高考英语完形填空分类训练：现代技术类

这是一份高考英语完形填空分类训练：现代技术类，共27页。

完形填空
Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make ____1____ , manage their environment, and lead rather than ____2____ . Stephen Jackson, a Year One student, “operates under the theory of what’s mine is mine and what’s yours is mine,” says his mother. “The other day I bought two new Star Wars Lightsabers(光剑). Later, I saw Stephen with the two ____3____ ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones.”
“ ____4____ the extended family, and you’ll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every ____5____ . It’s an inheritable trait,” says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance ____6____ they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.
Whether it’s inborn nature or developed ____7____ at work, too much control in the hands of the young isn’t ____8____ for children or the family. Fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behavior, says family psychologist John Taylor. Children, he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakness” and “a desire to feel safe.” It’s the parents’ role to provide that ____9____ .
When a “bossy child” doesn’t learn limits at home, he is to face lots of troubles _____10_____ the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble _____11_____ teachers and coaches, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty _____12_____ as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways.
“I see more and more parents giving up their _____13_____ ,” says Barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. “They bend too far because they don’t want to be as _____14_____ as their own parents were. But they also feel less _____15_____ about their parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious.
1．A．attempt B．chances C．decisions D．money
2．A．change. B．guide C．instruct D．follow
3．A．old B．used C．small D．new
4．A．Examine B．View C．Look D．Notice
5．A．aspect B．generation C．place D．level
6．A．while B．even C．though D．when
7．A．character B．method C．means D．hobby
8．A．happy B．healthy C．harmful D．useful
9．A．weakness B．secret C．protection D．pressure
10．A．outside B．from C．upon D．inside
11．A．helping B．obeying C．objecting D．finding
12．A．excellent B．confident C．lonely D．proud
13．A．study B．decision C．interest D．power
14．A．helpful B．strict C．polite D．changeable
15．A．eager B．proud C．helpless D．confident
Talented people who want to create things often see their creativity fall into the “valley of death”. Why is that? Because only ____16____ is often not enough.
Take the ____17____ of Dr. Katalin Kariko, who is the inventor of a special mRNA which is now ____18____ all over the world to vaccinate (给……疫苗接种) people ____19____ the COVID-19. Forty years ago, Kariko, a hard-working and brilliant PhD student in Hungary, tried to ____20____ mRNA for antiviral therapy (抗病毒治疗). But the lab she was working at in Hungary ____21____ money. She had to stop her research work. Later she finally ____22____ it thanks to the following two encounters.
The first ____23____ encounter happened in 1998 at the University of Pennsylvania. There, Kariko ____24____ Dr. Drew Weissman, MD, a famous doctor. At that time, Weissman’s ____25____ was to develop a preventive HIV vaccine. As the result of this encounter, Weissman and Kariko started to ____26____ with each other. Kariko finally invented the mRNA, whose shortcomings were overcome ____27____ by their combined effort.
The second encounter was with Dr. Ugur Sahin, CEO of BioNTech. Kariko was invited by BioNTech to ____28____ a lecture in Mainz, Germany. Sahin was very impressed by her technique and her mRNA, ____29____ her to be a vice president in his company, and offered her a large research ____30____. We might not have today’s mRNA vaccines that have been so ____31____ in slowing down the COVID-19 pandemic without those two ____32____.
So ____33____ you want to create a successful invention like Dr. Kariko, ____34____ you need not only talent and effort, but also good relationships with others, which are ____35____ on trust and respect and very important to you.
16．A．quality B．measure C．research D．talent
17．A．example B．character C．fact D．theory
18．A．seen B．used C．noticed D．praised
19．A．turning down B．looking for C．fighting against D．working on
20．A．find B．adopt C．prepare D．develop
21．A．made use of B．ran out of C．took off D．gave off
22．A．began B．ensured C．made D．wondered
23．A．chance B．trick C．brief D．decision
24．A．called B．admired C．interviewed D．met
25．A．conclusion B．advice C．plan D．position
26．A．compare B．cooperate C．practice D．connect
27．A．successfully B．hardly C．accurately D．passively
28．A．write B．break C．deliver D．apply
29．A．promised B．employed C．forced D．refused
30．A．fund B．information C．degree D．advice
31．A．attractive B．relative C．creative D．effective
32．A．attempts B．appointments C．ideas D．encounters
33．A．unless B．if C．although D．until
34．A．slowly B．gradually C．doubtlessly D．luckily
35．A．built B．agreed C．focused D．fixed
The Internet is an amazing modern tool, creating new ways to shop, entertain, and amazing modern communication. But one of the most amazing things the Internet is doing right now is helping people to ___36___ their family histories.
While some Americans are ___37___ enough to know their family tree going back hundreds of years, most people only know of a generation ___38___ things get clear. However, new online services are ___39___ that for many people. The largest and most comprehensive of these services is called Ancestry. com.
Ancestry. com gives you access to all of the ___40___ you need on one comprehensive site. With more than one billion searchable records and thousands of new ones added daily, it's a ___41___ resource for your family history search. It ___42___ you where to start your search, how to ___43___ your family tree, and how to get past seemingly dead ends in your hunt for information.
The service also ___44___ an easy family-tree part so you can build and share your family tree with others. You can ____45____ access copies of many original records, ____46____ birth certificates and newspaper clippings(剪报). There are other interesting ____47____ records about your family. These can be downloaded and printed for scrapbooks, or even as ____48____ of original documents that you may have lost.
