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2021抚顺四方高级中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题含解析
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这是一份2021抚顺四方高级中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
四方高中2020-2021下学期高二期中考试
英语试卷
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
My Favourite Books
Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.
Matilda
Roald Dahl
I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda’s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but they’re also aspirational.
After Dark
Haruki Murakami
It’s about two sisters—Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people” who are hiding secrets.
Gone Girl
Gillian Fynn
There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. There’s tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It’s a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what’s going on is horribly enjoyable.
The Stand
Stephen King
This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world’s population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.
1. Who does “I” refer to in the text?
A. Stephen King. B. Gillian Flynn.
C. Jo Usmar. D. Roald Dahl.
2. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?
A. Cosmopolitan. B. Matilda.
C. After Dark. D. The Stand.
3. What kind of book is Gone Girl?
A. A folk tale. B. A biography.
C. A love story. D. A horror story.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了作家Jo Usmar选出的四本好书。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.可知，下文介绍作家Jo Usmar选出的最好的读物，所以下文中的“I”指的是Jo Usmar。故C选项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据After Dark中It’s about two sister—Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student.可知，故事讲的是两个姐妹——Eri是一个要么不睡，要么一觉不醒的模特，玛丽，是一个年轻学生。所以After Dark中讲述了Eri和Mari的故事。故C选项正确。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由Gone Girl中的...but the horror story is brilliant.可知，这是一个恐怖故事。故D选项正确。
B
Nowadays, many of us spend about 10 hours a day in front of a Computer or other electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. The result is that our Brain easily feels tired. We need to give the brain a rest, but how?
David Strayer is a professor of psychology at the University of Utah. He claims that camping may be just what a tech-tired brain needs. His argument finds strong support from Carl and Kate, two experienced campers. Carl, who works for a mobile phone company, says that being outdoors makes him feel relaxed. It also prepares him for the work he must do. "Camping gives us a chance to be in touch with nature and it's very relaxing. When you return to work on Monday, you're in a better state of mind. I really like the way I feel on Monday. Kate is a senior editor. She says camping brings her some peace she couldn't have otherwise. She even finds herself more creative.
David Strayer explains that camping allows close contact with nature and being in nature calms the brain and helps it to focus. When people go camping, they need to learn about animals and natural environments; they have to deal with the weather, learn to stay dry in the rain or warm in the snow and have to keep the feet in good condition when hiking and walking.
Some might say that taking a long walk in the woods or by the ocean or in a city park is wonderful, too. But camping requires that one spend more time in nature and it can test him in different ways. And it brings more health benefit as well.
4. What is the result of using electronic devices too much?
A. We will waste time. B. Our brain will feel tired.
C. Our study will be influenced. D. Our brain will be refreshed.
5. How does Carl feel after camping?
A. Warm B. Calm
C. Relaxed D. Peaceful
6. Why does the author take Carl and Kate as examples?
A. To share a good camping site. B. To share their work experiences.
C. To show their interest in camping. D. To show advantages of camping
7. Which of the following is the benefit of camping?
A. It helps protect the environment. B. It helps us learn more about nature.
C. It teaches us to keep warm in the rain. D. It teaches us to avoid difficult situations.
8. What is the author’s attitude towards camping?
A. Positive. B. Negative.
C. Uninterested. D. Doubtful.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。过度使用电子设备的后果是我们的大脑会感到疲劳。作者通过卡尔和凯特为例展示了露营的好处。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中The result is that our Brain easily feels tired.可知，过度使用电子设备后果是我们的大脑会感到疲劳。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中says that being outdoors makes him feel relaxed.可知，露营后卡尔感到放松。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中He claims that camping may be just what a tech-tired brain needs. His argument finds strong support from Carl and Kate, two experienced campers.可知，作者之所以以卡尔和凯特为例主要是为了展示露营的好处。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句David Strayer explains that camping allows close contact with nature and being in nature calms the brain and helps it to focus.可知，露营的好处是它帮助我们更多地了解自然。故选B。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Some might say that taking a long walk in the woods or by the ocean or in a city park is wonderful, too. But camping requires that one spend more time in nature and it can test him in different ways. And it brings more health benefit as well.可知，作者对露营的态度是“积极的”。故选A。
【点睛】在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题 。该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。本题第4小题，根据第三段第一句David Strayer explains that camping allows close contact with nature and being in nature calms the brain and helps it to focus.可知，露营的好处是它帮助我们更多地了解自然。故选B。
C
William Shakespeare was the greatest writer in the English language and is known around the world. But how much do you really know about him?
Shakespeare was born in Stratford upon Avon, located in central England, in 1564. At age 18, he married Anne Hathaway and they had three children. Then Shakespeare went to London to work as an actor and writer. In 1599，the Globe Theatre was built in London. It was in this theatre that some of Shakespeare's plays were first performed. In 1613. the theatre was destroyed by a fire. However. a modern reconstruction of the theatre was built near the original site in 1997, so even today you can go to the Globe Theatre to see one of Shakespeare's plays.
His surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets and some other poems. He is best known for his plays. which have been translated into every major language and are performed more than those of any other playwright (剧作家) in the world. Shakespeare's works remain very popular. But why do we like these old plays? Perhaps it is because they all contain fantastic stories. His characters suffer bloody battles, deaths by poison, and dramatic family battles. His plays are full of exciting storylines and lessons about morality.
Hamlet, for example, is about revenge (复仇) and also about how difficult it is to take action sometimes, even when it is important to do so. Hamlet's father is murdered by another man, who then marries Hamlet's mother, Everybody wants to see Hamlet dead. Hamlet must take revenge. but will he be able to? The famous quote“To be or not to be, that is the question" comes from this play.
9. How is Paragraph 2 organized?
A. In order of time. B. In order of location.
C. In order of importance. D. In order of preference.
10. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about Shakespeare's__________.
