（2020-2022）三年全国中考英语真题和模拟题精选分项训练专题12 阅读理解议论文

这是一份（2020-2022）三年全国中考英语真题和模拟题精选分项训练专题12 阅读理解议论文，共60页。试卷主要包含了考查微技能，作者观点， 词义猜测， B．250等内容，欢迎下载使用。
专题12 阅读理解议论文
---三年（2020-2022 ）中考英语真题和模拟题精选分类训练（全国通用 ）

考查点：
1.考查考生阅读、理解、归纳概括、逻辑推理以及对材料的综合评估能力等。
2.考查微技能：细节理解、推理判断、词(组)义猜测、主旨大意、标题归纳、数字计算、写作意图等。

议论文体裁特点：
议论文是对某个问题或某件事情进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。文章或从正面提出某种见解，或是驳斥别人的错误观点，以说服读者同意自己的观点为主要目的。
解题技能：
议论文一般有论点、论据和论证三个要素。论点是议论文的核心，是作者对所论述事件的基本看法和立场；找准论点有助干把握文章的整体方向和理解文章主题的深层内涵。论据是作者所引用的用以证明和支持论点的材料，这些材料可以是名人名言、事实例证，或是统计数据等，理清论据材料的内容能够帮助读者更深层次地理解论点的含义。论证方法多种多样，常见的有:1.归纳法，从分析个别事例入手，找出事物的共同特点，从而得出结论；2.演绎法，从一般原理出发，对个别事物进行说明、分析后得出结论；3.比较对照法，对所有事实、方面进行对照，找出异同之处，然后加以分析，得出结论；4.驳论法，先列出错误的观点，然后加以逐条批驳，反证自己观点的正确性。
1.细节理解：细节理解题在中考阅读理解试题中所占比例最大，相对来说较简单，通过题干的关键词，在文中找到相关信息，仔细对比，就能得出答案。其正确选项特征为：同义替换、语言简化、正话反说等。
2.主旨大意：主旨大意题主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，以概括中心大意、段落大意、选择标题及判断作者写作意图等形式出现。其正确选项特征为：涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段；确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小；精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。
3.作者观点：站在作者的角度，通过逻辑关系，推敲作者的态度一般不出现绝对概念。
4. 词义猜测: 词义猜测是一种阅读技巧和能力，考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个生词、词组或者句子含义的能力，而这些词或词组往往超出考纲范围。一般利用上下文线索、语法知识、上下文逻辑、构词法和常识等猜测词义。
2022年
(一) （2022-湖北十堰·中考真题 ）
阅读短文，根据其内容，选择最佳选项。
There is no doubt that technology has had a big influence on our lives. People from all around the world can now talk to each other almost at once on mobile phones and the Internet. People can easily solve their problems with the help of computers and the world wide web. With this technology, it seems that the world is more connected now than ever before. Even so, there have been worries about technology making people feel lonely and disconnected from others around them.
So does this mean that technology makes us lonely?
In my opinion, it is hard to say Yes or No.
It’s true that humans need communication with each other. If we depend on technology too much to communicate, this can badly impact our mental (心理的) health. For me, technology is a tool. And just like any other kind of tool — like scissors, a pencil or a ruler, for example, it depends on how we use it: in a right way or in a right place. Take social media (社交媒体) as an example. If you only use it to compare yourself with others, you might feel sad and lonely. But if you use it as a tool to connect with friends and family or to start a new community to talk about your hobbies and interests, the loneliness will turn into love and friendship.
When you feel lonely after staring at your computer screen all day, maybe you can use that technology to reach out to a reliable (可靠的) friend and invite him or her out for lunch or a coffee.
1．According to the writer, technology is ________ .
A．a tool B．an influence
C．a pair of scissors D．a way of communication
2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “impact” in Paqugraph 4?
A．帮助 B．促进 C．影响 D．进入
3．According to the passage, if people use technology too much, people may ________ .
A．sleep less B．live longer C．feel lonely D．get more jobs
4．When we use technology to________ others, we can find love and friendship.
A．argue with B．compete with C．connect with D．compare with
5．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Social media is important to us. B．Technology can be good and bad to us.
C．People need to communicate with each other.
D．Computers and the Internet help us with our work.

(二)（2022-湖南永州·中考真题 ）
On August 30, 2021, the Chinese government announced that kids would not be allowed to play online games Mondays to Thursdays. On weekends and holidays, kids would be limited(限制) to an hour a day of online gaming. “Recently, many parents have reported that playing games crazily among some youths and children is seriously harming their normal study, life and health.” the Chinese government said online. This news got us thinking. Should the government be responsible for limiting how much time kids spend online? Here are some students’opinions.
Esme McNeely, 11
The government should not set screen-time limits. That decision should be up to parents. Some children need to use screens for homework. And during the COVID-19, one of the only ways to talk to friends was online. Government limits would not be fair to people who are careful with their screen time.
Lucas Barone, 11
The government should not limit screen time. A 2021 study from the University of Colorado Boulder says screen time might be less harmful to kids than people think. Some parents worry that children online too much won’t make friends. But the study reports that screen time can actually improve kids’friendships. In fact, screen time can be educational. I use websites to read and to learn math.
Xiuhan Zhu, 9
I think the government should take action and limit screen time for kids. Too much screen time can lead to tiredness and less social time. People who use smartphones are more likely to get into car accidents. Electrical products like computers can also be harmful for kids. If kids aren’t careful with the websites they use, criminals can get important information.
Ning Li, 10
Most people spend too much time on their phones and TVs. They hurt their eyes and waste their time. And watching a lot of TV or playing games can influence kids’ learning and social skills. If the government limited screen time, people would be encouraged to spend more time with their family. They might join a sports team in their neighborhood.
6．When are kids allowed to play online games for an hour a day?
A．On Mondays. B．On Wednesday. C．On weekends.
7．Who is against screen-time limits?
A．Esme McNeely. B．Xiuhan Zhu. C．Ning Li.
8．What does the study from he University of Colorado Boulder show?
A．Screen time might do no harm to kids.
B．Screen time can improve kids’ friendships.
C．Screen time won’t help kids make friends.
9．What are Ning Li’s opinions about screen-time limits?
A．Too much screen time can lead to tiredness.
B．Criminals can get important information easily.
C．People are encouraged to spend more time with their family.
10．What is the article mainly about?
A．Screen time can be educational.
B．Screen time can lead to less social time.
C．Whether the government should set screen-time limits.

(三)（2022-湖北鄂州·中考真题 ）
In my opinion, China’s “Double Reduction” Policy（“双减”政策 ）aimed at easing（减轻 ）education-related pressure on parents and children is effective. Now take my home as an example to show how it works.
“Dad! Get up! You promised to take us to the zoo today!” my two daughters shouted together one recent Saturday morning. The clock had just struck seven, but our house had already gotten noisier than the monkeys in the zoo!
For families with children, weekends have become very different. In the past, my wife and I could at least sleep in（睡懒觉 ）. Then at 9 o’clock, we had to wake up the kids. After throwing them into a tutoring class（辅导班 ）, we could enjoy several hours to ourselves. But now, these classes are gone altogether. Kids, of course, are happy about this. Every Tuesday or Wednesday evening, my girls would ask me, “Where are we going to spend this coming Saturday?”
Luckily, there are still some classes for them to attend. On Sundays, my girls go to learn ballet and chess. They really enjoy their time there. My elder daughter is old enough to read quietly on her own. On lucky days, we can get her to read together with her sister. Still, a quiet “competition” is on. My girls sometimes talk about how their classmates have spent an exciting weekend. It’s their way of complaining about my laziness.
Weekends are more tiring now for parents, but I think they are good for kids. After all, childhood should be more than just studying school subjects. It should be more colorful.
11．What is the aim of the “Double Reduction” Policy?
A．To ease education-related pressure on parents and children.
B．To make parents stay with their children at weekends.
C．To make parents have more time for themselves at weekends.
D．To make children and their parents have a good time at weekends.
12．What did the writer do with his children one recent Saturday morning?
A．They travelled to the countryside. B．They went camping.
C．They went to the zoo. D．They went to a tutoring class.
13．When the tutoring classes are gone altogether, children are________.
A．tired B．sad C．happy D．surprised
14．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．The writer’s elder daughter is old enough to read quietly by herself.
B．The “Double Reduction” Policy is effective.
C．The writer’s children learn ballet and chess on Sundays now.
D．Weekends are more relaxing for parents because of the “Double Reduction” Policy.
15．What might be the writer’s attitude（态度 ）toward the Policy?
A．Supportive. B．Disapproving. C．Doubtful. D．Unsure.

(四)（2022-四川广安·中考真题 ）
You may know about “junk food” like French fries. But do you know about “junk sleep”? Recently, a British survey（调查 ）shows that there are many electronic products in teenagers’ bedrooms. They are influencing teenagers’ sleep badly.
The survey was done among 1,000 British kids from 12 to 16. It found that 50% of them got just 4 to 7 hours’ sleep every day. But doctors say they need 8 to 9 hours.
Almost 25% of the kids said they often fell asleep while they were watching TV, listening to music or using other electronic products.
“This is very worrying,” said Dr. Chris, a British professor（教授 ）. “We call it ‘junk sleep’. It means you don’t get enough sleep and the quality（质量 ）of the sleep is low, too. If you don’t get a good rest, you won’t do well in school the next day.”
The survey found that quite a few of the kids felt tired each day because of the junk sleep, especially girls between 13 and 16 feeling the worst. Nearly all the teenagers have a phone, MP5 or TV in their bedrooms. And lots of them even have all the three.
Dr. Chris suggested that parents should help their children keep away from electronic products, and teenagers should spend less time on the electronic products.
16．What does this passage mainly talk about?
A．Junk food. B．Junk sleep.
C．Electronic products. D．The importance of sleep.
17．How many of the children sleep only 4 to 7 hours a day in the survey?
A．200. B．250. C．500. D．1000.
18．“Junk food” and “junk sleep” are similar to each other because ________.
A．they are both low in quality B．they are both needed in our life
C．they are both enjoyed at weekends D．they are both necessary for people’s health
19．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Teenagers of 12 to 16 only need 4 to 7 hours’ sleep each day.
B．Few of the teenagers have electronic products in their bedrooms.
C．Teenagers spend too much time on electronic products.
D．Girls between 13 and 16 spend the least time on electronic products.
20．Which of the following should be the best way to solve the problem?
A．Parents must take the electronic products away from their children.
B．Parents stop the teenagers from using any electronic product.
C．Teenagers should decide not to use the electronic products.
D．Teenagers should spend less time on the electronic products.

(五)（2022-山东菏泽·中考真题 ）

They say once you learn how to ride a bike, you never forget. Most of us learnt when we were kids, and many still shoot off for a ride around the streets. In recent times, cycling has seen a rise in popularity, so the question is: what makes it so popular to people to ride their bikes once again?
First, let’s look at the good for health. Cycling can improve your health and burn extra body fat. Exercising your legs helps to increase your strength. And cycling’s good isn’t just physical, but mental(精神的) as well. A long ride in the countryside could help you to clear your mind, or lower your worry. But it’s not only about your body and mind, there are also some good sides for your wallet’s(钱包) health.
Cycling can be a great way to go to work or go around town. By cycling, you save money instead of driving a car or taking a bus. If you drive to work, sometimes finding somewhere to park can be a very difficult thing. However, finding somewhere to lock your bike can be much simpler. Then, on the bus, there are changes at stations and other passengers speaking loudly on their phones to deal with. Cyclists face neither of these problems. And if you’re worried about safety, there are special cycle ways in many big cities. Wearing high-visibility(高能见度) clothing is another way to improve your safety when cycling on the roads.
Finally, cycling can also be good for the environment. It can help you to reduce your carbon footprint(碳足迹). Not giving gases out into the air is better for the planet and your own environment.
So, whether people want to cycle for their health, going around town, their wallet, the environment, or a combination(结合) of all of them, the popularity of cycling is on the rise.
21．What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To explain a reason.
B．To raise a question.
C．To give an example.
22．What is the meaning of “wallet's health” in Paragraph 2?
A．Cycling saves money.
B．Cycling wastes money.
C．Cycling keeps your wallet safe.
23．Why is cycling good for the environment?
A．It burns extra body fat.
B．It is easy to lock a bicycle.
C．It helps reduce carbon footprint.
24．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Cycling for physical health.
B．Cycling for safety on the road.
C．The growing popularity of cycling.

(六)（2022-北京·中考真题 ）
A Pathway (路径) to Meaning in Life
When it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life?
Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): having long-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s life fits together and “makes sense”.
But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA). EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life’s beauty.
We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgment of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness.
In the first study, we had people rate (评估) their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life’s beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful.
In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty of life” and “I appreciate little things in life,” as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable.
In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments.
All the results proved our theory (假设) true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us.
25．You were most probably in the EA condition when _________.
A．you made a travel plan for the coming holiday
B．you hurried to serve the customers in the store
C．you practiced hard to become the best violinist
D．you stopped to admire the roses by the roadside
26．What can we learn from the studies mentioned in the passage?
A．Thinking back to the past weakens our sense of meaning.
B．Enjoying small things can influence our attitude toward life.
C．Proper stress management is the key to living a satisfying life.
D．Good judgment on beauty improves connections among people.
27．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A．It is easier for results-driven people to achieve success.
B．We often turn a blind eye to the present moment.
C．A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals.
D．Future life will bring us many more surprises.
28．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A．To explain how to discover beauty in life.
B．To discuss what the true meaning of life is.
C．To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life.
D．To compare different factors for meaningfulness.

