专题4.阅读理解、7选5串讲及精练--2022-2023学年高一英语期中考点大串讲（人教版2019）

这是一份专题4.阅读理解、7选5串讲及精练--2022-2023学年高一英语期中考点大串讲（人教版2019），文件包含专题4阅读理解7选5串讲及精练教师版--2022-2023学年高一英语期中考点大串讲人教版2019docx、专题4阅读理解7选5串讲及精练学生版--2022-2023学年高一英语期中考点大串讲人教版2019docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共63页， 欢迎下载使用。

阅读理解、7选5串讲及精练

一．细节理解题
根据题干中的关键词，回到原文定位信息区间，稍加比对，就能得出正确答案。因此，对于这类题目要力求读得快、找得准、答得对，力争不丢分，保住基本分才能得高分。但有些细节理解题由于命题人故意设置障碍，把有用信息分散在文章不同位置，有时又有转折、否定等，因此有些题目需要仔细地思考、对比、计算、对上下文关键信息把握和分析。尽管细节理解题相对简单，但不可掉以轻心。细节理解题常见的考查题型有：直接信息题、间接信息题、概括细节理解题和正误判断题。
二．猜测词义题
　　根据上下文猜测词义是阅读能力的一部分，也是高考阅读理解测试中重要的一项。要做好这类题目，考生要记住：在完整的语篇中，单词和词组的意义总是受特定的语境、上下文限制的，因此考生可以根据上下文，并利用所掌握的语法、词汇和构词法等知识确定它们的意义。词义猜测可以是对一个单词的意义的推断，也可以是对一个短语或句子的意义的推断；既可以考查生词的意义，也可以考查熟词的新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，而要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或短语的含义。
By saying that “...” in the first (second ...) paragraph, the author means that ________.
In Paragraph ..., “...” can be replaced by “______”．
The meaning of “...” in Paragraph ... is related to ________.
Which of the following has the closest meaning to ... (Paragraph ...)？
As is used in Line ..., the word “...” refers to ________.
The underlined sentence in the ... paragraph probably means that ________.

三．推理判断题
解答该类型题目时一定要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息之间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”和“言外之意”。在进行推断时，要据文推理、合情推理，不可脱离原文主观臆断。
推理判断能力的考查主要体现在以下几个方面：(1)根据所提供的事实和证据得出结论。(2)对语段的深层含义进行推理判断。(3)对语段的言外之意进行推理判断。(4)对文段的背景进行推理判断。
四．主旨大意题
是阅读理解中考生失分最多的题目，因为该类试题不仅考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。此类题目可分为三大类，即标题归纳题、文章大意题和段落大意题。要做好主旨大意题，我们首先必须了解其正确选项和干扰选项的特征。
正确选项特征
干扰选项特征
1.涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段。
2.确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小。
3.精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。
1.过于笼统，不知所云
所给选项内容概括的范围过大，超出文章所述内容。
2.以偏概全，主次不分
所给选项只阐述了文章的一部分内容，或以文章中的细节信息或个别词作为选项的设置内容，或以次要的事实或细节充当全文的主要观点。
3.移花接木，偷换概念
所给选项被命题者有意识地把本属于A的内容放在B上，若不留神，极易选错答案。
4.无中生有，生搬硬套
所给选项的关键词语虽然在文章中谈到了，但经过仔细阅读分析之后，发现选项的内容与文章的内容毫无联系。

随堂练习
一
2021-2022学年福建省福州市八县（市、区）一中高一上学期期中联考英语试题
Exploration is about how we experience our most meaningful geography. A geography education without actively learning how to explore places is as frustrating as teaching music lessons without sound. Besides that, in its widest sense, exploration has the potential to be one of the most enjoyable and rewarding things we humans will ever do. It can be good for developing problem-solving, teamwork, social and other vital skills. Therefore, we should be given the opportunities to learn properly how to do it.
The sad reality is that millions of children are socially and geographically deprived (剥夺的). Their learning environments lack the diversity of place and experience-based opportunities that they need to develop well and as a result, they will not reach their full potential.
There is plenty of research showing that many children have little time and space to explore, play and learn outdoors. Perhaps most shockingly, Dirt is Good conducted a survey which found that three-quarters of UK children spend less time outside than prisoners, that the amount of time children spend playing in natural places has decreased and that a fifth of children do not play outside on an average day.
There are a large number of good and complex reasons why parents do not let their children play (and so learn) outdoors and not overcoming these barriers comes with its own risks. Changing the parenting cultures that are overly limiting many children’s freedom will potentially need efforts of generation after generation.
Partially as a response to this situation, an increasing number of doctors are providing social prescriptions (处方). Instead of being offered medicine for a mental or physical illness, young patients are being prescribed time with nature, volunteering, doing sports or some other activities instead.
Teachers are, in many ways, in a better position to provide time and space for children to benefit from experiences that help them not only to learn, but also to be well. Teachers can   spare both formal and informal time and space for exploration that helps not just children who are ill, but also those who are well to remain well or become even better.
31．What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about?
A．The way to reach full potential. B．The methods of doing exploration.
C．The different attitudes to exploration. D．The importance of doing exploration.
32．What can we learn from the survey of Dirt is Good?
A．Prisoners in the UK are treated very well.
B．Children are badly in need of time outdoors.
C．Children are becoming less outgoing nowadays.
D．There aren’t enough natural places in many countries.
33．What do we know about the process of changing parents’ attitude?
A．It’s interesting but tiring. B．It’s complex and risky.
C．It’s challenging but worthwhile. D．It’s troublesome and demanding.
34．By mentioning social prescriptions, the author wants to say _______.
A．playing outside can promote people’s health
B．traditional medicines may have side effects
C．experienced doctors are in short supply
D．mental illness needs special treatment
35．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?
A．①-②③④⑤-⑥ B．①-②③-④⑤⑥
C．①②③-④⑤-⑥ D．①②-③④-⑤⑥
【答案】31．D32．B33．C34．A35．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了出外探索的重要性，提出了儿童在外接触自然的时间较少的原因。最后文章从父母，医生和老师的角度提出了解决方案。
31．D【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段认为A geography education without actively learning how to explore places is as frustrating as teaching music lessons without sound（地理教育如果不积极地学习如何探索地方，就像教音乐课没有声音一样令人沮丧）。另外作者认为Besides that, in its widest sense, exploration has the potential to be one of the most enjoyable and rewarding things we humans will ever do. It can be good for developing problem-solving, teamwork, social and other vital skills（除此之外，在最广泛的意义上，探索有可能成为我们人类将要做的最愉快和最有回报的事情之一。它有助于培养解决问题、团队合作、社交和其他重要技能）。综合分析，文章第一段在告诉我们出外探索重要性。故选D项。
32．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段Perhaps most shockingly, Dirt is Good conducted a survey which found that three-quarters of UK children spend less time outside than prisoners, that the amount of time children spend playing in natural places has decreased and that a fifth of children do not play outside on an average day（也许最令人震惊的是，Dirt is Good的一项调查发现，四分之三的英国儿童在户外的时间少于囚犯，儿童在自然场所玩耍的时间减少了，五分之一的儿童平均每天不在户外玩耍）可知，英国儿童在户外玩耍的时间很少，他们急需多走出去。故选B项。
33．C【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段Changing the parenting cultures that are overly limiting many children’s freedom will potentially need efforts of generation after generation（改变过度限制许多孩子自由的养育文化可能需要一代又一代的努力）可知，改变父母的养育文化需要一代又一代的努力。同时根据前文第二段提及的父母限制孩子在户外玩耍的时间不利于孩子们的成长。综合分析，改变父母的限制孩子自由的养育文化具有挑战性，但又很值得。故选C项。
34．A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段Instead of being offered medicine for a mental or physical illness, young patients are being prescribed time with nature, volunteering, doing sports or some other activities instead（他们没有为精神或身体疾病提供药物治疗，而是规定年轻患者去大自然、做志愿者、做运动或其他活动）可知，出外游玩可以有利于身体健康。故选A项。
35．B【解析】推理判断题。综合分析文章，文章第一段提出了外出探索的重要性。然后在文章第二和第三段描述了有很多小孩子的外出自由受到了限制的现象。文章最后三段提到了改变这种现象的 方法，包括了改变父母的教养文化，医生的帮助以及老师的指导。综合分析可知，故选B项。
二
2021-2022学年福建省龙岩市六县一中联考高一上学期期中考试英语试题
A recent announcement in China limits teenagers to playing video games for up to one hour a day on weekends and holidays. To make sure the restriction (规定) is followed, video platforms will need real-name recognition and facial recognition.
As is reported, these measures have been welcomed by Chinese parents. The restrictions are aimed at the gaming companies, which have profited greatly at the cost of young people’s health and growth.
A report compared video games to “spiritual opium” (精神鸦片) for China’s youth. They are influencing teenagers’ behavior in daily life, especially those who have not developed the proper time management skills. The way of restrictions may not be perfect, but it can send the right message to teenagers, as well as gaming companies who are using technology to drag users deeper and deeper into using their products.
The gamming companies should consider developing more learning games or serious games, instead of games that serve no particular purpose other than making money. There is much we can learn from the gaming world. Learning can be a game in a way to guide students toward success if we design education programs to lead students through levels, from easy to challenging. Students should be provided opportunities to fail in a safe environment and gain valuable experience for growth. And when they have mastered a skill, they can celebrate it to feel a deep sense of satisfaction.
Working in an education organization, I have noticed teachers who successfully use gaming in their courses. And I have also seen gamming companies working hard to produce valuable educational gaming tools or platforms. These tools help schools and teachers encourage students to achieve various learning goals.
Education in many parts of the world is filled with ills, including the lack of purpose and efficiency. Perhaps gaming can teach us something.
