高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 3 Sports and fitness精品同步测试题

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3.2 Discvering Useful Structures
一、基础巩固
根据要求完成句子
用词的适当形式填空（共3小题）
We mustn't pretend__________________(knw)what we dn't knw.
She pretended__________________(read)a nvel when I came int the rm.
The by pretended__________________(finish)his hmewrk.
完成下列反义疑问句（共8小题）
Let’s g t the mvies tgether, ______________?
Jack wanted t visit China, ______________?
Peter knew little abut what happened yesterday, ______________?
The man must be ur new headmaster, ______________?
There are few students in the classrm, ______________?
Jack dislikes math, ______________?
Smebdy tk the bk away, ______________?
I dn’t think Li Lei is a gd student, ______________?
【答案与解析】
1.
1）句意：我们一定不要不懂装懂。假装做某事pretend t d sth，是一般形式。故填t knw.
2）句意：当我进入房间时她假装在读小说。表示“假装正在做某事”是pretend t be ding sth, t后加动词原形be, ding表示正在进行，故填t be reading.
3）句意：男孩假装已经完成了作业。表示“假装已经做某事”是pretend t have dne sth，have dne表示完成，故填t have finished.
2.
考查反义疑问句。句意：我们一起去看电影，好吗？以Let’s开头的祈使句，附加问句部分要用shall we。
考查反义疑问句。句意：Jack想要游览中国，不是吗？陈述部分为肯定形式，则附加问句应用否定形式。再根据wanted可知，应用didn’t he。
考查反义疑问句。句意：Peter几乎不知道昨天发生了什么，是吗？根据little可知，陈述部分为否定形式，则附加问句应用肯定形式。再根据knew可知，应用did he。
考查反义疑问句。句意：那个男人一定是我们的新校长，不是吗？陈述部分含有情态动词must，且根据句意可知，该句是对现在情况的肯定推测，所以附加问句部分应用否定形式，再根据The man可知，应用isn’t he。
考查反义疑问句。句意：教室里没几个学生，是吗？在表示“存在”的there be句型中，其后的附加问句仍用there，又因陈述部分含有否定词few，故填are there。
考查反义疑问句。句意：Jack不喜欢数学，不是吗？句中的dislikes是带否定前缀的词，不影响附加问句的形式，故此处应用desn’t he。
考查反义疑问句。句意：有人拿走了那本书，不是吗？陈述部分的主语是不定代词Smebdy，且此处附加部分的主语强调个体，故用didn’t he。
考查反义疑问句。句意：我认为李磊不是个好学生，是不是这样？主句为I dn’t think，附加问句应与宾语从句保持一致，此处为否定转移，故填is he。
II.单句语法填空
1．Nw that yu have expressed yur (determine), yu shuld take actin．
2．The ability t keep calm is ne f his (strength)．
3．The enemy had n chice but t give in us．
4．Lsing games taught me t practise (hard) than ever befre and never give up．
5．Lang Ping wn several champinships befre she became famus cach．
6．In the final secnds f a game, Jrdan always seemed t find a way (win)．
7． (master) English means we can see the wrld thrugh a new windw．
8．I (shw) great interest in English since my childhd．
9．Yu shuld set aside sme time t cnsider yur successes and (fail)．
10．I think yu can make if yu fllw the advice belw．
II. 【答案】： 1. determinatin 2.strengths 3.t 4.harder 5.a
6.t win 7.Mastering 8.have shwn 9.failures 10.it
= 3 \* ROMAN \* MERGEFORMAT III.完成句子
1．飞机20分钟就要起飞了，我们无论如何也赶不上了。
The flight leaves in twenty minutes, s we will never ．
2．比尔为了强身健体而做大量体育锻炼。
Bill is ding a lt f physical exercise t ．
3．交朋友的关键是对别人诚实。
is t be hnest with thers．
4．被邀请参加你的生日聚会，对我来说是一种荣誉。
me t be invited t attend yur birthday party．
5．这给我提供了一个机会来学习如何与朋友相处，如何与他们分享我的经验。
It ffers me a chance t learn hw t get alng with my friends and hw them．
6．由你决定我们去哪里旅游。
where we will g travelling．
【答案】：1.make it 2.build up his strength 3.The key t making friends
4.It is a great hnur fr 5.t share my experience with 6.It’s up t yu t decide
二、拓展提升
一．语法填空
It’s 1． lng-term questin fr teachers: 2． d yu get children wh hate physical activity t take part in PE lessns? A Nrthamptn primary schl believes it has the answer.3． (Design) t make the least active pupils take an interest in their fitness, a prgram 4． (intrduce) at Lings Primary Schl recently. And nt nly have the pupils develped an interest in activities ranging frm ftball t ballrm dancing, accrding t the schl, but their schl wrk has als imprved 5． (significant).