(七)（2022-重庆·中考真题 ）
We all have those moments when bright ideas hit us, but not everyone can develop such moments into the fruits of creative thinking. While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton, one of the greatest scientists, we seldom notice that creative thinking is in fact a process (过程).
Let’s look at what happened in 1666.
Sitting in the garden, Newton watched an apple fall from a tree. He began to wonder if the same force that pulled the apple down also kept the moon circling the earth. Newton believed it did. He called it “gravity (重力)”.
This story has become one of the most popular examples of “eureka” moments. But when we cheer for the great discovery, the whole process of creative thinking shouldn’t be forgotten.
Newton studied mathematics for long to have a better understanding of the world. He always enjoyed finding new ways to solve problems. The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work before. It also started the train of thought that continued for the next twenty years.
Newton began to examine “gravity” carefully. He experimented (实验). Then he studied the results and used what he had learned to do new experiments. In 1687, the greatest scientific work ever written came out.
The whole process of creative thinking works the same in our life.
In school, we prepare ourselves for the right moment. Once the moment comes, we catch it and then keep on working in the years to come. It takes much to get the fruits of creative thinking, but the sweetest fruits will be ready for those who wait the longest.
29．You may read the passage in a ________.
A．notice B．picture C．magazine D．dictionary
30．The underlined word “eureka” in Paragraph (段落) 4 probably means “________”.
A．I’ve got it B．I give up C．I’ve no idea D．I believe it
31．The writer mainly develops his idea by ________.
A．raising questions B．giving examples
C．listing numbers D．explaining differences
32．The creative thinking process for Newton follows the order of ________.
a. He caught the right moment. b. He did experiments over and over.
c. He saw an apple fall from a tree. d. He studied mathematics for long.
A．a-c-d-b B．b-a-c-d C．a-b-c-d D．d-c-a-b

2021年
(一) 【2021年】（江苏泰州市·中考真题 ）

Just the other day, I was in a bookshop and found a book named How to make friends with foreigners. As a Canadian living in China for a year, I was curious to see what kind of advice a Chinese writer giving on this matter.
One piece of advice really caught my attention and, I must say, made me feel quite angry. In the writer’s opinion, foreigners are an "opportunity (机会)" to improve your oral English; whenever you see a foreigner, American or English, you should practise speaking English with him or her. If the foreigner doesn’t want to answer your questions, then he or she is a rude person who you wouldn’t want to spend time with anyway. I think this advice is not only incorrect, but also may harm the relationship between Chinese and foreigners in China.
Like most other "Lao Wai" living in China, I know how lonely one can sometimes feel living in a culture different from our own familiar (熟悉的) ways. However, I simply accept as part of being here. So far my time in China has been rewarding. I have improved my Chinese language skills, learned about one of the fastest developing countries in the world today and made some very close Chinese friends.
However, I have also met many Chinese people who consider me only as an "opportunity" to improve their oral English. I have had people following me from town to my flat to trouble me to teach them English. I have had complete strangers throwing articles or speeches in my face, insisting that I help them with the English translation. I have had people asking me non-stop questions for half an hour at the weekly English Corner ...
Friendship for a lot of foreigners is about spending time with someone whose company (陪伴) they really enjoy. So if there is any advice to give on making and keeping friendships with foreigners, I would say that it is this: Treat foreigners as people, not opportunities. Expect to make friendships step by step, over a period of time, not in a rush. ________ If your only reason for becoming fiends with a foreigner is to improve your English, then you will probably find that you don’t have a foreign friend for long.
1．Where is the writer of this passage from?
A．America B．China C．Canada D．England
2．Why is the writer of the passage interested in the book "How to make friends with foreigners" ?
A．Because he wants to have some more close Chinese Friends.
B．Because he has greatly improved his Chinese language skills,
C．Because no Chinese people would like to make friends with him.
D．Because he wants to know about the Chinese writer’s advice on this topic.
3．According to the writer of the book "How to make friends with foreigners" , ________.
A．his advice may make foreigners angry
B．it is rude of you to ask a foreigner questions
C．you should choose a good foreigner to practise English with
D．don’t waste time on a foreigner who doesn’t answer your questions
4．In the fourth paragraph, the writer uses "I have had…" three times, because ________.
A．he had no better sentences to express his ideas.
B．he wanted to show how he hated to make friends with Chinese.
C．he wanted to show how he hated to be treated as an “opportunity”.
D．he met Chinese who wanted to make friends with him only three times.
5．Which sentence may be the best to fill in the "________" in the last paragraph?
A．True friendships stand (经得起) the test of time.
B．Learn about different cultures to make real friends.
C．Friends are about opportunities or personal advantages.
D．There’s real friendship between people from different countries.

(二) （2021·湖北荆门市·中考真题 ）
TikTok, known as Douyin in China, is a mobile app allowing users to create, share and watch short videos.
Developed by: ByteDance
Users: 13+
Joe Thomas
It seems very enjoyable. However, it’s difficult to stop once you start watching its videos. It’s not a good idea to spend too much time on it.
Alice Brown
I like the app because it allows me to share my daily life and make new friends. What’s more, I have won more popularity for the videos I created. Now I have more than 10 million fans.
Adam Young
There is no need for us to use this app. My friend Tom Smith spends most of his spare time on TikTok. I think he should spend time on more meaningful things, such as exercising or reading.

6．TikTok is suitable for users aged ________.
A．7 B．20 C．12 D．10
7．Joe Thomas thinks that you may ________ while watching TikTok.
A．spend too much time B．get bored easily
C．waste too much money D．learn some harmful information
8．TikTok has made ________ popular for his (her) videos.
A．Joe Thomas B．Tom Smith C．Adam Young D．Alice Brown

(三)（2021·山东滨州市·中考真题 ）
“Life’s a long, long journey,” so we are told, and most of us would not set off on a journey, even a short one, without some ideas of where we wanted to go. Yet many people travel on life’s journey with no sense of direction at all.
Setting personal goals can give your life a sense of direction. Goal setting is used by top sports players, successful business people and achievers in all fields. Before you set personal goals, think about what you want to achieve with your life.
Try to set goals in some of the following categories (类别):
Education—Will you achieve the educational goals after finishing high school? Are you still growing and learning?
Family—What kind of relationship do you want with your parents and other family members?
Creative—Do you want to achieve any artistic goals?
Career—What job do you want to take when you grow up? What do you need to make your dream come true?
Public Service—Do you want to make the world a better place?
Physical—Are you fit enough to do the things you want to do?
Pleasure—How do you want to enjoy yourself?
To help make the process more manageable, divide your goals into smaller tasks. For example, if you want to reach a main goal in five years, set a three-year goal, a one-year goal, a three-month goal and a one-month goal. Then create a daily To-Do List of things that you should do today. When a goal is achieved, take the time to enjoy your success. This helps you build the self-confidence.
Remember, your goals can be changed as time goes on. But be sure your goals are the things you hope to achieve, not what your parents, family or teachers want.
9．According to the passage, why should we set goals?
A．To have a better future. B．To enjoy pleasure in life.
C．To know where to have a journey. D．To give our life a sense of direction.
10．What should you consider when you set a family goal?
A．The education you want to get. B．The job to support your family.
C．The time you’ll spend reaching your goal. D．The relationship with family members.
11．What’s the best advice to achieve the main goal?
A．Dividing your goals into smaller tasks. B．Creating a daily To-Do List of things.
C．Building the self-confidence. D．Setting the time to achieve the main goal.
12．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Once you set your goals, they can’t be changed.
B．Not all the people can get success by setting goals.
C．Enjoying success in one goal can help you do better in the next one.
D．Your goals are the things you and your parents, families or teachers want.
13．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．A long journey. B．Goal setting for life. C．The direction of life. D．Ways to achieve goals.


(四) （2021·北京中考真题 ）

Nature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas. What belongs to nature cannot be the result of human activities and on the other hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. However, this is not the only opinion on the relationship between nature and culture. Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物种).
Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle(斗争) against human nature. We are born with wild natures, such as eating and behaving in a disorganized way or acting selfishly. Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures; it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt(适应) , progress and raise itself above and beyond other species.
Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation. Consider, for example, hunting(打猎) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons(武器) is related to that adaptation-from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied.
The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same time or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born from Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speak that language.
14．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．Culture belongs to human nature.
B．Nature teaches humans how to adapt.
C．Humans are supposed to be well organized.
D．Education pushes the human species to progress.
15．Why does the writer talk about hunting in Paragraph 3?
A．To suggest some possible ways of changing living habits.
B．To stress the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life.
C．To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment.
D．To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons.
16．The word “transmission” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A．system B．spread C．start D．spirit
17．What is the writer’s opinion on the nature-culture relationship?
A．Culture and nature are separate yet balanced.
B．Culture depends much on nature to progress.
C．Nature and culture are different but connected.
D．Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture.

(五)（2021·福建中考真题 ）

In recent years, there have been many films about robots trying to take over the world. Studies show that up to 20 million factory jobs worldwide could be taken by robots in the next 10 years. Some people are worried about what might happen in the future.
On 8th September, 2020, The Guardian published (发表) an article written by a robot called GPT - 3. It wrote that “robot” comes from the Greek word for “slave” (奴隶) and humans have nothing to fear from robots, which are only here to help humans. However, the fact that a robot could write such an article has made some people feel even more uneasy. Where is the robot technology heading? Can robots and humans work together?
YES - they’re here to help humans
Robots are created by humans for humans. Robots take on jobs that are too dangerous for people to do by themselves. Although robots might take some people’s jobs, they will create new types of work, and they will possibly create more jobs than they take away. Besides, robots’ programming could actually make them more trustworthy than humans , because they are not influenced by feelings.
NO — humans should not trust robots
Robots are already taking over the world. Jobs that used to be done by human beings are now being taken by robots. Although robots are under our control now, that might not always be the case. An experiment in Switzerland found that some robots had learnt how to lie to each other. With the development of AI (人工智能), robots could start to act in their own interests. Wherever possible, humans should do things themselves.
What’s your opinion on this matter?
18．What language does the word “robot” come from?
A．Greek B．English C．German D．French
19．When learning that GPT - 3 could write an article, some people feel ________ .
A．angry B．excited C．nervous D．relaxed
20．What advantage of robots is mentioned in the text?
A．Acting in their own interests B．Developing filming technology
C．Working with different feelings D．Doing unsafe work for humans
21．What can we learn from the text?
A．GPT - 3 will take over the world
B．Some robots have learnt how to be lazy
C．Robots are still under the control of humans now
D．20 million people fear that they will lose their jobs
22．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Will Robots Become Creative? B．Should Humans Trust Robots?
C．Will Robots Do Harm to Humans? D．Should Humans Do Things Themselves?


(六)（2021·湖南长沙市·中考真题 ）
From an early age, we were taught that if we wanted to be successful, we had to study hard and get good results at school. In fact, good students may just end up doing jobs they don’t like, and some even lead an unhappy life. Why is it like that?
In some parents’ eyes, school grades matter most for their kids. In reality, there are many things to consider besides the school subjects, for example, how to be a happy person, what to do to keep healthy, and how to get along well with others. That is to say, school is not just enough if you want to have a great life.
Doing well in school is different from doing well in life. Studies show that people who failed at school may not end up failing in life. You may have already known that some famous people, like Thomas Edison and Steve Jobs, didn’t do very well at school or even failed to finish school. In fact, there are a lot more than just the big shots who are successful in life without finishing school. They seize (抓住) every chance to learn and finally make it to the top.
Life is really a long lesson, so long that you can’t define (界定) a person’s success by just one section (部分) of it. If you have already finished school, keep learning because what you have learned at school will never be enough to live a satisfying life. If you are still studying, whether you are good or bad at school, don’t take your school results too seriously as long as you have put your heart into it. Keep learning to make the most of your talents (天赋). That’s how you can live a happy and successful life.
23．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing Paragraph (段落) One?
A．To introduce a topic. B．To give examples. C．To provide a solution.
24．In some parents’ eyes, what’s the most important for their kids based on Paragraph Two?
A．Being happy. B．Staying healthy. C．Getting good grades.
25．What does the underlined expression “big shots” in the third paragraph mean?
A．好学生 B．神枪手 C．大人物
26．According to the passage, which sentence may agree with the writer’s idea?
A．It takes money to be successful. B．School grades aren’t everything. C．Successful people never finish school.
27．What can we infer (推断) from the text?
A．Old habits die hard. B．Learning is a lifelong journey. C．Good grades always promise a successful life.



2020年
(一) 【2020 •黔南州】
Do you pay with paper money, credit (信用的) card, or your phone when you go sopping? People in China may pay with WeChat (微信) on the phones. We seldom use paper money.
While WeChat Pay is now a part of life in our country, this way of paying also appears in other countries. A lot of foreign companies and traders have to accept it. According to Xinhua News, about 13 foreign countries have WeChat Pay services for Chinese travelers.
Is it good or bad to use WeChat Pay? Will people no longer use paper money in the future? Some discussions appear on the Internet.
"I don't think so. Nearly half of Chinese people live in the countryside. People there can't enjoy it without good Internet service. And most old people like to use paper money." said Winnie.
"WeChat Pay is convenient and safe. We needn't tell if the money is real or fake. But paper money is just the opposite. We should encourage people to use WeChat Pay more." said a wise man.
"For a long time, people will use different payment ways," said Sunshine. "Traders should allow people to choose the ways they like to pay."
Will paper money disappear in the future? What's your ideas about it?
1. When we pay with WeChat, we need to use our __________.
A. phones B. paper money C. credit cards D. wallet
2. A wise man thought __________.
A. it was not safe if people don't use paper money B. WeChat Pay was convenient and safe
C. people would go on using paper money in the future D. old people like to use paper money more
3. The underlined word "fake" in Paragraph 5 may mean __________.
A. 脏的 B. 麻烦的 C. 假的 D. 残缺的
4. From the passage, we can know __________.
A. only Chinese people use WeChat Pay
B. Chinese travelers can use WeChat Pay in about 13 foreign countries
C. people use WeChat Pay more than paper money in the world
D. paper money will surely disappear in the future
5. What's the best title for this passage?
A. Why People Use WeChat Pay? B. WeChat Payment in China.
C. Will Paper Money Disappear? D. Payment Ways in the Future.