32．What does the underlined word “They” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Video platforms. B．Gaming companies. C．Gaming restrictions. D．Video games.
33．What is the author’s attitude towards China’s gaming restrictions?
A．Doubtful. B．Critical. C．Supportive. D．Unconcerned.
34．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A．Video games can be turned into teaching tools.
B．All games harmful to teenagers should be forbidden.
C．Teenagers should learn from online games.
D．New technology is needed to help develop serious games.
35．What is the author’s aim in writing the text?
A．To call on teenagers to give up playing online games.
B．To put forward a new way of making good use of video games.
C．To inform people of the newly announced gaming restrictions.
D．To draw the public attention to the bad effects of video games.
【答案】32．D33．C34．A35．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们最新宣布的游戏限制并提出一种利用电子游戏的新方法。
32．D【解析】词句猜测题。根据前文“A report compared video games to “spiritual opium”   for China’s youth.（一份报告将电子游戏比作中国青少年的“精神鸦片”。）”可知，这里是说明电子游戏的危害，影响青少年的日常生活行为，所以They指代的是“电子游戏”。故选D。
33．C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“They are influencing teenagers’ behavior in daily life, especially those who have not developed the proper time management skills. The way of restrictions may not be perfect, but it can send the right message to teenagers, as well as gaming companies who are using technology to drag users deeper and deeper into using their products.（它们正在影响青少年的日常生活行为，特别是那些没有发展出适当的时间管理技能的青少年。限制的方式可能并不完美，但它可以向青少年以及游戏公司传递正确的信息，这些公司正在利用技术让用户越来越深入地使用他们的产品。）”可推断，作者对中国的游戏限制持支持态度。故选C。
34．A【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Working in an education organization, I have noticed teachers who successfully use gaming in their courses.（在一家教育机构工作时，我注意到一些老师成功地在他们的课程中使用了游戏。）”可知，电子游戏可以变成教学工具。故选A。
35．B【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“There is much we can learn from the gaming world. Learning can be a game in a way to guide students toward success if we design education programs to lead students through levels, from easy to challenging. Students should be provided opportunities to fail in a safe environment and gain valuable experience for growth.（我们可以从游戏世界中学到很多东西。在某种程度上，学习可以成为一种引导学生走向成功的游戏，如果我们设计的教育项目能够引导学生通过从容易到有挑战性的关卡。学生应该有机会在安全的环境中失败，并获得宝贵的成长经验。）”可推断，作者写本文的目的是提出能引导学生往有益的方向发展的游戏的新方法。故选B。
三
2021-2022学年福建省宁德市同心顺联盟校高一上学期期中联考英语试题
Have you ever wondered if you see the same colours as other people? Most people know what blue is when they see it. They call it "blue” because they were taught the word and connected it with what they saw. But how do you know what you see as blue isn't someone else's red?
The ability to perceive （感知）different colours is up to receptors （接受器）in our eyes. Light waves hit these receptors and they react depending on which colour the light is, sending signals to the brain. The brain then reads these signals to determine which colour light the eyes are receiving.
Some people's receptors are more developed than others. The inability of the receptor to feel the light waves correctly means that some people cannot tell the differences between similar colours. Those with more developed receptors can see more colours. We sometimes hear people having an argument about whether something is dark blue or black. It might be because one person has stronger receptors to feel the light than another.
In the past, most scientists would argue that everyone saw colours in the same way. However, research was conducted on monkeys, in which their receptors were changed. This enabled them to see more colours than usual. Normally monkeys can only see blue and green, but the change allowed them to see red. Their brains automatically got used to new colours. This suggests that our brains may find new colors of the things we see. Colours could be a very personal experience , unique to everyone.
So, the next time you talk about your favourite colour, just remember if yours is blue and your friend says red, you two might actually be thinking about the same colour. What if everyone in the world has the same favourite colour, but just calls it different names?
12．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．How we perceive colours. B．The inability to see colours.
C．What the brain does with signals. D．The connection between receptors and light waves.
13．Which of the following might the author agree with?
A．Some people cannot feel colours with their developed receptors.
B．The more light people feel, the weaker receptors they have.
C．People with poor receptors usually have colour weakness.
D．People who have strong receptors can see dark blue.
14．What's the purpose of conducting the research on monkeys?
A．To test the monkeys with colours. B．To develop the receptors of humans.
C．To enable monkeys to find more colors. D．To prove everyone sees colours in a different way.
15．Where does the text probably come from?
A．A film review. B．A science magazine.
C．An art journal. D．A business newspaper.
【答案】12．A13．C14．D15．B

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人眼分辨颜色背后的科学。
12．A【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段的首句“The ability to perceive （感知）different colours is up to receptors （接受器）in our eyes. Light waves hit these receptors and they react depending on which colour the light is, sending signals to the brain. The brain then reads these signals to determine which colour light the eyes are receiving( 感知不同颜色的能力取决于我们眼睛里的感受器。光波击中这些感受器，感受器根据光的颜色做出反应，向大脑发送信号。然后大脑读取这些信号，以确定眼睛接收到的是哪种颜色的光。)”可知本段主要讲我们如何感知不同的颜色。故选A。
13．C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Those with more developed receptors can see more colours.( 受体更发达的人能看到更多的颜色。)”可知受体发达的人能看见更多的颜色，由此可推知受体不发达的人看到的颜色少，可能存在辨别色彩的障碍。故选C。
14．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段首句“In the past, most scientists would argue that everyone saw colours in the same way. ( 在过去，大多数科学家会认为每个人看到颜色的方式都是一样的。)”及后面的转折“However, research was conducted on monkeys, in which their receptors were changed. This enabled them to see more colours than usual. Normally monkeys can only see blue and green, but the change allowed them to see red.”然而，在猴子身上进行的研究发现，它们的受体发生了变化。这使他们能比平时看到更多的颜色。通常猴子只能看到蓝色和绿色，但这种变化让它们看到了红色。可知前后意思是相反的，即对猴子进行研究的目的是证明每个人看颜色的方式不一样。故选D。
15．B【解析】推理判断题。本文第一段以一个例子发问引出接下来文章要讨论的主题，故第二段首句“The ability to perceive （感知）different colours is up to receptors （接受器）in our eyes.( 感知不同颜色的能力取决于我们眼睛里的感受器。)”是本文主题，主要讲感知色彩和眼中接收器的关系，故本篇文章可能出现在科普杂志上。故选B。
四
2021-2022学年福建省福州市协作体四校高一上学期期中联考英语试题
Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often think that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.
I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund(基金）(our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor）.
For weeks, I’ve been thinking of bigger, deeper questions: How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chose a red rubber ball—simple, universally available. We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it, rolling it, sitting on it, throwing it. It was totally, completely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.
We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.
11．What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．The more, the better. B．Enough is enough.
C．More money, more worries. D．Earn more and spend more.
12．What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects?
A．Saving up for her holiday B．Raising money for a poor girl
C．Adding the money to her fund D．Giving the money to a sick mother
13．Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd?
A．To try out an idea B．To show a parent’s love
C．To train his attention D．To help him start a hobby
14．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Take It or Leave It B．A Lesson from Kids
C．Live More with Less D．The Pleasure of Giving
15．Which adjective do you think can best describe the author ？
A．brave B．wise
C．confident D．easygoing
【答案】11．A12．C13．A14．C15．B

【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章讲述作者引导孩子主动捐献玩具，并从玩耍简单玩具中获得快乐的做法。
11．A【解析】词句猜测题。第一段中“Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings?(当涉及到孩子和他们的财产时，为什么我们经常认为more is more？)”是描述“我们”对孩子和他们的财产的认识；第一段最后一句“The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less(好消息是我可以帮助自己的孩子比我更早的时候学习如何用更少的钱生活得更精彩)”是对其的回应。再结合文中第三段的一个观点句：For weeks, I've been thinking of bigger, deeper questions: How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less?(几个星期以来，我一直在思考更大、更深入的问题:我们如何让它成为他们的习惯?我们如何训练自己来帮助他们用更少的需要和更少的使用来生活?)”可知，本文提倡简单法则，即用的少，却更好地享受生活，而“我们”认为more is more，即The more, the better.（越多越好）。故选A项。
12．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund(基金)(当我们答应把钱存入她的学校基金时，她选择了卖掉一些不太常用的大物件)”可知，承诺把钱加入她的基金使得Georgia同意卖掉她的一些物品。故选C项。
13．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest.( 昨天，我和我的儿子Shepherd坐在一起，决定测试一下我自己的理论。我决定只和他玩一个玩具，只要它能保持他的兴趣。)”可知，作者和儿子Shepherd一起玩是为了尝试一个想法。故选A项。
14．C【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.(好消息是我可以帮助自己的孩子比我更早的时候学习如何用更少的钱生活得更精彩)”可知，作者想教会孩子how to live more with less，第二、三段是描述作者的尝试，所以文章是围绕用简单的东西得到更多的快乐这一主题。故选C项。
15．B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often think that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.(成年人理解被物品淹没的感觉。为什么我们总是认为孩子和他们的财产越多越好呢?好消息是，我可以帮助我自己的孩子比我更早地学会如何用更少的钱生活。)”及文章内容可知，人们并不是拥有得越多就越好，但是在处理涉及孩子及其财产时却认为越多越好，作者在孩子很小的时候就灌输用更少的物品活出更精彩的生活的观念，由此可推知，作者是明智的。故选B项。
五
2021-2022学年福建省南安市柳城中学、南安六中高一上学期期中联考英语试题
It might sound unbelievable, but mind control television could soon become a reality. This technology could one day replace the remote control.
When testing the prototype, the users were able to operate a headset that allowed them to operate it and choose what they wanted to watch by concentrating. The device can know what you want to watch by reading the changes in brain activity. Cyrus Saihan, head of Business Development at BBC Digital, said the technology was still at an experimental stage.