The students als turn up n time—Ling nw has the best 6． (attend) recrd in the cuntry at 98 percent. The turnarund had been achieved by simply making PE fun. Instead f 7． (climb) wall bars and running n the spt, the pupils practice exercises such as mving like animals. One rutine invlves crawling arund the flr like a bear and mving arund like grillas. In 8． , the children try t maintain their balance n the bards made f rubber, all f which stretch their muscles and imprve fitness.
Barness Campbell, wh chairs the Yuth Sprt Trust, which designed the prgram, said, “We want 9． (shw)yung peple that physical activity is fun and a great way t learn skills which will stay with them 10． life.”
【答案与解析】
考查冠词。句意：对教师来说，这是一个长期的问题。分析句子, questin 译为问题，是可数名词，此处表示单数需在其前加a / an。questin 的修饰词lng辅音音素开头。故填a。
考查特殊疑问句。句意：如何让讨厌体育活动的孩子参加体育课。分析句子，划线部分缺“如何”之意，故填hw。
考查非谓语动词。句意：旨在使最不活跃的学生对他们的健康产生兴趣。分析句子，Design所处的分句无主语，故此处用非谓语动词。Design和逻辑主语a prgram之间表示被动关系。故需用过去分词作状语,表示被动。故填Designed。
考查动词时态和语态。句意：最近，Lings小学引进了一项计划。分析句子，intrduce所处简单句中无其余动词，故此处需填动词的时态。又因逻辑主语a prgram和intrduce之间表示被动关系，句中有表示现在完成时的时间状语recently，且主语表示单数。综合分析，此处需用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been intrduced。
考查副词。句意：学校表示，学生们不仅对从足球到交际舞的各种活动产生了兴趣，而且他们的学业也有了显著提高。分析句子，提示词significant的词性为形容词，修饰动词imprved，用副词。故填significantly。
考查名词。句意：学生们也准时到场，Ling现在有98%的出勤率是全国最好的。分析句子，该空作句子宾语，best的词性为形容词，修饰名词。故需将attendant 改为名词。故填attendance。
考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们练习的不是爬墙栏杆，也不是原地跑，而是像动物一样移动。分析句子，f 为介词，介词后面用ding形式。故填climbing。
考查代词。句意：在另一场比赛中，孩子们试着在橡胶制成的滑板上保持平衡，这样可以拉伸肌肉，提高体能。分析句子，此处表示在“另外一场”比赛中。故填anther。
考查固定句型。句意：我们想向年轻人表明，体育活动是有趣的，也是学习技能的好方法，这些技能将伴随他们一生。分析句子，want后面接动词不定式是固定搭配。want t d sth 译为 想要做某事。故填t shw。
考查介词。句意：我们想向年轻人表明，体育活动是有趣的，也是学习技能的好方法，这些技能将伴随他们一生。分析句子，fr life译为“终生”是固定短语。故填fr。
完形填空
When he was yung，Emmett Diggs liked nthing mre than bxing.He even __21__ a natinal prize in 1961.__22__ at age 45，he wasn't able t mve as usual.A dctr tld him he had Parkinsn's disease (帕金森病)．__23__，he thught nthing f it until ne day while cleaning the __24__ n his hands and knees，he fund that he culdn't get up withut __25__.After that，he began t feel __26__ and shwed n interest in ding anything.It was the __27__ perid Emmett had experienced.
