专题01 重点单词变形、词组、句型--2022-2023学年高二英语期中考点大串讲（人教版2019）

重点单词变形、词组、句型清单

Unit 1

一．重点单词变形

1.committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→commit vt. 承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)　vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→commitment n. 投入；承诺

2．conclusion n. 结论；推论→conclude v. 下结论；得出结论

3．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→acknowledgment n. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢

4．gentle adj. 温柔的；文静的→gently adv. 温柔地；温和地

5．boil vt.&vi. (使)沸腾；煮开；烧开　n. 沸腾；沸点→boiled adj. 煮开的→boiling adj. 沸腾的

6．remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的→remarkably adv.惊人地→remark v．&n. 谈论；评论

7．consequence n. 结果；后果→consequent adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv. 结果；因此

8．evaluate vt. 评价；评估→evaluation n. 评价；评估

9.apparently adv. 显而易见；看来；显然→apparent adj. 显而易见的；明显的

10．gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地→gradual adj. 逐渐的

11．analyse vt. 分析→analyst n. 分析师；分析家→ n. 分析→(pl.) analyses

12．scientific adj. 科学(上)的；关于科学的→scientifically adv. 合乎科学地→science n. 科学→scientist n. 科学家

13．vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的→ adv. 极其

14．theory n. 理论；学说→theoretical adj. 理论上的

15．novelist n. 小说家→novel n. (长篇)小说

16．politician n. 从政者；政治家；政客→politics n. 政治→political adj. 与政治有关的

17．relativity n. 相对论；相对性→relative adj. 相对的n. 亲戚→relate v. 叙述；使有联系；有关联

18.infer vt. 推断；推定→inference n. 推断；推论→/inferred/inferring (过去式/过去分词/现在分词)

19．passion n. 酷爱；激情→passionate adj. 热情的；狂热的

20．academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj. 学业的；学术的→academically adv. 学业上；学术上

21.botanical adj. 植物学的→botany n. 植物学

22．objective n. 目标；目的　adj. 客观的→object n. 物体v. 反对→(反)subjective adj. 主观的

23．distinct adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinctive adj. 独特的；特别的；有特色的→distinction n. 清楚；清晰

二．重点短语

1. with the objective of (doing)   以(做)……为目的 

2. insist on    坚决要求 

3. wear and tear   (正常使用造成的)磨损; 损耗 

4. come to power  (开始)掌权; 上台 

5. take up a position 担任; 任职 

6. sum up    总结; 概括 

7. get stuck   进入僵局; 被卡住 

8. by chance   偶然; 意外地 

9. lead to    导致, 通向 

10. stand up to  经得起; 抵抗; 勇敢地面对

三．重点句型

1. 句型公式: 关系副词引导非限制性定语从句

In the beginning,  Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common (在那里疟疾较为普遍),  to study malaria patients.  

2. 句型公式: 关系代词引导非限制性定语从句

Later,  the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered(大部分受试患者都康复了).  

3. 句型公式: 动名词与动词不定式作动词宾语的区别

They then tried boiling fresh wormwood (试着把新鲜的青蒿煮沸),  and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria,  but this did not work either.  

4. 句型公式: upon/on doing sth. 当……时

Upon/On hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,  she said, “The honour is not just mine. ” 

当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时, 她说: “荣誉不只是属于我自己的。”

Unit 2

一．重点单词变形

1．persuade vt.劝说；说服→persuasive adj.有说服力的→persuasion n．说服

2．distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→distance n．距离

3．secure adj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt.获得；拴牢；保护→security n．安全；保护措施