Another fun thing you can do using Ancestry. com is ____49____ old newspaper clippings from one or even ten years ago that ____50____ your family members. It gives you access to expert genealogists, who study the history of families and can ____51____ you if needed. It also contains a wealth of articles on special ____52____ such as researching African-American histories, military research, and more.
Ancestry. com offers subscription plans that are considerably lower than other ____53____ services offering this type of service. Best of all, Ancestry. com is now offering new customers a ____54____ one-day trial. You can begin searching your family tree right away and see the amazing amount of____55____ available through the service——all for free.
36．A．discover B．develop C．rewrite D．repeat
37．A．patient B．quick C．careful D．lucky
38．A．before B．after C．unless D．since
39．A．controlling B．continuing C．changing D．challenging
40．A．tools B．data C．experiences D．views
41．A．key B．natural C．fun D．common
42．A．requires B．shows C．promises D．reminds
43．A．find B．repair C．construct D．preserve
44．A．requires B．researches C．provides D．invests
45．A．already B．only C．instead D．also
46．A．in particular B．such as C．in addition to D．as well as
47．A．public B．private C．daily D．regular
48．A．improvements B．replacements C．explanations D．expressions
49．A．giving back B．asking for C．looking up D．writing down
50．A．mentioned B．recognized C．remembered D．supported
51．A．encourage B．help C．advise D．teach
52．A．accidents B．events C．problems D．topics
53．A．comprehensive B．basic C．online D．special
54．A．popular B．long C．different D．free
55．A．instructions B．evidence C．ways D．information
Disappointedly, my funny summer vacation was completely ruined last year by an advanced device: the iPad.
Instead of looking at nature, I ____56____ my e-mail．Instead of paddling an old boat，I ____57____ my Twitter feed. Instead of reading great novels, I stuck to reading four ____58____ each morning.
And that was the problem: I was acting ____59____ I were still in the office. My body was on vacation but my head wasn’t.
So this year I made up my mind to try something ____60____: getting away from the Internet. I knew it wouldn’t be easy, since I’m not good at self-control. But I was determined. I started by ____61____ the iPad to my wife. Then, a stroke of luck: The cell phone signal at our cabin was ____62____ than in the past, meaning that I couldn’t cheat. I was ____63____, forced to carry out my plan. Largely ____64____ from e-mail, Twitter and my favorite newspaper websites, I had little way to connect to the world ____65____ radio-and how much radio can one listen to, really? I had no ____66____ but to do what I had planned to do all along: read books.
This experience has had a ____67____ ending-for now, at least. With determination and the strong support of my wife, I succeeded in my vacation struggle ____68____ the Internet．I ____69____ realized that it was me, of course, not the iPad, that was the problem.
I knew I had ____70____ when we passed a Starbucks and my wife asked if I wanted to stop to use the Wi-Fi. “Don’t need it,” I said. ____71____, as we return to post-vacation situation, a test begins: Can I ____72____ when I’m back at work? And I don’t plan to ____73____ my convenience completely. But I hope to resist the temptation (诱惑) to check my e-mail every five minutes, ____74____ often leads to following my Twitter feed.
A vacation is supposed to help you reset your ____75____ to become more productive (高效的). Here’s hoping this one worked.
56．A．received B．wrote C．checked D．recognized
57．A．followed B．ignored C．organized D．founded
58．A．magazines B．newspapers C．journals D．letters
59．A．so that B．as if C．even though D．ever since
60．A．upset B．calm C．crazy D．different
61．A．sending B．handing C．destroying D．burying
62．A．better B．stronger C．less D．worse
63．A．shocked B．trapped C．defeated D．frightened
64．A．set off B．turn off C．put off D．cut off
65．A．more than B．rather than C．instead of D．except for
66．A．choice B．way C．means D．idea
67．A．meaningless B．hopeful C．happy D．peaceful
68．A．for B．against C．to D．in
69．A．entirely B．frequently C．gradually D．finally
70．A．won B．lost C．suffered D．recovered
71．A．Therefore B．However C．Otherwise D．Anyway
72．A．stop B．escape C．continue D．change
73．A．give up B．give in C．give off D．give away
74．A．that B．which C．when D．who
75．A．body B．heart C．brain D．thought
Who comes first?
A child’s place in the family birth order may play a role in the type of occupations that will interest him or her as an adult. new research suggests. In two related studies researchers found that only children—and to a certain extent first-born children - were more interested in intellectual careers than later-born children. ____76____ later-born children were more interested in both artistic and outdoor-related careers.
These results ____77____ theories that say our place in family birth order will influence our personality, said Frederick T. L. Leong, co-author of the study and professor of psychology at Ohio University. “Parents ____78____ place different demands and have different expectations of children depending on their birth order. ”
“For example, parents may be extremely ____79____ of only children and worry about their physical safety. That may be why only children are more likely to show interest in academic pursuits rather than physical or ____80____ activities. An only child will tend to get more time and attention from their parents than children with sisters or brothers. This will often make them feel special but the ____81____ is that they may suffer from jealousy and loneliness when friends discuss their brothers and sisters and family life. ”
The first-born is an only child until the second child comes along—transforming them from being the centre of attention, to then ____82____ the care of parents. Parents will also expect them to be responsible and “set an example”. The ____83____ from being the focus of a family may be quite a shock and so shape the first-born’s outlook on life. ____84____ first-borns may try to get back their parents’ attention and approval by achieving success in their careers. It is ____85____ that first-borns are significantly more often found as political leaders than any other birth-order position.
