英语基础模块下册Reading一等奖课件ppt

这是一份英语基础模块下册Reading一等奖课件ppt，共39页。PPT课件主要包含了过去完成时不变，writing等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Grammar Fcus
Direct Speech and Indirect Speech
一字不改的将别人的话加以引用或复述出来，叫直接引语，直接引语须放在括号内。
eg. Mr Black said, “I like playing ftball”.（直接引语） She said, “I am an English teacher”.（括号内是直接引语）
用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语，间接引语不必用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。Eg. Mr Black said that he liked playing ftball. (间接引语） She said that she was an English teacher.（宾语从句是间接引语）
直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，须由连词that 来引导（that 也可省略），that 从句之前用say, tell等动词。但要注意下列各种变化。
第一类：直接引语是陈述句
人称的变化：eg. He said, “I want t see yu.” →He said that he wanted t see me. He said t me, “I’ve left my bk in yur rm.” →He tld me that he had left his bk in my rm.
2. 时态的变化：主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时态，直接引语中的谓语动词的时态须有下列变化： 一般现在时→ 一般过去时 现在进行时→ 过去进行时 现在完成时→ 过去完成时 一般过去时→ 过去完成时 过去完成时不变 一般将来时→ 过去将来时
一般现在时变一般过去时：
直接引语 间接引语eg. He said, “I am busy.” He said that he was busy. 他说：“我很忙”。 他说他很忙。 He said, “I can’t d it myself.” He said that he culdn’t d it himself. 他说：“我自己不能做”。 他说他自己不能做。
直接引语如果是客观真理，一般现在时则不变
eg. He said, “Light travels much faster than sund.”→He said that light travels much faster than sund.
现在进行时变过去进行时：
eg. He said, “I’m reading the bk.” 他说：“我正在读这本书。” →He said that he was reading the bk. 他说他正在读那本书。 She said, “We’re having a meeting.” 她说：“我们正在开会。” →She said they were having a meeting. 她说她们正在开会。
现在完成时变过去完成时：eg. She said, “I have nt heard frm him since May. 她说：“从五月份起就没有接到他的任何休息。” →She said that she had nt heard frm him since May. 她说自五月份起就没有接到过他的任何休息。
一般过去时变过去完成时： eg. He said, “I came t help yu.” 他说：“我曾到这里来帮过你的。” → He said that he had cme t help me. 他说他曾经来帮过我。 She said t me, “I saw the film.” 她对我说：“我看过这个影片.” →She tld me that she had seen the film. 她告诉我她看过这个影片。
eg. He said, “I had finished my hmewrk befre supper.” 他说：“晚饭前我就把作业完成了。” →He said that he had finished his hmewrk befre supper. 他说他晚饭前就已经把作业完成了。.
一般将来时变过去将来时：eg. She said, “I’ll d it after class.” 她说：“我将在课后来做。” → She said that she wuld d it after class. 她说她将在课后做。 He said, “I will help her.” →He said he wuld help her.
3. 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化
1.this→ that 2. these→ thse3.nw → then 4. tday → that day5.yesterday → the day befre6.tmrrw → the next (fllwing) day7.here → there 8.cme → g9.This week (mnth, year) → that week (mnth, year)10.next week (mnth, year)→ the next week (mnth, year )11.three days (weeks, mnths, years, hurs, …) ag→ three days (weeks, mnths, years, hurs, …) befre12.last week (mnth, year) → the week (mnth, year) befre
1.She said, “I will cme this mrning.”→ She said that she wuld g that said, “These bks are mine.” → He said that thse bks were said, “It is nine ’clck nw.” → He said that it was nine ’clck then.
4.He said, “I haven’t seen her tday.” → He said that he hadn’t seen her that said, “I went there yesterday.” →She said that she had gne there the day said, “I’ll g there tmrrw.” →She said that she wuld g there the next (fllwing) day.
7.He said, “My sister was here three days ag.” He said that his sister had been there three days said, “I will cme here this evening.” She said that she wuld g there that evening.
第二类直接引语是祈使句
直接引语如果是祈使句，变为间接引语时，须将动词原形变为动词不定式，并在动词不定式之前用 tell,ask, rder, cmmand 等及物动词加宾语。如果祈使句是否定式，在不定式前加nt.
eg. She said t us, “Please sit dwn.”她对我们说：“请坐”。 →She tld us t sit dwn.她请我们坐下。He said, “Dn’t make s much nise, bys.”他说：“孩子们，不要弄这么大的声响。”→He asked the bys nt t make s much nise.他让孩子们不要弄那么大的声响。
第三类直接引语是疑问句
直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，须将疑问句的语序改为陈述句的语序，句末用句号。
变为间接引语时，须由whether 或if来引导。 主句中的谓语动词是said 时，要改为asked。 eg. He said, “Are yu interested in English?”→He asked (me) if／ whether I was interested in English.He said, “Did yu see him last night?”→He asked (m) whether I had seen him the night befre.