A. poems B. characters
C. performances D. achievements
11. Modern people still like reading Shakespeare's works to_______.
A. enjoy good stories B. experience history
C. admire heroes D. gain knowledge
12. What can be learned about Hamlet?
A. He is in a dilemma. B. He hates his father.
C. He is afraid of death. D. He never takes action.
【答案】9. A 10. D 11. A 12. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。威廉·莎士比亚是最伟大的英语作家，全世界都知道他。文章主要介绍了莎士比亚的生平事迹和成就，以及现代人喜欢看他的戏剧的原因。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段Shakespeare was born in Stratford upon Avon, located in central England, in 1564. At age 18, he married Anne Hathaway and they had three children. Then Shakespeare went to London to work as an actor and writer. In 1599，the Globe Theatre was built in London. It was in this theatre that some of Shakespeare's plays were first performed. In 1613. the theatre was destroyed by a fire. However, a modern reconstruction of the theatre was built near the original site in 1997, so even today you can go to the Globe Theatre to see one of Shakespeare's plays.可知1564年，莎士比亚出生在英格兰中部埃文河畔的Stratford。18岁时，他与Anne Hathaway结婚，育有3个孩子。后来，莎士比亚去伦敦当演员和作家。1599年，环球剧院在伦敦建成。莎士比亚的一些戏剧就是在这个剧院首次上演的。在1613年。剧院被一场大火烧毁了。但是1997年，这座剧院在原址附近进行了现代化的重建，所以即使在今天，你也可以去环球剧院观看莎士比亚的戏剧。由此可推知，第二段按时间顺序展开的。故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段His surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets and some other poems. He is best known for his plays. which have been translated into every major language and are performed more than those of any other playwright (剧作家) in the world. Shakespeare's works remain very popular.可知他现存的作品包括38部戏剧，154首十四行诗和其他一些诗歌。他最出名的是他的戏剧。它被翻译成各种主要语言，比世界上任何其他剧作家的演出都要多。莎士比亚的作品仍然很受欢迎。由此可知，第三段主要讲莎士比亚的成就。故选D。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中But why do we like these old plays? Perhaps it is because they all contain fantastic stories. His characters suffer bloody battles, deaths by poison, and dramatic family battles. His plays are full of exciting storylines and lessons about morality.可知但是我们为什么喜欢这些老戏剧呢？也许是因为它们都包含着奇异的故事。他笔下的人物经历了血腥的战斗，被毒药毒死，以及戏剧性的家庭争斗。他的戏剧充满了令人兴奋的故事情节和关于道德的课程。由此可知，现代人仍然喜欢读莎士比亚的作品，是为了欣赏其中精彩的故事。故选A。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段Hamlet, for example, is about revenge (复仇) and also about how difficult it is to take action sometimes, even when it is important to do so. Hamlet's father is murdered by another man, who then marries Hamlet's mother, Everybody wants to see Hamlet dead. Hamlet must take revenge, but will he be able to? The famous quote“To be or not to be, that is the question" comes from this play.可知例如，《哈姆雷特》讲述了复仇的故事，也讲述了有时采取行动是多么困难，即使这样做是很重要的。哈姆雷特的父亲被另一个人谋杀，然后这个人娶了哈姆雷特的母亲，每个人都想看到哈姆雷特死去。哈姆雷特必须复仇，但他能做到吗？“生存还是毁灭，这是一个问题”这句名言出自这部戏剧。由此可知，Hamlet在一个进退两难的境地里。故选A。
D
While we may think it feels good to complain, complaining has some bad effects associated with it.
Why isn't complaining beneficial? Research shows that it connects our brain with negativity.The brain is designed to work efficiently.This means that when we repeat a thought, negative or positive, the nerve cells form a bridge between each other to pass information in a higher speed.Therefore, the next time we have a similar type of thought, it is more easily passed.This explains why certain thought patterns become habits.
Yet the harmful effects don't stop there.A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus(海马区), which plays a vital role in problem-solving, to become smaller.
In addition to causing brain damage, complaining also releases a stress hormone: cortisol, a kind of chemical the body produces when we meet with some danger.Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and lower immunity(免疫力).
The ill effects of our complaining aren't just limited to ourselves: they also involve those around us.We tend to mirror the moods of our friends.For this reason, we should be cautious about having stubborn complainers in our circle of companions.
The best way to deal with constant negativity is to develop a sense of gratitude(感恩).Just like complaining acts as a poison, gratitude acts as a medicine.Research shows it lowers cortisol levels by 23 percent, as well as reduces blood pressure and blood sugar.It also decreases tiredness and depression.Gratitude is the perfect cure for complaining, a behavior that steals our brain power, happiness and physical well-being.
What have you observed about the effects of complaining in your own life or in the lives of others? Have you noticed that when you are grateful, you feel better all over? Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.
13. What do Para 2-3 mainly talk about?
A. The diseases caused by complaining.
B. The decrease of a vital part of our brain.
C. The bad effects of complaining on brain power.
D. The reason why certain thought patterns become habits.
14. What can we know about cortisol from the passage?
A. Gratitude is an effective cure for Cortisol.
B. Our body produce cortisol when we feel exited.
C. Cortisol is a chemical that can cause brain damage.
D. Having a high level of cortisol can lead to many health problems.
15. What attitude does the writer take to stubborn complainers?
A. Grateful. B. Tolerant.
C. Disapproving. D. Skeptical.
16. Where can the passage most probably appear?
A In a newspaper. B. In a medical report.
C. On a website. D. In a radio program.
【答案】13. C 14. D 15. C 16. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，抱怨会导致在解决问题时起重要作用的海马区变小。除了造成大脑损伤，抱怨还会释放一种压力荷尔蒙:皮质醇，持续高水平的皮质醇会导致高血压、高血糖和免疫力下降。处理持续负面情绪的最好方法是培养一种感恩的意识。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段Yet the harmful effects don't stop there. A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus which plays a vital role in problem-solving, to become smaller.（然而，有害影响还不止于此。一项研究表明，抱怨会导致在解决问题时起重要作用的海马区变小。）以及第二段主要解释了抱怨如何对大脑产生消极影响的。故可知第2-3段主要谈论抱怨对脑力的不良影响。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and lower immunity.（持续高水平的皮质醇会导致高血压、高血糖和免疫力下降。）可知皮质醇水平过高会导致许多健康问题。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句For this reason, we should be cautious about having stubborn complainers in our circle of companions.（基于这个原因，我们应该小心在我们的朋友圈里有固执的抱怨者。）可知作者对于固执抱怨者的态度是不赞成、反对的。故选C。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.（请在下面的评论区分享你的想法。）可知文章最有可能是出现在一张网页上。故选C。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Can you imagine your parents choosing your husband or wife for you? And can you imagine not setting eyes on him or her until your wedding day? This situation is common in India, the Middle East and many parts of Africa. ___17___We don't realize that people in other places often get married in very different ways—and with different motives(动机)．
___18___A marriage provides a safe and stable home for the husband and wife. It also joins children, making sure the couple will be taken care of in old age. Because a marriage is important for the whole family, some cultures don't let young people choose whom to marry.
Just as there are many different reasons for marriage, there are also many different wedding rituals(仪式),___19___In a typical Western wedding, the bride seeks good luck by wearing “something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue.” Something old represents the past. Something new represents success in the future. Something borrowed reminds the bride she can get help from her friends and family.___20___
In Poland, one wedding tradition is not only lucky, but also very practical. The wedding guests pin money to the bride's dress while she is dancing. Th e money is meant to bring luck and to help the young couple build their new life. In Bermuda, the young couple plants a tree in the yard of their new home. Once they move in, they take good care of the tree , making it grow and blossom. The planting of the tree is a good metaphor(隐喻) for marriage.___21___
A. Every culture has its own ways of bringing good luck to the happy couple.
B. A truly good marriage is something that grows with care.
C. In the United States, parents do not arrange marriages for their children.
D And something blue reminds her to be true to her husband.