One mrning，Emmett's wife，Patty, __28__ with him a newspaper stry abut a man with Parkinsn's disease wh practiced a __29__ training called Rck Steady Bxing (RSB)，which __30__ shadw bxing (拳击练习) with strength training.
S，Emmett decided t turn t Jhn，the lcal prgram directr，fr help.When they first met，Jhn __31__ Emmett bxing glves and let him take ver a heavy __32__.Just putting n the glves brught wnderful __33__ back fr Emmett.When Jhn said，“Hit the bag.” Emmett did as he was tld.“It felt __34__ as the bag was hitting back，” Emmett said excitedly.
Sn，Emmett __35__ a regular RSB class f a dzen peple wh were dealing with Parkinsn's disease like him.Emmett's bxing skills __36__ them all and sn they became friends.Over time，the class became smething f a(n)__37__ grup in which they culd share their pains and hpes.
“I had thught Parkinsn's disease was ging t __38__ everything that mattered t me，” Emmett has written.“__39__，it didn't change my lve fr bxing and gave me a __40__ t knw a new grup f guys wh are ptimistic and supprtive.”
【语篇解读】 语篇类型是记叙文，主题语境是生活。本文讲述了拳击手Emmett Diggs患帕金森症后，虽然经历过一段黑暗期，但最终在妻子的帮助下重新振作，重拾拳击事业并结识了一群积极向上、乐于助人的病友的故事。
21．A.wn B．made
C．brughtD．lst
A [根据前文的Emmett Diggs liked nthing mre than bxing及even表示的递进关系可知，Emmett Diggs热爱拳击，甚至还获过大奖。]
22．A.GraduallyB．Unfrtunately
C．SecretlyD．Recently
B [根据后文的A dctr tld him he had Parkinsn's disease可知，很不幸，Emmett Diggs不再行动如常。]
23．A.At nceB．At last
C．At leastD．At first
D [根据后文he thught nthing f it until ne day及After that可知，起初，Emmett对医生的话不以为然，直到有一天他发现自己无法独立站起来，才意识到问题的严重性。]
24．A.flrB．windw
C．deskD．chair
A [根据空后n his hands and knees可知，当时Emmett正跪在地上清理地板。]
25．A.questinB．permissin
C．helpD．reasn
C [参考第23题解析。]
26．A.delightedB．amazed
C．disappintedD．puzzled
C [根据后文shwed n interest in ding anything.It was the ____ perid Emmett had experienced可知，认识到病情后，Emmett开始一蹶不振，他的人生进入了一段黑暗期。]
27．A.bestB．darkest
C．shrtestD．busiest
B [参考上题解析。]
28．A.playedB．agreed
C．wrkedD．shared
D [根据后文a newspaper stry abut a man with Parkinsn's disease可知，妻子和他分享了一个身患帕金森症的男子坚持锻炼的故事。]
29．A.mentalB．scial
C．physicalD．technical
C [根据后文which ____shadw bxing with strength training可知，报纸上的那名男子把拳击练习和力量练习结合起来创造了一个名为RSB的训练，主要针对的是体能练习。]
30．A.cmparesB．matches
C．cnfusesD．cmbines
D [参考上题解析。]
31．A.handedB．bught
C．sldD．sent
A [根据下文and let him take ver a heavy ____可知，Jhn把拳击手套递给Emmett并让出一个大沙袋供他训练。]
32．A.bagB．bx
C．ladD．debt
A [根据后文的When Jhn said，“Hit the bag.”Emmett did as he was tld 可知，教练Jhn把沙袋让给他锻炼。]
33．A.hnrsB．stries
C．regretsD．memries
D [根据空前Just putting n the glves brught wnderful可知，一戴上拳击手套，Emmett关于拳击的美好记忆全都涌上了心头。]
34．A.difficultB．great
C．sftD．dangerus
B [根据后文Emmett said excitedly可知，能够练习拳击Emmett感到很高兴。]
35．A.leftB．taught
C．jinedD．missed
C [根据上下文可知，没过多久，Emmett就参加了一个RSB的定期训练课程，并结识了很多跟他一样身患帕金森症的病友。]
36．A.mvedB．impressed
C．changedD．cnvinced
B [根据上下文可知，Emmett高超的拳击技术，给人们留下了深刻的印象。]
37．A.interestB．pressure