4．integrate vi.& vt.(使)合并；成为一体→integrated adj.各部分密切协调的；综合的

5．efficient adj.效率高的；有功效的→efficiently adv.有效地→efficiency n．效率；效能

6．preference n．爱好；偏爱→prefer vt.更喜欢；偏好

7．obey vi.& vt.服从；遵守→disobey vt.不服从

8．warning n．警告；警示；先兆→warn vt.警告

9．abnormal adj.不正常的；反常的→normal adj.正常的

10．critical adj.严重的；关键的；批判性的→critic n.评论家→criticize vt.批评；评论→critically adv.批判性地

11．potential adj.可能的；潜在的 n．潜力；可能性→potentially adv.潜在地；可能地

12．electrical adj.电的；用电的→electric adj.电的；电动的；用电的→electricity n．电；电学；电流

13．fantasy n．幻想；想象→fantastic adj.极好的

14．detect vt.发现；查明→detective n．侦探

15．combine vt.& vi.(使)结合；混合→combination n．结合；联合

16．predict vt.预测；预言；预料→prediction n．预测；预言

17．occupation n.职业；占领→occupy vt.占据；占用；使忙碌→occupied adj.被占领的；被占用的；忙于…的

18．oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠→opposed adj.反对的→opposite adj.对面的；相反的→opposition n．反对

19．absence n．不存在；缺乏；缺席→absent adj.缺席的；不在的；缺乏的

20．emphasis n．强调；重视；重要性→emphasize vt.强调

21．resist vi.& vt.抵制；反抗；抵挡→resistance n．抵制；反对；抗拒

二．重点短语

1. switch off/on 　　　 关/开(电灯、机器等) 

2. remote control   遥控器; 遥控 

3. air conditioner   空调机; 空调设备 

4. daily routine    日常生活 

5. early on     在初期; 早先 

6. catch fire     着火 

7. in this sense   从这种意义上来讲 

8. keep in touch (with. . . )  (与……)保持联系; 了解(某课题或领域的情况)  

9. look into the future  展望未来 

10. pros and cons   正反两方面  

三．重点句型

1. 句型公式:  将来进行时

However, in the not-too-distant future,  we will be living in smart homes(将生活在智能住宅中) that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget.  

2. 句型公式: the instant (that)一……就……

Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door(你一进家门) along with your favourite music or TV programmes,  and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.  

3. 句型公式: 疑问词+动词不定式

It will also give you suggestions on a healthier diet and how to sleep better(如何睡得更好).   

4. 句型公式: on the one hand一方面

On the one hand(一方面),  there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.  

Unit 3

一．重点单词变形

1．visible adj.看得见的；可见的→invisible adj.看不见的→vision n．视力；视觉

2．prohibition n．禁止；阻止；禁令→prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止；阻止

3．journalist n．新闻记者；新闻工作者→journal n．日志；杂志

4．rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的→reward vt.报答；酬劳；奖赏

5．cycle n．自行车；摩托车；循环 vi.骑自行车→cyclist n．骑自行车的人

6．appeal vi.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求；上诉n.吸引力；呼吁；上诉；请求→appealing adj.有吸引力的；恳求的

7．amusement n．娱乐(活动)；愉悦→amuse vt.(提供)消遣；(使)娱乐→amusing adj.逗人笑的；有乐趣的→amused adj.逗乐的；觉得好笑的

8．fashion n．时尚；时兴；流行款式→fashionable adj.时尚的

9．entertainment n．娱乐；招待；娱乐活动；文娱节目→entertain vt.招待；款待；使欢乐→entertaining adj.使人愉快的；有趣的

二．重点短语

1. on the move　 在行进中; 在移动中 

2. set out  出发; 启程; (怀着目标)开始工作 

3. live off   依靠……生活; 以吃……为生 

4. theme park  主题公园; 主题乐园 

5. appeal to 有吸引力; 有感染力; 呼吁; 上诉; 打动 

6. up to   达到(某数量、程度等); 直到; 不多于; (体力或智力上)能胜任 

7. upside down  颠倒; 倒转; 翻转 

8. on one’s own terms  按自己的意愿行事

9. catch one’s eye  引起某人的注意  

10. apart from 除……之外; 且不说; 并且 

三．重点句型

1. 句型公式: 动名词短语作主语

Being in such a beautiful and wild place(身处这样一个美丽而荒凉的地方) makes me feel blessed to be alive.  

2. 句型公式: whichever, whatever引导让步状语从句

Whichever and whatever you like(不论你喜欢哪一个, 喜欢什么),  there is an incredible theme park that will appeal to you!  