(二) 【2020 •河北省】
Everyone needs help sometimes. People depend on one another. That's why communities have special people ready to lend a helping hand to anyone who needs it.
For example, what would we do without a community fire station？ If a home catches on fire,as the Jackson place did last week, it might be burned down and people get hurt…or worse. We're so lucky to have firemen to come to save people and put out the fire, safely. If the fire station hadn't come so fast, the Jacksons might have lost everything.
And what about our local police who protect our families, our homes and valuable things?The police have helped so many families this past year, especially saving people and pets and protecting our houses and other things after the heavy rains.
Think about all the other service workers we have in this community, We have people who collect waste and rubbish and keep our community sanitary, We have road workers who put up and repair traffic signs and fix holes in the streets to protect not just us, but our cars! And where would this community be without the teachers in our school and the doctors, and nurses in our community hospitals?
Think again about what we eat every day; think again about what we wear every day. We cannot produce them, but we use them all the time. We get a lot from all these tireless workers who keep our community running. We need these people in the community. We depend on each other. Let's support each other and help each other. Only in this way can we make our community a better place.
6. What happened to the Jacksons last week？
A. Their pets were lost. B. Their car was badly burnt.
C. Their house caught on fire. D. Their valuable things were stolen.
7. Who offered help to families after the heavy rains?
A. Firemen B. Doctors C. Road workers D. Local police
8. What does the underlined word "sanitary" mean?
A. Clean B. Safe C. Quiet D. Busy
9. Which question could best help us find out the writer's purpose？
A. Did the writer make us laugh?
B. Did the writer want us to do something？
C. Did the writer tell us about how to become a teacher?
D. Did the writer teach us what to do when a fire breaks out?
10. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Policemen Save People's Lives B. People Depend on Each Other.
C. Service Workers Do Important Jobs D. Workers Keep Community Running


(三) 【2020 •东营市】
A tornado（龙卷风 ）is a kind of strong storm with air which moves in a circle quickly. They can move over 200 miles per hour and cause a lot of damage（损坏 ）. As they move across the land, they can easily pick up cars, trucks, and even houses, and then throw them very far. It is important to find a safe place if a tornado gets close.
A safe place could be a basement（地下室 ）or the lowest floor. If you are in a home without a basement, try to find a first-floor bathroom or a small room without windows in the middle of your house. You should curl up（蜷缩 ）into a ball and cover your head and neck with your hands.
But there are some people who actually want to get close to tornadoes. They are scientists who want to learn more about tornadoes. One of the best ways to do this is to get as close as possible to the tornado. They use special tools to measure （测量 ） what is happening in and around a tornado.
One special tool is called a tornado probe（探测仪 ）. Inside the tornado probe, there are sensors（传感器 ）to measure wind speed, temperature, pressure, and direction. Some probes even have cameras, so the scientists can see and understand what it’s like to be in a tornado.
To be able to get these measurements, the scientists have to get a tornado probe near or into a tornado. Scientists will try to guess where a tornado will go next. Then they drive to that location and put down the probe. If they do not guess correctly, they pick up their probe and try another place. If they are right, the tornado will go near or even right over the probe. Then they take all of the measurements from the probe and use them to predict where future tornadoes may form（形成 ）and travel. And they can give people some warning to keep away from a dangerous tornado.
11. If a tornado gets close, what should people do to keep safe?
A. Go to a basement. B. Find a small room.
C. Stay in a bathroom. D. Curl the legs up.
12. What can the sensor in a probe NOT do?
A. Measure wind speed and temperature. B. Take photos and videos.
C. Measure wind temperature and pressure. D. Measure wind speed and direction.
13. Which statement about the scientists is TRUE?
A. They risk their lives studying tornadoes.
B. They can easily put the probe in the right place.
C. They get close to a tornado to admire it.
D. With the help of the measurements, they can prevent the tornado forming.
14. The passage mainly tells us ________.
A. what a tornado is
B. how dangerous a tornado is
C. where a tornado may form and travel
D. how scientists do research work on tornadoes
15. You may find this passage in ________.
A. a novel B. a storybook C. a guidebook D. a science magazine


(四) 【2020 •广西北部湾经济区】
China gets greener
President Xi Jinping said "clear waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets(绿水青山就是金山银山)". With the efforts of China's government and its people, the rate of forest coverage(森林覆盖率)in China has reached 22. 96%, compared to 5. 05% forty years ago, according to a recent report from the State Forestry and Grassland Administration (SFGA).
Over the past forty years, China planted billions of trees as part of its fight against expanding(延伸的)deserts, mostly in its north. Each year, people sow seedlings(播种)over an area nearly the size of Ireland, according to Nature.
In 1978, China began a nationwide tree-planting programme known as the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Programme, also known as "the Great Green Wall". It has helped to plant more than 66 billion trees across 13 provinces in the country's north to act as windbreaks(防风林), according to China Daily.
Since 2018, SFGA has made more efforts to build a greener country. Its purpose is to grow at least 6. 7 million hectares(公顷)of forest every year in the next 15 years. Besides planting more trees, China has tried to bring back grasslands. It has also used strict forest protection methods and banned(禁止)all commercial logging(商业伐木)since last August.
The high-speed growth of forests cannot happen without public participation(参与). For example, Ant Forest, an Alipay mobile payment app, plants real tees for users who get "green energy" by taking part in low-carbon(低碳)activities. Since 2016, it has helped to plant about 122 million trees in China's driest areas.
China was praised as "one of the most successful countries worldwide in greening the desert" by United Nations Environment Programme Executive Director Erik Solheim.
16. What was the rate of forest coverage forty years ago?
A. 5. 05%. B. 17. 91%. C. 22. 96%. D. 28. 01%.
17. Over the past forty years, China has planted billions of trees to ________.
A. turn deserts into green land B. create a green area in the desert
C. stop deserts from expand D. build an area nearly the size of Ireland
18. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Windbreaks have covered across all provinces of China.
B. In 1978, China succeeded in building "the Great Green Wall.
C. China has grown 6. 7 million hectares of forest since 2018.
D. Since 1978, over 66 billion trees have been planted to act as windbreaks.
19. What did China do to build a greener country?
A. Tried to bring back grasslands. B. Made strict forest protection methods.
C. Banned commercial logging. D. All of the above.
20. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Ant Forest plants real trees for all Chinese people.
B. Everybody can help build a greener country.
C. China's forest coverage is the highest in the world.
D. China was praised for no deserts in northern China.


(五) 【2020 •遵义市】
China has accepted western fashion and technology as it has developed these years, but a lot of young people are turning to the past for their clothes choices and putting on traditional "hanfu".
As the government encourages the renaissance (复兴) of traditional culture, hanfu is getting more and more popular with the teenagers. Every year, we can enjoy different hanfu shows around the cities. These shows bring us back to Han dynasty. We learn more about the history, culture and beauty from them.
Hanfu hasn't been in the same style since Han dynasty. However, this kind of clothes has something in common. They all have large soft robes (袍子), with sleeves that hang down to the knees, so the hands can't be seen.
In modern China, the hanfu lovers are from history fans, cartoon fans to clothes fans.
"Clothes are the basic part of culture, so both the traditional clothes and modern clothes play the same role in culture," said Zhang Jun, a famous reporter. "If the people and the country do not even understand our traditional clothes or don't wear them, how can we talk about other important parts of our culture?"
21. What clothes does the passage talk about?
A. B.
C. D.
22. Han fu is getting more and more popular because ________.
A. China has accepted western fashion B. China has accepted western technology
C. China has developed in recent years D. the government encourages traditional culture
23. Who are hanfu lovers in China nowadays?
A. History fans. B. Cartoon fans. C. Clothes fans. D. All of the above.
24. What does the underlined word "sleeves" mean?
A. 衣领 B. 衣袖 C. 纽扣 D. 拉链
25. According to Zhang Jun, he thinks ________.
A. clothes are not the part of culture B. it's not necessary for us to wear hanfu
C. clothes help us understand our culture better D. hanfu isn't so important as modern clothes



(模拟题)
（2022-安徽·马鞍山二中实验学校模拟预测 ）
Even in early times, people could realize the importance of dreams and knew that dreams gave meaning to life. Every great achievement has been the result of years of dreaming. If a person has a dream and holds fast to it, he or she will find a way to make it come true.
Children do not have much experience or knowledge. However, they are natural dreamers. We should not laugh at them for being their naive. With their rich imagination, they will come up with fantastic dreams. History is full of examples. Many great men were dreamers when they were children. One such dreamer was Thomas Edison. He used to be ostracized（排斥 ）when he was in primary school
Teenagers and young people should also be encouraged to dream. The world is full of successful teenagers and young people. They dreamt big and their dreams changed their lives and even the world. Steve Jobs and Bill Gates are good examples. They have developed technology and brought great progress to humans besides making money for themselves.
Older people should believe that it is never too late to dream and that human mind is never too old to make dreams turn into reality. Colonel Sanders realized his dreams at the age of 67 and set up the biggest fried chicken company (KFC) in the world.
To dream is a wonderful ability which can lead to wonderful results. Olympic records were broken by players who were brave enough to dream. No one is too young or too old to dream and to make dreams come true.
1．People who ________ could probably realize their dreams.
A．find a way to dream B．get the meaning of life C．dream and hold fast to them
D．have very good school results
2．The underlined word "naive" in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A．逆反的 B．幼稚的 C．调皮的 D．冲动的
3．What does the example of Colonel Sanders show us?
A．Setting up a big company is a wonderful ability.
B．Developing technology can bring great progress.
C．Even older people can make their dreams come true.
D．People should be brave enough to dream when they are young.

（2022-山东·东营市垦利区教学研究室一模 ）
“Life’s a long, long journey,” so we are told, and most of us would not set off on a journey, even a short one, without some ideas of where we wanted to go. Yet many people travel on life’s journey with no sense of direction at all.
Setting personal goals can give your life a sense of direction. Goal setting is used by top sports players, successful business people and achievers in all fields. Before you set personal goals, think about what you want to achieve with your life.
Try to set goals in some of the following categories (类别):
Education—Will you achieve the educational goals after finishing high school? Are you still growing and learning?
Family—What kind of relationship do you want with your parents and other family members?
Creative—Do you want to achieve any artistic goals?
Career (职业)—What job do you want to take when you grow up? What do you need to make your dream come true?
Public Service—Do you want to make the world a better place?
Physical—Are you fit enough to do the things you want to do?
Pleasure—How do you want to enjoy yourself?
To help make the process more manageable, divide your goals into smaller tasks. For example, if you want to reach a main goal in five years, set a three-year goal, a one-year goal, a three-month goal and a one-month goal. Then create a daily To-Do List of things that you should do today. When a goal is achieved, take the time to enjoy your success. This helps you build the self-confidence.
Remember, your goals can be changed as time goes on. But be sure your goals are the things you hope to achieve, not what your parents, family or teachers want.
4．According to the passage, why should we set goals?
A．To have a better future. B．To enjoy pleasure in life.
C．To know where to have a journey. D．To give our life a sense of direction.
5．What should you consider when you set a family goal?
A．The education you want to get. B．The relationship with family members.
C．The job to support your family. D．The time you’ll spend reaching your goal.
6．What’s the best advice to achieve the main goal?
A．Building the self-confidence. B．Creating a daily To-Do List of things.
C．Dividing your goals into smaller tasks. D．Setting the time to achieve the main goal.
7．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Once you set your goals, they can’t be changed.
B．Not all the people can get success by setting goals.
C．Enjoying success in one goal can help you do better in the next one.
D．Your goals are the things you and your parents, families or teachers want.
8．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．A long journey. B．Goal setting for life.
C．The direction of life. D．Ways to achieve goals.

（2022-北京·101中学模拟预测 ）
A character in one of Shakespeare’s plays once said, “Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them.” Any of these could apply to the modern-day sportsmen. Many still argue about the nature of talent. Some claim that people are born to be sportsmen, while others say it is only through devotion and hard work that they achieve their abilities. Arguably though, it is not until their talents are recognized by the public that they truly have greatness fallen upon them.
With this acknowledgement of their “greatness” come all the trappings of modern-day celebrity: money, power, influence and responsibility. For better or for worse, like it or hate it, modern sportsmen are the role models of children everywhere. These children will grow up admiring their heroes, devoting their lives to copying their every move, and wanting above all to be like them. Due to this fascination, particularly with the great influence of the media, it is more important than ever for these sportsmen to shoulder their responsibility.
In the past few months alone, there have been many examples of questionable behaviors from sports icons. Sport stars of the present day are often mirroring the very worst aspects of society, a fact that the self-righteous (自以为是的) anger of the modern press has been quick to point out. It would be wrong for us to expect sportsmen to be saints. It would also be wrong for us to think that their behavior is clearly different from the sportsmen they grew up watching, but with the all-seeing eye of modern media, it is a different world, and different standards must be expected.
Of course, there is no duty for sportsmen to be good role models. There are no prison sentences, no fines, no community service—unless their behaviors are illegal. Unless they break the law, it is entirely up to them as to whether or not they think their behavior isproper. Furthermore, measuring the true influence their decisions have on their followers is absolutely impossible. Some will rise against their idols, seeing them in a new light and not accepting their actions. Others may copy their heroes’ actions, using them as a shield when accused of (控告) the same crimes.
It is undeniable that the actions of sportsmen will influence the lives of those who worship them. Modern-day sportsmen are almost ideals of today’s world, and their actions are watched carefully by millions all over the world. Some may complain against it, denying their influence on these children’s lives. Others may be aware of it but not respect it, while many may both be aware of it and respect it. In a word, you do not choose whether you are a role model. All you can do is to decide how to act when greatness is thrust upon you.
9．In Paragraph 1, the author tries to stress ________.
A．the core characteristic to become great sportsmen nowadays
B．sportsmen become great when their gifts are recognized by people
C．different ways for sportsmen to achieve success and greatness
D．sportsmen achieve greatness through their devotion and efforts
10．According to Paragraph 4, we can learn that ________.
A．role models usually have positive influence on their fans
B．sportsmen have the right to behave freely within the law
C．all the fans will follow their heroes’ actions
D．no duty is given to sportsmen
11．The underlined phrase “thrust upon” most probably means ________.
A．forced on B．removed from C．related to D．pulled off
12．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To advise the media to choose proper events to report.
B．To inform the public that sportsmen are no role models.
C．To argue that sportsmen should not be expected as heroes.
D．To remind the sportsmen of their social responsibilities.

