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高考复习－名词性从句 课件
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这是一份高考复习－名词性从句 课件，共36页。PPT课件主要包含了英语5大基本句型，简单句，主语从句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. 主语+谓语(不及物动词) [S + V] I swim. 2. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 [S+V+O]I am reading bks. 3. 主语+谓语(系动词)+表语 [S+V+P]He is/became a famus dctr. The apple pie tastes really delicius. 4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 [S+V+InO+DO] ① My aunt bught me a cmputer. = My aunt bught a cmputer fr me. ② I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt t him. 5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 [S+V+O+OC] We must keep ur schl clean.
复合句（并列句和从句）
名词在句子中的位置 This is a bk. The bk belngs t me. I have a bk.
Wh will win the match is still unknwn. I want t knw what he has tld yu. The fact is that we have lst the game. The news that we wn the game is exciting.
（一）引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词：wh, whse, whm, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。2、连接副词：when, where, why, hw。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。 that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句不用疑问式, 必须用陈述语序.。
1) 由what等代词引起的主语从句：
What the teacher said tday was quite right.
老师今天说的话是十分正确的。
e.g. _____ makes this shp different is that it ffers mre persnal services.(2006辽宁)
重点:it 做形式主语的用法.
2) 由连词that引起的主语从句：
That they are badly in need f help is quite clear.
他们急需帮助，这是十分明显的。
It is quite clear that they are badly in need f help.
1. that 无实意,不做成分,但不可省略.
2.that 引导主语从句,常用形式主语it.
That they shuld like each ther is natural.
It is natural that they shuld like each ther.
They shuld like each ther is natural.
It is silly that she played such a jke.
她开这样的玩笑, 真是无聊。
It 做形式主语的有以下句型
It is pssible that he will win the game.
1) It is + adj. +从句
Necessary, imprtant, strange, wnderful, pssible, likely/clear…
1. 吸烟有害健康,这是一个事实.
It is a fact that smking des harm t ne’s health.
2. 真遗憾你这次没通过考试.
It is a pity that yu failed in the exam this time.
2.It is + n. + that …
A fact, a shame, a pity, n wnder, gd news…
1.我打电话的时候,他碰巧出去了.
It happened that he wasn’t at hme when I called him.
2.天看起来要下雨了.
It seems that it is ging t rain.
3. It + vi. + that/ whether ….
Seem, happen, turn ut, appear…
1. 据说他取了一个有钱人的女儿.
_________________he married a daughter f a rich man.
2. 谁将成为下一任的总统还没有决定下来.
_______________________will be the next president.
It is nt decided wh
It is said that
4. It is + p.p + 从句
Said, reprted, knwn, believed, cnsidered, decided, suggested,…
Whether they will sell the huse is nt yet decided.
他们是否卖掉这所房子还没有决定。
It is nt yet decided whether they will sell the huse.
3. 主语从句不用if来引导, 应用 whether,表示“是否”含义。
4) whatever, whever也可引导主语从句。
Whatever was said here must be kept secret.
这里说的话都应当保密。
Whever makes mistakes must crrect them.
凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。
3. What he tld me ______ true.
1. That they will start at 8 ’clck tmrrw _______ certain.
2. Hw t drive this car ______ quite easy fr me .
4. What he saw ______ sme new cmers.
主语从句做主语时,谓语动词常用单数;What 引导的主语从句,根据后面的名词定单复数.
宾语从句I hpe__________________________.I knw ( that) she was brn in the cuntry___________________________
引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。但有两个以上的宾语从句的时候，只省第一个.
宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。
(that) everything is all right
and that she came here fr the jb.
Philip finally fund ut_______________The teacher tld the students________________________
从句如是疑问句,须用陈述语序.,时态与主句相呼应。
宾语从句如是真理或自然现象,不须与主句谓语动词相呼应。
where he culd get the bk.
that Taiwan belngs t China.
e.g. I find ___strange _______________________I’m interested in ________________I’m interested in___________________.
4. 如从句太长， 可用形式宾语it.
介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或 whether。
that he shuld have said that.
whether yu’ve finished the wrk..
what yu’ve said
6. whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。e.g. I dn’t knw ____________________the reprt is true.