E. Marriage customs around the world often differ from our own.
F. In many countries, marriage is a practical matter.
G. Different countries have different cultures.
【答案】17. E 18. F 19. A 20. D 21. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了世界上的婚姻习惯经常不同我们自己的。婚姻为丈夫和妻子提供了一个安全、稳定的家庭。一个真正好的婚姻需要双方细心的经营。
【17题详解】
根据上文“This situation is common in India, the Middle East and many parts of Africa.（这种情况在印度、中东和非洲许多地区很常见。）”和下文“We don't realize that people in other places often get married in very different ways—and with different motives.（我们没有意识到，在其他地方，人们结婚的方式和动机是非常不同的。）”可知，E项中的“around the world”与上文的“in India, the Middle East and many parts of Africa.”，“differ from”与下文中的“very different ways”对应，承上启下。E项：Marriage customs around the world often differ from our own.（世界各地的婚俗往往与我们自己的不同。）符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据下文“A marriage provides a safe and stable home for the husband and wife. It also joins children, making sure the couple will be taken care of in old age.（婚姻为夫妻俩提供了一个安全稳定的家。它还包括孩子，以确保夫妇在年老时得到照顾。）”可知，本段主要讲述婚姻是一个重要的问题。F项：In many countries, marriage is a practical matter.（在许多国家，结婚是一件很实际的事情。）符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据下文“In a typical Western wedding, the bride seeks good luck by wearing “something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue.”（在典型的西方婚礼上，新娘寻求好运穿“一点旧的,一点新的,一点借来的和蓝色的东西。）可知，上文讲述了在婚礼上可以给人带来好运的习俗。A项： Every culture has its own ways of bringing good luck to the happy couple.（每种文化都有自己的方式给幸福的夫妇带来好运。）符合语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Something new represents success in the future. Something borrowed reminds the bride she can get help from her friends and family.（新事物代表未来的成功。借来的东西提醒新娘她可以从朋友和家人那里得到帮助。）”可知，空格处解释蓝色的东西的含义。D项：And something blue reminds her to be true to her husband.（蓝色的东西提醒她要忠于她的丈夫。）符合语境。故选D。
【21题详解】
根据上文“The planting of the tree is a good metaphor(隐喻) for marriage.（种树是对婚姻的一个很好的比喻。）”可知，空处是说明好的婚姻的真谛。B项：A truly good marriage is something that grows with care.（真正美好的婚姻需要用心呵护。）符合语境。故选B。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
I’ve heard such a story.
On a Friday night, a poor young artist stood at the gate of the subway station, playing his violin. The music was___22___, and many people___23___and put some money into the ___24___ of the young man.
The next night, the young artist took out a large piece of paper and laid it on the ground. Then he began___25___.The music sounded more pleasant. Some people gathered and they found the ___26___on that paper. “Last night, a gentleman put a(n)___27___thing into my hat. Please come to get it back.” When the people saw that, they felt very curious and began to___28___ what it could be. After about half an hour, a man___29___there in a hurry and said, “It can’t be true！You ...you ...”.The young violinist asked, “Did you lose something?” “Lottery (彩票).”the man answered ___30___.
The violinist took out a lottery ticket. “Is it？” he asked. The man was too____31____ to say a word. George Sang ____32____ a lottery ticket a few days ago. The awards(奖)opened yesterday and he won $500,000. So lucky and excited did he feel that he____33____50 dollars and put it into the hat when hearing the music. However, the lottery ticket was also thrown into the hat without being noticed. The violinist found the lottery ticket. Thinking that the owner would ____34____to look for it, he came back to where he was given the lottery ticket.
Someone asked the violinist why he returned the lottery ticket to the man. He said, “ ____35____I don’t have much money, I live happily; but if I lose____36____I won’t be happy forever.”
22. A. quiet B. beautiful C. familiar D. exciting
23. A. slowed down B. sped up C. passed by D. went away
24. A. wallet B. bag C. hat D. box
25. A. working B. waiting C. singing D. playing
26. A. poems B. articles C. words D. texts
27. A. important B. fantastic C. dangerous D. interesting
28. A. talk B. care C. expect D. guess
29. A. came B. rushed C. walked D. left
30. A. quickly B. anxiously C. seriously D. carefully
31. A. confused B. anxiously C. excited D. surprised
32. A. bought B. made C. found D. sold
33. A. handed out B. took out C. hunted for D. picked up
34. A. forget B. remember C. return D. picked up
35. A. If B. Why C. Because D. Although
36. A. friendship B. hope C. love D. honesty
【答案】22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述一个年轻艺术家在街头卖艺意外收到一张彩票，他并没有据为己有而是归还主人。年轻艺术家说，没有了诚实，会永远的不快乐。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：音乐优美动听，许多人都放慢脚步，时不时地往年轻艺人跟前礼帽里放一些钱。A. quiet安静的；B. beautiful美妙的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。从后面的句子“and many people ___2___ and put some money into the ___3___ of the young man.”可知他的音乐是很美妙的。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：音乐优美动听，许多人都放慢脚步，时不时地往年轻艺人跟前的礼帽里放一些钱。A. slowed down放慢速度；B. speeded up加快；C. passed by路过；D. went away走开。根据下文“put some money into the ___3___of the young man.”可知人们被美妙的音乐吸引放慢脚步投钱。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐优美动听，许多人都放慢脚步，时不时地往年轻艺人跟前的礼帽里放一些钱。A. wallet钱包；B. bag包；C. hat帽子；D. box盒子。根据下一行“put his hat on the ground gracefully”可知是放在帽子里投钱。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动名词词义辨析。句意：然后他开始演奏。A. working工作；B. waiting等待；C. singing 唱歌；D. playing演奏。根据下文“The music sounded more pleasant.”可知他开始演奏音乐。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些人聚集在一起，他们发现了那张纸上的字。“昨天晚上，一位先生在我的礼帽里放了一件很重要的东西。请来把它拿回来。”。A. poems诗歌； B. articles文章； C. words单词；句子；D. texts课文。根据下文““Last night, a gentleman put a(n) ___6___ thing into my hat. Please come to get it back.””可知这些是纸上的文字。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些人聚集在一起，他们发现了那张纸上的字。“昨天晚上，一位先生在我的礼帽里放了一件很重要的东西。请来把它拿回来。”。A. important重要的； B. fantastic迷人的；C. dangerous危险的；D. interesting有趣的。根据下文“ “Lottery (彩票).”the man answered ___9___ .”可知是有人把彩票这种比较重要的东西放在他的帽子里面了。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们看到那东西后，非常好奇，开始猜测那是什么东西。A.talk谈话；B. care关心；C. expect期望；预料；D. guess猜测。根据前文“they felt very curious”可知人们很好奇，会猜测会是什么东西。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了半小时左右，一个人急急忙忙跑过去说:“这不可能是真的!”你……你……。”。A. came来；B. rushed冲；C. walked 走；D. left离开。根据前文的“in a hurry”可知这个人非常着急，故是冲着过来。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：彩票。”那个人焦急地回答。A. quickly快地；B. anxiously焦虑地；C. seriously严肃地；D. carefully仔细地。根据前文“a man ___8___ there in a hurry and said, “It can’t be true！You ...you ....””可知这个人的心情非常焦虑。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那人激动得一句话也说不出来了。A. confused困惑的；B. anxiously焦虑地；C. excited兴奋的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文的“The violinist took out a lottery ticket." Is it? "he asked.”及下文“excited did he feel”可知这个人因彩票失而复得而兴奋。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔治-桑几天前买了一张彩票。A. bought买；B. made制作；C. found发现；D. sold卖。根据语境可知此处指乔治-桑买了一张彩票。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他感到如此幸运和兴奋，当他听到音乐时，他拿出50美元并把它放进了帽子里。A. handed out分发；B. took out拿出；C. hunted for寻找；D. turn out 结果是。根据语境可知乔治-桑为了表示感谢拿出50美元放进年轻人的帽子里面。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：想到失主会回来找，他又回到了他拿到这张彩票的地方。A. forget忘记；B. remember记得；C. return归还；D. picked up捡起。根据语境可知此处指彩票的主人肯定会返回来找的。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：他说，“虽然我没有很多钱，但我生活得很快乐；但如果我失去了诚信，我就不会永远幸福。”。A. If 如果；B. Why 为什么；C. Because因为；D. Although虽然；即使。句子“I don’t have much money”与句子“I live happily”在句意上是让步关系。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，“虽然我没有很多钱，但我生活得很快乐；但如果我失去了诚信，我就不会永远幸福。”A. friendship友谊；B. hope希望；C. love爱；D. honesty诚实。根据前文年轻人将彩票物归原主的细节可知他是诚实的，他不想失去诚信。故选D。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ___37___(be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ___38___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___39___(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene ___40___(declare) she had no plans ___41___(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___42___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___43___ because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___44___(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was ___45___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s ____46____(wonder).”