变为间接引语时，须由疑问词引导，并将疑问句结构改为陈述句结构，句末用句号。eg. “What d yu want?” he asked me. →He asked me what I wanted.He asked me, “Why did yu cme s late?”→He asked me why I had gne s late.
He said that he was glad t receive my email.2. He asked me whether I was ging hme this asked hw I liked the fd tld me nt t ride in the street.5. The plice rdered the yung man t stand where he asked whether I was frm the suth f tld me nt t tell a tld me that they had visited the Red Star Farm the week befre.9. Mr Paul tld us that light travels faster than manager asked him t g and pst the letters.
1. Bill asked if Je wuld give it t Father.2. Bill said that if Je give it t Father, he wuld have t run away frm hme again.3. Je said that he had never dne such a thing befre.4. Bill asked Je t tell the master he was srry.5. She said that she wuld finish her wrk the next day.6. My father said that she had wrked there twenty years befre.7. His father tld him nt t leave the dr pen.8. He asked me why I had dne it.
1. stay away frm 脱离，缺席eg. That day, three f us stayed away frm the meeting.2. stay away frm schl 逃课eg. He always stays away frm schl, which makes his patents upset.
prmise sb. 承诺，答应某人prmise t d sth.prmise sb. (nt) t d sth.eg. I prmise yu nt t say that.He prmised t attend the meeting, but he did’t appear.I prmised t meet yu at five ’clck.
3.wil have t 不得不，不能不eg. If yu can nt pick me up, I will have t stay at the airprt.4. tell a lie tell lies 说谎eg. The by prmised his father nt t tell a lie any mre.
5. threaten sb. threaten (nt) t d sth. threaten sb. (nt) t d sth.eg. His father threatened t beat the by if he stle again.
6. keep silent 保持沉默eg. When we returned t the classrm, the teacher asked us t keep silent.7. take… ut f….从…拿出…eg. The yung man tk the key ut f his pcket and pened the dr.
8. thrw…away 把…扔掉eg. What did yu thrw away?Why did yu thrw such gd fruits away?9. What’s the matter?eg. Hi!Jhn, yu lk dwn. What’s the matter?
10. trust sb. 信任某人eg. Yu can’t trust me. She can’t take care f yur baby.11. tell the truth 说实话， 说实在的eg. T tell the truth, I dn’t agree with yu.
12. nt …any mre..不再…，再也不….eg. I will nt g shpping with yu any mre.I dn’t want t talk with yu any mre.13. take n 担心，不安，激动eg. Dn’t take n s! 别太当回事。
14. lie dwn 躺下eg. please lie dwn fr a while.15. cme t neself 苏醒过来eg. When he came t himself, he fund everything was gne.
1. Bill threatened and pleaded in this way in rder t persuade Je nt t give the nte t father.2. Bill didn’t want the master t knw what had happened.3. Bill made up his mind nt t stay away frm schl any mre and he wuld study hard frm then n.
Situatin 1: --Hi, Peter, what happened? Yu prmised t return my mney the next day. But ne week has passed.--Oh! I frget. Nw, here is the mney. I’m very srry. It wn’t happen again.
Situatin 2
--Tm, I’m feeling very sad abut what yu did. Yu shuldn’t have had my bike brken. What’s wrse, yu returned it t me as it was.--Oh, it was careless f me t d such a thing. I wuld have had it repaired, but I was just abut t d it when my cusin came t see me. And I had t g t visit my grandpa with him.--Oh, that is hw it is.--After all, it’s my fault. I shuld have explained it t yu. I am srry.--Never mind, it desn’t matter.
Hi! Liu Ta, I am srry t hear abut yur prblem and thank yu fr yur trust. Yu knw, we all like yu, because yu are hnest and easy-ging. It is always easier t make friends than t keep them. Yu are feeling upset abut yur friends misunderstanding yu. In my pinin, yu shuld have a frank talk with yur friends. Tell them yu are their best friend and yu have never dne such things. If they are yur true friends, they will trust yu. While if they dn’t, it desn’t matter. After all, yu have dne yur best. Let them alne. I hpe my advice is helpful and I wish yu happy. Gd luck! Yurs truly, Li Hua
Dear Mr Smith, I have t aplgize t yu nw fr my absence frm the appintment this Friday afternn. The manager has asked me t g t Beijing n business and I wn’t return until next Mnday. S I am afraid that we can nt meet each ther this Friday afternn. And if it is cnvenient fr yu t make anther date, please keep me infrmed f it as sn as pssible. I’ll be lking frward t yur early reply. Yurs sincerely, Li Hua