Writing in a BBC blog, he said an experiment with ten members found they could all use the headset to start watching a program. He continued, “You can imagine a world where instead of having to get up from your sofa or reach for your remote control, you just think ‘put BBC 1 on’ when you want to watch TV. Imagine sitting in your car and thinking ‘I want to listen to Radio 4’ and hearing the radio station come on. Perhaps you would be able to just think ‘give me the latest news’, and then get served with a set of news.”
But Mr. Saihan added, “It’s important to know that it’s very early days, and while the devices are still improving, what they can do is still quite basic. Hopefully, it gives an idea of how audiences of the future might be able to control devices such as TVs just using their brain.” It is hoped that the system could be used to help those with disabilities in the future.
12．What do we know about mind control television from the text?
A．It is still at the test stage. B．It is just in people’s mind.
C．It has become a reality already. D．It has been well received by customers.
13．What was a headset intended to do in the test?
A．To read the users’ minds. B．To change the channels by itself.
C．To cause changes in people’s brains. D．To remind the users of the programs.
14．What does Cyrus Saihan mainly talk about in Paragraph 3?
A．The users of the new technology. B．The market for the new technology.
C．The new technology used in the cars. D．The convenience of the new technology.
15．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Mr. Saihan shows less interest in the technology.
B．The technology can only be applied in TVs.
C．The disabled may benefit from the technology in the future.
D．The technology will improve the development of brains.
【答案】12．A13．A14．D15．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了精神控制电视可能很快就会成为现实，这项技术有一天可能会取代遥控器。文章介绍了这项技术的优势以及未来的发展方向。
12．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“It might sound unbelievable, but mind control television could soon become a reality. This technology could one day replace the remote control.(这听起来可能难以置信，但精神控制电视可能很快就会成为现实。这项技术有一天可能会取代遥控器)”以及第二段中“Cyrus Saihan, head of Business Development at BBC Digital, said the technology was still at an experimental stage. (BBC Digital业务发展主管Cyrus Saihan表示，这项技术仍处于实验阶段)”可知，精神控制电视目前仍处于测试阶段。故选A。
13．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“When testing the prototype, the users were able to operate a headset that allowed them to operate it and choose what they wanted to watch by concentrating. The device can know what you want to watch by reading the changes in brain activity. (在测试原型时，用户可以通过耳机来操作，并通过集中注意力来选择他们想看的节目。该设备可以通过读取大脑活动的变化来知道你想看什么)”可知，在测试中耳机的作用是读懂用户的想法。故选A。
14．D【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Writing in a BBC blog, he said an experiment with ten members found they could all use the headset to start watching a program. He continued, “You can imagine a world where instead of having to get up from your sofa or reach for your remote control, you just think ‘put BBC 1 on’ when you want to watch TV. Imagine sitting in your car and thinking ‘I want to listen to Radio 4’ and hearing the radio station come on. Perhaps you would be able to just think ‘give me the latest news’, and then get served with a set of news.”(他在BBC的博客中写道，他对10名成员进行了一项实验，发现他们都可以使用耳机开始观看节目。他继续说道：“你可以想象这样一个世界，当你想看电视时，你不用从沙发上起来，也不用伸手去拿遥控器，你只要想‘打开bbc1频道’就行了。想象一下，你坐在车里，想着“我想听第4广播”，然后听到广播电台的声音。也许你只要想想‘告诉我最新的消息’，就能得到一系列的消息。”)”可知，第三段主要谈论了新技术的便利。故选D。
15．C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It is hoped that the system could be used to help those with disabilities in the future.(人们希望这个系统将来可以用来帮助那些残疾人)”可推知，残疾人将来可能从这项技术中受益。故选C。
六
2021-2022学年山东省菏泽市高一上学期期中考试英语试题
Plants don't bleed red and scream the way antelopes (羚羊)do when lions bite them, but they often die all the same if they can't defend themselves. A study by researchers at Missouri and the University of British Columbia proves that plants not only know when they're being eaten,but that they can tell several different insects apart even when they cat at the same time.
Appel and her coauthors-Jack Schultz, a University of Missouri researcher who led the study, and Joerg Bohlmann, a University of British Columbia researcher who performed genetic (基因的) studies, along with six others-planted Arabidopsis seeds in a lab and allowed them to grow to a size that caterpillars (毛毛虫)and worms love. Then they let the insects eat the plants. Plants lose water and tissue and, worse, might get infected (感染)with some sort of bacteria, but generally they live to see another day.
The researchers found that the plants produced chemicals that gave them the unpleasant smells to drive the insects away. Moreover, there were different genetic responses to each worm, showing that the plant actually knew what was eating them.
The study, financed by the National Science Foundation and published in the journal Frontiersin Plant Science, wasn't carried out for charity. Arabidopsis is an important plant that can bring in a lot of money for farmers.
This could allow agriculturalists who grow and design cash crops to give them the skills to drive off farm pests (害虫).“If we want to grow plants that can keep insects away,” Appel said, we might as well find out how they respond to different insects that feed on them.
12．What is the best title of this text?
A．Plants can know which insects are eating them
B．New plants help farmers earn more money
C．Scientists found a new way to grow plants
D．Scientists found plants could protect themselves
13．How do plants protect themselves?
A．By changing their genes. B．By producing special chemicals.
C．By loosing water and tissue. D．By telling who is eating them.
14．What shows that plants know who is eating them?
A．Plants have different genetic reactions.
B．Plants produce the same chemicals.
C．Plants have skills to drive off farm pests.
D．Plants can tell several different insects apart.
15．The result of the study can be helpful to________
A．protect a rare plant from dying out B．deal with pests
C．to design a new kind of insect D．raise money for charity
【答案】12．A13．B14．A15．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了植物可以知道哪些昆虫正在吃它们并通过研究发现其机制。
12．A【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“A study by researchers at Missouri and the University of British Columbia proves that plants not only know when they're being eaten,but that they can tell several different insects apart even when they cat at the same time.(密苏里州和英属哥伦比亚大学的研究人员进行的一项研究证明，植物不仅知道它们什么时候被吃掉，而且它们甚至能在同一时间分辨出几种不同的昆虫)”及全文可知，文章介绍了植物可以知道哪些昆虫正在吃它们并通过研究发现其机制。由此可知，“Plants can know which insects are eating them(植物可以知道哪些昆虫正在吃它们)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
13．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“The researchers found that the plants produced chemicals that gave them the unpleasant smells to drive the insects away.(研究人员发现，这些植物产生的化学物质使它们散发出难闻的气味来赶走昆虫)”可知，植物通过生产特殊化学品保护自己。故选B。
14．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Moreover, there were different genetic responses to each worm, showing that the plant actually knew what was eating them.(此外，对每一个蠕虫有不同的遗传反应，这表明植物确实知道是什么在吃它们)”可知，植物有不同的遗传反应表明植物知道谁在吃它们。故选A。
15．B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“This could allow agriculturalists who grow and design cash crops to give them the skills to drive off farm pests.(这可以让种植和设计经济作物的农民获得赶走农场害虫的技能)”可知，研究结果对害虫防治具有一定的指导意义。故选B。
七
2021-2022学年山东省烟台市高一上学期期中考试英语试题
Germany’s top court has ruled that parts of the country’s 2019 climate (气候) action law must be changed because they don’t do a good job of protecting young people. The result is a big victory for the nine young people who started the law suing (诉讼).
The court suing stresses an important part of the climate change: The change will impact greatly on young people far more than the adults. That’s because the effects of earth warming will become more serious over time. As young people become adults, they’ll be left to deal with many problems that today’s adults have ignored. The government’s failure to plan carefully was putting their future lives in danger.
In 2019, Germany passed a new law, promising that the country would be carbon neutral (碳中和) by 2050. The law made a detailed plan of action until 2030. But the law didn’t have any specific rules or plans for climate actions that would be taken between 2031 and 2050.
Last Thursday, the judges of Germany’s highest court agreed with the young people. They said that not taking climate action made the basic rights of young people to a good future in danger.
The young people had challenged the government’s law in four specific areas. The judges didn’t agree with all of the challenges. But having the court support even a part of their case is seen as a big victory. Neubauer is one of the young people who sued. She works with the climate action group Fridays For Future. Ms. Neubauer said, “Climate protection is our basic right. This is a huge win for the climate movement. It changes a lot.”
The court has given the German government until the end of 2022 to fix the law. The climate law will now need to have a much more detailed plan for the actions that will be taken after 2030 to cut Germany’s pollution, allowing it to become carbon neutral by 2050. Germany’s government has said that it will quickly begin working to make the needed changes.
12．Why did the nine young people sue the Germany government?
A．They faced a higher rate of losing jobs.
B．The government refused their law suing.
C．The local court ruled against the climate law.
D．They weren’t satisfied with the climate action law.
13．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A．The adults nowadays are put under pressure.
B．The climate change will influence the young.
C．Earth warming is becoming out of control.
D．Humans feel uncertain about the future.
14．What is the government required to do about the climate law?
A．Improve the present law.
B．Win people’s wide support.
C．Take strict punishment measures.
D．Achieve carbon neutral in advance.
15．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A．Business. B．Health.
C．Education. D．Environment.