①宾语从句中的whether 与r nt直接连用，就不能换成if；
whether r nt
It depends n ___________________They dn’t knw _______________ Please cme t see me_______________.
whether也可引导主语、表语、同位语、让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。
②介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。
whether 可与不定式连用。
whether we have enugh time.
whether t g there
if yu have time
（三）表语从句The questin was__________________My idea is_____________________________________________.
1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。
2、引导表语从句的连接词that不能省略。
wh culd g there.
that we can get mre cmrades t help in the wrk.
The dubt was______________________________________I didn’t attend the meeting _____________I had been ill.
3. 表语从句不用if来引导, 应用 whether
4. 主语从句中的主语是reasn时, 表语从句用that.
whether yu had brken the beautiful vase.
The reasn why
（五）同位语从句I have n idea ________________.The fact _______________________ surprised everybdy.
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestin, prmise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。
when he will be back
that he had nt said anything
The prblem ________________hasn’t been verified yet.It’s my suggestin __________________
同位语从句不可用if来引导, 应用 whether
同位语从句连接词that ，在从句中没有成分，只能起连接作用。
whether it is right
that the by shuld study hard.
(2008，上海卷) It has been prved ______ eating vegetables in childhd helps t prtect yu against serius illnesses in later life.
it 做形式主语，或形式宾语That 引导主语从句，从句成分语义完整，that 不可省略。
_______he said is wrng. _____he said the dirty wrds is wrng.The fact is _____Tm falls behind Bush at present. The questin is ______she shuld wear at the party.
总结: 所有名词性从句, 如用that 引导,从句是完整的; 用what 引导, 则what 在从句中充当名词性成分(主语,宾语,表语)
The fact puzzled Jack very much ____ he has been unable t pass the driving test up t nw.
2008,湖南）When asked _____ they need mst, the kids said they want t feel imprtant and lved.
He is ____ is called supermanA. the persn B. wh C. what D. that
Key: C . what = the persn that …总结: what 在宾语和表语从句中,可以是 “…的东西”, “…的人”, “…的时间”, “…的地方”. 其中 What = 某个名词+ that 定语从句
1. 主语+谓语(不及物动词) [S + V] I swim. 2. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 [S+V+O]I am reading bks. 3. 主语+谓语(系动词)+表语 [S+V+P]He is/became a famus dctr. The apple pie tastes really delicius. 4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 [S+V+InO+DO] ① My aunt bught me a cmputer. = My aunt bught a cmputer fr me. ② I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt t him. 5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 [S+V+O+OC] We must keep ur schl clean.
复合句（并列句和从句）
名词在句子中的位置 This is a bk. The bk belngs t me. I have a bk.
Wh will win the match is still unknwn. I want t knw what he has tld yu. The fact is that we have lst the game. The news that we wn the game is exciting.
（一）引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词：wh, whse, whm, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。2、连接副词：when, where, why, hw。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。 that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句不用疑问式, 必须用陈述语序.。
1) 由what等代词引起的主语从句：
What the teacher said tday was quite right.
老师今天说的话是十分正确的。
e.g. _____ makes this shp different is that it ffers mre persnal services.(2006辽宁)
重点:it 做形式主语的用法.
2) 由连词that引起的主语从句：
That they are badly in need f help is quite clear.
他们急需帮助，这是十分明显的。
It is quite clear that they are badly in need f help.
1. that 无实意,不做成分,但不可省略.
2.that 引导主语从句,常用形式主语it.
That they shuld like each ther is natural.
It is natural that they shuld like each ther.
They shuld like each ther is natural.
It is silly that she played such a jke.
她开这样的玩笑, 真是无聊。
It 做形式主语的有以下句型
It is pssible that he will win the game.
1) It is + adj. +从句
Necessary, imprtant, strange, wnderful, pssible, likely/clear…
1. 吸烟有害健康,这是一个事实.
It is a fact that smking des harm t ne’s health.
2. 真遗憾你这次没通过考试.
It is a pity that yu failed in the exam this time.
2.It is + n. + that …
A fact, a shame, a pity, n wnder, gd news…
1.我打电话的时候,他碰巧出去了.