【答案】37. being
38. which 39. finally
40. declared
41. to retire
42. have made
43. but 44. saying
45. a 46. wonderful
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了九十高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她由此被评为“年度女士”。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
【38题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
【39题详解】
考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得到认可”，故填finally。
【40题详解】
考查时态。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had以及said可知，用一般过去时态，故填declared。
【41题详解】
考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
【43题详解】
考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。前面已经有谓语动词call，故此处用非谓语动词形式，根据say与其逻辑主语call是主动关系，故填saying。
【45题详解】
考查冠词用法。句意：我们还以为这是一个玩笑。此处joke为泛指，故填a。
【46题详解】
考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 书面表达（满分15分）
47. 假定你是李华，你的朋友David近来沉迷于游戏《王者荣耀》（King of Glory）不能自拔，你在得知此事后非常担忧。请你给他写一封信予以劝说，内容包括：
1.你对他的担心；
2.游戏的危害；
3.摆脱游戏的办法。
注意：1、词数100词左右；
2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Dear David，
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David,
I'm sorry to hear that you are addicted to King of Glory. Spending too much time and energy on games is harmful to our health and they are not real. If you lose yourself in the games, you may become isolated from the real world and ignore the beauty and love in life.
In my opinion, you can try other things to distract your attention. For example, you can play basketball or take part in other sports with your friends, which can not only help you keep healthy, but strengthen your friendship. Besides, you can also communicate with your parents and friends, sharing your happiness and sorrow with them. Last but not least, you can read some interesting books to expand your knowledge in your spare time.
I will be happy if you could get rid of the game, looking forward to your good news.
Yours,
Li Hua.
【解析】
【分析】本文书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封书信。
【详解】第1步：审题。根据提示可知，本文是一封书信：假定你是李华，你的朋友David近来沉迷于游戏《王者荣耀》（King of Glory）不能自拔，你在得知此事后非常担忧。请你给他写一封信予以劝说，内容包括：1.你对他的担心；2.游戏的危害；3.摆脱游戏的办法。
第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：addicted to King of Glory（沉迷于《王者荣耀》）；harmful to our health（对我们的健康有伤害）；become isolated from the real world（脱离现实世界）；expand your knowledge in your spare time（在你的业余时间扩展你的知识）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文是一封书信，内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子和词汇。I'm sorry to hear that you are addicted to King of Glory.句中that引导宾语从句；Spending too much time and energy on games is harmful to our health and they are not real.使用了动名词作主语；you can play basketball or take part in other sports with your friends, which can not only help you keep healthy,句中which引导非限制性定语从句；另外，In my opinion, Besides, Last but not least,等的运用为文章增色添彩。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
48. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Fifteen years ago, I was born in a big family. I had been taught that money couldn’t buy everything ever since I was a little kid. My parents are the most hard-working people I have ever seen. As much as my parents tried to teach me these values, some could only be learned through personal experiences.
As a child, I would sit in the church trying to concentrate on the words of the priest (牧师), but my attention was soon attracted by the shining gold and the diamonds worn by the Saturday churchgoers. As my eyes began to wander, I noticed men dressed in their tailored suits and shirts accompanied by women in their designer dresses with matching handbags and shoes.
My family, on the other hand, was the opposite of rich. Our hand-me-down clothes had been washed so many times that the colors had become dull and lifeless. Although this revealed the money struggles of our large family, our faces were always washed and hair neatly combed. When sitting on the old big red and white truck after the service, I pictured the lives led by those driving their brand-new cars, wishing I would be one of them.
I never stopped those fantasies, even when I was in middle school. Since it was a private school, most of the children came from wealthy families. As a result, I constantly felt ashamed. Although I could hide my lack of wealth at school by wearing our school uniforms, my poverty was embarrassingly apparent on weekends with my classmates wearing designer jeans and I had no choice but to wear my sister’s old jeans. I never fitted in with my classmates. To my relief, there was only one girl named Julie who opened her heart to me. I was attached to her like a shadow. Soon, her birthday was approaching. Julie invited me to attend her birthday party.
注意：1.续写词数应为120左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, I grew upset as I couldn’t afford a gift.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When she opened the gift box my heart missed a beat.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】However, I grew upset as I couldn’t afford a gift. It would be embarrassing to be present without gift, but her insistence put me in dilemma. Ultimately, I accepted her invitation against my will. I was wondering what to do when the values my parents taught me flashed across my mind. “Why not make gift by myself?” I made a toy with materials on hand and put it into box. Finally, the big day came.
When she opened the gift box, my heart missed a beat. On seeing the toy, the boys and girls froze with surprise and then burst into laughter. I lowered my head in shame, tears streaming down my cheeks. At this moment, Julie came over and hugged me tightly, saying it was the best gift that she had ever received. I brightened up at her words and was fully aware that money couldn’t buy every thing. It was our friendship that really mattered. I would cherish this moment forever.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，作者小时候生活穷，勤劳的父母教育她金钱并不是万能的。作者中学时就读的是私立学校，众多的富家子弟日常生活中表现出的阔绰与她拮据的生活形成鲜明对比，使她难以融入身边同学的生活圈子。幸亏有Julie同学乐意与她交好朋友，她俩形影不离。Julie邀请她参加她的生日聚会，家境贫困的她该送什么礼物呢？续写部分描写她的矛盾心理与最后送礼结局，以她亲身经历告知大家：纯真的友谊是金钱买不到的。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：然而，我内心非常忐忑，因为付不起购买礼物的钱……，所以应该写收到邀请后内心的忐忑，以及想起父母的教诲，不要以金钱去解决，而是自己动手制作一个玩具作为礼物，为参加生日聚会做好准备。第二段开头是：当她打开礼物时，我的心非常紧张。本段应该写打开礼物瞬间在场的人看到她自制的玩具的反映，及看到他人嘲笑时的心理感觉。所幸的是，朋友很喜欢她送的礼物，因为那是她用心自己动手为她做的。朋友的肯定，使她进一步明白金钱并不能买到一切，尤其是友情。
本篇以一般过去时为主。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：put me in dilemma、Ultimately、burst into laughter、tears streaming down my cheeks、brighten up、was fully aware that等高级词汇；强调句：It was our friendship that really mattered。分词作状语：On seeing the toy, the boys and girls froze with surprise and then burst into laughter；…tears streaming down my cheeks；Julie came over and hugged me tightly, saying it was the best gift that she had ever received等高级句式。
四方高中2020-2021下学期高二期中考试
英语试卷
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
My Favourite Books
Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.