【答案】12．D13．B14．A15．D
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道九名年轻人因对政府所制定的解决气候问题的政策不满向德国最高法院起诉，而成功促使政府制定更详尽的计划，以保护年轻人。
12．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Germany’s top court has ruled that parts of the country’s 2019 climate (气候) action law must be changed because they don’t do a good job of protecting young people. The result is a big victory for the nine young people who started the law suing (诉讼).（德国最高法院裁定，该国2019年气候行动法的部分内容必须进行修改，因为它们没有很好地保护年轻人。结果是9名开始起诉的年轻人取得了巨大的胜利）”和第三段“The law made a detailed plan of action until 2030. But the law didn’t have any specific rules or plans for climate actions that would be taken between 2031 and 2050.（该法律制定了一个到2030年的详细行动计划。但该法律没有任何具体的规则或计划，以应对2031年至2050年间可能采取的气候行动）”可知，因制定的法律不够完善，九名年轻人起诉获胜后，德国最高法院裁定2019年气候行动法进行修改。由此推知，他们是因为对气候行动法不满意才起诉的。故选D。
13．B【解析】主旨大意题。根据本段的主要内容，尤其第一句“The court suing stresses an important part of the climate change: The change will impact greatly on young people far more than the adults.（法院的诉讼强调了气候变化的一个重要部分:气候变化对年轻人的影响将远远大于成年人） ”可知，本段主要陈述气候变化对年轻人的影响。故选B。
14．A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The court has given the German government until the end of 2022 to fix the law.The climate law will now need to have a much more detailed plan for the actions that will be taken after 2030 to cut Germany’s pollution, allowing it to become carbon neutral by 2050. （法院要求德国政府在2022年底之前修改该法律。现在，气候法律需要有一个更详细的计划，以便在2030年后采取行动减少德国的污染，使其在2050年达到碳中和）”可知，德国政府被要求改善现有的气候法。故选A。
15．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Germany’s top court has ruled that parts of the country’s 2019 climate (气候) action law must be changed because they don’t do a good job of protecting young people. （德国最高法院裁定，该国2019年气候行动法的部分内容必须进行修改，因为它们没有很好地保护年轻人） ”和最后一段的“The court has given the German government until the end of 2022 to fix the law.The climate law will now need to have a much more detailed plan for the actions that will be taken after 2030 to cut Germany’s pollution, allowing it to become carbon neutral by 2050. （法院要求德国政府在2022年底之前修改该法律。现在，气候法律需要有一个更详细的计划，以便在2030年后采取行动减少德国的污染，使其在2050年达到碳中和）”可知，本文陈述的内容主要是通过更完善的气候法来减少污染，是与环境相关的话题。由此推知，本文很有可能出现在报纸的“环境”版面。故选D。
八
山东省临沂市兰山区2021-2022学年高一上学期中考试英语试题
I had always wanted to see England, Scotland and Wales. So when my brother suggested that we take a week — long vacation together somewhere, I immediately did an Internet search. It was at that time when I found Expat Explore. It was a travel agency that could offer just what I wanted at an acceptable price. In fact, I was afraid that it was too good to be true! So I went back to Google to look for evaluations (评价) of Expat Explore. And I could only find positive things.
My second trip with Expat Explore was my first solo trip. I met several people travelling alone on my first trip and after talking with them, I decided to give it a try. When I landed in London by myself for the first time. I wondered why I had thought this was a good idea. My fears didn’t go away until the next morning I met up with the tour group.
I have lived my entire life in the U.S. , so it is so amazing to visit a place like the Colosseum (角斗场) in Rome that was built over 1, 500 years before America was discovered! Many buildings I have always considered historical in the U.S. are very modern in comparison to those in Europe. The more of the world I see, the more I want to discover the rest of it.
There are my tips for travelling to a place that you never have been to. You’d better plan your vacation through a combination of suggestions from travel agencies and relevant information from the Internet. And there are still many things you couldn’t expect before the trip. I still remember the day when I first visited London, I couldn’t find my way to the hotel I booked before. I felt really anxious at first, but later I tried to keep calm and ask the locals how I could go to the hotel. They were friendly to give me several ways to choose. You can also download apps such as iTranslate and Google Maps on your phone, so that you could understand people who only speak their native language.
32．What did the author find about Expat Explore according to Paragraph 1?
A．It provided free travel choices.
B．It mainly focused on travels in Europe.
C．It offered satisfying services at affordable prices.
D．It allowed tourists to design special travel programs.
33．How did the author feel when she travelled alone for the first time?
A．Satisfied. B．Excited.
C．Frightened. D．Bored.
34．According to Paragraph 3, what does the author think of travelling?
A．Travelling encourages her to broaden her view.
B．Travelling gives her more chances to make friends.
C．Travelling develops her interest in modern America.
D．Travelling increases her desire to learn foreign languages.
35．What’s the author’s purpose by mentioning her travelling experience in the last paragraph?
A．To tell us the importance of translation tools.
B．To teach us how to communicate with the locals.
C．To warn us about the common accidents when travelling.
D．To show how to plan for unexpected situations during travelling.
【答案】32．C33．C34．A35．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者旅行的经历。作者认为旅行鼓励她开阔视野。告诉人们如何在旅行中计划意想不到的情况。
32．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“It was at that time when I found Expat Explore. It was a travel agency that could offer just what I wanted at an acceptable price.(正是在那个时候，我发现了Expat探索。这是一个旅行社，可以以可以接受的价格提供我想要的东西)”可知，作者在第1段中发现Expat Explore会以可负担的价格提供满意的服务。故选C。
33．C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“My fears didn’t go away until the next morning I met up with the tour group. (我的恐惧直到第二天早上和旅游团见面才消失)”可知，作者第一次独自旅行“感到害怕”。故选C。
34．A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“The more of the world I see, the more I want to discover the rest of it. (我看到的世界越多，我就越想发现剩下的东西)”可知，作者认为旅行鼓励她开阔视野。故选A。
35．D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There are my tips for travelling to a place that you never have been to, You’d better plan your vacation through a combination of suggestions from travel agencies and relevant information from the Internet. And there are still many things you couldn’t expect before the trip.(我的建议是旅行到一个你从未去过的地方，你最好通过从旅行社和互联网上的相关信息的结合来计划你的假期。在这次旅行之前，还有很多事情是你无法预料的)”可知，作者提到她在最后一段的旅行经历的目的是为了展示如何在旅行中计划意想不到的情况。故选D。
九
山东省济南市章丘区2021-2022学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题
China’s new bullet train is now the world’s fastest land vehicle (交通工具) China Rail-way Rolling Stock Corporation showed the production version of its magnetic levitation (磁悬浮) bullet train in Qingdao on Tuesday. State media says the train has a top speed of 373 mph. That speed doesn’t just make it the fastest train in the world, but makes it the fastest land vehicle. The bullet train is able to travel at such high speeds because of magnetic levitation. The technology uses electro-magnetic force to levitate the body of the vehicle less than two inches from the rails and drive it forward along the tracks. By riding on a cushion of air, friction (摩擦力) is completely reduced, allowing it to travel faster than traditional trains where wheels and rails are constantly in contact. Although China has made use of the technology for a couple decades now, it’s only ever been used at very limited areas.
China Railway says its bullet train will greatly help cut down travel time. At top speedy the vehicle will be able to complete the 754-mile trip between Beijing and Shanghai in just two and a half hours. That same trip takes just over three hours by plane, five and a half hours by current high-speed rail options or 12 hours by car. That could make the train an especially attractive travel option for business travelers in the country. It’s unclear when the new bullet train will go into operation. The vehicle that the company showed off on Tuesday is the finished article.
Of course, the train’s record might not stand for long. The Central Japan Railway Company is testing a maglev train. It will be able to top out at 375 mph, according to New Atlas. But that isn’t expected to be shown in public until 2027 at the earliest. That gives China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation plenty of time to refine and upgrade its bullet train and push its top speed even higher.
32．What can we know about the China’s new bullet train?
A．It is the fastest land vehicle.
B．It is close to the speed of sound.
C．It has gone into operation widely.
D．It has taken the place of the traditional train.
33．What challenge might China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation face?
A．The poor management of it.
B．The lack of money used to improve the train.
C．The competition from Japanese company.
D．The shortage of creativity from its engineers.
34．What is the attitude of the author to China’s bullet train?
A．Objective. B．Doubtful.
C．Unconcerned. D．Unfriendly.
35．What is the text mainly about?
A．The world’s most costly train. B．The China’s new bullet train.
C．The China’s modem trains. D．The world’s fastest vehicle.