It happened that he wasn’t at hme when I called him.
2.天看起来要下雨了.
It seems that it is ging t rain.
3. It + vi. + that/ whether ….
Seem, happen, turn ut, appear…
1. 据说他取了一个有钱人的女儿.
_________________he married a daughter f a rich man.
2. 谁将成为下一任的总统还没有决定下来.
_______________________will be the next president.
It is nt decided wh
It is said that
4. It is + p.p + 从句
Said, reprted, knwn, believed, cnsidered, decided, suggested,…
Whether they will sell the huse is nt yet decided.
他们是否卖掉这所房子还没有决定。
It is nt yet decided whether they will sell the huse.
3. 主语从句不用if来引导, 应用 whether,表示“是否”含义。
4) whatever, whever也可引导主语从句。
Whatever was said here must be kept secret.
这里说的话都应当保密。
Whever makes mistakes must crrect them.
凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。
3. What he tld me ______ true.
1. That they will start at 8 ’clck tmrrw _______ certain.
2. Hw t drive this car ______ quite easy fr me .
4. What he saw ______ sme new cmers.
主语从句做主语时,谓语动词常用单数;What 引导的主语从句,根据后面的名词定单复数.
宾语从句I hpe__________________________.I knw ( that) she was brn in the cuntry___________________________
引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。但有两个以上的宾语从句的时候，只省第一个.
宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。
(that) everything is all right
and that she came here fr the jb.
Philip finally fund ut_______________The teacher tld the students________________________
从句如是疑问句,须用陈述语序.,时态与主句相呼应。
宾语从句如是真理或自然现象,不须与主句谓语动词相呼应。
where he culd get the bk.
that Taiwan belngs t China.
e.g. I find ___strange _______________________I’m interested in ________________I’m interested in___________________.
4. 如从句太长， 可用形式宾语it.
介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或 whether。
that he shuld have said that.
whether yu’ve finished the wrk..
what yu’ve said
6. whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。e.g. I dn’t knw ____________________the reprt is true.
①宾语从句中的whether 与r nt直接连用，就不能换成if；
whether r nt
It depends n ___________________They dn’t knw _______________ Please cme t see me_______________.
whether也可引导主语、表语、同位语、让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。
②介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。
whether 可与不定式连用。
whether we have enugh time.
whether t g there
if yu have time
（三）表语从句The questin was__________________My idea is_____________________________________________.
1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。
2、引导表语从句的连接词that不能省略。
wh culd g there.
that we can get mre cmrades t help in the wrk.
The dubt was______________________________________I didn’t attend the meeting _____________I had been ill.
3. 表语从句不用if来引导, 应用 whether
4. 主语从句中的主语是reasn时, 表语从句用that.
whether yu had brken the beautiful vase.
The reasn why
（五）同位语从句I have n idea ________________.The fact _______________________ surprised everybdy.
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestin, prmise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。
when he will be back
that he had nt said anything
The prblem ________________hasn’t been verified yet.It’s my suggestin __________________
同位语从句不可用if来引导, 应用 whether
同位语从句连接词that ，在从句中没有成分，只能起连接作用。
whether it is right
that the by shuld study hard.
(2008，上海卷) It has been prved ______ eating vegetables in childhd helps t prtect yu against serius illnesses in later life.
it 做形式主语，或形式宾语That 引导主语从句，从句成分语义完整，that 不可省略。
_______he said is wrng. _____he said the dirty wrds is wrng.The fact is _____Tm falls behind Bush at present. The questin is ______she shuld wear at the party.
总结: 所有名词性从句, 如用that 引导,从句是完整的; 用what 引导, 则what 在从句中充当名词性成分(主语,宾语,表语)
The fact puzzled Jack very much ____ he has been unable t pass the driving test up t nw.
2008,湖南）When asked _____ they need mst, the kids said they want t feel imprtant and lved.
He is ____ is called supermanA. the persn B. wh C. what D. that
Key: C . what = the persn that …总结: what 在宾语和表语从句中,可以是 “…的东西”, “…的人”, “…的时间”, “…的地方”. 其中 What = 某个名词+ that 定语从句
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