（2022-河北·石家庄市第四十中学一模 ）
There is an old Spanish saying, “Tomorrow is often the busiest day of the week.” How many times have we put off our dreams until tomorrow? I’d say, “Too many.” Our dreams should not, and cannot wait. We have to go for them now! Here are the reasons.
Tomorrow is not promised.
Nobody likes to talk about death, but the reality is that everybody is going to die at one point. None of us know the day, or the hour. So today is all we have. Let’s make the decision to go for every dream, big or small right now. Unless you take the first step, your dreams will never come true.
You can dream about writing a great play, but it’s never going to happen unless you actually put the pen to paper. In other words, dreams don’t work unless you do. They require you to get your head out of the clouds, and actually do the work to make them come true. Get to it!
You can’t let fear win.
One of the biggest dream killers is fear. So many people could have achieved their dreams if they hadn’t been afraid. Just think about all the things you’ve wanted to do; don’t allow fear to convince (说服) you that you aren’t good enough. In the movie After Earth, Will Smith said, “Fear is not real. It is the product of thoughts you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very real. But fear is a choice.” Choose not to let fear stop you from-achieving your dreams. You’ll be much happier if you go for them.
Imagine how much happier you’ll be if you’re living the life you always dreamed about. The only thing that can stop you is yourself. Take control of your own happiness. Don’t keep your dreams waiting. Go for them today!
13．According to Paragraph 1, why do people say tomorrow is often the busiest day of the week?
A．Because tomorrow never ends.
B．Because people often put off what they should do today until tomorrow.
C．Because people often do what they should do right now.
D．Because our dreams can wait till tomorrow.
14．If July wants to be a great writer in the future, what should she do?
A．Keep thinking and never start writing. B．Be afraid of making mistakes.
C．Put the pen to paper and keep practicing. D．Keep the dream waiting.
15．What is the best title for this passage?
A．Your Dream Needs Your First Step B．Don’t Let Fear Stop You
C．Fear Is Not Real D．Don’t Keep Your Dream Waiting
（2022-河北石家庄·一模 ）
Suppose that you have some free time to kill. There is an enjoyable short video to watch and an interesting 1,000-word article to read. You can only choose one of the two. Which one will you pick?
Perhaps the video will be your choice. Over the past few years, watching videos online has become a part of many people’s daily lives. The number of people who read long articles patiently has been cut down. Some people fear that videos will one day take the place of text. But in my opinion, this isn’t going to happen.
Videos can in fact help us learn new information more quickly. However, can they help us fully learn about the ancient world? Many historical stories were recorded using only texts. Only through the reading of these texts can we truly and fully learn about what happened during the ancient world and the knowledge people had got.
Short videos are a type of “instant culture”. They come into and leave our minds like flying cars. Often, we can’t help looking for the second video at once after we’ve finished watching one. But can we always remember and understand the contents (内容) of these videos? When we read a long article patiently, we often pay close attention to the contents. What’s more, texts allow us to use our imagination, while videos don’t.
In a word, videos might change the way people learn about the world and the way they make themselves happy, but texts will never be replaced. Texts are like immortal (不朽的) stars which shine from the past to the future.
16．Why does the writer think people will choose to watch a short video?
A．The 1,000-word article is not interesting at all.
B．Watching videos takes up too much time.
C．Fewer people can patiently read long articles.
D．Videos have taken the place of texts.
17．How can people fully learn about the ancient world according to the writer?
A．By reading texts. B．By using imagination.
C．By watching videos. D．By talking with old people.
18．What does the underlined word “instant” mean?
A．Slow. B．Quick. C．Small. D．Big.
19．What is the writer trying to do in the passage?
A．To give advice. B．To ask for help.
C．To express feelings. D．To show ideas.
20．Which of the following can be the best title?
A．Texts Will Never Be Replaced B．Texts—a Way to Learn about Past
C．Videos Are Enjoyable and Popular D．Videos—the Best to Kill Free Time


2022年
(一) （2022-湖北十堰·中考真题 ）
阅读短文，根据其内容，选择最佳选项。
There is no doubt that technology has had a big influence on our lives. People from all around the world can now talk to each other almost at once on mobile phones and the Internet. People can easily solve their problems with the help of computers and the world wide web. With this technology, it seems that the world is more connected now than ever before. Even so, there have been worries about technology making people feel lonely and disconnected from others around them.
So does this mean that technology makes us lonely?
In my opinion, it is hard to say Yes or No.
It’s true that humans need communication with each other. If we depend on technology too much to communicate, this can badly impact our mental (心理的) health. For me, technology is a tool. And just like any other kind of tool — like scissors, a pencil or a ruler, for example, it depends on how we use it: in a right way or in a right place. Take social media (社交媒体) as an example. If you only use it to compare yourself with others, you might feel sad and lonely. But if you use it as a tool to connect with friends and family or to start a new community to talk about your hobbies and interests, the loneliness will turn into love and friendship.
When you feel lonely after staring at your computer screen all day, maybe you can use that technology to reach out to a reliable (可靠的) friend and invite him or her out for lunch or a coffee.
1．According to the writer, technology is ________ .
A．a tool B．an influence
C．a pair of scissors D．a way of communication
2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “impact” in Paqugraph 4?
A．帮助 B．促进 C．影响 D．进入
3．According to the passage, if people use technology too much, people may ________ .
A．sleep less B．live longer C．feel lonely D．get more jobs
4．When we use technology to________ others, we can find love and friendship.
A．argue with B．compete with C．connect with D．compare with
5．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Social media is important to us. B．Technology can be good and bad to us.
C．People need to communicate with each other.
D．Computers and the Internet help us with our work.
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．B
【解析】
本文介绍技术对我们的生活产生了很大的影响，在带来便利的同时，使人们之间的交流变少了。作者呼吁我们可以多和朋友出去。
1．细节理解题。根据“For me, technology is a tool.”可知，对作者来说，技术是一种工具。故选A。
2．词句猜测题。分析“If we depend on technology too much to communicate, this can badly impact our mental (心理的) health.”可知，如果我们过于依赖技术来交流，这会严重影响我们的心理健康。此处impact的意思是“影响”，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Even so, there have been worries about technology making people feel lonely and disconnected from others around them.”可知，有人担心科技会让人们感到孤独，与周围的人失去联系。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“But if you use it as a tool to connect with friends and family or to start a new community to talk about your hobbies and interests, the loneliness will turn into love and friendship.”可知，如果你把技术作为与朋友和家人联系的工具，或者建立一个新的社区来谈论你的爱好和兴趣，孤独就会变成爱和友谊。故选C。
5．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍技术对我们的生活产生了很大的影响，在为我们带来便利的同时，也带来了问题。故选B。

(二)（2022-湖南永州·中考真题 ）
On August 30, 2021, the Chinese government announced that kids would not be allowed to play online games Mondays to Thursdays. On weekends and holidays, kids would be limited(限制) to an hour a day of online gaming. “Recently, many parents have reported that playing games crazily among some youths and children is seriously harming their normal study, life and health.” the Chinese government said online. This news got us thinking. Should the government be responsible for limiting how much time kids spend online? Here are some students’opinions.
Esme McNeely, 11
The government should not set screen-time limits. That decision should be up to parents. Some children need to use screens for homework. And during the COVID-19, one of the only ways to talk to friends was online. Government limits would not be fair to people who are careful with their screen time.
Lucas Barone, 11
The government should not limit screen time. A 2021 study from the University of Colorado Boulder says screen time might be less harmful to kids than people think. Some parents worry that children online too much won’t make friends. But the study reports that screen time can actually improve kids’friendships. In fact, screen time can be educational. I use websites to read and to learn math.
Xiuhan Zhu, 9
I think the government should take action and limit screen time for kids. Too much screen time can lead to tiredness and less social time. People who use smartphones are more likely to get into car accidents. Electrical products like computers can also be harmful for kids. If kids aren’t careful with the websites they use, criminals can get important information.
Ning Li, 10
Most people spend too much time on their phones and TVs. They hurt their eyes and waste their time. And watching a lot of TV or playing games can influence kids’ learning and social skills. If the government limited screen time, people would be encouraged to spend more time with their family. They might join a sports team in their neighborhood.
6．When are kids allowed to play online games for an hour a day?
A．On Mondays. B．On Wednesday. C．On weekends.
7．Who is against screen-time limits?
A．Esme McNeely. B．Xiuhan Zhu. C．Ning Li.
8．What does the study from he University of Colorado Boulder show?
A．Screen time might do no harm to kids.
B．Screen time can improve kids’ friendships.
C．Screen time won’t help kids make friends.
9．What are Ning Li’s opinions about screen-time limits?
A．Too much screen time can lead to tiredness.
B．Criminals can get important information easily.
C．People are encouraged to spend more time with their family.
10．What is the article mainly about?
A．Screen time can be educational.
B．Screen time can lead to less social time.
C．Whether the government should set screen-time limits.
【答案】
6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．C
【解析】
本文针对政府是否应该负责限制孩子们花在网上的时间，几个孩子给出了自己的看法。
6．细节理解题。根据“On weekends and holidays, kids would be limited(限制) to an hour a day of online gaming.”可知，在周末和节假日，孩子们每天只能玩一个小时的网络游戏。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据“Esme McNeely, 11...The government should not set screen-time limits.”可知，Esme McNeely反对限制，故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据“A 2021 study from the University of Colorado Boulder says screen time might be less harmful to kids than people think. Some parents worry that children online too much won’t make friends. But the study reports that screen time can actually improve kids’friendships.”可知，科罗拉多大学博尔德分校2021年的一项研究称，屏幕时间对孩子的伤害可能比人们想象的要小，一些家长担心孩子上网太多会交不到朋友，但研究报告称，屏幕时间实际上可以改善孩子们的友谊。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据“If the government limited screen time, people would be encouraged to spend more time with their family.”可知，如果限制屏幕时间，人们就会被鼓励花更多的时间和家人在一起。故选C。
10．主旨大意题。本文针对政府是否应该负责限制孩子们花在网上的时间，几个孩子给出了自己的看法。选项C“政府是否应该设置屏幕时间限制”符合主题，故选C。






(三)（2022-湖北鄂州·中考真题 ）
In my opinion, China’s “Double Reduction” Policy（“双减”政策 ）aimed at easing（减轻 ）education-related pressure on parents and children is effective. Now take my home as an example to show how it works.
“Dad! Get up! You promised to take us to the zoo today!” my two daughters shouted together one recent Saturday morning. The clock had just struck seven, but our house had already gotten noisier than the monkeys in the zoo!
For families with children, weekends have become very different. In the past, my wife and I could at least sleep in（睡懒觉 ）. Then at 9 o’clock, we had to wake up the kids. After throwing them into a tutoring class（辅导班 ）, we could enjoy several hours to ourselves. But now, these classes are gone altogether. Kids, of course, are happy about this. Every Tuesday or Wednesday evening, my girls would ask me, “Where are we going to spend this coming Saturday?”
Luckily, there are still some classes for them to attend. On Sundays, my girls go to learn ballet and chess. They really enjoy their time there. My elder daughter is old enough to read quietly on her own. On lucky days, we can get her to read together with her sister. Still, a quiet “competition” is on. My girls sometimes talk about how their classmates have spent an exciting weekend. It’s their way of complaining about my laziness.
Weekends are more tiring now for parents, but I think they are good for kids. After all, childhood should be more than just studying school subjects. It should be more colorful.
11．What is the aim of the “Double Reduction” Policy?
A．To ease education-related pressure on parents and children.
B．To make parents stay with their children at weekends.
C．To make parents have more time for themselves at weekends.
D．To make children and their parents have a good time at weekends.
12．What did the writer do with his children one recent Saturday morning?
A．They travelled to the countryside. B．They went camping.
C．They went to the zoo. D．They went to a tutoring class.
13．When the tutoring classes are gone altogether, children are________.
A．tired B．sad C．happy D．surprised
14．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．The writer’s elder daughter is old enough to read quietly by herself.
B．The “Double Reduction” Policy is effective.
C．The writer’s children learn ballet and chess on Sundays now.
D．Weekends are more relaxing for parents because of the “Double Reduction” Policy.
15．What might be the writer’s attitude（态度 ）toward the Policy?
A．Supportive. B．Disapproving. C．Doubtful. D．Unsure.
【答案】
11．A 12．C 13．C 14．D 15．A
【解析】
本文主要讲述中国的 “双减”政策对父母和孩子的影响。
11．细节理解题。根据第一段“China’s ‘Double Reduction’ Policy aimed at easing education-related pressure on parents and children is effective”可知，中国“双减”政策的目的是为了减轻父母和孩子与教育有关的压力。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“ ‘Dad! Get up! You promised to take us to the zoo today!’ my two daughters shouted together one recent Saturday morning.”可知，在最近的周六，作者和孩子去了动物园。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段“But now, these classes are gone altogether. Kids, of course, are happy about this”可知，辅导班的课取消之后，孩子们很开心。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Weekends are more tiring now for parents”可知，现在周末对于父母来说更累了。D选项表述错误。故选D。
15．态度观点题。根据最后一段“I think they are good for kids”及“childhood should be more than just studying school subjects. It should be more colorful”可知，作者认为这个政策对孩子是有好处的，对于“双减”政策是支持的态度。故选A。


(四)（2022-四川广安·中考真题 ）
You may know about “junk food” like French fries. But do you know about “junk sleep”? Recently, a British survey（调查 ）shows that there are many electronic products in teenagers’ bedrooms. They are influencing teenagers’ sleep badly.
The survey was done among 1,000 British kids from 12 to 16. It found that 50% of them got just 4 to 7 hours’ sleep every day. But doctors say they need 8 to 9 hours.
Almost 25% of the kids said they often fell asleep while they were watching TV, listening to music or using other electronic products.
“This is very worrying,” said Dr. Chris, a British professor（教授 ）. “We call it ‘junk sleep’. It means you don’t get enough sleep and the quality（质量 ）of the sleep is low, too. If you don’t get a good rest, you won’t do well in school the next day.”
The survey found that quite a few of the kids felt tired each day because of the junk sleep, especially girls between 13 and 16 feeling the worst. Nearly all the teenagers have a phone, MP5 or TV in their bedrooms. And lots of them even have all the three.
Dr. Chris suggested that parents should help their children keep away from electronic products, and teenagers should spend less time on the electronic products.
16．What does this passage mainly talk about?
A．Junk food. B．Junk sleep.
C．Electronic products. D．The importance of sleep.
17．How many of the children sleep only 4 to 7 hours a day in the survey?
A．200. B．250. C．500. D．1000.
18．“Junk food” and “junk sleep” are similar to each other because ________.
A．they are both low in quality B．they are both needed in our life
C．they are both enjoyed at weekends D．they are both necessary for people’s health
19．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Teenagers of 12 to 16 only need 4 to 7 hours’ sleep each day.
B．Few of the teenagers have electronic products in their bedrooms.
C．Teenagers spend too much time on electronic products.
D．Girls between 13 and 16 spend the least time on electronic products.
20．Which of the following should be the best way to solve the problem?
A．Parents must take the electronic products away from their children.
B．Parents stop the teenagers from using any electronic product.
C．Teenagers should decide not to use the electronic products.
D．Teenagers should spend less time on the electronic products.
【答案】
16．B 17．C 18．A 19．C 20．D
【解析】
本文讲述青少年床上的电子产品会影响到他们的睡眠，导致垃圾睡眠。
16．主旨大意题。根据第一段“junk sleep”及“there are many electronic products in teenagers’ bedrooms. They are influencing teenagers’ sleep badly”，可知文章主要介绍了垃圾睡眠。故选B。
17．推理判断题。根据第二段“The survey was done among 1,000 British kids from 12 to 16. It found that 50% of them got just 4 to 7 hours’ sleep every day”可知，有1000个孩子参与调查，其中50%的孩子每天只睡4到7小时，可知只睡四到七个小时的人数是1000×50%=500人。故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据第四段“We call it ‘junk sleep’. It means you don’t get enough sleep and the quality of the sleep is bad, too”可知，垃圾睡眠指睡眠质量不好，垃圾食品指的是质量不好的食品，可推断两者质量都不好。故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据最后一段“parents should help their children keep away from electronic products, and teenagers should spend less time on the electronic products”父母应该帮助孩子远离电子产品，青少年花费在电子产品上的时间应该更少。可知，青少年花费在电子产品上的时间太多了。故选C。
20．推理判断题。根据最后一段“parents should help their children keep away from electronic products, and teenagers should spend less time on the electronic products”可知，电子产品影响青少年的睡眠，解决问题的最好的办法是花更少的时间在电子产品上。选D。