【答案】32．A33．C34．A35．B
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了中国新型快速列车的问世，介绍了它最快的原因，优势以及受到来自日本企业的竞争。
32．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“China’s new bullet train is now the world’s fastest land vehicle (交通工具)”（中国的高速列车现在是世界上最快的陆地交通工具）由此可知，中国的高速列车现在是世界上最快的陆地交通工具。故选A项。
33．C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Of course, the train’s record might not stand for long. The Central Japan Railway Company is testing a maglev train. It will be able to top out at 375 mph, according to New Atlas.”（当然，这列火车的纪录可能维持不了多久。日本中部铁路公司正在测试磁悬浮列车。据新阿特拉斯报道，它的最高时速将达到375英里）由此可知，中国铁路总公司面临来自日本公司的竞争挑战。故选C项。
34．A【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“China’s new bullet train is now the world’s fastest land vehicle (交通工具)；The bullet train is able to travel at such high speeds because of magnetic levitation.”（中国的高速列车现在是世界上最快的陆地交通工具。由于磁悬浮，子弹头列车能够以如此高的速度行驶）根据第二段“China Railway says its bullet train will greatly help cut down travel time.”（中国铁路表示，快速列车将大大缩短旅行时间）根据第三段“Of course, the train’s record might not stand for long. The Central Japan Railway Company is testing a maglev train. It will be able to top out at 375 mph, according to New Atlas.”（当然，这列火车的纪录可能维持不了多久。日本中部铁路公司正在测试磁悬浮列车。据新阿特拉斯报道，它的最高时速将达到375英里）可知，短文报道了中国新型快速列车的问世，介绍了它最快的原因，优势以及受到来自日本企业的竞争。作者对此没有发表任何自己的观点。只是客观说明事实。由此判断出，作者的态度是客观的。故选A项。
35．B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“China’s new bullet train is now the world’s fastest land vehicle (交通工具) China Rail-way Rolling Stock Corporation showed the production version of its magnetic levitation (磁悬浮) bullet train in Qingdao on Tuesday.”（中国的高速列车是目前世界上速度最快的陆地车辆。周二，中国轨道交通股份有限公司在青岛展示了其磁悬浮高速列车的版本）以及报道了中国新型快速列车的问世，介绍了它最快的原因，优势以及受到来自日本企业的竞争。所以短文主要是关于中国新型快速列车。故选B项。
七选五
第一步：看位置----定类型
挖空位置
逻辑关系
具体解读
段首题
主旨句
常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。
承上启下句
此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
段中题
例证关系
前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words/that is to say等。
转折关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转， 则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有： but, however, yet, while/though/although, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, in contrast/comparison, by comparison等。
因果关系
表示因果关系的标志词语有：so, therefore, thus, consequently(结果), as a result (of), so/such ...that ..., so that ...等。
递进关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, likewise, similarly, what's more, what's worse, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not ... but ..., not only ... but also等。
并列关系
表示并列关系的标志词语有：and, first(ly), second(ly); first, then/next; to begin with, some ... others ...; for one thing, for another thing; then/next, finally/last等。
段尾题
总结句
用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
承上启下句
此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
第二步：由类型--定技法
主旨概括题
主旨概括题主要考查考生对文章或段落进行概括的能力，它要求考生在阅读文章时，能够提炼其中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用概括能力提取文章的主题、观点以及作者的情感态度。这类题常以考查段落标题为主，设题位置一般在段首，有时总结性的语句也会出现在段中或段尾。这类题有时也会考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主题句，一般会在首段设空。概括起来讲，命题人通常从两个方面设题：①概括文章或段落的主题句或结论性语句；②段落标题。
解答主旨概括题通常采用浏览的方式，即重点搜索本段的主题线索词并快速理清主旨大意，然后浏览选项，准确判定出与主旨大意匹配的选项。
[例]　
●__39__ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
A．You will stick to your diet.
B．Your quality of sleep improves.
C．You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D．There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E．You can keep your head clear for 4－10 hours after exercise.
F．After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G．If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen up!
[分析]　设空位于段首，应为本段主题句。主题句一般是对上文或下文内容的总结，快速浏览本段，本段提到slept better, difficult to relax, a peaceful sleep，依据这些关键词汇可概括本段说的是晨练比晚上锻炼更能改善睡眠，因此选B。
语段过渡题
语段过渡题所涉及的句子是过渡句，具有承上启下的作用，该题型主要考查考生对篇章的理解能力和对上下文之间逻辑关系的分析能力。其设空位置比较灵活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解这类题通常可采用位置判断法。
如果设空位于段首，要前瞻后望找提示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与之衔接，并结合本段内容，看所选的答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。
如果设空位于段中，重点阅读该空的前一句和后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；如果还没有把握，再分析该段的中心句。
如果设空位于段尾，在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联时，可考虑与下一段开头之间的衔接。仔细阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与所选选项紧密连接起来。
[例]　
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. __39__. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
A．While all of them are useful
B．Whatever you're looking for
C．If you're experimenting with a color
D．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with
E．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
[分析]　设空处在段中，所填句子应是过渡句。该空前一句主要内容是“medium color choices”，是G项中“small ones”的升级。该空后一句介绍了两种方式的颜色选择，与G项中的“two major ways”相呼应，故选G。
随堂练习
一
2021-2022学年福建省福州市八县（市、区）一中高一上学期期中联考英语试题
You may be wondering what benefits students gain from cooperative learning. The answer is many! Other than giving students the opportunity to learn from each other, cooperative learning, of course, teaches a number of social and emotional skills. ____36____
Leadership Skills
In order for a cooperative learning group to succeed, individuals within the group need to show leadership abilities. ____37____ Natural leaders become quickly obvious in small groups, but most students don’t naturally want to lead. Assign(分配) leadership roles of different importance to every member of a group to help all individuals practice leading.
Communication Skills
____38____All members of a cooperative learning group have to learn to speak productively with one another to stay on track. By teaching students to share confidently, listen carefully, and speak clearly, they learn to value the input of their teammates and the quality of their work improves greatly.
____39____
There are many decisions to be made in a cooperative environment. Encourage students to think as a team to make joint decisions by first having them come up with a team name.   ____40____ Make sure that each student has their own responsibilities in cooperative learning groups. Much like leadership skills, decision-making skills cannot be developed if students are not regularly practicing them.
A．Teamwork Skills
B．Decision-Making Skills
C．From there, have them decide who will complete what tasks.
D．Without this, the group cannot move forward without a teacher.
E．Effective teamwork requires good communication and responsibility.
F．Often, leaders of the group are also the ones that make most of the decisions.
G．The following skills developed through regular and effective cooperative learning are just a few of many.
【答案】36．G37．D38．E39．B40．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要向读者介绍3种通过合作学习可以培养的技能。
36．G【解析】根据上文“cooperative learning, of course, teaches a number of social and emotional skills.(当然，合作学习可以教给我们许多社会和情感技能)”结合下文介绍的三个技能可知，此句应该是过渡句，选项G“The following skills developed through regular and effective cooperative learning are just a few of many.（接下来的可以通过规律有效的合作学习培养出来的技能仅仅是其中的几条）”复合题意。故选G项。
37．D【解析】根据上文“In order for a cooperative learning group to succeed, individuals within the group need to show leadership abilities.（为了让合作学习组可以成功进展，组内的每个人都需要展示出来领导能力）”可知，下文选D项“Without this, the group cannot move forward without a teacher.（没有这个能力，这个组就没有人领导，就不可能前行）”复合题意，选项中的this指代上文“每个人都需要展示领导能力”上下文意思一致。故选D项。
38．E【解析】根据小标题“Communication Skills（交流技能）”可知，下面这一段就应该是和培养交流技能有关的内容。选项E“Effective teamwork requires good communication and responsibility.（有效的合作要求好的交流和责任）”复合本段主旨。故选E项。
39．B【解析】此空是下面这一段的小标题，是这一段内容的中心。根据下文“There are many decisions to be made in a cooperative environment.（有许多的决定需要在合作的环境中做）”可知，这一段的内容和做决定的技能有关系。选项B“Decision-Making Skills（做决定的技能）”可以作为本段小标题。故选B项。
40．C【解析】根据上文“Encourage students to think as a team to make joint decisions by first having them come up with a team name.（鼓励学生们先从让他们一起为他们的团队想一个名字开始作为一个团队去做决定）”可知，接下来就是在决定好队名之后的其它事情，选项C“From there, have them decide who will complete what tasks.（然后，让他们决定谁将做什么任务）”复合语境和做事的先后关系。故选C项。
二
2021-2022学年福建省龙岩市六县一中联考高一上学期期中考试英语试题
The bee population is dropping sharply. In some areas, losses of honeybees are reported to be as high as 75 percent. ____36____ Bees are primary pollinators (授粉者) in both the human and animal food chains.
Few of us are research scientists and able to spare some lab time to help bees, but there are some things we can all do to assist bees.
Plant things that bees like. Bees are all about pollen (花粉). If you want to support many different varieties of bees, plant some things which will feed them. The good news here is that bee-friendly plants are easy to grow. ____37____ Try cherry trees, orange trees and other flowering trees.
____38____ Unlike honeybees, which live in man- made bee boxes, natural bees make use of many kinds of shelter; dead trees, branches and underground nest tunnels. You can help wood-nesting bees by setting out a few inexpensive bee blocks.
Avoid using garden pesticides (杀虫剂). Pesticides are bad for bees. ____39____ You’ll find plenty of tips at OrganicGardenPests. com.
Support your local beekeepers. Beekeeping as a hobby has reduced in recent years. Lack of funding and changes in bee populations have made raising bees less attractive, but we still rely heavily on honeybees to pollinate our crops and gardens. ____40____ There are health benefits to eating local honey, and keeping small beekeepers in business is good for everyone.
A．Provide bee shelter.
B．Ensure a good supply of pollen.
C．Flowering trees are attractive to bees.
D．Bees prefer flowers that are blue, purple or yellow.
E．Seek out your local beekeepers and buy their honey.
F．Search for organic and natural means of pest control.
G．The situation means a lot more than high honey prices.
【答案】36．G37．C38．A39．F40．E
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蜜蜂数量下降的现状，后果和举措。
36．G【解析】根据前文“The bee population is dropping sharply. In some areas, losses of honeybees are reported to be as high as 75 percent.(蜜蜂的数量正在急剧下降。据报道，在一些地区，蜜蜂的损失高达75%)”可知，本段讲述的是蜜蜂数量下降的后果。G选项“The situation means a lot more than high honey prices.(这种情况不仅仅意味着高昂的蜂蜜价格)”符合题意，故选G。
37．C【解析】根据后文“Try cherry trees, orange trees and other flowering trees.(试试樱桃树、橘子树和其他开花树)”可知，开花树对于蜜蜂具有吸引力。C选项“Flowering trees are attractive to bees.(开花的树对蜜蜂有吸引力)”符合题意，故选C。
38．A【解析】根据后文“Unlike honeybees, which live in man- made bee boxes, natural bees make use of many kinds of shelter; dead trees, branches and underground nest tunnels.(不像蜜蜂生活在人造的蜂箱里，天然的蜜蜂会利用各种各样的庇护所；枯树，树枝和地下巢穴隧道)”可知，本段讲述的是为了保护蜜蜂，采取措施提供庇护。A选项“Provide bee shelter.(提供蜜蜂庇护所)”符合题意，故选A。
39．F【解析】根据前文“Avoid using garden pesticides (杀虫剂). Pesticides are bad for bees.(避免在花园里使用杀虫剂。杀虫剂对蜜蜂有害)”可知，本段讲述的是要避免使用化学试剂，采取自然的方法。F选项“Search for organic and natural means of pest control.(寻找有机和自然的防治方法)”符合题意，故选F。
40．E【解析】根据前文“Support your local beekeepers.(支持你当地的养蜂人)”可知，本段讲述的是要支持当地养蜂人的举措和好处。E选项“Seek out your local beekeepers and buy their honey.(寻找你当地的养蜂人并购买他们的蜂蜜)”符合题意，故选E。
三
2021-2022学年福建省宁德市同心顺联盟校高一上学期期中联考英语试题
How to get motivated
You must think positively no matter how big a challenge is.If you think positively you will feel better and will be able to overcome challenges in life.Furthermore,meet an optimistic person and you will notice how motivated he is towards life.Remember,positive thinking gives you motivation to achieve what you want.___16___
One of the best ways to motivate oneself is to get inspired by others' success.___17___In stead,take inspiration from their success stories.This will make you motivated to get you want.Moreover,you can also read books that are written by inspirational and successful personalities.