Being the youngest in the family can sometimes be a(n) ____86____ experience especially if the child wants to be taken seriously and treated like an adult. The last-born is more likely than the other birth-order positions to take up dangerous sports. This may be a(n) ____87____ of the last-born’s rebelliousness-a result of being fed up with always being bossed about by everyone else in the family.
Middle children, however, have different ____88____ . “Middle-child syndrome” can mean feeling ____89____ between two other “more important” people—an older brother or sister who gets all the rights and is treated like an adult and a younger one who gets all the privileges and is treated like a spoilt child. Middle-borns have to learn to get on with older and younger children and this may contribute to them becoming good negotiators —of all the birth-order positions they are most skillful at ____90____ both authority figures and those holding inferior positions
76．A．In addition B．In contrast C．To be frank D．To sum up
77．A．fit into B．turn over C．lead to D．serve as
78．A．sensibly B．initially C．typically D．patiently
79．A．confident B．demanding C．ashamed D．protective
80．A．outdoor B．unknown C．social D．relaxing
81．A．difference B．purpose C．disadvantage D．benefit
82．A．sharing B．keeping C．gaining D．wasting
83．A．feedback B．prevention C．relief D．change
84．A．However B．Therefore C．Besides D．Otherwise
85．A．confusing B．worthwhile C．true D．fine
86．A．exciting B．frustrating C．common D．invaluable
87．A．honour B．reward C．risk D．sign
88．A．achievements B．advantages C．hobbies D．issues
89．A．sandwiched B．connected C．distinguished D．stimulated
90．A．working out B．depending on C．dealing with D．looking after













参考答案：
1．C
2．D
3．D
4．A
5．B
6．D
7．A
8．B
9．C
10．A
11．B
12．C
13．D
14．B
15．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是议论文。文章主要讲述了究竟是什么导致了孩子专横的的行为，原来是父母对他们的放纵，对他们的要求不够严格，导致他们缺乏安全感。
1．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们有强烈的决策需求，管理他们的环境，领导而不是跟随。A. attempt尝试；B. chances机会；C. decisions决定；D. money钱。根据上文“Some children are natural-born bosses.”可知，一些孩子天生是专横跋扈的，因此推断他们有强烈的决策需求。故选C。
2．
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. change改变；B. guide引导；C. instruct指示；教授；D. follow跟随；效仿。根据上文“Some children are natural-born bosses.”可知，一些孩子天生是专横跋扈的，因此推断他们想要领导别人而不是跟随他人。故选D。
3．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，我看到斯蒂芬有两个新的，而他的兄弟在玩旧的。A. old老的；B. used用过的；C. small小的；D. new新的。根据上文“Stephen Jackson, a Year One student, “operates under the theory of what’s mine is mine and what’s yours is mine,” says his mother.( 斯蒂芬·杰克逊是一年级学生，他的母亲说:“他的理论就是我的就是我的，你的也是我的。”)”可推断，斯蒂芬是一个专横的孩子，因此当妈妈买了两个新的玩具光剑时，他都据为己有，而他的兄弟只能玩旧的。故选D。
4．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：审视整个大家庭，你可能会发现每一代都有一个专横的祖父母，阿姨，叔叔或者表兄弟。A. Examine检查，审查；B. View观看；C. Look看；D. Notice注意。根据下文“you’ll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin”可知，审视大家庭你会发现每一代都有专横的亲戚。故选A。
5．
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. aspect方面；B. generation世代；C. place地方；D. level水平。根据上文“It’s an inheritable trait(这是一种可遗传的特征)”可知，这些专横的祖父母，阿姨，叔叔，表兄弟出现在每一代中。故选B。
6．
考查连词词义辨析。句意：其他可能不那么专横的孩子，但当他们感觉到父母软弱、犹豫或彼此意见不一致时，他们就会逐渐获得主导权。A. while当……时候；B. even甚至；C. though尽管；D. when当……时候。根据句意此处用when引导时间状语从句，while引导时间状语从句，接延续性动作。故选D。
7．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论是天生的性格还是在工作中形成的性格，太多的控制权掌握在年轻人手中对孩子或家庭来说都不健康。A. character性格；B. method方法；C. means方式；D. hobby爱好。or表示选择，空处与上文的nature属于同一范畴的词汇，character与nature都表示“性格”，故选A。
8．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. happy快乐的；B. healthy健康的；C. harmful有害的；D. useful有用的。根据下文“Fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behavior”可知，恐惧是许多专横行为的根源，因此推断年轻人有太多的控制权是不健康的。故选B。
9．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：提供保护是父母的职责。A. weakness弱点；B. secret秘密；C. protection保护；D. pressure压力。根据上文“Children, he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakness” and “a desire to feel safe.”(他在《从反抗到合作》(From Defiance to Cooperation)一书中说，孩子们“暗地里有软弱的感觉”，“渴望获得安全感”。)”可知，孩子们实际上渴望安全感，因此推断父母应该提供保护。故选C。