Matilda
Roald Dahl
I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda’s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but they’re also aspirational.
After Dark
Haruki Murakami
It’s about two sisters—Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people” who are hiding secrets.
Gone Girl
Gillian Fynn
There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. There’s tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It’s a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what’s going on is horribly enjoyable.
The Stand
Stephen King
This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world’s population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.
1. Who does “I” refer to in the text?
A. Stephen King. B. Gillian Flynn.
C. Jo Usmar. D. Roald Dahl.
2. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?
A. Cosmopolitan. B. Matilda.
C. After Dark. D. The Stand.
3. What kind of book is Gone Girl?
A. A folk tale. B. A biography.
C. A love story. D. A horror story.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了作家Jo Usmar选出的四本好书。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.可知，下文介绍作家Jo Usmar选出的最好的读物，所以下文中的“I”指的是Jo Usmar。故C选项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据After Dark中It’s about two sister—Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student.可知，故事讲的是两个姐妹——Eri是一个要么不睡，要么一觉不醒的模特，玛丽，是一个年轻学生。所以After Dark中讲述了Eri和Mari的故事。故C选项正确。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由Gone Girl中的...but the horror story is brilliant.可知，这是一个恐怖故事。故D选项正确。
B
Nowadays, many of us spend about 10 hours a day in front of a Computer or other electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. The result is that our Brain easily feels tired. We need to give the brain a rest, but how?
David Strayer is a professor of psychology at the University of Utah. He claims that camping may be just what a tech-tired brain needs. His argument finds strong support from Carl and Kate, two experienced campers. Carl, who works for a mobile phone company, says that being outdoors makes him feel relaxed. It also prepares him for the work he must do. "Camping gives us a chance to be in touch with nature and it's very relaxing. When you return to work on Monday, you're in a better state of mind. I really like the way I feel on Monday. Kate is a senior editor. She says camping brings her some peace she couldn't have otherwise. She even finds herself more creative.
David Strayer explains that camping allows close contact with nature and being in nature calms the brain and helps it to focus. When people go camping, they need to learn about animals and natural environments; they have to deal with the weather, learn to stay dry in the rain or warm in the snow and have to keep the feet in good condition when hiking and walking.
Some might say that taking a long walk in the woods or by the ocean or in a city park is wonderful, too. But camping requires that one spend more time in nature and it can test him in different ways. And it brings more health benefit as well.
4. What is the result of using electronic devices too much?
A. We will waste time. B. Our brain will feel tired.
C. Our study will be influenced. D. Our brain will be refreshed.
5. How does Carl feel after camping?
A. Warm B. Calm
C. Relaxed D. Peaceful
6. Why does the author take Carl and Kate as examples?
A. To share a good camping site. B. To share their work experiences.
C. To show their interest in camping. D. To show advantages of camping
7. Which of the following is the benefit of camping?
A. It helps protect the environment. B. It helps us learn more about nature.
C. It teaches us to keep warm in the rain. D. It teaches us to avoid difficult situations.
8. What is the author’s attitude towards camping?
A. Positive. B. Negative.
C. Uninterested. D. Doubtful.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。过度使用电子设备的后果是我们的大脑会感到疲劳。作者通过卡尔和凯特为例展示了露营的好处。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中The result is that our Brain easily feels tired.可知，过度使用电子设备后果是我们的大脑会感到疲劳。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中says that being outdoors makes him feel relaxed.可知，露营后卡尔感到放松。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中He claims that camping may be just what a tech-tired brain needs. His argument finds strong support from Carl and Kate, two experienced campers.可知，作者之所以以卡尔和凯特为例主要是为了展示露营的好处。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句David Strayer explains that camping allows close contact with nature and being in nature calms the brain and helps it to focus.可知，露营的好处是它帮助我们更多地了解自然。故选B。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Some might say that taking a long walk in the woods or by the ocean or in a city park is wonderful, too. But camping requires that one spend more time in nature and it can test him in different ways. And it brings more health benefit as well.可知，作者对露营的态度是“积极的”。故选A。
【点睛】在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题 。该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。本题第4小题，根据第三段第一句David Strayer explains that camping allows close contact with nature and being in nature calms the brain and helps it to focus.可知，露营的好处是它帮助我们更多地了解自然。故选B。
C
William Shakespeare was the greatest writer in the English language and is known around the world. But how much do you really know about him?
Shakespeare was born in Stratford upon Avon, located in central England, in 1564. At age 18, he married Anne Hathaway and they had three children. Then Shakespeare went to London to work as an actor and writer. In 1599，the Globe Theatre was built in London. It was in this theatre that some of Shakespeare's plays were first performed. In 1613. the theatre was destroyed by a fire. However. a modern reconstruction of the theatre was built near the original site in 1997, so even today you can go to the Globe Theatre to see one of Shakespeare's plays.
His surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets and some other poems. He is best known for his plays. which have been translated into every major language and are performed more than those of any other playwright (剧作家) in the world. Shakespeare's works remain very popular. But why do we like these old plays? Perhaps it is because they all contain fantastic stories. His characters suffer bloody battles, deaths by poison, and dramatic family battles. His plays are full of exciting storylines and lessons about morality.
Hamlet, for example, is about revenge (复仇) and also about how difficult it is to take action sometimes, even when it is important to do so. Hamlet's father is murdered by another man, who then marries Hamlet's mother, Everybody wants to see Hamlet dead. Hamlet must take revenge. but will he be able to? The famous quote“To be or not to be, that is the question" comes from this play.
9. How is Paragraph 2 organized?
A. In order of time. B. In order of location.
C. In order of importance. D. In order of preference.
10. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about Shakespeare's__________.