There is a famous quote that reads,"A healthy body leads to a healthy mind."___18___Therefore,it is important to exercise.Whether you are working out in the gym or going for a long walk,make sure that you include an exercise plan in your daily routine.
___19___Therefore,it is important to break your routine and do something different.Either you go on a vacation or learn a new skill,it is important to break the sameness in your daily life.
Human beings are extraordinary individuals who are able to complete the hardest tasks and achieve the impossible.It is important to get out of your comfort zone and try something different.___20___
A．If your mind is healthy you will think positively.
B．Keeping yourself motivated is not a difficult task.
C．Don't be jealous of those who are successful around you.
D．You might lose motivation by doing the same things over and over again.
E．On the other hand,negative thinking will only cause more depression in your life.
F．By doing so you will get motivated and your attitudes towards life will be positive.
G．Do things that make you happy and find inspiration in everything you see possibly.
【答案】16．E17．C18．A19．D20．F
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我们该怎样激发自身积极性。
16．E【解析】上文说积极的想法可以激励你，此处与之形成对比，说的是消极的想法对你的影响，故选E（另一方面，消极的想法只会使你的生活更加抑郁）。
17．C【解析】下文说相反，要从他们成功的故事里获得激励，这说明此处应会提到有些人取得了成功，C项中的those who are successful around you与空前一句中的others' success相一致。故选C（不要嫉妒那些你身边成功的人）。
18．A【解析】上文说有一句名言是这样说的:“健康的身体会带来健康的心灵”，此处承接上文，讲的是健康的心态有助于积极思考，故选A（如果你的心态是健康的，你就会积极地思考）。
19．D【解析】下文说因此，重要的是打破你的常规，做一些不同的事情，这说明此处会提到墨守常规会给你带来不利影响，故选D（你可能一次又一次地做同样的事情而失去动力）。
20．F【解析】上文说走出你的舒适区，尝试一些不同的东西是很重要的，此处总结上文，说的是这样做的好处，故选F（这样做你会得到激励，你对生活的态度是积极的）。
四
2021-2022学年福建省福州市协作体四校高一上学期期中联考英语试题
Five steps to better handwriting
Some kids love handwriting, but others hate when it’s time to put their pen to paper. Maybe they are worried about their handwriting. Are you one of them? ____16____ Here are five steps that really work!
Get a great grasp
Try this — hold your pencil at the top and try to write your name. Pretty hard? But when you hold your pencil the correct way, writing is much easier. ____17____ Hold it in place with your thumb, and your index (食指) and middle fingers.
Let the lines be your guide
Lined paper is your friend! Those lines can help you create letters that are the right size and proportion (均衡). ____18____ Also be sure to fill up the lined space completely. Those capital letters should be from the bottom line to the top one.
Slow down
If your writing is hard to read, try slowing down a little. If you rush, it’s hard to control where you stop and start your letters.
Lower the pressure
____19____ That makes it harder to make the smooth lines. Try easing up and don’t hold the pencil too tightly.
____20____
Lots of games require you to write or draw pictures. So even though it’s not schoolwork, you’re still using the skills you need to control your pen better.
A．Play games
B．Ask for more advice
C．So “a” should be half the height of a capital “A”.
D．You’ve been writing since you were a little kid.
E．Some kids press down really hard when they write.
F．The good news is that just about everyone can improve their handwriting.
G．The best way to hold a pen or pencil is to let it rest next to the base of your thumb.
【答案】16．F17．G18．C19．E20．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了提高书写水平的五种方法。
16．F【解析】根据空后的Here are five steps that really work!（这里有五个真正有效的步骤）可知，下文是介绍练就一手好字的五个方法，F选项（好消息是几乎每个人都可以提高自己的书法水平）能承接下文，且选项中的handwriting和空前内容相呼应，故选F。
17．G【解析】根据本段的标题Get a great grasp和空前后的内容可知，G选项中hold a pen和前文的hold your pencil相呼应，thumb和下文的内容相呼应，且本段主要讲述的是注意握笔的姿势，G选项（拿钢笔或铅笔的最好方法是让它停在你的拇指底部旁边）能承接上下文，故选G。
18．C【解析】根据空前的Those lines can help you create letters that are the right size and proportion（这些线条可以帮助你创建正确大小和比例的字母）可知，C选项（所以a应该是A的一半高）在语义上因果关系，且选项中的大小写A和a与前文提到的the right size, proportion相呼应，故选C。
19．E【解析】根据本段标题Lower the pressure和下文的That makes it harder to make the smooth lines.（这样就更难画出平滑的线条）可知，E选项中的press和标题相呼应，hard和下文的harder相呼应，且语义（有些孩子在写字的时候非常用力）承接下文，故选E。
20．A【解析】根据篇章结构可知，此处应选择一个段落标题，再根据空后的Lots of games require you to write or draw pictures. （很多游戏都需要你写或画）可知，本段主要讲的是玩游戏也可以锻炼写字技巧，故A选项“玩游戏”能概括本段的标题。故选A。
五
2021-2022学年福建省南安市柳城中学、南安六中高一上学期期中联考英语试题
It takes time to really get to know someone, but first impressions often determine whether someone is willing to spend more time learning about you. In fact, people's first impressions are made within seven seconds of meeting someone new. ___16___
Show respect. People want to feel respected before they show you the same respect. ___17___ Be sure to treat everyone around you well, because it shows a lot about who you are.
Be enthusiastic. ___18___ Don't be afraid to show that you are interested in someone. In fact, people often see passion(激情)as a charming sign of strength and inspiration. Showing your enthusiasm by smiling or using friendly humor will make you seem easygoing.
___19___ Body language is as important as your words to first impressions. Make sure your posture is good, make strong eye can tact(眼神接触) and try to express your interest in others.
Try to avoid the bad days. If something unfortunate happens, you don't have to follow a scheduled meeting on the day. ___20___ Let them know you don't want unfavorable things to affect them. It'll show your ability to communicate effectively.
A．Make others feel lucky.
B．Instead, you can set another time.
C．Pay attention to your body language.
D．Show interest in the person you meet.
E．When you go out for dinner, be polite to waiters.
F．Be polite and show manners with “please” and “thank you”.
G．Here are some tips on how to make a good first impression.
【答案】16．G17．F18．D19．C20．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何给对方留下好的第一印象的方法。
16．G【解析】根据上文“It takes time to really get to know someone, but first impressions often determine whether someone is willing to spend more time learning about you. In fact, people's first impressions are made within seven seconds of meeting someone new.”(真正了解一个人是需要时间的，但是第一印象往往决定了一个人是否愿意花更多的时间来了解你。事实上，人们的第一印象是在认识新朋友的七秒钟内形成的)可知，上文引出第一印象这个话题，结合后文列举了给人留下良好第一印象的几种方法，判断该空为过渡句，有承上启下的作用，引出下文给人留下良好印象的建议，选项G.“Here are some tips on how to make a good first impression.”（这里有一些关于如何给人留下良好第一印象的建议）符合语境，故选G。
17．F【解析】根据上文“People want to feel respected before they show you the same respect.”(人们在对你表示同样的尊重之前，都希望自己受到尊重)可知，结合上文强调只有别人感觉到受尊重了，他才会尊重你可知，要尊重他人，即对人有礼貌，故本句承接上文说明要有礼貌。选项F.“Be polite and show manners with “please and thank you ” ”（礼貌地说‘请’和‘谢谢’”）符合语境，故选F。
18．D【解析】根据后文“Don't be afraid to show that you are interested in someone. Showing your enthusiasm by smiling or using friendly humor will make you seem easygoing.”(不要害怕表现出你对某人感兴趣。微笑或友好的幽默会让你看起来很随和)结合该段主旨为要热情可知，对遇到的人表现出兴趣。后文中 “show that you are interested in someone”可对应到D选项中“Show interest in the person” 。选项D.“Show interest in the person you meet.”（对你遇到的人表现出兴趣。）符合语境，故选D。
19．C【解析】本句为本段主旨句，根据后文“Body language is as important as your words to first impressions. Make sure your posture is good, make strong eye contact (眼神接触) and try to express your interest in others.”(肢体语言和你的语言对第一印象同样重要。确保你的姿势良好，有强烈的眼神接触，试着表达你对别人的兴趣)可知，后文提到肢体语言对第一印象的重要性，后文中Body language可对应到C选项中body language。选项C.“Pay attention to your body language.”（注意你的肢体语言）符合本段主旨，故选C。
20．B【解析】根据上文“If something unfortunate happens, you don't have to follow a scheduled meeting on the day.”(如果不幸的事情发生，当天你不必按照预定的时间去和人见面)以及后文“Let them know you don't want unfavorable things to affect them.”(让他们知道你不希望不愉快的事情影响他们)可知，上文提到了当有不好的事发生时，你没必要非要在同一天赴约，故本句应当是说明针对这种情况的解决方式是：你可以约另一个时间，从而避免让自己的消极情绪影响自己要见的人，选项B.“Instead, you can set another time. ”（相反，你可以设定另一个时间）符合语境，故选B。
六
2021-2022山东省菏泽市学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题
You may find lots of amazing people in your school who you admire. Actually, amazing students are unique individuals who have discovered and chosen to follow a few universal truths.   _____16_____ Here are some tips that can help you.
