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北京市首都师范大学附属密云中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期10月阶段性练习试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份北京市首都师范大学附属密云中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期10月阶段性练习试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
首师附密云中学2022-2023第一学期阶段练习高二英语
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was in seventh grade, I was a volunteer at a local hospital in my town. Most of the ____1____ I spent there was with Mr. Gillespie. He never had any visitors and nobody seemed to care about his____2____.
I spent many days there holding his hand and talking to him, helping with anything that needed to be done. He became a close friend of mine, ____3____he responded with only an occasional squeeze of my hand. Mr. Gillespie was in a coma (昏迷).
I left for a week to vacation with my parents, and when I came back, Mr. Gillespie was no longer there. I didn’t have the____4____to ask any of the nurses where he was, for fear that they might tell me he had died.
Several____5____later, when I was a senior in high school, I was at the gas station when I noticed a familiar face. When I____6____who it was, my eyes filled with tears. He was____7____! I got up the nerve to ask him if his name was Mr. Gillespie. He____8____yes. I explained how I knew him, and that I had spent many hours talking with him in the hospital. His eyes welled up with tears, and he gave me the warmest hug I had ever____9____.
He began to tell me how, as he lay there comatose (昏迷的), he could hear me talking to him and could feel me holding his hand the whole time. Mr. Gillespie_____10_____believed that it was my voice and touch that had kept him alive.
Although I haven’t seen him since, he fills my heart with joy every day. I know that I made a difference between his life and death.
1. A. money B. energy C. time D. effort
2. A. interest B. requirement C. condition D. thought
3. A. so B. though C. since D. as if
4. A. right B. chance C. courage D. time
5. A. days B. weeks C. months D. years
6. A. realized B. wondered C. heard D. asked
7. A. great B. alive C. successful D. lucky
8. A. replied B. doubted C. explained D. questioned
9. A. dreamed B. shown C. wanted D. received
10. A. hardly B. rightly C. firmly D. wrongly
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者在做医院的自愿者的时候，曾照顾一个昏迷的人。在离开一段时间回来时，发现这个人不在了，作者害怕他已经死了，也不敢询问他的情况，但是几年后，他们意外的在加油站见面，Mr. Gillespie向作者表示感谢，作者也觉得很快乐。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我大部分时间都和Gillespie先生在一起。A. money钱；B. energy精力；C. time时间；D. effort努力。根据上文“When I was in seventh grade, I was a volunteer at a local hospital in my town.”可知，此处指在那里度过的时间。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从来没有人来看他，似乎也没有人关心他的状况。A. interest兴趣；B. requirement要求；C. condition状况；D. thought想法。根据上文“He never had any visitors”可知，似乎也没有人关心他的状况。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：他成了我亲密的朋友，尽管他只是偶尔握一下我的手作为回应。A. so因此；B. though尽管；C. since既然；D. as if好像。前后句意存在让步关系，应用though引导让步状语从句。故选B。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有勇气去问任何一个护士他在哪里，因为我害怕他们会告诉我他已经死了。A. right权利；B. chance机会；C. courage勇气；D. time时间。根据下文“for fear that they might tell me he had died.”可知，我没有勇气去问任何一个护士他在哪里。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，当我上高中四年级时，我在加油站看到一张熟悉的面孔。A. days天；B. weeks周；C. months月；D. years年。根据下文“when I was a senior in high school”可知，此处指几年之后。故选D。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到那是谁时，我的眼里充满了泪水。A. realized意识到；B. wondered想知道；C. heard听；D. asked问。根据下文“I got up the nerve to ask him if his name was Mr. Gillespie.”可知，此处指我意识到那是谁。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他还活着！A. great伟大的；B. alive活着的；C. successful成功的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“I didn’t have the____4____to ask any of the nurses where he was, for fear that they might tell me he had died.”可知，此处指他还活着。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回答是的。A. replied回答；B. doubted怀疑；C. explained解释；D. questioned盘问。根据上文“I got up the nerve to ask him if his name was Mr. Gillespie.”可知，此处指他回答了我的问题。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他热泪盈眶，给了我一个我从未得到过的最温暖的拥抱。A. dreamed梦见；B. shown展示；C. wanted想要；D. received收到。根据上文“He became a close friend of mine, ____3____he responded with only an occasional squeeze of my hand.”可知，此处指他给了我一个我从未得到过的最温暖的拥抱。故选D。