(五)（2022-山东菏泽·中考真题 ）

They say once you learn how to ride a bike, you never forget. Most of us learnt when we were kids, and many still shoot off for a ride around the streets. In recent times, cycling has seen a rise in popularity, so the question is: what makes it so popular to people to ride their bikes once again?
First, let’s look at the good for health. Cycling can improve your health and burn extra body fat. Exercising your legs helps to increase your strength. And cycling’s good isn’t just physical, but mental(精神的) as well. A long ride in the countryside could help you to clear your mind, or lower your worry. But it’s not only about your body and mind, there are also some good sides for your wallet’s(钱包) health.
Cycling can be a great way to go to work or go around town. By cycling, you save money instead of driving a car or taking a bus. If you drive to work, sometimes finding somewhere to park can be a very difficult thing. However, finding somewhere to lock your bike can be much simpler. Then, on the bus, there are changes at stations and other passengers speaking loudly on their phones to deal with. Cyclists face neither of these problems. And if you’re worried about safety, there are special cycle ways in many big cities. Wearing high-visibility(高能见度) clothing is another way to improve your safety when cycling on the roads.
Finally, cycling can also be good for the environment. It can help you to reduce your carbon footprint(碳足迹). Not giving gases out into the air is better for the planet and your own environment.
So, whether people want to cycle for their health, going around town, their wallet, the environment, or a combination(结合) of all of them, the popularity of cycling is on the rise.
21．What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To explain a reason.
B．To raise a question.
C．To give an example.
22．What is the meaning of “wallet's health” in Paragraph 2?
A．Cycling saves money.
B．Cycling wastes money.
C．Cycling keeps your wallet safe.
23．Why is cycling good for the environment?
A．It burns extra body fat.
B．It is easy to lock a bicycle.
C．It helps reduce carbon footprint.
24．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Cycling for physical health.
B．Cycling for safety on the road.
C．The growing popularity of cycling.
【答案】
21．B 22．A 23．C 24．C
【解析】
本文主要介绍了骑自行车再次受到欢迎的现象以及原因。
21．推理判断题。根据“In recent times, cycling has seen a rise in popularity, so the question is: what makes it so popular to people to ride their bikes once again?”可知, 第一段的目的是引出话题：为什么骑自行车如此受欢迎。故选B。
22．词义猜测题。根据“By cycling, you save money instead of driving a car or taking a bus.”可知, 骑自行车可以省钱，因此“wallet’s health”指的是“骑自行车很省钱”。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据“It can help you to reduce your carbon footprint. Not giving gases out into the air is better for the planet and your own environment.”可知, 骑自行车对环境有好处是因为有助于减少碳足迹。故选C。
24．主旨大意题。根据第一段“what makes it so popular to people to ride their bikes once again?”与最后一段“So, whether people want to cycle for their health, going around town, their wallet, the environment, or a combination of all of them, the popularity of cycling is on the rise.”以及通读全文可知, 本文主要介绍了骑自行车再次受到欢迎的现象以及原因。C选项“骑自行车越来越受欢迎。”符合主题。故选C。

(六)（2022-北京·中考真题 ）
A Pathway (路径) to Meaning in Life
When it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life?
Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): having long-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s life fits together and “makes sense”.
But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA). EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life’s beauty.
We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgment of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness.
In the first study, we had people rate (评估) their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life’s beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful.
In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty of life” and “I appreciate little things in life,” as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable.
In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments.
All the results proved our theory (假设) true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us.
25．You were most probably in the EA condition when _________.
A．you made a travel plan for the coming holiday
B．you hurried to serve the customers in the store
C．you practiced hard to become the best violinist
D．you stopped to admire the roses by the roadside
26．What can we learn from the studies mentioned in the passage?
A．Thinking back to the past weakens our sense of meaning.
B．Enjoying small things can influence our attitude toward life.
C．Proper stress management is the key to living a satisfying life.
D．Good judgment on beauty improves connections among people.
27．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A．It is easier for results-driven people to achieve success.
B．We often turn a blind eye to the present moment.
C．A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals.
D．Future life will bring us many more surprises.
28．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A．To explain how to discover beauty in life.
B．To discuss what the true meaning of life is.
C．To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life.
D．To compare different factors for meaningfulness.
【答案】
25．D 26．B 27．D 28．C
【解析】
本文是一篇议论文，讨论是什么让生活变得有意义。
25．推理判断题。根据“When people are open to appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA).”可知，当人们乐于欣赏这样的经历时，这些时刻可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法，我们称之为体验欣赏。选项D“你停下来欣赏路边的玫瑰”符合，故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据“Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life.”可知，生活让我们体验到美丽的小瞬间，当人们乐于欣赏这样的经历时，这些时刻可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法。故选B。
27．段落大意题。根据“We should slow down and let life surprise us.”可知，我们应该慢下来，让生活给我们惊喜。所以最后一段告诉我们未来的生活将给我们带来更多的惊喜，故选D。
28．主旨大意题。根据第三段“But we believe there is more to consider.”本文主要讨论有意义的生活的一个新的要素，故选C。

(七)（2022-重庆·中考真题 ）
We all have those moments when bright ideas hit us, but not everyone can develop such moments into the fruits of creative thinking. While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton, one of the greatest scientists, we seldom notice that creative thinking is in fact a process (过程).
Let’s look at what happened in 1666.
Sitting in the garden, Newton watched an apple fall from a tree. He began to wonder if the same force that pulled the apple down also kept the moon circling the earth. Newton believed it did. He called it “gravity (重力)”.
This story has become one of the most popular examples of “eureka” moments. But when we cheer for the great discovery, the whole process of creative thinking shouldn’t be forgotten.
Newton studied mathematics for long to have a better understanding of the world. He always enjoyed finding new ways to solve problems. The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work before. It also started the train of thought that continued for the next twenty years.
Newton began to examine “gravity” carefully. He experimented (实验). Then he studied the results and used what he had learned to do new experiments. In 1687, the greatest scientific work ever written came out.
The whole process of creative thinking works the same in our life.
In school, we prepare ourselves for the right moment. Once the moment comes, we catch it and then keep on working in the years to come. It takes much to get the fruits of creative thinking, but the sweetest fruits will be ready for those who wait the longest.
29．You may read the passage in a ________.
A．notice B．picture C．magazine D．dictionary
30．The underlined word “eureka” in Paragraph (段落) 4 probably means “________”.
A．I’ve got it B．I give up C．I’ve no idea D．I believe it
31．The writer mainly develops his idea by ________.
A．raising questions B．giving examples
C．listing numbers D．explaining differences
32．The creative thinking process for Newton follows the order of ________.
a. He caught the right moment. b. He did experiments over and over.
c. He saw an apple fall from a tree. d. He studied mathematics for long.
A．a-c-d-b B．b-a-c-d C．a-b-c-d D．d-c-a-b
【答案】
29．C 30．A 31．B 32．D
【解析】
本文以牛顿的故事为例告诉我们创造性思维实际是一个过程。
29．推理判断题。本文以牛顿的故事为例告诉我们创造性思维实际是一个过程。有可能在杂志中读到。故选C。
30．词义猜测题。根据“But when we cheer for the great discovery, the whole process of creative thinking shouldn’t be forgotten.”及“This story has become one of the most popular examples”可知此处表示牛顿发现“重力”的事情是一个重大发现的例子，eureka意为“（欢呼 ）找到了；有了”，即“I’ve got it”。故选A。
31．篇章结构题。根据“While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton, one of the greatest scientists, we seldom notice that creative thinking is in fact a process.”及文中就牛顿的事例作出的讨论，可知作者主要通过举例子来阐述他的思想。故选B。
32．排序题。根据“Newton studied mathematics for long to have a better understanding of the world. ... The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work before. It also started the train of thought that continued for the next twenty years. ... He experimented.”可知牛顿学了很久数学（d ），之后他看见一个苹果从树上掉下来（c ），他抓住了这个时刻（a ）并反复做实验（b ），正确的排序是d-c-a-b。故选D。
2021年
(一)
【2021年】（江苏泰州市·中考真题 ）

Just the other day, I was in a bookshop and found a book named How to make friends with foreigners. As a Canadian living in China for a year, I was curious to see what kind of advice a Chinese writer giving on this matter.
One piece of advice really caught my attention and, I must say, made me feel quite angry. In the writer’s opinion, foreigners are an "opportunity (机会)" to improve your oral English; whenever you see a foreigner, American or English, you should practise speaking English with him or her. If the foreigner doesn’t want to answer your questions, then he or she is a rude person who you wouldn’t want to spend time with anyway. I think this advice is not only incorrect, but also may harm the relationship between Chinese and foreigners in China.
Like most other "Lao Wai" living in China, I know how lonely one can sometimes feel living in a culture different from our own familiar (熟悉的) ways. However, I simply accept as part of being here. So far my time in China has been rewarding. I have improved my Chinese language skills, learned about one of the fastest developing countries in the world today and made some very close Chinese friends.
However, I have also met many Chinese people who consider me only as an "opportunity" to improve their oral English. I have had people following me from town to my flat to trouble me to teach them English. I have had complete strangers throwing articles or speeches in my face, insisting that I help them with the English translation. I have had people asking me non-stop questions for half an hour at the weekly English Corner ...
Friendship for a lot of foreigners is about spending time with someone whose company (陪伴) they really enjoy. So if there is any advice to give on making and keeping friendships with foreigners, I would say that it is this: Treat foreigners as people, not opportunities. Expect to make friendships step by step, over a period of time, not in a rush. ________ If your only reason for becoming fiends with a foreigner is to improve your English, then you will probably find that you don’t have a foreign friend for long.
1．Where is the writer of this passage from?
A．America B．China C．Canada D．England
2．Why is the writer of the passage interested in the book "How to make friends with foreigners" ?
A．Because he wants to have some more close Chinese Friends.
B．Because he has greatly improved his Chinese language skills,
C．Because no Chinese people would like to make friends with him.
D．Because he wants to know about the Chinese writer’s advice on this topic.
3．According to the writer of the book "How to make friends with foreigners" , ________.
A．his advice may make foreigners angry
B．it is rude of you to ask a foreigner questions
C．you should choose a good foreigner to practise English with
D．don’t waste time on a foreigner who doesn’t answer your questions
4．In the fourth paragraph, the writer uses "I have had…" three times, because ________.
A．he had no better sentences to express his ideas.
B．he wanted to show how he hated to make friends with Chinese.
C．he wanted to show how he hated to be treated as an “opportunity”.
D．he met Chinese who wanted to make friends with him only three times.
5．Which sentence may be the best to fill in the "________" in the last paragraph?
A．True friendships stand (经得起) the test of time.
B．Learn about different cultures to make real friends.
C．Friends are about opportunities or personal advantages.
D．There’s real friendship between people from different countries.
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.A
【分析】
本文讲述了一位在中国生活的加拿大人谈论如何与外国人建立和保持友谊，他认为要把外国人当作人，而不是机会，才能一步一步地建立友谊。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“As a Canadian living in China for a year…”可知，作者来自加拿大，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段“I was curious to see what kind of advice a Chinese writer giving on this matter”可知，作者对这本书很感兴趣，是因为他想知道一位中国作家在这个问题上给出了什么样的建议，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第二段“ In the writer’s opinion, foreigners are an ‘opportunity’ to improve your oral English; whenever you see a foreigner, American or English, you should practise speaking English with him or her.”可知，书的作者认为外国人是提高你英语口语的“机会”，每当你见到外国人，你应该和他或她练习说英语，故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“One piece of advice really caught my attention and, I must say, made me feel quite angry.”以及第四段“However, I have also met many Chinese people who consider me only as an ‘opportunity’ to improve their oral English.”可知，这里作者用了三次“I have had…”，因为他想表明他是多么讨厌被当作“机会”来对待，故选C。
5．词句猜测题。根据前一句“Expect to make friendships step by step, over a period of time, not in a rush.”可知，这里作者想告诉我们要一步一步地建立友谊，在一段时间内，不要匆忙，真正的友谊经得起时间的考验的，故选A。

(二) （2021·湖北荆门市·中考真题 ）
TikTok, known as Douyin in China, is a mobile app allowing users to create, share and watch short videos.
Developed by: ByteDance
Users: 13+
Joe Thomas
It seems very enjoyable. However, it’s difficult to stop once you start watching its videos. It’s not a good idea to spend too much time on it.
Alice Brown
I like the app because it allows me to share my daily life and make new friends. What’s more, I have won more popularity for the videos I created. Now I have more than 10 million fans.
Adam Young
There is no need for us to use this app. My friend Tom Smith spends most of his spare time on TikTok. I think he should spend time on more meaningful things, such as exercising or reading.