3. 句型公式: anything like多少有点像

If today is anything like(多少有点像) yesterday,  it will be full of sweat and hard work as I hike over this difficult land to my destination on the other side of the valley.  

4. 句型公式: 倒装语序

Following the reindeer were the Sami people(在驯鹿之后来的是萨米人),  who made this territory their home.  

Unit 4

一．重点单词变形

1．interaction n．交流；相互影响→interact vi.相互交流；相互影响

2．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化；种类

3．approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；同意；批准→approving adj.赞许的；赞成的

4．employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employee n．雇员；受雇者→employer n．雇主；雇用者→employment n．雇用；聘用

5．differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的；有差异的→difference n．差别；差异

6．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favorable adj.赞成的；有利的

7．anger n．愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的→angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地

8．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.依赖；信赖

9．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微

10．assess vt.评估；评价→assessment n．评价；评定

11．educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育

12．barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚→bare adj.赤裸的；光秃秃的；空的

13．occupy vt.占据；占用→occupied adj.有人使用的；忙于……的；被占领的→occupation n．占领；职业

14．distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的

15．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→anxious adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的

16．embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的→embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬

17．ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→shame n．羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的

18．adjust vt.调整；调节vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应

19．react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；作用

二．重点短语

1. by contrast　　　　 相比之下 

2. by comparison   (与……)相比较 

3. make inferences   推理; 推断 

4. break down    消除; 分解; 打破 

5. straighten up    直起来; 整理; 收拾整齐 

6. in other words   换句话说; 也就是说 

7. call on     (短暂地)访问; 要求(某人讲话等); 正式邀请 

8. at work     有某种影响; 在工作 

9. be ashamed of   因……而感到羞愧 

10. in conflict with sb. (over sth. )  (在某事上)与某人相冲突/有争执/不一致

三.经典句式

1. 句型公式: 动名词短语作表语

The crucial thing is using body language(使用肢体语言) in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.  

2. 句型公式: 动名词短语作宾语

However,  you should avoid making this gesture (使用这个手势)in Brazil and Germany,  as it is not considered polite.  

3. 句型公式: with+宾语+宾语补足语

It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open(睁着眼睛).  

4. 句型公式: not (all) that+形容词或副词

Many students are quite shy and don’t speak all that much (不怎么说话).  

 Unit 5

一．重点单词变形

1．devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devotion n．献身；忠诚；热爱

2．convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincing adj.有说服力的；使人信服的→convinced adj.确信的；坚信的

3．assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→assume v．假定；设想→assuming conj.假定；假设

4．consumption n．消耗；消耗量；消费→consume vt.消耗；消费；吃；喝→consumer n．消费者；用户；客户

5．salty adj.含盐的；咸的→salt n．盐

6．extension n．扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→extend vt.伸开；展开；延伸

7．chemical adj.与化学有关的；化学的 n．化学制品；化学品→chemistry n．化学

8．nutritional adj.营养(物)的→nutritious adj.有营养的；营养丰富的→nutrition n．营养；滋养

9．depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj.深的→deepen vt.加深；(使)变深

二．重点短语

1. devote. . . to　　　把……用于; 献身; 致力; 专心

2. be comprised of 包括; 由……组成(或构成) 

3. deep down   在内心深处; 本质上; 实际上 

4. in turn     相应地; 转而; 依次; 轮流 

5. for instance   例如; 比如 

6. turn to     转向 

7. keep. . .  from. . .  使……免受(影响、伤害等) 

8. expand into. . .  扩大成/发展成为…… 

9. through intense effort                         通过不懈的努力

10. far from    几乎相反, 远非; 远离 

三．重点句型

1. 句型公式: 主语从句

However, what concerned him most (最让他担心的是)was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.  

2. 句型公式: 介词+关系代词

Indeed,  his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers,  to whom he has devoted his life( 他为之奉献了一生的).  

3. 句型公式: 动词不定式作目的状语

To tackle this crisis (为了应对这一危机), he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.  

4. 句型公式: given that 考虑到

Given that(考虑到)Yuan’s hybrids have made him quite wealthy,  one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.