C．supprtD．rescue
C [根据后文的in which they culd share their pains and hpes可知，这个班级的成员们在一起分享他们的痛苦与希望，相互扶持，相互支撑。]
38．A.take upB．take away
C．put ffD．put ut
B [根据前文的Emmett患病后不能动弹，一度让他崩溃，再结合had thught可知，他原以为帕金森症会把他的一切都夺走。]
39．A.ThusB．Besides
C．InsteadD．Hwever
D [根据上文I had thught及后文it didn't change可知，前后文之间是转折关系。]
40．A.chanceB．hpe
C．lessnD．dream
A [根据上下文可知，帕金森症没有改变Emmett对拳击的爱，还让他有机会结识了一群积极向上、乐于助人的病友。]
三、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hw wuld yu feel if yu wke up and fund yur entire cmputer's cntents－including yur phts and yur recent dcuments n lnger 41.________ (access)？What if yu fund ut that they had 42.________(wipe)frm yur cmputer，leaving yu with nthing but heartache?
Guess what? It happens t peple every single day.Every day，peple acrss the cuntry head int their lcal Apple stre in 43.________(tear)with brken cmputers in hand，praying as they wait in line that an expensive repair might，just might，recver 44.________ priceless，irreplaceable files.A few are lucky，45.________ fr the rest，there's nthing anyne can d 46.________(help)．
Hasn't it happened t yu？If yur cmputer 47.________(remain)unprtected，it will，and it's nly a matter f time.But thanks 48.________ recent breakthrughs in the cmputer backup technlgy，yu nw have a number f ptins t prepare，and if yu're smart，when yur cmputer crashes，yu shuldn't have any prblem 49.________(get) 100% f yur files back that same day.I'm nt talking abut an external hard drive.I'm talking abut an nline backup slutin than runs 50.________(quiet) in the backgrund n yur cmputer.If yu have a kind f this prgram installed，when yur cmputer crashes，yu'll be just ne click away frm bringing yur files back t life.
【语篇解读】 你想象过哪一天你电脑里所有的东西，包括存放的图片和重要文件都丢失了的情况吗？那样的话该怎么办呢？
41．accessible [考查词性转换。在动词fund后作宾语补足语，说明宾语yur entire cmputer's cntents的状态应用形容词。]
42．been wiped [考查语态。句子的主语they指代前文的yur entire cmputer's cntents，与谓语动词wipe之间为动宾关系，故应用被动语态。过去完成时的被动语态形式为had been dne，故填been wiped。]
43．tears [考查名词的数。in tears(眼里)含着泪，为固定短语。]
44．the/their [考查限定词。此处表示这些无价的，不可替代的文件或他们的无价的，不可取代的文件，故填the 或their。]
45．but [考查并列连词。空前一句表示一些人是幸运的，空后表示对于其他的人(的文件)却是任何人都无能为力的。空前和空后构成转折关系，故用but连接。]
46．t help [考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式表示目的。]
47．remains [考查时态。整篇文章以一般现在时为主，介绍的是一般情况，且此处句子的主语为yur cmputer，为单数，故谓语动词用remains。]
48．t [考查介词。thank t幸亏，由于，为固定搭配。]
49．getting [考查非谓语动词。have prblems ding sth.做某事有困难，为固定搭配。类似的还有have truble/difficulty ding sth.。]
50．quietly [考查词性转换。修饰谓语动词runs要用副词，故填quietly。]
四.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Our life tday has many prblems.One f the biggest prblems are pllutin.Water pllutin has made ur rivers and lakes dirty.It killed ur fish and pllutes ur drinking water.Nise pllutin makes us t talk luder and becme angry mre easy.Air pllutin is the mst serius kind f pllutin，what is bad fr living things in the wrld.