【10题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Gillespie先生坚信是我声音和触摸让他活了下来。A. hardly几乎不；B. rightly正确地；C. firmly坚定地；D. wrongly错误地。根据上文“I spent many days there holding his hand and talking to him, helping with anything that needed to be done.”及下文“Although I haven’t seen him since, he fills my heart with joy every day. I know that I made a difference between his life and death.”可知，Gillespie先生坚信是我的声音和触摸让他活了下来。故选C。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the early 1800s, Stanislas Baudry built public baths in the center of a town in France. To encourage people to come, Baudry drove a large vehicle around to give people a ride to the baths. He called the vehicle “an omnibus”, ____11____ is a Latin word meaning “for everyone”. Then he ____12____ (learn) that many passengers would get off at stops during the journey to the baths. So Baudry shifted the focus of his omnibus service. He created ____13____ permanent (永久的) route for passengers to board and get off. Eventually, the omnibus became known ____14____ (simple) as a bus.
【答案】11. which
12. learnt##learned
13. a 14. simply
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了公共汽车的起源。
【11题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他称这种交通工具为“公共汽车”，这是一个拉丁词，意思是“为所有人”。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是an omnibus，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【12题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：后来他了解到，许多乘客在去澡堂的途中都会在车站下车。根据语境可知，此处讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填learnt或learned。
【13题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他为乘客们开辟了一条永久的上下车路线。此处泛指“一条永久的上下车路线”，应用冠词，permanent是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
【14题详解】
考查副词。句意：最终，omnibus 被简称为公共汽车。此处修饰谓语动词，应用副词，作状语。故填simply。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the film Frozen 1, Elsa and Anna are sisters who live in a kingdom called Arendella. Elsa is born ___15___ special powers that allow her to create ice and snow. Elsa’s powers are considered dangerous, ___16___ she must hide them. Eventually she loses control and changes summer to winter. Then Elsa flees from home, and Anna goes on a dangerous journey to find her sister. Along the way, Anna teams up with a man ___17___ (name) Kristof and his reindeer（驯鹿）)Sven. A talking snowman, Olaf also accompanies them. In the end, it’s Anna’s love for her sister that saves the day.
【答案】15. with
16. so 17. named
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了电影《冰雪奇缘1》的故事情节。艾尔莎和安娜是一对姐妹。艾尔莎生来就具有创造冰雪的独特能力，她控制不住这项能力，把夏天变成了冬天。然后艾尔莎逃离了家，安娜开始了一段危险的旅程去寻找艾尔莎。最后，是安娜对她姐姐的爱使一切恢复正常。
【15题详解】
考查固定搭配。所填空后紧跟名词“special powers（独特的能力）”，be born with意为“与生俱来”，符合语境，故填with。
【16题详解】
考查连词。分析句子可知，所填空需填一个连词，空前：Elsa’s powers are considered dangerous（艾尔莎的能力被认为是危险的）, 空后：she must hide them（她必须把能力隐藏起来），前后是因果关系，因此填so（所以）符合逻辑关系，故填so。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一路上，安娜和一个叫克里斯托夫的人以及他的驯鹿斯文一起。此处a man和name之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故填named。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
According to the World Wildlife Fund, only about 3,890 tigers are left in the wild. India is home to 70 percent of them, and its role in ____18____ (make) sure the big cat’s survival can’t be understated. Tiger numbers in India are believed to have dropped from about 40,000 at the beginning of the ____19____(nine) century to just 1,800 in the early 1970s, when India launched the conservation program Project Tiger. Kanha was one of the original nine ____20____ (area) set up under that program.