6．TikTok is suitable for users aged ________.
A．7 B．20 C．12 D．10
7．Joe Thomas thinks that you may ________ while watching TikTok.
A．spend too much time B．get bored easily
C．waste too much money D．learn some harmful information
8．TikTok has made ________ popular for his (her) videos.
A．Joe Thomas B．Tom Smith C．Adam Young D．Alice Brown
【答案】
6.B 7.A 8.D
【分析】本文介绍了三个人对抖音这个应用程序的看法。
6．细节理解题。根据“Users: 13+”可知，适合13岁以上年龄的用户，故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“However, it’s difficult to stop once you start watching its videos. It’s not a good idea to spend too much time on it”可知，他认为在看抖音时会花费许多时间，故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据“ What’s more, I have won more popularity for the videos I created”可知，抖音让Alice因她的视频而变得受欢迎，故选D。

(三)（2021·山东滨州市·中考真题 ）
“Life’s a long, long journey,” so we are told, and most of us would not set off on a journey, even a short one, without some ideas of where we wanted to go. Yet many people travel on life’s journey with no sense of direction at all.
Setting personal goals can give your life a sense of direction. Goal setting is used by top sports players, successful business people and achievers in all fields. Before you set personal goals, think about what you want to achieve with your life.
Try to set goals in some of the following categories (类别):
Education—Will you achieve the educational goals after finishing high school? Are you still growing and learning?
Family—What kind of relationship do you want with your parents and other family members?
Creative—Do you want to achieve any artistic goals?
Career—What job do you want to take when you grow up? What do you need to make your dream come true?
Public Service—Do you want to make the world a better place?
Physical—Are you fit enough to do the things you want to do?
Pleasure—How do you want to enjoy yourself?
To help make the process more manageable, divide your goals into smaller tasks. For example, if you want to reach a main goal in five years, set a three-year goal, a one-year goal, a three-month goal and a one-month goal. Then create a daily To-Do List of things that you should do today. When a goal is achieved, take the time to enjoy your success. This helps you build the self-confidence.
Remember, your goals can be changed as time goes on. But be sure your goals are the things you hope to achieve, not what your parents, family or teachers want.
9．According to the passage, why should we set goals?
A．To have a better future. B．To enjoy pleasure in life.
C．To know where to have a journey. D．To give our life a sense of direction.
10．What should you consider when you set a family goal?
A．The education you want to get. B．The job to support your family.
C．The time you’ll spend reaching your goal. D．The relationship with family members.
11．What’s the best advice to achieve the main goal?
A．Dividing your goals into smaller tasks. B．Creating a daily To-Do List of things.
C．Building the self-confidence. D．Setting the time to achieve the main goal.
12．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Once you set your goals, they can’t be changed.
B．Not all the people can get success by setting goals.
C．Enjoying success in one goal can help you do better in the next one.
D．Your goals are the things you and your parents, families or teachers want.
13．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．A long journey. B．Goal setting for life. C．The direction of life. D．Ways to achieve goals.
【答案】
9.D 10.D 11.A 12.C 13.B

【分析】生活是一段漫长的旅程，设定目标可以给我们的生活一个方向感。首先你要知道自己人生的目标是什么，如何设定自己的人生目标，这篇短文中作者提出了一些建议。
9．细节理解题。根据“Setting personal goals can give your life a sense of direction.”可知，设定个人目标可以给我们的人生方向感。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据“Family—What kind of relationship do you want with your parents and other family members?”可知，在设定家庭目标的时候，你首先要想清楚你想与父母和其他家庭成员保持什么样的关系。故选D。
11．细节理解题。根据“To help make the process more manageable, divide your goals into smaller tasks.”可知，为了完成一个主要的目标，你应该把它分成几个小目标。故选A。
12．推理判断题。根据“When a goal is achieved, take the time to enjoy your success. This helps you build the self-confidence.”可知，当一个目标实现了，享受你的成功，这会帮助你建立自信，这样可以帮助你在下一个目标中做得更好。故选C。
13．标题归纳题。根据文意以及短文中“Setting personal goals can give your life a sense of direction.”可知，文章中作者首先提到“设定个人目标能给生活方向感”，然后下文介绍了如何设定人生目标。B选项“设定人生目标”符合文章主旨，作为标题最合适。故选B。

(四)（2021·北京中考真题 ）

Nature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas. What belongs to nature cannot be the result of human activities and on the other hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. However, this is not the only opinion on the relationship between nature and culture. Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物种).
Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle(斗争) against human nature. We are born with wild natures, such as eating and behaving in a disorganized way or acting selfishly. Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures; it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt(适应) , progress and raise itself above and beyond other species.
Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation. Consider, for example, hunting(打猎) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons(武器) is related to that adaptation-from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied.
The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same time or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born from Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speak that language.
14．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．Culture belongs to human nature.
B．Nature teaches humans how to adapt.
C．Humans are supposed to be well organized.
D．Education pushes the human species to progress.
15．Why does the writer talk about hunting in Paragraph 3?
A．To suggest some possible ways of changing living habits.
B．To stress the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life.
C．To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment.
D．To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons.
16．The word “transmission” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A．system B．spread C．start D．spirit
17．What is the writer’s opinion on the nature-culture relationship?
A．Culture and nature are separate yet balanced.
B．Culture depends much on nature to progress.
C．Nature and culture are different but connected.
D．Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture.

【答案】
14.D 15.C 16.B 17.C

【分析】本文是一篇议论文，自然和文化常常被视为对立的观点，但是人类发展的研究表明，文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分。生物的发展和文化的发展是紧密相连的，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。
14．段落大意题。根据“Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle(斗争) against human nature.”和“Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures”可知，人们把教育的过程看作是一场与人性的斗争，教育把文化作为一种方式，让我们摆脱最广泛的天性。所以本段想说明教育推动人类进步。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据“Consider, for example, hunting(打猎) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits.”可知，打猎似乎是一种适应，使人类能够进入新的和不同的地区，打开改变生活习惯的机会。文章提到打猎是为了展示文化是如何随着人类适应环境而发展的。故选C。
16．词义猜测题。分析“The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture.”可知，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。就像蜗牛带着它们的壳一样，我们也带着我们的文化。所以此处transmission的意思是“传播”，故选B。
17．观点态度题。根据“Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物种).”可知，作者认为文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分，作者认为自然和文化之间是对立且密切联系的。故选C。

(五) （2021·福建中考真题 ）
In recent years, there have been many films about robots trying to take over the world. Studies show that up to 20 million factory jobs worldwide could be taken by robots in the next 10 years. Some people are worried about what might happen in the future.
On 8th September, 2020, The Guardian published (发表) an article written by a robot called GPT - 3. It wrote that “robot” comes from the Greek word for “slave” (奴隶) and humans have nothing to fear from robots, which are only here to help humans. However, the fact that a robot could write such an article has made some people feel even more uneasy. Where is the robot technology heading? Can robots and humans work together?
YES - they’re here to help humans
Robots are created by humans for humans. Robots take on jobs that are too dangerous for people to do by themselves. Although robots might take some people’s jobs, they will create new types of work, and they will possibly create more jobs than they take away. Besides, robots’ programming could actually make them more trustworthy than humans , because they are not influenced by feelings.
NO — humans should not trust robots
Robots are already taking over the world. Jobs that used to be done by human beings are now being taken by robots. Although robots are under our control now, that might not always be the case. An experiment in Switzerland found that some robots had learnt how to lie to each other. With the development of AI (人工智能), robots could start to act in their own interests. Wherever possible, humans should do things themselves.
What’s your opinion on this matter?
18．What language does the word “robot” come from?
A．Greek B．English C．German D．French
19．When learning that GPT - 3 could write an article, some people feel ________ .
A．angry B．excited C．nervous D．relaxed
20．What advantage of robots is mentioned in the text?
A．Acting in their own interests B．Developing filming technology
C．Working with different feelings D．Doing unsafe work for humans
21．What can we learn from the text?
A．GPT - 3 will take over the world
B．Some robots have learnt how to be lazy
C．Robots are still under the control of humans now
D．20 million people fear that they will lose their jobs
22．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Will Robots Become Creative? B．Should Humans Trust Robots?
C．Will Robots Do Harm to Humans? D．Should Humans Do Things Themselves?

【答案】
18.A 19.C 20.D 21.C 22.B

【分析】本文就机器人技术的发展方向以及机器人是否能和人类一起工作，人类是否应该信任机器人等问题发表了不同的观点。
18．细节理解题。根据“It wrote that “robot” comes from the Greek word for “slave””可知，机器人这个词来自于希腊语，故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据“However, the fact that a robot could write such an article has made some people feel even more uneasy”可知，机器人能写这样一篇文章的事实让一些人感到更加不安，故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“Robots take on jobs that are too dangerous for people to do by themselves”可知，机器人的优点是可以为人类做一些危险的工作，故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据“Although robots are under our control now”可知，机器人现在还在我们的控制之下，故选C。
22．最佳标题。根据“Besides, robots’ programming could actually make them more trustworthy than humans”及“humans should not trust robots”可知，本文主要围绕“人类是否可以信任机器人”等方面发表了不同的观点，故选B。

(六)（2021·湖南长沙市·中考真题 ）
From an early age, we were taught that if we wanted to be successful, we had to study hard and get good results at school. In fact, good students may just end up doing jobs they don’t like, and some even lead an unhappy life. Why is it like that?
In some parents’ eyes, school grades matter most for their kids. In reality, there are many things to consider besides the school subjects, for example, how to be a happy person, what to do to keep healthy, and how to get along well with others. That is to say, school is not just enough if you want to have a great life.
Doing well in school is different from doing well in life. Studies show that people who failed at school may not end up failing in life. You may have already known that some famous people, like Thomas Edison and Steve Jobs, didn’t do very well at school or even failed to finish school. In fact, there are a lot more than just the big shots who are successful in life without finishing school. They seize (抓住) every chance to learn and finally make it to the top.
Life is really a long lesson, so long that you can’t define (界定) a person’s success by just one section (部分) of it. If you have already finished school, keep learning because what you have learned at school will never be enough to live a satisfying life. If you are still studying, whether you are good or bad at school, don’t take your school results too seriously as long as you have put your heart into it. Keep learning to make the most of your talents (天赋). That’s how you can live a happy and successful life.
23．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing Paragraph (段落) One?
A．To introduce a topic. B．To give examples. C．To provide a solution.
24．In some parents’ eyes, what’s the most important for their kids based on Paragraph Two?
A．Being happy. B．Staying healthy. C．Getting good grades.
25．What does the underlined expression “big shots” in the third paragraph mean?
A．好学生 B．神枪手 C．大人物
26．According to the passage, which sentence may agree with the writer’s idea?
A．It takes money to be successful. B．School grades aren’t everything. C．Successful people never finish school.
27．What can we infer (推断) from the text?
A．Old habits die hard. B．Learning is a lifelong journey. C．Good grades always promise a successful life.

【答案】
23.A 24.C 25.C 26.B 27.B

【分析】本文是一篇议论文。在学校学习成绩好可以和未来的成功划等号吗？其实学校中的常胜将军可能并非人生赢家，反之亦然。
23．推理判断题。根据“In fact, good students may just end up doing jobs they don’t like, and some even lead an unhappy life. Why is it like that?”可知作者写第一段是为了引出学习成绩好并不能和未来的成功划等号这一话题。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“In some parents’ eyes, school grades matter most for their kids.”可知在一些家长的眼里，学习成绩对孩子们来说才是最重要的。故选C。
25．词义猜测题。根据“who are successful in life without finishing school”可知此处指的是没上学就取得成功的大人物，big shots意为“大人物”。故选C。
26．观点态度题。根据“That is to say, school is not just enough if you want to have a great life.”可知想要拥有美好生活，只成绩好是不够的，由此可知“学校成绩并不代表一切。”这一句符合作者的观点。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据“If you have already finished school, keep learning because what you have learned at school will never be enough to live a satisfying life.”可知即使完成学业了也要继续学习，学习是一个终生旅程。故选B。

2020年
(一) 【2020 •黔南州】
Do you pay with paper money, credit (信用的) card, or your phone when you go sopping? People in China may pay with WeChat (微信) on the phones. We seldom use paper money.
While WeChat Pay is now a part of life in our country, this way of paying also appears in other countries. A lot of foreign companies and traders have to accept it. According to Xinhua News, about 13 foreign countries have WeChat Pay services for Chinese travelers.
Is it good or bad to use WeChat Pay? Will people no longer use paper money in the future? Some discussions appear on the Internet.
"I don't think so. Nearly half of Chinese people live in the countryside. People there can't enjoy it without good Internet service. And most old people like to use paper money." said Winnie.
"WeChat Pay is convenient and safe. We needn't tell if the money is real or fake. But paper money is just the opposite. We should encourage people to use WeChat Pay more." said a wise man.
"For a long time, people will use different payment ways," said Sunshine. "Traders should allow people to choose the ways they like to pay."
Will paper money disappear in the future? What's your ideas about it?
1. When we pay with WeChat, we need to use our __________.
A. phones B. paper money C. credit cards D. wallet
2. A wise man thought __________.
A. it was not safe if people don't use paper money B. WeChat Pay was convenient and safe
C. people would go on using paper money in the future D. old people like to use paper money more
3. The underlined word "fake" in Paragraph 5 may mean __________.
A. 脏的 B. 麻烦的 C. 假的 D. 残缺的
4. From the passage, we can know __________.
A. only Chinese people use WeChat Pay
B. Chinese travelers can use WeChat Pay in about 13 foreign countries
C. people use WeChat Pay more than paper money in the world
D. paper money will surely disappear in the future
5. What's the best title for this passage?
A. Why People Use WeChat Pay? B. WeChat Payment in China.
C. Will Paper Money Disappear? D. Payment Ways in the Future.
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.D

本文主要介绍了微信支付越来越受人们的欢迎，然而纸币是否会消失呢? 不同的人有不同的看法。
1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“People in China may pay with WeChat (微信) on the phones.”，可知中国人可以用手机微信支付，故选A。
2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段a wise man 说话的内容中“WeChat Pay is convenient and safe.”，可知智者认为微信支付方便安全，故选B。
3.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据句子“We needn't tell if the money is real or fake.”中的real“真实的”，意为我们不需要去分辨钱是真的还是假的。可知fake表示“假的”之意，故选C。
4.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“While WeChat Pay is now a part of life in our country, this way of paying also appears in other countries虽然微信支付已经成为我国生活的一部分，但这种支付方式在其他国家也出现过。”，可知选项A是错误的；根据第二段“According to Xinhua News, about 13 foreign countries have WeChat Pay services for Chinese travelers. 据新华社报道，大约有13个国家为中国游客提供微信支付服务。”，可知选项B是正确的；根据Winnie说话的内容，可知选项C表述错误；文章未提到纸币一定会消失，所以选项D表述错误。故选B。
5.D【解析】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文通过微信支付引出纸币是否会消失，讨论了两种支付方式，以及未来的纸币是否会完全消失，可知，Payment Ways in the Future.是最佳标题，故选D。

(二) 【2020 •河北省】
Everyone needs help sometimes. People depend on one another. That's why communities have special people ready to lend a helping hand to anyone who needs it.
For example, what would we do without a community fire station？ If a home catches on fire,as the Jackson place did last week, it might be burned down and people get hurt…or worse. We're so lucky to have firemen to come to save people and put out the fire, safely. If the fire station hadn't come so fast, the Jacksons might have lost everything.
And what about our local police who protect our families, our homes and valuable things?The police have helped so many families this past year, especially saving people and pets and protecting our houses and other things after the heavy rains.
Think about all the other service workers we have in this community, We have people who collect waste and rubbish and keep our community sanitary, We have road workers who put up and repair traffic signs and fix holes in the streets to protect not just us, but our cars! And where would this community be without the teachers in our school and the doctors, and nurses in our community hospitals?
Think again about what we eat every day; think again about what we wear every day. We cannot produce them, but we use them all the time. We get a lot from all these tireless workers who keep our community running. We need these people in the community. We depend on each other. Let's support each other and help each other. Only in this way can we make our community a better place.
6. What happened to the Jacksons last week？
A. Their pets were lost. B. Their car was badly burnt.
C. Their house caught on fire. D. Their valuable things were stolen.
7. Who offered help to families after the heavy rains?
A. Firemen B. Doctors C. Road workers D. Local police
8. What does the underlined word "sanitary" mean?
A. Clean B. Safe C. Quiet D. Busy
9. Which question could best help us find out the writer's purpose？
A. Did the writer make us laugh?
B. Did the writer want us to do something？
C. Did the writer tell us about how to become a teacher?
D. Did the writer teach us what to do when a fire breaks out?
10. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Policemen Save People's Lives B. People Depend on Each Other.
C. Service Workers Do Important Jobs D. Workers Keep Community Running
【答案】
5.C 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.B 10.B