10．
考查介词词义辨析。句意：当一个“专横的孩子”在家里不懂得限制时，他在家庭之外将面临许多麻烦。A. outside在外边；B. from从；C. upon在……上面；D. inside在里边。根据上文“When a “bossy child” doesn’t learn limits at home”和下文“trouble keeping friends”可知，一个专横的孩子在家里没有学会限制，在家庭外就会面对许多麻烦。故选A。
11．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，过于任性和不听话的孩子可能很难服从老师和教练，或者很难维持朋友关系。A. helping帮助；B. obeying遵守；C. objecting反对；D. finding发现。根据上文“he is to face lots of troubles”和下文“or trouble keeping friends”可知，过于任性和不听话的孩子很难服从老师和教练。故选B。
12．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为领头羊可能会很孤独，如果没有人喜欢你专横的方式。A. excellent极好的；B. confident自信的；C. lonely孤独的；D. proud自豪的。根据下文“if no one likes your bossy ways”可知，没有人喜欢你专横的方式，作为领头羊会感到孤单。故选C。
13．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到越来越多的父母放弃他们的权力。A. study学习；B. decision决定；C. interest兴趣；D. power权力。根据下文“They bend too far”可知，父母放弃了自己的权力。故选D。
14．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们太让步了，因为他们不想像自己的父母那样严格。A. helpful有好处的；B. strict严格的；C. polite礼貌的；D. changeable可改变的。根据上文“They bend too far”可知，父母让步很多，不想自己像他们的父母那么严格。故选B。
15．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他们对自己的育儿技巧也缺乏信心。A. eager渴望的；B. proud骄傲的；C. helpless无助的；D. confident自信的。根据上文“They bend too far”和下文“Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious”可推断，父母让步很多，也对自己的育儿技巧缺乏信心，从而让孩子们更焦虑。故选D。
16．D
17．A
18．B
19．C
20．D
21．B
22．C
23．A
24．D
25．C
26．B
27．A
28．C
29．B
30．A
31．D
32．D
33．B
34．C
35．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了卡里科博士发明的用于为抗击COVID-19疫情的疫苗，以及如果你想要像卡里科博士那样创造出一项成功的发明，毫无疑问，你不仅需要天赋和努力，还需要与他人建立良好的关系，这是建立在信任和尊重的基础上的，十分重要。
16．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是为什么呢？因为只有才华往往是不够的。A. quality 质量，品质；B. measure方法，手段；C. research研究；D. talent天资。由前面“Talented people”可知，此处为只有才华往往是不够的，与前文呼应。故选D。
17．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：以卡塔林·卡里科博士为例，他发明了一种特殊的 mRNA ，这种 mRNA 现在被世界各地用于为抗击COVID-19的人们接种疫苗。A. example例子；B. character性格，角色；C. fact事实；D. theory理论。由前文的“Why is that？”以及空后举的例子who is the inventor of a special mRNA（是这种特殊mRNA的发明者）可知，此处为以Katalin Kariko博士为例。故选A。
18．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：以卡塔林·卡里科博士为例，他发明了一种特殊的 mRNA ，这种 mRNA 现在被世界各地用于为抗击COVID-19的人们接种疫苗。A. seen视为，当做；B. used使用；C. noticed注意；D. praised实践，练习。由后面to vaccinate people（使人接种疫苗）可知，此处为现在被世界各地用于抗击COVID-19。故选B。
19．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：以卡塔林·卡里科博士为例，他发明了一种特殊的 mRNA ，这种 mRNA 现在被世界各地用于为抗击COVID-19的人们接种疫苗。A.turning down减小，关小，调低；拒绝；B. looking for寻找；C. fighting against对抗；D. working on执行。根据上文all over the world to vaccinate people(为全世界的人们接种疫苗）可知，这种 mRNA 现在被世界各地用于为抗击COVID-19的人们接种疫苗。故选C。
20．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：40年前，卡里科是匈牙利一名勤奋而聪明的博士生，她试图开发用于抗病毒治疗的mRNA 。A. find发现；B. adopt收养，接纳；C. prepare准备；D. develop开发，发展。由后面的for antiviral therapy（抗病毒治疗）可知，此处为她试图开发用于抗病毒治疗的mRNA。故选D。
21．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但她在匈牙利工作的实验室没钱了。A. made use of利用；B. ran out of用完；C. took off起飞，脱下；D. gave off散发。由前文开发抗病毒治疗的mRNA以及but…money，由此转折可知，此处为在实验室没钱了。故选B。
22．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，由于以下两次相遇，她终于成功了。A. began开始；B. ensured确保；C. made做到；D. wondered想知道。由thanks to the following two encounters(归功于两次相遇)可知，此处为由于以下两次相遇，她终于成功了。故选C。
23．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一次偶然的邂逅发生在1998年的宾夕法尼亚大学。A. chance偶然的；B. sudden突然的；C. brief简洁的；D. active活跃的。由句意以及encounter可知，此处为第一次偶然的邂逅发生……。故选A。
24．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，卡里科遇到了德鲁·魏斯曼医生，医学博士，一位著名的医生。A. called称为；B. admired欣赏；C. interviewed面试，采访；D. met遇到。由前文The first ________ encounter happened in 1998（第一次邂逅发生在1998年）可知，此处为相遇，和前面呼应。故选D。
25．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时，魏斯曼的计划是开发一种预防性艾滋病毒疫苗。A. conclusion结论；B. advice建议；C. plan计划；D. position位置。由句意以及to develop a preventive HIV vaccine.（发明一种可预防艾滋病毒的疫苗）可知，此处开发一种预防性艾滋病毒疫苗是魏斯曼的计划。故选C。
26．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次会面的结果是，韦斯曼和卡里科开始相互合作。A. compare比较；B. cooperate合作；C. practice练习；D. connect连接。由后面by their combined effort(通过他们的共同努力)可知，此处为韦斯曼和卡里科开始相互合作。故选B。