A. poems B. characters
C. performances D. achievements
11. Modern people still like reading Shakespeare's works to_______.
A. enjoy good stories B. experience history
C. admire heroes D. gain knowledge
12. What can be learned about Hamlet?
A. He is in a dilemma. B. He hates his father.
C. He is afraid of death. D. He never takes action.
【答案】9. A 10. D 11. A 12. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。威廉·莎士比亚是最伟大的英语作家，全世界都知道他。文章主要介绍了莎士比亚的生平事迹和成就，以及现代人喜欢看他的戏剧的原因。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段Shakespeare was born in Stratford upon Avon, located in central England, in 1564. At age 18, he married Anne Hathaway and they had three children. Then Shakespeare went to London to work as an actor and writer. In 1599，the Globe Theatre was built in London. It was in this theatre that some of Shakespeare's plays were first performed. In 1613. the theatre was destroyed by a fire. However, a modern reconstruction of the theatre was built near the original site in 1997, so even today you can go to the Globe Theatre to see one of Shakespeare's plays.可知1564年，莎士比亚出生在英格兰中部埃文河畔的Stratford。18岁时，他与Anne Hathaway结婚，育有3个孩子。后来，莎士比亚去伦敦当演员和作家。1599年，环球剧院在伦敦建成。莎士比亚的一些戏剧就是在这个剧院首次上演的。在1613年。剧院被一场大火烧毁了。但是1997年，这座剧院在原址附近进行了现代化的重建，所以即使在今天，你也可以去环球剧院观看莎士比亚的戏剧。由此可推知，第二段按时间顺序展开的。故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段His surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets and some other poems. He is best known for his plays. which have been translated into every major language and are performed more than those of any other playwright (剧作家) in the world. Shakespeare's works remain very popular.可知他现存的作品包括38部戏剧，154首十四行诗和其他一些诗歌。他最出名的是他的戏剧。它被翻译成各种主要语言，比世界上任何其他剧作家的演出都要多。莎士比亚的作品仍然很受欢迎。由此可知，第三段主要讲莎士比亚的成就。故选D。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中But why do we like these old plays? Perhaps it is because they all contain fantastic stories. His characters suffer bloody battles, deaths by poison, and dramatic family battles. His plays are full of exciting storylines and lessons about morality.可知但是我们为什么喜欢这些老戏剧呢？也许是因为它们都包含着奇异的故事。他笔下的人物经历了血腥的战斗，被毒药毒死，以及戏剧性的家庭争斗。他的戏剧充满了令人兴奋的故事情节和关于道德的课程。由此可知，现代人仍然喜欢读莎士比亚的作品，是为了欣赏其中精彩的故事。故选A。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段Hamlet, for example, is about revenge (复仇) and also about how difficult it is to take action sometimes, even when it is important to do so. Hamlet's father is murdered by another man, who then marries Hamlet's mother, Everybody wants to see Hamlet dead. Hamlet must take revenge, but will he be able to? The famous quote“To be or not to be, that is the question" comes from this play.可知例如，《哈姆雷特》讲述了复仇的故事，也讲述了有时采取行动是多么困难，即使这样做是很重要的。哈姆雷特的父亲被另一个人谋杀，然后这个人娶了哈姆雷特的母亲，每个人都想看到哈姆雷特死去。哈姆雷特必须复仇，但他能做到吗？“生存还是毁灭，这是一个问题”这句名言出自这部戏剧。由此可知，Hamlet在一个进退两难的境地里。故选A。
D
While we may think it feels good to complain, complaining has some bad effects associated with it.
Why isn't complaining beneficial? Research shows that it connects our brain with negativity.The brain is designed to work efficiently.This means that when we repeat a thought, negative or positive, the nerve cells form a bridge between each other to pass information in a higher speed.Therefore, the next time we have a similar type of thought, it is more easily passed.This explains why certain thought patterns become habits.
Yet the harmful effects don't stop there.A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus(海马区), which plays a vital role in problem-solving, to become smaller.
In addition to causing brain damage, complaining also releases a stress hormone: cortisol, a kind of chemical the body produces when we meet with some danger.Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and lower immunity(免疫力).
The ill effects of our complaining aren't just limited to ourselves: they also involve those around us.We tend to mirror the moods of our friends.For this reason, we should be cautious about having stubborn complainers in our circle of companions.
The best way to deal with constant negativity is to develop a sense of gratitude(感恩).Just like complaining acts as a poison, gratitude acts as a medicine.Research shows it lowers cortisol levels by 23 percent, as well as reduces blood pressure and blood sugar.It also decreases tiredness and depression.Gratitude is the perfect cure for complaining, a behavior that steals our brain power, happiness and physical well-being.
What have you observed about the effects of complaining in your own life or in the lives of others? Have you noticed that when you are grateful, you feel better all over? Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.
13. What do Para 2-3 mainly talk about?
A. The diseases caused by complaining.
B. The decrease of a vital part of our brain.
C. The bad effects of complaining on brain power.
D. The reason why certain thought patterns become habits.
14. What can we know about cortisol from the passage?
A. Gratitude is an effective cure for Cortisol.
B. Our body produce cortisol when we feel exited.
C. Cortisol is a chemical that can cause brain damage.
D. Having a high level of cortisol can lead to many health problems.
15. What attitude does the writer take to stubborn complainers?
A. Grateful. B. Tolerant.
C. Disapproving. D. Skeptical.
16. Where can the passage most probably appear?
A In a newspaper. B. In a medical report.
C. On a website. D. In a radio program.
【答案】13. C 14. D 15. C 16. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，抱怨会导致在解决问题时起重要作用的海马区变小。除了造成大脑损伤，抱怨还会释放一种压力荷尔蒙:皮质醇，持续高水平的皮质醇会导致高血压、高血糖和免疫力下降。处理持续负面情绪的最好方法是培养一种感恩的意识。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段Yet the harmful effects don't stop there. A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus which plays a vital role in problem-solving, to become smaller.（然而，有害影响还不止于此。一项研究表明，抱怨会导致在解决问题时起重要作用的海马区变小。）以及第二段主要解释了抱怨如何对大脑产生消极影响的。故可知第2-3段主要谈论抱怨对脑力的不良影响。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and lower immunity.（持续高水平的皮质醇会导致高血压、高血糖和免疫力下降。）可知皮质醇水平过高会导致许多健康问题。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句For this reason, we should be cautious about having stubborn complainers in our circle of companions.（基于这个原因，我们应该小心在我们的朋友圈里有固执的抱怨者。）可知作者对于固执抱怨者的态度是不赞成、反对的。故选C。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.（请在下面的评论区分享你的想法。）可知文章最有可能是出现在一张网页上。故选C。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Can you imagine your parents choosing your husband or wife for you? And can you imagine not setting eyes on him or her until your wedding day? This situation is common in India, the Middle East and many parts of Africa. ___17___We don't realize that people in other places often get married in very different ways—and with different motives(动机)．
___18___A marriage provides a safe and stable home for the husband and wife. It also joins children, making sure the couple will be taken care of in old age. Because a marriage is important for the whole family, some cultures don't let young people choose whom to marry.
Just as there are many different reasons for marriage, there are also many different wedding rituals(仪式),___19___In a typical Western wedding, the bride seeks good luck by wearing “something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue.” Something old represents the past. Something new represents success in the future. Something borrowed reminds the bride she can get help from her friends and family.___20___
In Poland, one wedding tradition is not only lucky, but also very practical. The wedding guests pin money to the bride's dress while she is dancing. Th e money is meant to bring luck and to help the young couple build their new life. In Bermuda, the young couple plants a tree in the yard of their new home. Once they move in, they take good care of the tree , making it grow and blossom. The planting of the tree is a good metaphor(隐喻) for marriage.___21___
A. Every culture has its own ways of bringing good luck to the happy couple.
B. A truly good marriage is something that grows with care.
C. In the United States, parents do not arrange marriages for their children.
D And something blue reminds her to be true to her husband.