Remain organized. Amazing students know that their time and resources are valuable.
_____17_____They always keep test dates in mind. So they set aside time for studying and time for social lives. Similarly, you should also do all of this.
Amazing students recognize the limits of knowledge. They aren't shy to ask questions. When they need additional help, they quickly turn to their professors for help. They also find out additional resources, such as instructional videos, on topics that confuse them. _____18_____
Accept and look for feedback(反馈）。Negative(负面的）comments are hard to hear and easy to ignore. Amazing students, however, aren't defeated by negative comments. ___19___They use negative comments to improve their academic performance. So you should also read through your teacher's comments on papers, tests and exams, and carry out the suggested changes in your future learning.
____20____Amazing students are curious about the world around them. They often pay much attention to world cultures and social events. In an effort to increase your knowledge, allow your natural curiosity to lead you to increase new knowledge and equip you with new skills.
A．Learn from those around you.
B．Stay curious and keep learning.
C．What makes an amazing person?
D．Do you want to be amazing at school?
E．Thus, to be an amazing student, don't be afraid to ask for help.
F．As a consequence,they manage their time and resources wisely.
G．Occasionally, they'll even ask their professors for ways to improve.
【答案】16．D17．F18．E19．G20．B
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了如何在学校变得优秀的一些小提示。
16．D【解析】文章第一句提到“You may find lots of amazing people in your school who you admire. ”（你可能会发现学校里有很多你崇拜的优秀的人。）后文提到“Here are some tips that can help you.”（有一些小提示可以帮助你。），由此判断后文的内容是关于在学校里如何成为一个优秀的人的方法。D项使用问题的形式引出下文，且该项中 的“be amazing at school”（在学校里非常优秀）呼应前文。故选D。
17．F【解析】第三段提到“They always keep test dates in mind.”（他们总是能记住考试的时间。）由此判断该段内容与在校时间管理有关。F项提到“manage their time”（管理他们的时间），该项与段落内容一致。故选F。
18．E【解析】第四段提到“They aren't shy to ask questions.”（他们并不羞于问问题。）且该段中提到了优秀的学生会借助其他的方式来帮助自己学习。E项提到“don't be afraid to ask for help”（不要害怕寻求帮助），该项与前 文“并不羞于问问题”含义一致。故选E。
19．G【解析】第五段提到“Amazing students, however, aren't defeated by negative comments. ”（优秀的学生不会被负面的评论打败。），后文提到“They use negative comments to improve their academic performance. ”（他们会利用负面评论来提高自己的学术能力。）由此判断优秀的学生是可以通过老师的反馈不断提升自己。G项提到“they'll even ask their professors for ways to improve.”（他们甚至会向老师请教提升自己的方法。）G项起到承上启下的作用。故选G。
20．B【解析】最后一段提到“Amazing students are curious about the world around them.”（优秀的学生对他们周围的世界非常好奇。）好奇心是驱使优秀学生不断学习的动力。B项“stay curious”（保持好奇心）与段落大意一致，并引起后文。故选B。
七
2021-2022学年山东省烟台市高一上学期期中考试英语试题
Ways to Show Gratitude (感激)
COVID-19 has a way of making people feel like their world was turned upside down overnight. They struggle with feeling frightened and feeling like everyone is overreacting (反应过度). ___16___
Give thanks for everyday things
___17___ In fact, being grateful for something as small as a fresh cup of coffee, a sunny day, or a perfect parking spot can give you a better mood and train your brain to see the good rather than the bad.
___18___
One way to make gratitude a regular part of your day is to make it a habit to think of three things you are thankful for each day. It doesn’t really matter whether you perform this exercise first thing in the morning or just before you go to bed. The important thing is that you’re taking time and reflecting on what you are grateful for.
Keep track of everything you’re grateful for
Using a phone app like Gratitude Plus, you can record the things you’re grateful for. Another option is to use social media or even post-it notes to express your gratitude. ___19___ This way, when you’re feeling down, you can reflect on the things that previously (以前) brought a smile to your face.
Reflect on past negative experiences
Look back on the worst moments in your life. ___20___ Consider not only what you suffered, but also what you learned through the experiences. When you find the positive in negative experiences, you have turned them into something positive that does you good in the end.
A．Make gratitude a daily habit.
B．Stick to expressing gratitude in public.
C．Then, compare those with where you are now.
D．Gratitude doesn’t have to be over the top or something significant.
E．You can hardly stay strong while recalling the moments that ever happened.
F．But learning to practice gratitude every day can bring some changes to your life.
G．The key is to use a method to help you remember the things you are grateful for.
【答案】16．F17．D18．A19．G20．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明感恩的好处以及如何去感恩。
16．F【解析】根据前文“They struggle with feeling frightened and feeling like everyone is overreacting (反应过度).”（他们在害怕中挣扎,感觉所有人都反应过度）以及后文通过几个段落在说明如何保持感恩的心，可知中间应该有过渡句，做到承上启下。F项“But learning to practice gratitude every day can bring some changes to your life.”（但是学会每天感恩可以给你的生活带来一些变化）符合文意。故选F。
17．D【解析】根据此段落小标题“Give thanks for everyday things”（感恩日常生活）以及后句“In fact, being grateful for something as small as a fresh cup of coffee, a sunny day, or a perfect parking spot can give you a better mood and train your brain to see the good rather than the bad.”（事实上，对一些小事心怀感激，比如一杯新鲜的咖啡，一个阳光明媚的日子，或者一个完美的停车位，都会给你带来更好的心情，让你的大脑看到好的而不是坏的），可知此段强调感恩不必是非常重大的事件，可以是日常小事情。D项“Gratitude doesn’t have to be over the top or something significant.”（感恩并不一定得是非常重大的事情）符合文意，故选D。
18．A【解析】根据文章结构，此处应该选择动词原形开头的祈使句。同时，该段落“One way to make gratitude a regular part of your day is to make it a habit to think of three things you are thankful for each day.”（让感恩成为日常生活的一部分的方法就是养成每天想三件让你感恩的事情的习惯）可知，本段的建议是把感恩当作日常习惯。A项“Make gratitude a daily habit.”（让感恩成为日常习惯）符合文意。故选A。
19．G【解析】根据此段小标题“Keep track of everything you’re grateful for”（记录下你感激的每件事）以及空格前“Another option is to use social media or even post-it notes to express your gratitude.”（另一个选择是使用社交媒体或便利贴来表达你的感激之情）和空格后“This way, when you’re feeling down, you can reflect on the things that previously (以前) brought a smile to your face.”（这样，当你情绪低落的时候，你可以回想之前让你开心的事情），可知此段在说明使用某种方法记录下你所感恩的事情。G项“The key is to use a method to help you remember the things you are grateful for.”（关键是要用一种方法来帮助你记住让你感激的事情）符合文意，故选G。
20．C【解析】根据该段小标题“Reflect on past negative experiences”（反思过去的消极经历）以及该段落第一句“Look back on the worst moments in your life.”（回想一下你生命中最糟糕的时刻），可知此段在讲述把现在和过去的消极经历相比较，在比较中找到现在经历的可贵和值得学习之处。C项“Then, compare those with where you are now.”（然后，将它们与你现在所处的位置进行比较）符合文意，故选C。
八
2021-2022学年山东省临沂市兰山区高一上学期中考试英语试题
Simple ways to make your travel more enjoyable
Travel should be enjoyable. It enables you to take a break somewhere different, away from all the usual worries of life.___36___There’s so much to do to make your trip a successful one. Here are some ways to make our travel more enjoyable!
Book well. The places you book will surely determine the kind of trip you’ll end up with. Don’t all these amazing hotels look the same? How about looking for a home where you get far more space using that money? Camping trips are also a good way of spending you vacations.___37___.
Find fun in your air travel. we know that sometimes air travel can be annoying. In fact, airports are amusing places.___38___. You need to keep an eye open. From watching people to enjoying wonderful advertisements, you can gain great pleasure at the airport if you travel with the right state of mind.
Keep it simple. The best things in life are simple and free.___39___You absorb the culture and engage with the locals as well. Most of the time, you wouldn’t just walk with the tour guides who make you go through some places that just aren’t to your liking. Be your own guide and make simple travel plans that can make your travel more interesting!
___40___There’s little fun in travelling if you don’t feel well. If you wish to make your travel more enjoyable, take good care of your health before you mean to travel. See a doctor and get yourself checked if it is necessary. Get all the medicines you’d possibly need.
A．Stay fit
B．Mix with the crowd.
C．There’s so much to explore.
D．However, your travel often tums out to be greatly stressful.
E．Travelling on foot is one of the best ways to explore a new place.
F．So determining where to live is a good way to make your travel more pleasant.
G．Also, you can get a fair idea about the dos and don’ts of the place.