【答案】18 making
19. ninth 20. areas
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了目前世界上野生老虎的现存状况。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：其中70%都生活在印度，印度在确保这种大型猫科动物生存方面的作用不容小觑。此处作介词in的宾语，应用动名词。故填making。
【19题详解】
考查序数词。句意：据信，印度的老虎数量已从9世纪初的约4万只下降到20世纪70年代初的仅1800只，当时印度启动了老虎保护计划。此处表示“9世纪”，应用序数词。故填ninth。
【20题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：坎哈是该计划最初设立的9个地区之一。area是可数名词，空前有基数词nine，应用复数形式。故填areas。
第二部分：阅读理解(共三节，42分)
第一节(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Three Boys and a Dad
Brad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. Expecting a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months. “This will be like a walk in the park.” he’d told his wife. “I’ll look after the kids, and you can go visit your mom.”
Things started well, but just after eight o'clock, his three little “good kids”---Mike, Randy, and Alex --- came down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted “breakfast, daddy.” When food had not appeared on within thirty seconds, Randy began using his spoon on Alex’s head as if it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat(节拍) . Mike chanted “Where’s my toast, where’s my toast” in the background. Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.
Life became worse after breakfast. Mike wore Randy’s underwear on his head. Randy locked himself in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, although they were before their eyes. Someone named “Not me” had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.
By ten o'clock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the fish bowl refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating kitchen wall with his color pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared to be reading quietly in the sitting room, but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realized that the talk show was over and reading would be impossible.
At exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare center(日托所).“I suddenly have to go into work and my wife is away. Can I bring the boys over in a few minutes?” The answer was obviously “yes” because Brad was smiling.
21. When his wife left home, Brad expected___________.
A. go out for a walk in the park
B. watch TV talk show with his children
C. enjoy his first day off the work.
D. read the newspaper to his children
22. Which of the following did Randy do?
A. Drawing on the wall B. Eating apple jam
C. Feeding the fish D. Reading in a room
23. Why did Brad ask the daycare center for help?
A Because he wanted to clean his house.
B. Because he suddenly had to go to his office
C. Because he found it hard to manage his boys
D. Because he had to take his wife back home.
24. The text is developed ____________.
A. by space B. by comparison
C. by process D. by time
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章主要记叙了一位父亲在与他的三个孩子共同度过他假期的第一天，孩子在家的表现让他无法控制，从而向日托所寻求帮助。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段对Brad的心理描写，尤其是信息句“Expecting a whole day to relax，he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months.”可以看出，妻子离家后，Brad期待着在第一个休假日里放松一下自己，故C项符合题意。A项并不是Brad想做的；B、D两项内容并不是与孩子一起进行的活动，这在后文也有体现，因此错误。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的描述可以看出，A项是Mike做的；B项是Randy做的；C项是Alex做的；D项（正在房间里读书）是对文中信息“Randy, thankfully, appeared to be reading quietly in the family room, but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands.”的曲解。故选B。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。文中诸多关键字眼如“Life became worse”与“things were out of control”都表明是因为管理不了孩子们，Brad才把他们送去日托所的。故选C。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。由每一段的开始都有时间的描述，比如as Sue left home to visit her mother after eight o'clock；Life became worse after breakfast；By ten o'clock；At exactly 11:17可知，文章是按照事件发展的时间先后顺序来叙述的。故选D。
B
What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.
We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental (done with the mind) exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.
Parents should also be careful with what they say to young children. According to some psychologists if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive (helpful) things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.” or “You are such a smart child.”
25. The words “intelligent” and “brilliant” in the first paragraph probably mean _______ while “dull” in the second paragraph means ________.