We need t d a lt f thing t fight pllutin.Factries must clean ur waste water befre it pured.We can't thrw waste things n the grund.We can g t wrk by bus and with ur friends in a same car.Everybdy must help t fight pllutin.
[答案]
Our life tday has many prblems.One f the biggest prblems eq \f(are,①is) pllutin.Water pllutin has made ur rivers and lakes dirty.It eq \f(killed,②kills) ur fish and pllutes ur drinking water.Nise pllutin makes us eq \f(t,③) talk luder and becme angry mre eq \f(easy,④easily).Air pllutin is the mst serius kind f pllutin，eq \f(what,⑤which) is bad fr living things in the wrld.
We need t d a lt f eq \f(thing,⑥things) t fight pllutin.Factries must clean eq \f(ur,⑦their) waste water befre it eq \(\s\up7(∧ ),\s\d5(⑧is)) pured.We can't thrw waste things n the grund.We can g t wrk by bus eq \f(and,⑨r) with ur friends in eq \f(a,⑩the) same car.Everybdy must help t fight pllutin.
①考查主谓一致。“ne f＋the＋复数名词”表示“……之一”，此结构作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式，所以are改为is。
②考查时态。文章的主体时态为一般现在时，此处应与and后的pllutes在时态上保持一致，故用一般现在时。
③考查非谓语动词。make用作使役动词，take与us是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处要用省略t的不定式作宾语补足语。
[名师点津]
在短文改错中，make用作使役动词时，对其宾补形式的考查通常有两种：d和dne。常见结构是：make＋宾语＋d(宾语与d之间为主谓关系)；make＋宾语＋dne(宾语与d之间为动宾关系)。
④考查副词。此处用副词easily修饰动词短语becme angry。
⑤考查 定语从句。先行词是Air pllutin，指物，故此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语。
⑥考查名词的数。a lt f后接可数名词复数，故thing改为things。
⑦考查代词。此处与句子主语Factries呼应，所以用their。
[名师点津]
短文改错中代词的考查方向主要体现在“一致性”上：即“上下文人称的一致性”，“单复数的一致性”和“性别的一致性”。要注意分析句子结构，根据上下文判断代词的指代对象。
⑧考查语态。it指代waste water，与动词pur之间构成意义上的动宾关系，所以用被动语态。
⑨考查连词。“坐公交车”与“和朋友共用一辆小汽车”之间为选择关系，所以用r。
⑩考查冠词。same前通常要用定冠词the修饰，如：at the same time，in the same class等。
五、书面表达（共1小题）
2018年的平昌冬奥会和正在筹备中的2022年北京冬奥会再次让体育运动成为人们关注的 社会热点话题之一。请根据以下要点，写一篇关于体育运动的短文：
1.体育运动的好处；
2.体育运动可能带来的副作用；
3.个人参加体育运动的体会；
注意：1.词数100词左右
2.可适当发挥，不可逐一翻译
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【参考范文】
Sprts benefit us in many ways. First, sprts can make us fit and strng. When taking part in sprts, we get the change t train almst all parts f ur bdies. Secnd, when we're in a lw spirit, taking part in sprts can help us frget ur wrries. Finally, sprts can teach us sme lessns abut life. Thrugh participatin, we knw that we nt nly struggle fr urselves, but als fight fr ur team.
But smetimes sprts can als bring us sme truble. It's especially true when we cannt plan ur activities prperly. T much exercise may make us exhausted.
I'm fnd f sprts because I nt nly gain a well balanced life thrugh sprts, but als get mre chances t make mre friends, t mve clser t nature. Sprts add happiness t my everyday life when I participate in them in a prper way.