin t ______ the teacher is saying. 3. The teacher asked ______ I was getting n with my classmates. A.what B. that C. hw D. if 4. We thught ______ strange that she didn’t cme yesterday. A. that B. it C. this D. what
dubt 用于肯定句，其宾从用if/whetherI dubt whether he will cme tmrrw.Dubt 用于否定句，疑问句，用thatI dn’t dubt that he will cme tmrrw.D yu dubt that…?
5. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用：Suggest, insist, require, rder,request, demand, prpse, advice +that 主+shuld+V原形，shuld可省略。 He suggested that a meeting shuld be held at nce.He insisted that he nt be sent t wrk in Tibet.
★宾语从句的注意点：1.单个的宾语从句中连词that可以省略. We believe he is hnest.如果宾语从句是由and或是but连接的两个句子,那么要用2个连词分别引导两个句子,并且不能省略. He said that he liked rain very much andthat he wuld nt use an umbrella.
3.宾语从句的语序问题，用正常语序
1.The phtgraphs will shw yu _________. 　　　 　　　　　　　　 A. what des ur village lk like B. what ur village lks like C. hw des ur village lk like D. hw ur village lks like 2.Yu can hardly imagine ______when he heard the news. A. hw he was excited B. hw was he excited C. hw excited he was D. he was hw excited3.He asked_______fr a vilin.（MET92） A. did I pay hw much B. I paid hw much C. hw much did I pay D. hw much I paid
4.宾语从句的时态呼应
1）. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态. a .他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的. He believes ____________________________________ . b .请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么. Please tell me ____________________________________________.
his dream will cme true sme day
what yu were ding at this time yesterday
2）. He tld me. ‘I am preparing fr the exam.’ He tld me. ‘I have left my hmetwn fr many years. 3）.老师告诉我们地球是圆的。 The teacher tld us _________________.
He tld me he was preparing fr the exam.
He tld me he had left his hmetwn fr many years.
the earth is rund
主语从句与宾语从句练习
1.It nw appears ______ they are in need f help. A. that B. which C. what D. hw3.It ______ he is late fr class.A. may that B. might thatC. may be that D. might be what4.______ knws the truth will tell yu abut it. A. Wh that B. Whever C. Whm that D. That wh5.Yu must d well ______ the teacher asks yu t d. A. which B. what C. that D. where6. ____ his dream f ging t cllege will cme true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, lk, remain, seem等。另外，常用的还有the reasn is that… 和It is because 等结构。例如：1) The questin is _________ we can make gd preparatin in such a shrt time.2) This is ____ we can’t get the supprt f the peple.3) But the fact remains ___ we are behind the ther classes.4) The reasn ______ he is late fr schl is ____ he missed the early bus.
Ⅲ predictive clause
as if /as thugh
truble is that I have lst my key.The questin is whether we can d it. That’s because we were in need f mney at that time .He lked as if he was ging t cry .That’s why I was late .
虚拟语气在表语从句中的应用：如果句子的主语是suggestin,advice.rder,demand, require, prpsal, 等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用shuld+动词原形,shuld可省略 他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作.
1.The reasn _______ we didn't trust him is ______ he has ften lied．★如果主语为reasn,
表语从句连词只能用that
His suggestin is that we (shuld) finish the wrk at nce.
★此规则同样适用于同位语从句
1.This is ______ she was brn. A. where B. which C. that D. what2.The questin is ______ we can’t g there tday.A. that B. what C. which D. when3.The reasn he has made such great prgress is _______ he has never wasted his time.A. because B. why C. that D. what4.My advice is that he ______ schl by bike. A. g t B. wuld g t C. ges t D. went t5.___ she culdn’t understand was ___fewer and fewer students shwed interest in her ; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that
1. 同位语从句的功能 同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，修饰名词fact, idea, news, rder，suggestin,等的同位语从句由that 引导，不用which, that 不可省。
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
Ⅳ ppsitn clause
引导同位语从句的连接词:
1. That 引导的同位语从句：1)The news that I have passed the exam is true.2. Whether 引导的同位语从句：1)The prblem whether we shuld cntinue t d the experiment has been slved.3. 疑问词引导的同位语从句1）We haven’t settled the questin where we are ging t spend ur summer vacatin.
1.The suggestin that he _____ at the meeting was agreed t by mst put frward B. put frwardC.shuld lk frward D.lked frward
2.The suggestin that we _____ t picnic n Sunday was agreed t by mst peple.A went B.wuld g C.g D.were allwed t g
4.虚拟语气在同位语从句中的应用：名词demand, suggestin, prpsal, advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为 shuld + d, shuld 可省略
5. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述它的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行具体内容的补充说明。例如：
1) The news that he tld me is that Tm wuld g abrad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）2)The news that Tm wuld g abrad is tld by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）
同位语：修饰名词的内容定语从句：对前面的名词进行修饰，限定。The news that ur team had wn came.同位语从句The news that/which he heard was true.定语从句
that在同位语从句与定语从句的区别
（I）试比较下面两个例句: 1.The suggestin that he raised at the meeting is very suggestin that the students shuld have plenty f exercise is very gd.
（that引导定语从句, 作宾语, 可以省略）
（that引导同位语从句,在从句中不担当任何成分，但不可以省略）
辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句1.We heard the news that ur team had must face the fact that we had spent all ur mney.3. The news that he tld me yesterday was false.4. I have n dubt that he will cme sn.
1。that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分， 本身也没有词义，宾语从句中可省略2。不充当介宾3。 引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,that不可省略。