A. bright and splendid; slow in thinking and understanding
B. pretty and handsome; ordinary-looking
C. great and important; common
D. hopeful and helpful; careless
26. A person ________ is more likely to become a genius.
A. born with a good brain and putting it into active use
B. often thinking about difficult problems
C. often helped by his parents and teachers
D. whose parents are clever
27. It is better for parents ________.
A. to leave their children alone with nothing to do
B. to be hard on their children
C. to praise and encourage their children more often
D. to give their children as much help as possible
【答案】25. A 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是父母应该如何帮助孩子变得更聪明。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“What makes one person a genius(是什么让一个人成为天才)”和“Albert Einstein(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦)”可知，“intelligent”和“brilliant”所在的句子表示“是什么让一个人比另一个人更聪明?是什么让一个人成为天才，像聪明的爱因斯坦”，因此“intelligent”和“brilliant”的意思是“聪明的”，和bright and splendid意思相近；根据第二段的“Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do(许多儿童心理学家认为，父母应该多和孩子玩，让他们思考问题。这样，孩子长大后更有可能聪明聪明。另一方面，如果孩子们被单独留下，他们就会无所事事)”和“and unintelligent(和愚蠢)”可知，dull所在的句子表示“另一方面，如果孩子们被经常单独留下无事可做，他们更有可能变得迟钝和不聪明”，因此dull的意思是“迟钝的”，即slow in thinking and understanding。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Mental (done with the mind) exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent.(脑力锻炼对幼儿来说尤为重要。许多儿童心理学家认为，父母应该多和孩子玩，让他们思考问题。这样，孩子长大后更有可能聪明聪明)”可知，一个天生拥有好大脑并将其积极运用的人更有可能成为天才。故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“So it is probably better for parents to say very positive (helpful) things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.” or “You are such a smart child.”(所以，父母最好对孩子说一些非常积极（有帮助）的话，比如：“你做的事真聪明。或“你真是个聪明的孩子。”)”可知，父母最好多表扬和鼓励孩子。故选C。
C
Most people looking for ways to quit smoking worry about weight gain, and with good reason. Smokers who quit tend to pack on an average of 5 pounds after they stop smoking cigarettes. A new study, published by the journal Science, explains why this happens.
The new research explains that nicotine appears to combine with appetite-regulating neurons (调节食欲的神经元) in the brain, besides the receptors (感受器) that bring about addiction. These neurons help regulate how much food gets consumed, but under the influence of nicotine, they lose their self-control. This is why when smokers quit, they tend to eat more and gain weight.
The researchers believe that their discovery will lead to the development of drugs that aim at nicotine receptors on brain cells that control appetite. In the future, weight gain may no longer be a reason for smokers to delay the decision to kick the habit, but that’s no reason to wait. Nicotine-replacement treatment, while not for everyone, can help. Here are a few more ways to quit smoking and stay slim.
Drink water. To improve metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates, make half of those glasses ice water. Juice can be too high in calories, something you’ll want to keep an eye on your journey toward being a slimmer non-smoker. Plan your snacks. Healthy snacks help keep your metabolism working, so you continue to burn calories while stopping wild hunger pain, or fake hunger.
Keep moving. Exercise kills two birds with one stone. It helps you burn calories and prevents you from eating when you’re not truly hungry. It’s also a feel-good stress reliever (缓解物). Focus on your fitness and how being healthy makes you feel. Make exercise a goal and think of quitting as your reward for being physically fit.