27．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：卡里科最终发明了mRNA，在他们的共同努力下，mRNA的缺点被成功克服。A. successfully成功地；B. hardly几乎不；C. accurately准确地；D. passively被动地。由。由whose shortcomings were overcome(缺点被克服)可知，此处为mRNA的缺点被成功克服。故选A。
28．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡里科受BioNTech邀请在德国美因茨做讲座。A. write 写；B. interrupt打断；C. deliver发表，分发；D. apply申请，应用。根据“a lecture”可知，此处是固定短语deliver a lecture(做讲座，发表讲座)，此处为在德国美因茨做讲座。故选C。
29．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：沙欣对她的技术和mRNA印象深刻，雇用她为他的公司的副总裁，并提供她一大笔研究基金。A. promised承诺；B. employed雇佣；C. forced迫使；D. refused拒绝。由句意以及Sahin was very impressed by her technique（Sahin对她的技术印象深刻），空格处和and offered a large research（并提供了一项大型的研究）三者的并列关系可知，此处为雇用她为他的公司的副总裁。故选B。
30．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：沙欣对她的技术和mRNA印象深刻，雇用她为他的公司的副总裁，并提供她一大笔研究基金。A. fund基金；B. information信息；C. degree程度，学位；D. advice建议。根据上文But the lab she was working at in Hungary _______ money（但是她所在的研究室钱快要用光了）以及动词offered可知，此处为提供她一大笔研究基金。故选A。
31．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果没有这两次邂逅，我们可能就不会有今天如此有效地减缓COVID-19疫情的mRNA疫苗。A. attractive吸引人的；B. relative相对的；C. creative 有创造力的；D. effective有效的。由句意以及in slowing down the COVID-19 pandemic(减缓COVID-19疫情)可知，此处应为如此有效地减缓COVID-19疫情的mRNA疫苗。故选D。
32．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有这两次邂逅，我们可能就不会有今天如此有效地减缓COVID-19疫情的mRNA疫苗。A. attempts尝试；B. appointments约定；C. ideas主意；D. encounters邂逅。由句意以及前文thanks to the following two encounters（感谢那两次相遇）可知，此处为没有这两次邂逅的话就不会有减缓COVID-19疫情的疫苗，上下文呼应。故选D。
33．
考查连词词义辨析。句意：所以，如果你想要像卡里科博士那样创造出一项成功的发明。A. unless除非；B. if如果；C. when当……时候；D. as......时候。由句意以及和后面的逻辑关系可知，后文中you need not only talent and effort, but also good relationships with others（你不仅需要天赋和努力，还需要良好的人际关系）是前文中 create a successful invention（创造一个成功的发明）的前提条件。此处为条件句，和下文构成“如果……那么……”的关系。故选B。
34．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，你不仅需要天赋和努力。A. slowly慢慢地；B. gradually渐渐地；C. doubtlessly毫无疑问地；D. luckily幸运地。后文提到you need not only talent and effort, but also good relationships with others（你不仅需要天赋和努力，还需要良好的人际关系），这两点是取得成功的关键，因此是“毫无疑问地”。故选C。
35．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：还需要与他人建立良好的关系，这是建立在信任和尊重的基础上的，这对你非常重要。A. built建立；B. agreed赞同；C. focused关注；D. fixed修理。由前面good relationships with others(和他人良好的关系)可知，此处关系的建立在在信任和尊重的基础上。故选A。
36．A
37．D
38．A
39．C
40．B
41．A
42．B
43．C
44．C
45．D
46．B
47．A
48．B
49．C
50．A
51．B
52．D
53．C
54．D
55．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍互联网的强大。互联网可以构建一个家庭的族谱，方便人们找到自己的亲人。
36．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但互联网现在做的最神奇的事情之一是帮助人们发现他们的家庭历史。A. discover发现；B. develop开发；C. rewrite改写；D. repeat重复。根据“their family histories.”可知，互联网可以帮助人们发现他们的家庭历史。故选A。
37．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然一些美国人足够幸运，知道他们的家谱可以追溯到几百年前，但大多数人只知道一代人，直到事情变得清楚。A. patient有耐心的；B. quick迅速的；C. careful仔细的；D. lucky幸运的。根据“to know their family tree going back hundreds of years, most people only know of a generation ___3___ things get clear.”可知，知道了他们的家谱可以追溯到几百年前，显然是幸运的。故选D。
38．
考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然一些美国人足够幸运，知道他们的家谱可以追溯到几百年前，但大多数人只知道一代人，直到事情变得清楚。A .before在……之前；B. after在……之后；C. unless除非；D. since因为。根据“things get clear.”可知，大多数人只知道他们上一代人的事情，即事情弄清楚之前的一代人。故选A。
39．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，新的在线服务正在改变许多人的这种状况。A. controlling控制；B. continuing继续；C. changing变化；D. challenging要求。根据“The largest and most comprehensive of these services is called Ancestry. com.”和下文可知，对许多人来说，新的线上网络服务正在改变。故选C。
40．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ancestry. com使您可以在一个全面的网站上访问所需的所有数据。A. tools工具；B. data数据；C. experiences经历；D. views见解。根据“you need on one comprehensive site.”可知，Ancestry. com可以访问一个综合站点上所拥有的所有数据。故选B。
41．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有超过10亿的可搜索记录和数以千计的新添加的每天，它是一个关键的资源，您的家族历史搜索。A. key关键；B. natural自然；C. fun乐趣；D. common普通。根据“With more than one billion searchable records and thousands of new ones added daily,”可知，这些网络资源，是家庭历史搜索的关键资源。故选A。
42．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它会告诉你从哪里开始你的搜索，如何构建你的族谱，以及如何在你寻找信息的过程中穿过看似死胡同。A. requires需要；B. shows 展示；C. promises诺言；D. reminds提醒。根据“where to start your search,”可知，它向你展示了，你的家族是在哪里开始的。故选B。