【答案】36．D37．F38．C39．E40．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些让旅行更愉快的方法。
36．D【解析】根据上文“Travel should be enjoyable. It enables you to take a break somewhere different, away from all the usual worries of life.(旅行应该是愉快的。它能让你在不同的地方休息一下，远离生活中所有的日常烦恼)”以及后文“There’s so much to do to make your trip a successful one. Here are some ways to make our travel more enjoyable!(要使你的旅行成功，还有很多事情要做。这里有一些方法让我们的旅行更愉快！)”可知，上文提到旅行应该是愉快的，后文则提出了让旅行愉快的方法，可知本句与上文构成转折，指出旅行不愉快的情况。D选项“然而，你的旅行往往是非常有压力的”符合语境，故选D。
37．F【解析】根据上文“Book well. The places you book will surely determine the kind of trip you’ll end up with. Don’t all these amazing hotels look the same? How about looking for a home where you get far more space using that money? Camping trips are also a good way of spending you vacations.(预定好。你预订的地方肯定会决定你的旅行方式。 这些漂亮的酒店不是看起来都一样吗？不如用这笔钱找个更宽敞的房子？露营旅行也是度假的好方法)”可知，本段关于让旅行愉快的方法是预定好住宿，F选项“所以决定住在哪里是让你的旅行更愉快的一个好方法”符合语境，故选F。
38．C【解析】根据上文“Find fun in your air travel. we know that sometimes air travel can be annoying. In fact, airports are amusing places.(在空中旅行中寻找乐趣。 我们知道有时候飞机旅行很烦人。事实上，机场是有趣的地方)”以及后文“You need to keep an eye open. From watching people to enjoying wonderful advertisements, you can gain great pleasure at the airport if you travel with the right state of mind.(你得多留心。从看人到欣赏精彩的广告，如果你带着正确的心态旅行，你可以在机场获得巨大的乐趣)”可知，上文提到机场是个有趣的地方，本句承接上文说明原因：有很多东西可以探索。C选项“有很多东西可以探索”符合语境，故选C。
39．E【解析】根据后文“You absorb the culture and engage with the locals as well. Most of the time, you wouldn’t just walk with the tour guides who make you go through some places that just aren’t to your liking. Be your own guide and make simple travel plans that can make your travel more interesting!(你可以吸收当地的文化，也可以和当地人交流。大多数时候，你不会只是跟着导游走，导游会让你去一些你不喜欢的地方。做你自己的导游，制定简单的旅行计划，让你的旅行更有趣！)”可知，本句主要是在建议一种旅行方式，可以让你吸收当地的文化，也可以和当地人交流，E选项“徒步旅行是探索一个新地方的最好方法之一”符合语境，故选E。
40．A【解析】根据后文“There’s little fun in travelling if you don’t feel well. If you wish to make your travel more enjoyable, take good care of your health before you mean to travel. See a doctor and get yourself checked if it is necessary. Get all the medicines you’d possibly need.( 如果你不舒服，旅行就没有什么乐趣了。如果你想让你的旅行更愉快，在旅行前请注意自己的健康。如果有必要，去看医生，自己检查一下。带上你可能需要的所有药物)”可知，后文提到了在旅行中带上药物和去看医生的情况，可见本句是在说明旅行中要保持健康。A选项“保持健康”符合语境，故选A。
九
2021-2022学年山东省济南市章丘区高一上学期期中考试英语试题
First Aid Tips for Kids All Parents Should Know
No parents want to think about their children getting hurt or injured, yet it’s impossible to keep their children in a safe place forever. All children are going to have injuries. ____36____. Here are the most common situations where your children may require first aid—and how to do it.
How to treat a cut. It’s common for children to get scrapes (刮伤) and cuts from time to time.____37____, you should pay attention to it. The most important thing to remember when treating these is the importance of keeping the area clean to prevent infection (感染), and know when medical attention might be required.
How to treat an insect or animal bite. Many insect bites are uncomfortable but relatively harmless; animal bites almost always require medical follow-up.____38____.
How to treat a bump (肿块) on the head.____39____. But you should have a watchful eye on your children and contact your doctor with any problems. But most likely, your children are fine. If your children have experienced a serious head, neck, or back injury, do not move them.
How to treat nosebleeds. Nosebleeds are common in childhood and usually look, scarier than they are. If your children have a sudden nosebleed but seems otherwise fine, have them tilt (倾斜) their head forward a bit, and apply gentle pressure to the nose area by squeezing both nostrils (鼻孔) together between your thumb and forefinger.____40____. Call your doctor or visit the emergency room if the bleeding doesn’t stop after 5-10 minutes.
A．Some will even be serious
B．You should visit the emergency room
C．Don’t let your children blow their nose
D．If your children are an active one
E．This is usually not a problem for children
F．The first thing to do is remove your children from the object
G．So if your children are bitten by a snake, you should call 911 to come
【答案】36．A37．D38．G39．E40．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了几个父母都应该知道的儿童急救小贴士。
36．A【解析】根据上文“All children are going to have injuries.”（所有的孩子都会受伤）和下文“Here   are   the   most   common   situations   where   your   children   may   require   first   aid—and   how   to   do   it.   （以下是您的孩子可能需要急救的最常见情况以及如何进行急救）”可知选项承接上文，说明伤势的严重性。serious呼应 require   first   aid。故A选项“有些甚至会很严重”切题。故选A项。
37．D【解析】根据下文“you should pay attention to it”（你应该多加注意）可知，选项承接下文说明孩子是什么的状态时更需要多加注意。故D选项“如果你的孩子活泼好动”切题。故选D项。
38．G【解析】根据上文“animal bites almost always require medical follow-up”（动物咬伤几乎总是需要寻求医疗帮助）可知，选项承接上文具体说明被动物咬时的做法。故G选项“因此，如果你的孩子被蛇咬伤，你应该拨打911”。animal bites呼应bitten by a snake。故选G项。
39．E【解析】根据上文“How to treat a bump (肿块) on the head.”（如何治疗头部肿块）和下文“But you should have a watchful eye on your children and contact your doctor with any problems.”（但是你应该密切关注你的孩子，如果有任何问题，请联系你的医生）可知，选项承接上文与下文为转折关系说明对孩子来说这不是个严重问题，但要注意。故E选项“这对孩子来说通常不是问题”切题。故选E项。
40．C【解析】根据上文“If your children have a sudden nosebleed but seems otherwise fine, have them tilt (倾斜) their head forward a bit, and apply gentle pressure to the nose area by squeezing both nostrils (鼻孔) together between your thumb and forefinger”（如果你的孩子突然流鼻血，但在其他方面似乎没有问题，让他们把头前倾一点，用拇指和食指将两个鼻孔挤在一起，轻轻按压鼻子部位）可知，上文在说孩子鼻子出血时应该怎么做，选项承接上文说明孩子不应该做什么。故C选项“不要让你的孩子擤鼻涕”切题。故选C项。
十
2021-2022学年山东省枣庄滕州市高一上学期期中考试英语试题
You're never too old to pick up a book and read with a child. All you should do is grabbing a book and a few loved ones, and sharing in the joy of reading. A good habit of reading is very important for you. ____16____.
____17____. You should have some time during every day when you'll read for least 5 to 10 minutes. For example, make it a habit to read during breakfast and lunch and even dinner if you eat alone.
Always carry a book. ____18____ When I leave the house, I always make sure to have my car keys and one book at hand. The book stays with me in the car, and I take it into the office and to appointments and pretty much everywhere I go.
____19____. Find a place in your home where you can sit in a comfortable chair. There should be no television or computer near the chair. If you don't have a place like this, create one.
Reduce television/the Internet. If you really want to read more, try cutting back on time on TV or the Internet. ____20____. However, every minute you reduce of the Internet/TV, you could use for reading. This could create hours of book reading time.
A．Find a quiet place to read.
B．Find a library to read alone.
C．There are some ways to develop it.
D．Set time to read books for yourself.
E．It means you will read no matter how busy you are.
F．This may be difficult for some people.
G．Wherever you go, take a book with you.
【答案】16．C17．D18．G19．A20．F
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了培养良好阅读习惯的几种方式。
1.C【解析】空处放在第一段结尾，应起到开启下文的作用。前一句“A good habit of reading is very important for you.（一个好的阅读习惯对你来说是很重要的）”描述我们应该有良好的阅读习惯，下文列出了几点阅读习惯，由此可知C选项“There are some ways to develop it.（有一些方法可以培养它） ”符合语境，开启下文，选项中的it指代前文所描述的 “好的阅读习惯”。故选C项。
2.D【解析】本空放在段首，为主旨句，对下文内容总结。根据空后“You should have some time during every day when you'll read for least 5 to 10 minutes.（你应该每天留出至少5到10分钟的阅读时间）”可知，表示应该设置阅读时间。D选项“Set time to read books for yourself.（为自己设定读书的时间）”符合本段主旨。故选D项。
3.G【解析】本段段首句“Always carry a book.（总是随身携带一本书）”表示我们应该随身带书。G选项“Wherever you go, take a book with you.（无论你去哪里，带上一本书）”与本段主旨意思相符，且与下文描写作者自己的例子逻辑相符。故选G项。
4.A【解析】本空放在段首，为主旨句，对下文内容总结。空后“Find a place in your home where you can sit in a comfortable chair.（在家里找一个你可以坐在一张舒服的椅子上的地方）”可知，本段描述阅读地点的选择。根据“There should be no television or computer near the chair.（椅子附近不应该有电视或电脑）”可知，这个地方是安静的。A选项“Find a quiet place to read.（找一个安静的地方读书）”符合主旨。故选A项。
5.F【解析】根据主旨句可知，本段表示应该少花时间看电视或者上网，多阅读。根据空前一句“If you really want to read more, try cutting back on time on TV or the Internet.（如果你真的想读得更多，试着减少看电视或上网的时间）”及空后一句“However, every minute you reduce of the Internet/TV, you could use for reading.（然而，你减少的每一分钟的网络/电视，你可以用来阅读）”可知，F选项“This may be difficult for some people.（这对一些人来说可能很难）”符合语境，其中This指代前文提到的 “减少看电视或上网的时间”，且与下文构成逻辑意义上的转折。故选F项。