E. Marriage customs around the world often differ from our own.
F. In many countries, marriage is a practical matter.
G. Different countries have different cultures.
【答案】17. E 18. F 19. A 20. D 21. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了世界上的婚姻习惯经常不同我们自己的。婚姻为丈夫和妻子提供了一个安全、稳定的家庭。一个真正好的婚姻需要双方细心的经营。
【17题详解】
根据上文“This situation is common in India, the Middle East and many parts of Africa.（这种情况在印度、中东和非洲许多地区很常见。）”和下文“We don't realize that people in other places often get married in very different ways—and with different motives.（我们没有意识到，在其他地方，人们结婚的方式和动机是非常不同的。）”可知，E项中的“around the world”与上文的“in India, the Middle East and many parts of Africa.”，“differ from”与下文中的“very different ways”对应，承上启下。E项：Marriage customs around the world often differ from our own.（世界各地的婚俗往往与我们自己的不同。）符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据下文“A marriage provides a safe and stable home for the husband and wife. It also joins children, making sure the couple will be taken care of in old age.（婚姻为夫妻俩提供了一个安全稳定的家。它还包括孩子，以确保夫妇在年老时得到照顾。）”可知，本段主要讲述婚姻是一个重要的问题。F项：In many countries, marriage is a practical matter.（在许多国家，结婚是一件很实际的事情。）符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据下文“In a typical Western wedding, the bride seeks good luck by wearing “something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue.”（在典型的西方婚礼上，新娘寻求好运穿“一点旧的,一点新的,一点借来的和蓝色的东西。）可知，上文讲述了在婚礼上可以给人带来好运的习俗。A项： Every culture has its own ways of bringing good luck to the happy couple.（每种文化都有自己的方式给幸福的夫妇带来好运。）符合语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Something new represents success in the future. Something borrowed reminds the bride she can get help from her friends and family.（新事物代表未来的成功。借来的东西提醒新娘她可以从朋友和家人那里得到帮助。）”可知，空格处解释蓝色的东西的含义。D项：And something blue reminds her to be true to her husband.（蓝色的东西提醒她要忠于她的丈夫。）符合语境。故选D。
【21题详解】
根据上文“The planting of the tree is a good metaphor(隐喻) for marriage.（种树是对婚姻的一个很好的比喻。）”可知，空处是说明好的婚姻的真谛。B项：A truly good marriage is something that grows with care.（真正美好的婚姻需要用心呵护。）符合语境。故选B。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
I’ve heard such a story.
On a Friday night, a poor young artist stood at the gate of the subway station, playing his violin. The music was___22___, and many people___23___and put some money into the ___24___ of the young man.
The next night, the young artist took out a large piece of paper and laid it on the ground. Then he began___25___.The music sounded more pleasant. Some people gathered and they found the ___26___on that paper. “Last night, a gentleman put a(n)___27___thing into my hat. Please come to get it back.” When the people saw that, they felt very curious and began to___28___ what it could be. After about half an hour, a man___29___there in a hurry and said, “It can’t be true！You ...you ...”.The young violinist asked, “Did you lose something?” “Lottery (彩票).”the man answered ___30___.
The violinist took out a lottery ticket. “Is it？” he asked. The man was too____31____ to say a word. George Sang ____32____ a lottery ticket a few days ago. The awards(奖)opened yesterday and he won $500,000. So lucky and excited did he feel that he____33____50 dollars and put it into the hat when hearing the music. However, the lottery ticket was also thrown into the hat without being noticed. The violinist found the lottery ticket. Thinking that the owner would ____34____to look for it, he came back to where he was given the lottery ticket.
Someone asked the violinist why he returned the lottery ticket to the man. He said, “ ____35____I don’t have much money, I live happily; but if I lose____36____I won’t be happy forever.”
22. A. quiet B. beautiful C. familiar D. exciting
23. A. slowed down B. sped up C. passed by D. went away
24. A. wallet B. bag C. hat D. box
25. A. working B. waiting C. singing D. playing
26. A. poems B. articles C. words D. texts
27. A. important B. fantastic C. dangerous D. interesting
28. A. talk B. care C. expect D. guess
29. A. came B. rushed C. walked D. left
30. A. quickly B. anxiously C. seriously D. carefully
31. A. confused B. anxiously C. excited D. surprised
32. A. bought B. made C. found D. sold
33. A. handed out B. took out C. hunted for D. picked up
34. A. forget B. remember C. return D. picked up
35. A. If B. Why C. Because D. Although
36. A. friendship B. hope C. love D. honesty
【答案】22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述一个年轻艺术家在街头卖艺意外收到一张彩票，他并没有据为己有而是归还主人。年轻艺术家说，没有了诚实，会永远的不快乐。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：音乐优美动听，许多人都放慢脚步，时不时地往年轻艺人跟前礼帽里放一些钱。A. quiet安静的；B. beautiful美妙的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。从后面的句子“and many people ___2___ and put some money into the ___3___ of the young man.”可知他的音乐是很美妙的。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：音乐优美动听，许多人都放慢脚步，时不时地往年轻艺人跟前的礼帽里放一些钱。A. slowed down放慢速度；B. speeded up加快；C. passed by路过；D. went away走开。根据下文“put some money into the ___3___of the young man.”可知人们被美妙的音乐吸引放慢脚步投钱。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐优美动听，许多人都放慢脚步，时不时地往年轻艺人跟前的礼帽里放一些钱。A. wallet钱包；B. bag包；C. hat帽子；D. box盒子。根据下一行“put his hat on the ground gracefully”可知是放在帽子里投钱。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动名词词义辨析。句意：然后他开始演奏。A. working工作；B. waiting等待；C. singing 唱歌；D. playing演奏。根据下文“The music sounded more pleasant.”可知他开始演奏音乐。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些人聚集在一起，他们发现了那张纸上的字。“昨天晚上，一位先生在我的礼帽里放了一件很重要的东西。请来把它拿回来。”。A. poems诗歌； B. articles文章； C. words单词；句子；D. texts课文。根据下文““Last night, a gentleman put a(n) ___6___ thing into my hat. Please come to get it back.””可知这些是纸上的文字。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些人聚集在一起，他们发现了那张纸上的字。“昨天晚上，一位先生在我的礼帽里放了一件很重要的东西。请来把它拿回来。”。A. important重要的； B. fantastic迷人的；C. dangerous危险的；D. interesting有趣的。根据下文“ “Lottery (彩票).”the man answered ___9___ .”可知是有人把彩票这种比较重要的东西放在他的帽子里面了。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们看到那东西后，非常好奇，开始猜测那是什么东西。A.talk谈话；B. care关心；C. expect期望；预料；D. guess猜测。根据前文“they felt very curious”可知人们很好奇，会猜测会是什么东西。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了半小时左右，一个人急急忙忙跑过去说:“这不可能是真的!”你……你……。”。A. came来；B. rushed冲；C. walked 走；D. left离开。根据前文的“in a hurry”可知这个人非常着急，故是冲着过来。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：彩票。”那个人焦急地回答。A. quickly快地；B. anxiously焦虑地；C. seriously严肃地；D. carefully仔细地。根据前文“a man ___8___ there in a hurry and said, “It can’t be true！You ...you ....””可知这个人的心情非常焦虑。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那人激动得一句话也说不出来了。A. confused困惑的；B. anxiously焦虑地；C. excited兴奋的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文的“The violinist took out a lottery ticket." Is it? "he asked.”及下文“excited did he feel”可知这个人因彩票失而复得而兴奋。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔治-桑几天前买了一张彩票。A. bought买；B. made制作；C. found发现；D. sold卖。根据语境可知此处指乔治-桑买了一张彩票。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他感到如此幸运和兴奋，当他听到音乐时，他拿出50美元并把它放进了帽子里。A. handed out分发；B. took out拿出；C. hunted for寻找；D. turn out 结果是。根据语境可知乔治-桑为了表示感谢拿出50美元放进年轻人的帽子里面。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：想到失主会回来找，他又回到了他拿到这张彩票的地方。A. forget忘记；B. remember记得；C. return归还；D. picked up捡起。根据语境可知此处指彩票的主人肯定会返回来找的。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：他说，“虽然我没有很多钱，但我生活得很快乐；但如果我失去了诚信，我就不会永远幸福。”。A. If 如果；B. Why 为什么；C. Because因为；D. Although虽然；即使。句子“I don’t have much money”与句子“I live happily”在句意上是让步关系。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，“虽然我没有很多钱，但我生活得很快乐；但如果我失去了诚信，我就不会永远幸福。”A. friendship友谊；B. hope希望；C. love爱；D. honesty诚实。根据前文年轻人将彩票物归原主的细节可知他是诚实的，他不想失去诚信。故选D。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ___37___(be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ___38___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___39___(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene ___40___(declare) she had no plans ___41___(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___42___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___43___ because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___44___(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was ___45___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s ____46____(wonder).”