43．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它会告诉你从哪里开始你的搜索，如何构建你的族谱，以及如何在你寻找信息的过程中穿过看似死胡同。A. find查找；B. repair修理；C. construct建造；D. preserve保护。根据后文内容可知，此处是讲述如何构建你的家谱。故选C。
44．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该服务还提供了一个简单的家谱部分，这样您就可以构建并与他人共享您的家谱。A. required必需；B. researches研究；C. provides提供；D. invests投资。根据“an easy family-tree part so you can build and share your family tree with others.”可知，该服务还提供了一个简单的家庭树部分。故选C。
45．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：您还可以访问许多原始记录的副本，例如出生证明和剪报。A. already已经；B. only唯一；C. instead代替；D. also也。根据“access copies of many original records,”可知，你也可以访问许多原始记录的副本。故选D。
46．
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：您还可以访问许多原始记录的副本，例如出生证明和剪报。A. in particular此外；B. for example例如；C. in addition to除……之外；D. as well as也。根据“birth certificates and newspaper clippings(剪报).”可知，我们可以访问一些资料，例如出生证明和剪报。故选B。
47．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：还有其他关于你家庭的有趣的记录。A. public公众的；B. private私人的；C. daily日常的；D. regular定期的。根据“These can be downloaded and printed for scrapbooks, or even as ___13___ of original documents that you may have lost.”可知，关于你的家庭还有其他有趣的公开记录。故选A。
48．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些文件可以下载并打印成剪贴簿，甚至可以替换你丢失的原始文件。A. improvements提高；B. replacements替代；C. explanations解释；D. expressions表情。根据“that you may have lost.”可知，或者甚至是你可能丢失的原始文件的替代品。故选B。
49．
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你可以用Ancestry. com做的另一件有趣的事情是查找一年前甚至十年前提到你的家庭成员的旧剪报。A. giving back归还；B. asking for请求；C. looking up查询；D. writing down写下。根据“old newspaper clippings from one or even ten years ago”可知，本网站甚至是可以查找你可能丢失的原始文件。故选C。
50．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以用Ancestry. com做的另一件有趣的事情是查找一年前甚至十年前提到你的家庭成员的旧剪报。A. mentioned提到；B. recognized公认；C. remembered记得；D. supported支持。根据“your family members.”可知，可以一直找到十年前提到过的你的家庭成员。故选A。
51．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它让你接触到专家系谱学家，他们研究家族史，如果需要的话可以帮助你。A. encourage鼓励；B. help帮助；C. advise建议；D. teach教导。根据“if needed.”可知，如果有需要，那些会研究家庭历史的专家，可以帮助你。故选B。
52．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它还包含大量关于特殊主题的文章，如研究非洲裔美国人历史、军事研究等。A. accidents事故；B. events事件；C. problems问题；D. topics主题。根据“such as researching African-American histories, military research, and more.”可知，网站上还包含了大量关于特殊主题的文章，比如研究非裔美国人的历史。故选D。
53．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ancestry. com提供的订阅计划比其他提供这类服务的基本服务要低得多。A. comprehensive综合的；B. basic基本的；B. online联机的；D. special特别。根据“offering this type of service.”可知，本网站会提供这种类型的联机在线服务。故选C。
54．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ancestry. com现在为新客户提供一天的免费试用。A. popular流行的；B. long长的；C. different不同的；D. free免费的。根据“all for free.”可知，现在为新客户提供为期一天的免费试用服务。故选D。
55．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以马上开始搜索你的家谱，并看到通过这项服务可以获得的惊人数量的信息——所有这些都是免费的。A. instructions说明；B. evidence证明；C. ways方法；D. information资料；信息。根据“You can begin searching your family tree right away”可知，通过这项服务提供的资料信息——都是免费的。故选D。
56．C
57．A
58．B
59．B
60．D
61．B
62．D
63．B
64．D
65．D
66．A
67．C
68．B
69．D
70．A
71．B
72．C
73．A
74．B
75．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去年在旅行中因为离不开网络而失去旅行的意义，所以他今年决定在旅行中远离网络，而在这个过程中他感悟很多。
56．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有去看自然，而是查看电子邮件。A. received收到；B. wrote书写；C. checked核查；D. recognized识别。结合句中的my e-mail可知，作者不是在欣赏大自然，而是在不断地检查（checked）自己的电子邮件。倒数第二段最后一句中的“check my e-mail every five minutes”也是信息提示。故选C。
57．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我关注我的推特，而不是划着一条旧船。A. followed跟着；B. ignored忽略；C. organized组织；D. founded成立。根据语境和句中的“ my twitter feed”可知，作者在不断地关注着（followed）自己的推特的内容。倒数第二段中的“following my Twitter feed”是信息提示。故选A。
58．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坚持每天早上读四份报纸，而不是读伟大的小说。A. magazines杂志；B. newspapers报纸；C. journals日志；D. letters信件。根据句中的“Instead of reading great novels”和each morning可知，作者在浏览网上的报纸（newspapers）。下文中的“my favorite newspaper websites”是信息提示。故选B。
59．