本文讲述了社区有一些特殊的人群随时准备向其他人伸出援手，是因为每个人都有需要帮助的时候，并举例说明了对应的故事。
5.C【解析】细节理解题。根据If a home catches on fire,as the Jackson place did last week, it might be burned down and people get hurt“如果一个房子着火了，就像杰克逊上周那样，那可能被烧毁并且人会受伤”，可知，杰克逊上周家里着火了。故选C。
6.D【解析】细节理解题。根据The police have helped so many families this past year, especially saving people and pets and protecting our houses and other things after the heavy rains“在过去的这年里，警察帮助了如此多的家庭，特别是在大雨之后拯救了人们，宠物和保护我们的房子及其他的东西”，可知，大雨后警察给人们提供帮助。故选D。
7.A【解析】词句猜测题。clean干净的；safe安全的；quiet安静的；busy忙碌的。根据We have people who collect waste and rubbish，可知，收集废品和垃圾的人会让社区变得干净，所以sanitary表示“干净的”。故选A。
8.B【解析】观点态度题。根据第一段Everyone needs help sometimes. People depend on one another. That's why communities have special people ready to lend a helping hand to anyone who needs it，可知，作者通过本文主要向告诉我们，每个人都需要别人的帮助，人们也是彼此依赖的。这也是为什么社区总有一些特殊的人群随时准备向其他人伸出援手。结合所给选项，只有D选项“作者想要让我们做一些事”表现作者的意图是关于互相帮助的内容。故选B。
10.B【解析】最佳标题。根据Everyone needs help sometimes. People depend on one another，可知，本文讲述了每个人都有需要帮助的时候，人们总是彼此依赖，并举例说明了社区中一些特殊的人群对于人们的帮助，所以最适合本文的标题是“人们彼此依赖”。故选B

(三) 【2020 •东营市】
A tornado（龙卷风 ）is a kind of strong storm with air which moves in a circle quickly. They can move over 200 miles per hour and cause a lot of damage（损坏 ）. As they move across the land, they can easily pick up cars, trucks, and even houses, and then throw them very far. It is important to find a safe place if a tornado gets close.
A safe place could be a basement（地下室 ）or the lowest floor. If you are in a home without a basement, try to find a first-floor bathroom or a small room without windows in the middle of your house. You should curl up（蜷缩 ）into a ball and cover your head and neck with your hands.
But there are some people who actually want to get close to tornadoes. They are scientists who want to learn more about tornadoes. One of the best ways to do this is to get as close as possible to the tornado. They use special tools to measure （测量 ） what is happening in and around a tornado.
One special tool is called a tornado probe（探测仪 ）. Inside the tornado probe, there are sensors（传感器 ）to measure wind speed, temperature, pressure, and direction. Some probes even have cameras, so the scientists can see and understand what it’s like to be in a tornado.
To be able to get these measurements, the scientists have to get a tornado probe near or into a tornado. Scientists will try to guess where a tornado will go next. Then they drive to that location and put down the probe. If they do not guess correctly, they pick up their probe and try another place. If they are right, the tornado will go near or even right over the probe. Then they take all of the measurements from the probe and use them to predict where future tornadoes may form（形成 ）and travel. And they can give people some warning to keep away from a dangerous tornado.
11. If a tornado gets close, what should people do to keep safe?
A. Go to a basement. B. Find a small room.
C. Stay in a bathroom. D. Curl the legs up.
12. What can the sensor in a probe NOT do?
A. Measure wind speed and temperature. B. Take photos and videos.
C. Measure wind temperature and pressure. D. Measure wind speed and direction.
13. Which statement about the scientists is TRUE?
A. They risk their lives studying tornadoes.
B. They can easily put the probe in the right place.
C. They get close to a tornado to admire it.
D. With the help of the measurements, they can prevent the tornado forming.
14. The passage mainly tells us ________.
A. what a tornado is
B. how dangerous a tornado is
C. where a tornado may form and travel
D. how scientists do research work on tornadoes
15. You may find this passage in ________.
A. a novel B. a storybook C. a guidebook D. a science magazine
【答案】
11.A 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.D

本文主要介绍了科学家如何探测及研究龙卷风。
11.A【解析】细节理解题。根据It is important to find a safe place if a tornado gets close. A safe place could be a basement（地下室 ）or the lowest floor，可知，当龙卷风靠近时，要找一个最低层或地下室这样的安全地方。故选A。
12.B【解析】细节理解题。根据Inside the tornado probe, there are sensors（传感器 ）to measure wind speed, temperature, pressure, and direction，可知，传感器可以测量风速，温度，压力及方向。结合所给选项，只有B不符合。故选B。
13.A【解析】推理判断题。根据To be able to get these measurements, the scientists have to get a tornado probe near or into a tornado，可知，为了得到这些测量数据，科学家必须冒着生命危险把探测器靠近龙卷风或进入龙卷风里，所以A选项正确。根据Scientists will try to guess where a tornado will go next. Then they drive to that location and put down the probe. If they do not guess correctly, they pick up their probe and try another place，可知，科学家要尝试猜测龙卷风下一步会去哪里，然后把探测器放在这个位置，如果猜错了，还要去尝试另外一个地方，说明把探测器放在合适的位置并不是那么容易，所以B选项错误。根据They are scientists who want to learn more about tornadoes，可知，科学家靠近龙卷风是为了更多地了解它，所以C选项错误。根据Then they take all of the measurements from the probe and use them to predict where future tornadoes may form（形成 ）and travel. And they can give people some warning to keep away from a dangerous tornado，可知，在测量数据的帮助下，科学家可以预测未来龙卷风在哪里形成，这样可以给到人们一些警示来远离危险的龙卷风，所以D选项错误。故选A。
14.D【解析】主旨大意题。根据本文第二段到最后一段，可知，本文主要讲述了科学家如何研究龙卷风。故选D。
15.D【解析】推理判断题。通读全文，可知，本文主要讲述了科学家如何研究龙卷风，这篇文章最有可能在科学杂志上看到。故选D。

(四) 【2020 •广西北部湾经济区】
China gets greener
President Xi Jinping said "clear waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets(绿水青山就是金山银山)". With the efforts of China's government and its people, the rate of forest coverage(森林覆盖率)in China has reached 22. 96%, compared to 5. 05% forty years ago, according to a recent report from the State Forestry and Grassland Administration (SFGA).
Over the past forty years, China planted billions of trees as part of its fight against expanding(延伸的)deserts, mostly in its north. Each year, people sow seedlings(播种)over an area nearly the size of Ireland, according to Nature.
In 1978, China began a nationwide tree-planting programme known as the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Programme, also known as "the Great Green Wall". It has helped to plant more than 66 billion trees across 13 provinces in the country's north to act as windbreaks(防风林), according to China Daily.
Since 2018, SFGA has made more efforts to build a greener country. Its purpose is to grow at least 6. 7 million hectares(公顷)of forest every year in the next 15 years. Besides planting more trees, China has tried to bring back grasslands. It has also used strict forest protection methods and banned(禁止)all commercial logging(商业伐木)since last August.
The high-speed growth of forests cannot happen without public participation(参与). For example, Ant Forest, an Alipay mobile payment app, plants real tees for users who get "green energy" by taking part in low-carbon(低碳)activities. Since 2016, it has helped to plant about 122 million trees in China's driest areas.
China was praised as "one of the most successful countries worldwide in greening the desert" by United Nations Environment Programme Executive Director Erik Solheim.
16. What was the rate of forest coverage forty years ago?
A. 5. 05%. B. 17. 91%. C. 22. 96%. D. 28. 01%.
17. Over the past forty years, China has planted billions of trees to ________.
A. turn deserts into green land B. create a green area in the desert
C. stop deserts from expand D. build an area nearly the size of Ireland
18. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Windbreaks have covered across all provinces of China.
B. In 1978, China succeeded in building "the Great Green Wall.
C. China has grown 6. 7 million hectares of forest since 2018.
D. Since 1978, over 66 billion trees have been planted to act as windbreaks.
19. What did China do to build a greener country?
A. Tried to bring back grasslands. B. Made strict forest protection methods.
C. Banned commercial logging. D. All of the above.
20. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Ant Forest plants real trees for all Chinese people.
B. Everybody can help build a greener country.
C. China's forest coverage is the highest in the world.
D. China was praised for no deserts in northern China.
【答案】
16.A 17.C 18.D 19.D 20.B
习近平总书记曾经说过“绿水青山就是金山银山”，中国在注重经济发展的同时，对于环境的保护也没有松懈过。这篇短文详细介绍了中国对保护环境、植树造林所做的努力。
16.A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第一段“With the efforts of China's government and its people, the rate of forest coverage(森林覆盖率)in China has reached 22. 96%, compared to 5. 05% forty years ago”可知，四十年前，中国的森林覆盖率是5.05%。故选A。
17.C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第二段“Over the past forty years, China planted billions of trees as part of its fight against expanding(延伸的)deserts, mostly in its north.”可知，中国种植了数以十亿计的树木，是为了抵抗不断扩大的沙漠。故选C。
18.D【解析】推理判断题。根据短文第三段的内容可知，从1978年起，中国开始在全国范围内植树造林。种植了超过660亿棵树，作为防风林。D选项符合文意，故选D。根据第三段“It has helped to plant more than 66 billion trees across 13 provinces in the country's north to act as windbreaks(防风林), according to China Daily.”可知A不对；根据“In 1978, China began a nationwide tree-planting programme known as the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Programme, also known as "the Great Green Wall".”可知，中国从1978年开始修建“绿色长城”，并不是已经成功建成，故B不对；根据第四段“Since 2018, SFGA has made more efforts to build a greener country. Its purpose is to grow at least 6. 7 million hectares(公顷)of forest every year in the next 15 years.”可知C不对。
19.D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第四段“Besides planting more trees, China has tried to bring back grasslands. It has also used strict forest protection methods and banned(禁止)all commercial logging(商业伐木)since last August.”可知，为了建设更加绿色的国家，中国不仅种植更多的树木，还试图恢复草原、使用严格的森林保护方法、禁止商业伐木。A、B和C三个选项在文章中都提到了。故选D。
20.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段的开头“The high-speed growth of forests cannot happen without public participation(参与).”可知，中国森林覆盖率的高速增长离不开公众的参与，并举了支付宝的蚂蚁森林的例子。由此可知，为了建设一个绿色的国家，每个人都可以贡献自己的力量。故选B。

(五) 【2020 •遵义市】
China has accepted western fashion and technology as it has developed these years, but a lot of young people are turning to the past for their clothes choices and putting on traditional "hanfu".
As the government encourages the renaissance (复兴) of traditional culture, hanfu is getting more and more popular with the teenagers. Every year, we can enjoy different hanfu shows around the cities. These shows bring us back to Han dynasty. We learn more about the history, culture and beauty from them.
Hanfu hasn't been in the same style since Han dynasty. However, this kind of clothes has something in common. They all have large soft robes (袍子), with sleeves that hang down to the knees, so the hands can't be seen.
In modern China, the hanfu lovers are from history fans, cartoon fans to clothes fans.
"Clothes are the basic part of culture, so both the traditional clothes and modern clothes play the same role in culture," said Zhang Jun, a famous reporter. "If the people and the country do not even understand our traditional clothes or don't wear them, how can we talk about other important parts of our culture?"
21. What clothes does the passage talk about?
A. B.
C. D.
22. Han fu is getting more and more popular because ________.
A. China has accepted western fashion B. China has accepted western technology
C. China has developed in recent years D. the government encourages traditional culture
23. Who are hanfu lovers in China nowadays?
A. History fans. B. Cartoon fans. C. Clothes fans. D. All of the above.
24. What does the underlined word "sleeves" mean?
A. 衣领 B. 衣袖 C. 纽扣 D. 拉链
25. According to Zhang Jun, he thinks ________.
A. clothes are not the part of culture B. it's not necessary for us to wear hanfu
C. clothes help us understand our culture better D. hanfu isn't so important as modern clothes
【答案】
21.A 22.D 23.D 24.B 25.C

文章介绍的是随着传统文化的复兴，汉服变得越来越受欢迎了，以及汉服的样子，和所代表的文化意义。
21.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中They all have large soft robes (袍子), with sleeves that hang down to the knees, so the hands can’t be seen. 它们都有大而柔软的长袍，袖子垂到膝盖，所以手看不见。可知与描述相符的是A选项中的图片，故选A。
22.D【解析】细节理解题。根据文中As the government encourages the renaissance (复兴) of traditional culture, hanfu is getting more and more popular with the teenagers.可知，随着政府鼓励传统文化的复兴，汉服越来越受到青少年的欢迎。故选D。
23.D【解析】细节理解题。根据文中In modern China, the hanfu lovers are from history fans, cartoon fans to clothes fans.可知，在现代中国，汉服爱好者从历史迷、卡通迷到服装迷。故选D。
24.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据文中They all have large soft robes (袍子), with sleeves that hang down to the knees, so the hands can’t be seen. 他们都有大而柔软的长袍，……垂到膝盖，所以手看不见。可知，这里的sleeves指的是“袖子”，故选B。
25.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“Clothes are the basic part of culture, so both the traditional clothes and modern clothes play the same role in culture,” said Zhang Jun, a famous reporter. “If the people and the country do not even understand our traditional clothes or don’t wear them, how can we talk about other important parts of our culture?” 著名记者张军说：“服装是文化的基本组成部分，所以传统服装和现代服装在文化中起着同样的作用。如果人民和国家连我们的传统服装都不懂，或者不穿，我们怎么谈我们文化的其他重要部分呢？”可知，衣服能帮助我们更好地了解我们的文化，故选C。