【答案】37. being
38. which 39. finally
40. declared
41. to retire
42. have made
43. but 44. saying
45. a 46. wonderful
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了九十高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她由此被评为“年度女士”。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
【38题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
【39题详解】
考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得到认可”，故填finally。
【40题详解】
考查时态。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had以及said可知，用一般过去时态，故填declared。
【41题详解】
考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
【43题详解】
考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。前面已经有谓语动词call，故此处用非谓语动词形式，根据say与其逻辑主语call是主动关系，故填saying。
【45题详解】
考查冠词用法。句意：我们还以为这是一个玩笑。此处joke为泛指，故填a。
【46题详解】
考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 书面表达（满分15分）
47. 假定你是李华，你的朋友David近来沉迷于游戏《王者荣耀》（King of Glory）不能自拔，你在得知此事后非常担忧。请你给他写一封信予以劝说，内容包括：
1.你对他的担心；
2.游戏的危害；
3.摆脱游戏的办法。
注意：1、词数100词左右；
2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Dear David，
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David,
I'm sorry to hear that you are addicted to King of Glory. Spending too much time and energy on games is harmful to our health and they are not real. If you lose yourself in the games, you may become isolated from the real world and ignore the beauty and love in life.
In my opinion, you can try other things to distract your attention. For example, you can play basketball or take part in other sports with your friends, which can not only help you keep healthy, but strengthen your friendship. Besides, you can also communicate with your parents and friends, sharing your happiness and sorrow with them. Last but not least, you can read some interesting books to expand your knowledge in your spare time.
I will be happy if you could get rid of the game, looking forward to your good news.
Yours,
Li Hua.
【解析】
【分析】本文书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封书信。
【详解】第1步：审题。根据提示可知，本文是一封书信：假定你是李华，你的朋友David近来沉迷于游戏《王者荣耀》（King of Glory）不能自拔，你在得知此事后非常担忧。请你给他写一封信予以劝说，内容包括：1.你对他的担心；2.游戏的危害；3.摆脱游戏的办法。
第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：addicted to King of Glory（沉迷于《王者荣耀》）；harmful to our health（对我们的健康有伤害）；become isolated from the real world（脱离现实世界）；expand your knowledge in your spare time（在你的业余时间扩展你的知识）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文是一封书信，内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子和词汇。I'm sorry to hear that you are addicted to King of Glory.句中that引导宾语从句；Spending too much time and energy on games is harmful to our health and they are not real.使用了动名词作主语；you can play basketball or take part in other sports with your friends, which can not only help you keep healthy,句中which引导非限制性定语从句；另外，In my opinion, Besides, Last but not least,等的运用为文章增色添彩。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
48. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Fifteen years ago, I was born in a big family. I had been taught that money couldn’t buy everything ever since I was a little kid. My parents are the most hard-working people I have ever seen. As much as my parents tried to teach me these values, some could only be learned through personal experiences.
As a child, I would sit in the church trying to concentrate on the words of the priest (牧师), but my attention was soon attracted by the shining gold and the diamonds worn by the Saturday churchgoers. As my eyes began to wander, I noticed men dressed in their tailored suits and shirts accompanied by women in their designer dresses with matching handbags and shoes.
My family, on the other hand, was the opposite of rich. Our hand-me-down clothes had been washed so many times that the colors had become dull and lifeless. Although this revealed the money struggles of our large family, our faces were always washed and hair neatly combed. When sitting on the old big red and white truck after the service, I pictured the lives led by those driving their brand-new cars, wishing I would be one of them.
I never stopped those fantasies, even when I was in middle school. Since it was a private school, most of the children came from wealthy families. As a result, I constantly felt ashamed. Although I could hide my lack of wealth at school by wearing our school uniforms, my poverty was embarrassingly apparent on weekends with my classmates wearing designer jeans and I had no choice but to wear my sister’s old jeans. I never fitted in with my classmates. To my relief, there was only one girl named Julie who opened her heart to me. I was attached to her like a shadow. Soon, her birthday was approaching. Julie invited me to attend her birthday party.
注意：1.续写词数应为120左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, I grew upset as I couldn’t afford a gift.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When she opened the gift box my heart missed a beat.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】However, I grew upset as I couldn’t afford a gift. It would be embarrassing to be present without gift, but her insistence put me in dilemma. Ultimately, I accepted her invitation against my will. I was wondering what to do when the values my parents taught me flashed across my mind. “Why not make gift by myself?” I made a toy with materials on hand and put it into box. Finally, the big day came.
When she opened the gift box, my heart missed a beat. On seeing the toy, the boys and girls froze with surprise and then burst into laughter. I lowered my head in shame, tears streaming down my cheeks. At this moment, Julie came over and hugged me tightly, saying it was the best gift that she had ever received. I brightened up at her words and was fully aware that money couldn’t buy every thing. It was our friendship that really mattered. I would cherish this moment forever.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，作者小时候生活穷，勤劳的父母教育她金钱并不是万能的。作者中学时就读的是私立学校，众多的富家子弟日常生活中表现出的阔绰与她拮据的生活形成鲜明对比，使她难以融入身边同学的生活圈子。幸亏有Julie同学乐意与她交好朋友，她俩形影不离。Julie邀请她参加她的生日聚会，家境贫困的她该送什么礼物呢？续写部分描写她的矛盾心理与最后送礼结局，以她亲身经历告知大家：纯真的友谊是金钱买不到的。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：然而，我内心非常忐忑，因为付不起购买礼物的钱……，所以应该写收到邀请后内心的忐忑，以及想起父母的教诲，不要以金钱去解决，而是自己动手制作一个玩具作为礼物，为参加生日聚会做好准备。第二段开头是：当她打开礼物时，我的心非常紧张。本段应该写打开礼物瞬间在场的人看到她自制的玩具的反映，及看到他人嘲笑时的心理感觉。所幸的是，朋友很喜欢她送的礼物，因为那是她用心自己动手为她做的。朋友的肯定，使她进一步明白金钱并不能买到一切，尤其是友情。
本篇以一般过去时为主。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：put me in dilemma、Ultimately、burst into laughter、tears streaming down my cheeks、brighten up、was fully aware that等高级词汇；强调句：It was our friendship that really mattered。分词作状语：On seeing the toy, the boys and girls froze with surprise and then burst into laughter；…tears streaming down my cheeks；Julie came over and hugged me tightly, saying it was the best gift that she had ever received等高级句式。
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