考查连词词义辨析。句意：这就是问题所在：我表现得好像我还在办公室里。A. so that为了；B. as if好像；C. even though尽管；D. ever since自从。根据句中的“I were still in the office”可知，这是说“仿佛我仍然在办公室里”。故选B。
60．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以今年我决定尝试一些不同的东西：远离互联网。A. upset沮丧的；B. calm平静的；C. crazy疯狂的；D. different不同的。本句话中的“getting away from the Internet”和第二段所描述的正好相反。故选different“不同的”。故选D。
61．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我先把iPad递给我妻子。A. sending发送；B. handing传递，交给；C. destroying破坏；D. burying埋葬。根据句中的“the iPad to my wife”可知，既然作者已经下定了决心，就将iPad上交了。故选B。
62．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，幸运的是：我们小屋的手机信号比以前更差了，这意味着我不能作弊了。A. better更好；B. stronger更强；C. less更少；D. worse更坏。根据句中的“a stroke of luck”可知，正好房子里的信号比较不好，所以作者不可能作弊。故选D。
63．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我被困住了，被迫执行我的计划。A. shocked惊讶的；B. trapped被困的；C. defeated被打败的；D. frightened害怕的；根据句中的“I was trapped in a small circle”可知，作者局限于这样的小范围中，并且被强迫实施自己的计划。故选B。
64．
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：很大程度上与电子邮件、Twitter和我最喜欢的报纸网站隔绝，除了收音机，我几乎没有办法与世界相连——而一个人到底能听多少收音机呢？A. set off出发；B. turned off关闭；C. put off推迟；D. cut off切断。结合上文可知，作者已经下定决心远离网络而且上交了iPad，所以等于与网络世界隔绝。cut...off“使……与外界隔绝”，符合语境。故选D。
65．
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：很大程度上与电子邮件、Twitter和我最喜欢的报纸网站隔绝，除了收音机，我几乎没有办法与世界相连——而一个人到底能听多少收音机呢？A. more than超过；B. rather than而不是；C. instead of而不是；D. except for除了。根据上文可知，作者与电子邮件、Twitter和我最喜欢的报纸网站隔绝，除了收音机，几乎没有办法与世界相连，except for“除了……没有”符合语境。故选D。
66．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我别无选择，只能做我一直计划做的事：读书。A. choice选择；B. way方法，道路；C. means方式；D. idea想法。根据本句中的but to do可知，作者没有了别的选择（choice），只能读书了。故选A。
67．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这段经历有一个美好的结局——至少现在是这样。A. meaningless无意义的；B. hopeful有希望的；C. happy快乐的；D. peaceful 和平的。根据下文中的“I succeeded in my vacation”可知，作者的尝试有了可喜的结果。故选C。
68．
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在我的决心和妻子的大力支持下，我成功地在假期中与互联网进行了斗争。A. for支持；B. against反对；C. to对于；D. in在里面。结合第四段第一句话中的“getting away from the Internet”可知，作者成功抵制了网络。故选B。
69．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我终于意识到问题出在我自己身上，而不是iPad。A. entirely完全；B. frequently经常；C. gradually逐渐；D. finally最后。根据句中的“it was me, of course, not the iPad”可知，这是作者最终（finally）意识到的。故选D。
70．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们经过一家星巴克时，我的妻子问我是否想停下来用无线网，我知道我赢了。A. won赢得；B. lost丢失；C. suffered遭受；D. recovered恢复。根据下一句话中的“Don't need it”可知，作者已经战胜了（won）网络对自己的诱感。故选A。
71．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们回到假期后的情况，一个测试开始了：当我回到工作时，我可以继续吗？A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Besides此外。根据下文中的“a test begins”可知，但是紧接着又出现了对作者的考验，空处表示转折，故选B。
72．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们回到假期后的情况，一个测试开始了：当我回到工作时，我可以继续吗？A. stop停止；B. escape逃离；C. continue继续；D. change改变。根据句中的“when I'm back at work”可知，作者质疑自己在上班之后是否能继续（continue）做到这一点。故选C。
73．
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我不打算完全放弃我的便利。A. give up放弃；B. give in屈服；C. give off发出；D. give away赠送。根据空后的“But I hope to…the temptation（诱惑）”可知，虽然作者并不打算将其完全放弃（give up），但是希望抵抗（resist）网络的诱惑。故选A。
74．
考查连词词义辨析。句意：但我希望能抵制住每五分钟查看一次电子邮件的诱惑，因为这通常会导致我关注我的Twitter动态。A.that那个； B.which哪个； C.when什么时候； D.who谁。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句缺少主语，应用which引导。故选B。
75．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：度假应该能帮助你重置大脑，让它变得更有效率。A. body身体；B. heart心脏；C. brain大脑；D. thought想法。根据语境可知，此处应是大脑变得更加高效。第三段中的“but my head wasn't”也是提示。故选C。
76．B
77．A
78．C
79．D
80．A
81．C
82．A
83．D
84．B
85．C
86．B
87．D
88．D
89．A
90．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了家中不同顺序出生的孩子所具有的一些特点、存在的问题以及对他们将来的影响。
76．
考查介词短语辨析。句意：相比之下，晚出生的孩子对艺术和户外相关的职业更感兴趣。A. In addition此外；B. In contrast比较起来；C. To be frank说实话；D. To sum up总之。结合上文“In two related studies researchers found that only children—and to a certain extent first-born children — were more interested in intellectual careers than later-born children.(在两项相关的研究中，研究人员发现，独生子女——在一定程度上是长子——比后生的孩子对智力事业更感兴趣)”可知此处是在将长子或独生子女与晚出生的孩子进行对比，故选B。