(模拟题)
（2022-安徽·马鞍山二中实验学校模拟预测 ）
Even in early times, people could realize the importance of dreams and knew that dreams gave meaning to life. Every great achievement has been the result of years of dreaming. If a person has a dream and holds fast to it, he or she will find a way to make it come true.
Children do not have much experience or knowledge. However, they are natural dreamers. We should not laugh at them for being their naive. With their rich imagination, they will come up with fantastic dreams. History is full of examples. Many great men were dreamers when they were children. One such dreamer was Thomas Edison. He used to be ostracized（排斥 ）when he was in primary school
Teenagers and young people should also be encouraged to dream. The world is full of successful teenagers and young people. They dreamt big and their dreams changed their lives and even the world. Steve Jobs and Bill Gates are good examples. They have developed technology and brought great progress to humans besides making money for themselves.
Older people should believe that it is never too late to dream and that human mind is never too old to make dreams turn into reality. Colonel Sanders realized his dreams at the age of 67 and set up the biggest fried chicken company (KFC) in the world.
To dream is a wonderful ability which can lead to wonderful results. Olympic records were broken by players who were brave enough to dream. No one is too young or too old to dream and to make dreams come true.
1．People who ________ could probably realize their dreams.
A．find a way to dream B．get the meaning of life C．dream and hold fast to them
D．have very good school results
2．The underlined word "naive" in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A．逆反的 B．幼稚的 C．调皮的 D．冲动的
3．What does the example of Colonel Sanders show us?
A．Setting up a big company is a wonderful ability.
B．Developing technology can bring great progress.
C．Even older people can make their dreams come true.
D．People should be brave enough to dream when they are young.
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．C
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了我们都应该有梦想，只要我们有梦想，并且坚持自己的梦想，我们的梦想就会实现。作者在文章中给我们举了一些例子，不管是孩子、青少年、年轻人，还是老人，都可以实现自己的梦想。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“If a person has a dream and holds fast to it, he or she will find a way to make it come true.”可知，如果一个人有一个梦想并且坚持它,他或她会找到一个方法使它成真。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据“With their rich imagination, they will come up with fantastic dreams.”可知，凭借他们丰富的想象力，他们会产生奇妙的梦想。故这些人的想法是有些幼稚天真的，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Older people should believe that it is never too late to dream and that human mind is never too old to make dreams turn into reality.”可知，举出肯德基创始人的例子，是为了说明老年人应该相信多老实现梦想都不嫌晚。故选C。

（2022-山东·东营市垦利区教学研究室一模 ）
“Life’s a long, long journey,” so we are told, and most of us would not set off on a journey, even a short one, without some ideas of where we wanted to go. Yet many people travel on life’s journey with no sense of direction at all.
Setting personal goals can give your life a sense of direction. Goal setting is used by top sports players, successful business people and achievers in all fields. Before you set personal goals, think about what you want to achieve with your life.
Try to set goals in some of the following categories (类别):
Education—Will you achieve the educational goals after finishing high school? Are you still growing and learning?
Family—What kind of relationship do you want with your parents and other family members?
Creative—Do you want to achieve any artistic goals?
Career (职业)—What job do you want to take when you grow up? What do you need to make your dream come true?
Public Service—Do you want to make the world a better place?
Physical—Are you fit enough to do the things you want to do?
Pleasure—How do you want to enjoy yourself?
To help make the process more manageable, divide your goals into smaller tasks. For example, if you want to reach a main goal in five years, set a three-year goal, a one-year goal, a three-month goal and a one-month goal. Then create a daily To-Do List of things that you should do today. When a goal is achieved, take the time to enjoy your success. This helps you build the self-confidence.
Remember, your goals can be changed as time goes on. But be sure your goals are the things you hope to achieve, not what your parents, family or teachers want.
4．According to the passage, why should we set goals?
A．To have a better future. B．To enjoy pleasure in life.
C．To know where to have a journey. D．To give our life a sense of direction.
5．What should you consider when you set a family goal?
A．The education you want to get. B．The relationship with family members.
C．The job to support your family. D．The time you’ll spend reaching your goal.
6．What’s the best advice to achieve the main goal?
A．Building the self-confidence. B．Creating a daily To-Do List of things.
C．Dividing your goals into smaller tasks. D．Setting the time to achieve the main goal.
7．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Once you set your goals, they can’t be changed.
B．Not all the people can get success by setting goals.
C．Enjoying success in one goal can help you do better in the next one.
D．Your goals are the things you and your parents, families or teachers want.
8．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．A long journey. B．Goal setting for life.
C．The direction of life. D．Ways to achieve goals.
【答案】
4．D 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．B
【解析】本文作者阐述设定人生目的的意义，就如何实现人生目标给出一些建议。设定个人目标可以给我们的人生方向感。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Setting personal goals can give your life a sense of direction”可知，设定个人目标可以让你的生活有方向感。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“设定目标类别中” “Family-What kind of relationship do you want with your parents and other family members”可知，在设定家庭目标的时候，要考虑想与父母和其他家庭成员保持什么样的关系。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段“To help make the process more manageable, divide your goals into smaller tasks…Then create a daily To-Do List of things that you should do today”可知，为了完成一个主要的目标，应该把它分成几个小目标。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据第四段“When a goal is achieved, take the time to enjoy your success. This helps you build the self-confidence”可知，当一个目标实现时，花时间享受你的成功，这有助于你建立自信，这样可以帮助你在下一个目标中做得更好。故选C。
8．最佳标题题。本文作者阐述设定人生目的的意义，就如何实现人生目标给出一些建议。选项B“设定人生目标”符合文章主旨，作为标题最合适。故选B。

（2022-北京·101中学模拟预测 ）
A character in one of Shakespeare’s plays once said, “Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them.” Any of these could apply to the modern-day sportsmen. Many still argue about the nature of talent. Some claim that people are born to be sportsmen, while others say it is only through devotion and hard work that they achieve their abilities. Arguably though, it is not until their talents are recognized by the public that they truly have greatness fallen upon them.
With this acknowledgement of their “greatness” come all the trappings of modern-day celebrity: money, power, influence and responsibility. For better or for worse, like it or hate it, modern sportsmen are the role models of children everywhere. These children will grow up admiring their heroes, devoting their lives to copying their every move, and wanting above all to be like them. Due to this fascination, particularly with the great influence of the media, it is more important than ever for these sportsmen to shoulder their responsibility.
In the past few months alone, there have been many examples of questionable behaviors from sports icons. Sport stars of the present day are often mirroring the very worst aspects of society, a fact that the self-righteous (自以为是的) anger of the modern press has been quick to point out. It would be wrong for us to expect sportsmen to be saints. It would also be wrong for us to think that their behavior is clearly different from the sportsmen they grew up watching, but with the all-seeing eye of modern media, it is a different world, and different standards must be expected.
Of course, there is no duty for sportsmen to be good role models. There are no prison sentences, no fines, no community service—unless their behaviors are illegal. Unless they break the law, it is entirely up to them as to whether or not they think their behavior isproper. Furthermore, measuring the true influence their decisions have on their followers is absolutely impossible. Some will rise against their idols, seeing them in a new light and not accepting their actions. Others may copy their heroes’ actions, using them as a shield when accused of (控告) the same crimes.
It is undeniable that the actions of sportsmen will influence the lives of those who worship them. Modern-day sportsmen are almost ideals of today’s world, and their actions are watched carefully by millions all over the world. Some may complain against it, denying their influence on these children’s lives. Others may be aware of it but not respect it, while many may both be aware of it and respect it. In a word, you do not choose whether you are a role model. All you can do is to decide how to act when greatness is thrust upon you.
9．In Paragraph 1, the author tries to stress ________.
A．the core characteristic to become great sportsmen nowadays
B．sportsmen become great when their gifts are recognized by people
C．different ways for sportsmen to achieve success and greatness
D．sportsmen achieve greatness through their devotion and efforts
10．According to Paragraph 4, we can learn that ________.
A．role models usually have positive influence on their fans
B．sportsmen have the right to behave freely within the law
C．all the fans will follow their heroes’ actions
D．no duty is given to sportsmen
11．The underlined phrase “thrust upon” most probably means ________.
A．forced on B．removed from C．related to D．pulled off
12．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To advise the media to choose proper events to report.
B．To inform the public that sportsmen are no role models.
C．To argue that sportsmen should not be expected as heroes.
D．To remind the sportsmen of their social responsibilities.
【答案】
9．B 10．B 11．A 12．D
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍很多有名的运动员成为孩子的偶像，他们的言行对崇拜他们的人有很大影响，因此应注意自身的言行，履行社会责任。
9．推理判断题。根据“Arguably though, it is not until their talents are recognized by the public that they truly have greatness fallen upon them.”可知，直到他们的才能被公众认可，他们才真正拥有伟大。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据“Of course, there is no duty for sportsmen to be good role models. There are no prison sentences, no fines, no community service—unless their behaviors are illegal.”可知，运动员没有义务成为好榜样，没有监禁、没有罚款、没有社区服务，除非他们的行为是违法的。所以推测出运动员有在法律范围内自由行动的权利，故选B。
11．词句猜测题。分析“In a word, you do not choose whether you are a role model.”可知，你不能选择你是否成为一个榜样。结合“All you can do is to decide how to act when greatness is thrust upon you.”可知，你所能做的就是决定当你被强加伟大时该如何行动。此处thrust upon的意思是“强加于”，故选A。
12．写作意图题。本文介绍很多有名的运动员成为孩子的偶像，他们的言行对崇拜他们的人有很大影响，因此应注意自身的言行，履行社会责任。故选D。

（2022-河北·石家庄市第四十中学一模 ）
There is an old Spanish saying, “Tomorrow is often the busiest day of the week.” How many times have we put off our dreams until tomorrow? I’d say, “Too many.” Our dreams should not, and cannot wait. We have to go for them now! Here are the reasons.
Tomorrow is not promised.
Nobody likes to talk about death, but the reality is that everybody is going to die at one point. None of us know the day, or the hour. So today is all we have. Let’s make the decision to go for every dream, big or small right now. Unless you take the first step, your dreams will never come true.
You can dream about writing a great play, but it’s never going to happen unless you actually put the pen to paper. In other words, dreams don’t work unless you do. They require you to get your head out of the clouds, and actually do the work to make them come true. Get to it!
You can’t let fear win.
One of the biggest dream killers is fear. So many people could have achieved their dreams if they hadn’t been afraid. Just think about all the things you’ve wanted to do; don’t allow fear to convince (说服) you that you aren’t good enough. In the movie After Earth, Will Smith said, “Fear is not real. It is the product of thoughts you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very real. But fear is a choice.” Choose not to let fear stop you from-achieving your dreams. You’ll be much happier if you go for them.
Imagine how much happier you’ll be if you’re living the life you always dreamed about. The only thing that can stop you is yourself. Take control of your own happiness. Don’t keep your dreams waiting. Go for them today!
13．According to Paragraph 1, why do people say tomorrow is often the busiest day of the week?
A．Because tomorrow never ends.
B．Because people often put off what they should do today until tomorrow.
C．Because people often do what they should do right now.
D．Because our dreams can wait till tomorrow.
14．If July wants to be a great writer in the future, what should she do?
A．Keep thinking and never start writing. B．Be afraid of making mistakes.
C．Put the pen to paper and keep practicing. D．Keep the dream waiting.
15．What is the best title for this passage?
A．Your Dream Needs Your First Step B．Don’t Let Fear Stop You
C．Fear Is Not Real D．Don’t Keep Your Dream Waiting
【答案】
13．B 14．C 15．D
【解析】本文主要讲了我们要及时地去实现梦想，梦想不应该也经不起等待，并陈述了其中的原因。
13．细节理解题。根据“How many times have we put off our dreams until tomorrow?”和“Too many.”可知，我们经常把梦想拖延到明天，即今天要做的事拖延到明天才做。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据“You can dream about writing a great play, but it’s never going to happen unless you actually put the pen to paper. ”可知，如果你不动笔，就写不出好的剧本，也就是说要付出实际行动才能实现梦想。故选C。
15．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲了要实现梦想就要立刻采取行动，梦想经不起等待。故选D。
（2022-河北石家庄·一模 ）
Suppose that you have some free time to kill. There is an enjoyable short video to watch and an interesting 1,000-word article to read. You can only choose one of the two. Which one will you pick?
Perhaps the video will be your choice. Over the past few years, watching videos online has become a part of many people’s daily lives. The number of people who read long articles patiently has been cut down. Some people fear that videos will one day take the place of text. But in my opinion, this isn’t going to happen.
Videos can in fact help us learn new information more quickly. However, can they help us fully learn about the ancient world? Many historical stories were recorded using only texts. Only through the reading of these texts can we truly and fully learn about what happened during the ancient world and the knowledge people had got.
Short videos are a type of “instant culture”. They come into and leave our minds like flying cars. Often, we can’t help looking for the second video at once after we’ve finished watching one. But can we always remember and understand the contents (内容) of these videos? When we read a long article patiently, we often pay close attention to the contents. What’s more, texts allow us to use our imagination, while videos don’t.
In a word, videos might change the way people learn about the world and the way they make themselves happy, but texts will never be replaced. Texts are like immortal (不朽的) stars which shine from the past to the future.
16．Why does the writer think people will choose to watch a short video?
A．The 1,000-word article is not interesting at all.
B．Watching videos takes up too much time.
C．Fewer people can patiently read long articles.
D．Videos have taken the place of texts.
17．How can people fully learn about the ancient world according to the writer?
A．By reading texts. B．By using imagination.
C．By watching videos. D．By talking with old people.
18．What does the underlined word “instant” mean?
A．Slow. B．Quick. C．Small. D．Big.
19．What is the writer trying to do in the passage?
A．To give advice. B．To ask for help.
C．To express feelings. D．To show ideas.
20．Which of the following can be the best title?
A．Texts Will Never Be Replaced B．Texts—a Way to Learn about Past
C．Videos Are Enjoyable and Popular D．Videos—the Best to Kill Free Time
【答案】
16．C 17．A 18．B 19．D 20．A
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。 作者认为文本阅读不会被短视频所取代，一是因为文本阅读可以让我们更好地了解有关古代的事物，二是因为文本阅读会让我们更关注阅读的内容，除此之外，文本阅读还会激发我们的想象力。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The number of people who read long articles patiently has been cut down.”可知那些能耐着性子看长篇文章的读者数量锐减，这是作者对认为人们会选择看短视频作出的解释。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句“Only through the reading of these texts can we truly and fully learn about what happened during the ancient world and the knowledge people had got.”可知作者认为只有通过阅读这些文本，我们才能真正全面地了解古代世界发生的事情和人们所获得的知识。故选A。
18．猜测词义题。根据第四段第二句“They come into and leave our minds like flying cars. ”可知短视频就像飞驰的汽车，快速地进入我们的生活，又快速地离开，由此可见，这是一种“速食文化”。说明instant在此表示与“快速”相关的意思。故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据文章的篇章结构可知，第一、二段作者就短视频是否会取代文本阅读这一问题给出了否定的回答。第三、四段则分点对这一观点进行论述。第五段再次强调文本阅读终将不会被取代。由此可见，作者的写作目的就是为了表达看法或观点。故选D。
20．最佳标题题。根据文章第二段最后两句“Some people fear that videos will one day take the place of text. But in my opinion, this isn’t going to happen.”可知作者就短视频是否会取代文本阅读这一问题表达了自己的观点，即：文本阅读不会被短视频给取代。接下来的段落再分点论述支撑作者的这一观点。在最后一段，作者再次重申主题，认为文本阅读永远不会被取代，所以“Texts Will Never Be Replaced”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选A。