77．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：该研究的合著者、俄亥俄大学心理学教授Frederick T. L. Leong说，这些结果符合我们在家庭出生顺序中的位置会影响我们的性格的理论。A. fit into适合，符合；B. turn over翻转；C. lead to导致；D. serve as担任。根据后文“theories that say our place in family birth order will influence our personality”指研究结果符合性格理论，故选A。
78．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：根据孩子的出生顺序，父母通常会对孩子提出不同的要求和期望。A. sensibly明显地；B. initially首先；C. typically典型地，通常；D. patiently耐心地。根据后文“place different demands and have different expectations of children depending on their birth order.”指根据孩子的出生顺序，父母通常会对孩子提出不同的要求和期望。故选C。
79．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，父母可能非常保护独生子女，担心他们的人身安全。A. confident自信的；B. demanding苛刻的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. protective保护的。根据后文“of only children and worry about their physical safety”可知，父母可能非常保护独生子女，担心他们的人身安全。故选D。
80．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这可能就是为什么独生子女更有可能对学业表现出兴趣，而不是体育或户外活动。A. outdoor户外的；B. unknown未知的；C. social社会的；D. relaxing令人放松的。根据上文“That may be why only children are more likely to show interest in academic pursuits rather than physical or”可知，独生子女更有可能对学业表现出兴趣，而不是体育或户外活动。故选A。
81．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这通常会让他们感到特别，但缺点是，当朋友谈论他们的兄弟姐妹和家庭生活时，他们可能会遭受嫉妒和孤独。A. difference差异；B. purpose目的；C. disadvantage缺点；D. benefit利益。后文“is that they may suffer from jealousy and loneliness when friends discuss their brothers and sisters and family life”提到遭到极度和孤独是缺点，故选C。
82．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一个孩子在第二个孩子出生之前都是独生子女的，这让他们从焦点转变分享父母的关心。A. sharing分享；B. keeping保持；C. gaining获得；D. wasting浪费。根据上文“The first-born is an only child until the second child comes along—transforming them from being the centre of attention, to then”可知，第一个孩子在第二个孩子出生之前都是独生子女的，这让他们从焦点转变分享父母的关心。故选A。
83．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从成为家庭焦点的转变可能是一个相当大的冲击，因此塑造了第一个孩子的人生观。A. feedback反馈；B. prevention防止；C. relief安慰；D. change改变。根据后文“from being the focus of a family may be quite a shock and so shape the first-born’s outlook on life”可知，第一个孩子逐渐变得不是家庭的焦点了，这是一种改变，故选D。
84．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，长子长女可能试图通过在事业上取得成功来重新获得父母的关注和认可。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Besides此外；D. Otherwise否则。结合前后文可知为因果关系，应用therefore。故选B。
85．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：的确，长子长女作为政治领导人的比例明显高于其他任何出生顺序的职位。A. confusing令人费解的；B. worthwhile值得的；C. true真实的；D. fine好的。后文“that first-borns are significantly more often found as political leaders than any other birth-order position.(长子长女作为政治领导人的比例明显高于其他任何出生顺序的职位)”是客观事实，真实存在，故选C。
86．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在家里做最小的孩子有时是一种令人沮丧的经历，特别是如果孩子想要被认真对待，像成年人一样对待。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. frustrating令人沮丧的；C. common共同的；D. invaluable极宝贵的。根据后文“experience especially if the child wants to be taken seriously and treated like an adult”可知家里最小的孩子无法被当成成年人对待，这是令人沮丧。故选B。
87．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能是最后出生的孩子叛逆的一个迹象——这是受够了家里所有人对他发号施令的结果。A. honour荣誉；B. reward奖励；C. risk风险；D. sign标志，迹象。根据上文“The last-born is more likely than the other birth-order positions to take up dangerous sports.(最后出生的孩子比其他出生顺序的孩子更有可能从事危险的运动)”可知，这可能是最后出生的孩子叛逆的一个迹象，故选D。
88．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，中间儿童有不同的问题。A. achievements成就；B. advantages优点；C. hobbies爱好；D. issues问题。结合后文“Middle-child syndrome”可知，家中中间出生的孩子所存在的问题，故选D。
89．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“排行中间的孩子综合症”可能意味着感觉自己夹在另外两个“更重要”的人中间——一个哥哥或姐姐拥有所有的权利，被当作成年人对待，而一个弟弟或妹妹拥有所有的特权，被当作被宠坏的孩子对待。A. sandwiched夹在中间；B. connected连接；C. distinguished区别；D. stimulated刺激。根据后文“between two other “more important” people—an older brother or sister who gets all the rights and is treated like an adult and a younger one who gets all the privileges”可知中间出生的孩子被夹在中间了，故选A。
90．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：中间出生的孩子必须学会与年长和年幼的孩子相处，这可能有助于他们成为优秀的谈判者——在所有出生顺序中，他们最擅长与权威人物和地位较低的人打交道。A. working out解决；B. depending on取决于；C. dealing with处理；D. looking after照顾。根据上文“this may contribute to them becoming good negotiators”可知，中间出生的孩子必须学会与年长和年幼的孩子相处，这可能有助于他们成为优秀的谈判者——在所有出生顺序中，他们最擅长与权威人物和地位较低的人打交道。故选C。