28. Which of the following changes people’s appetite according to the new research?
A. Nicotine. B. Appetite-regulating neurons.
C. The receptors that bring about addiction. D. The food that has been consumed.
29. By saying “but that’s no reason to wait” in Paragraph 3, the author means that ________.
A. some new drugs are going to be developed soon
B. nicotine-replacement treatment cannot help everyone
C. losing weight should be an excuse for smoking
D. some ways to quit smoking while staying slim are available
30. The author believes that ________.
A. ice water can improve metabolic rates B. smokers should eat fewer snacks to keep slim
C stress can lead to fake hunger D. exercise can help one eat less
31. The purpose of the text is ________.
A. to introduce the result of a new study
B. to explain the reason why smokers become slim
C. to prove the possibility of being a slim non-smoker
D. to tell us ways to quit smoking without gaining weight
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文，文章主要介绍了戒烟后人们变胖的原因以及人们该如何应对戒烟后的肥胖问题。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段The new research explains that nicotine appears to combine with appetite-regulating neurons (调节食欲的神经元) in the brain, besides the receptors (感受器) that bring about addiction. These neurons help regulate how much food gets consumed, but under the influence of nicotine, they lose their self-control.可知，在尼古丁的作用下，调节食欲的神经元失控，故归根结底，是尼古丁改变了人们的食欲。故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据上下文语境以及第三段Nicotine-replacement treatment, while not for everyone, can help. Here are a few more ways to quit smoking and stay slim.可知，将来，发胖不再成为人们迟迟不肯戒烟的原因，但我们也没理由一直等到将来(新药研制出来再去戒烟)，即：现在我们也有办法在戒烟的同时保持体形，故选D项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段To improve metabolic rates… make half of those glasses ice water.可知，冰水可以增加新陈代谢，所以A项正确。
【31题详解】
写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章从一项新的研究成果谈起，分析了戒烟后体重增加的生理原因，并重点介绍了几种应对方法。故选D项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The benefits of walking to school
Encouraging your child to walk to school has many benefits. ___32___
The rates of childhood obesity and illnesses such as type II Diabetes (糖尿病) can be prevented by a healthy dose of walking. ___33___ On average around half of all children do not do the minimum one hour a day of physical activity advised by the Health Education Authority. A quick walk to school can help them get their daily exercise and arrive at school or home, refreshed and energetic.
___34___There was very strong evidence that walking to school improves children’s social development. This related to social contacts, independence and road sense. The walkers reported a happy social experience. It is believed that getting a lift to school each day can lead to a child becoming lethargic (无生气的).
According to research, the average drive to school and back releases 800g of CO₂ into the air. ___35___ If walking to school once a week can save 20 per cent of CO₂ gas produced by driving every day, how much CO₂ can be saved a year!
Last but not least, encouraging your child to walk to school will save you money. ___36___
Since walking to school has so many health, social, environmental and economical benefits, why not let your child walk from now on?
A. The following are some of them in different aspects.
B. You will spend less money on transport fares or petrol, of course.
C. Furthermore, 50 per cent of children still don’t regularly walk to school.
D. It is enough to blow over 60 balloons.
E. Walking can have a positive effect on a child’s emotional health.
F. Parents, children and teachers are asked to think about the benefits of walking to school.
G. In fact, walking helps protect the body from many serious illnesses later on in life.
【答案】32. A 33. G 34. E 35. D 36. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了步行上学的好处。
【32题详解】
根据上文“Encouraging your child to walk to school has many benefits.(鼓励孩子走路上学有很多好处)”及下文列举的例子可知，此处应说下边是不同方面的一些优点。由此可知，A. The following are some of them in different aspects.(以下是其中一些不同的方面)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
【33题详解】
根据上文“The rates of childhood obesity and illnesses such as type II Diabetes (糖尿病) can be prevented by a healthy dose of walking.(儿童肥胖和II型糖尿病等疾病的发病率可以通过健康剂量的步行来预防)”可知，步行有助于预防疾病。由此可知，G. In fact, walking helps protect the body from many serious illnesses later on in life.(事实上，走路有助于保护身体在以后的生活中免受许多严重疾病的侵袭)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
【34题详解】
根据下文“There was very strong evidence that walking to school improves children’s social development. This related to social contacts, independence and road sense. The walkers reported a happy social experience. It is believed that getting a lift to school each day can lead to a child becoming lethargic (无生气的).(有非常有力的证据表明步行上学能促进儿童的社会发展。这与社会交往、独立性和道路意识有关。步行者报告说他们的社交经历很愉快。人们认为，每天搭顺风车上学会导致孩子变得昏昏欲睡)”可知，本段主要讲步行上学不仅提供了孩子更丰富的社会经历还可以提升孩子们的心情。由此可知，E. Walking can have a positive effect on a child’s emotional health. (步行对儿童的情绪健康有积极的影响)适合作本段主旨句，符合语境。故选E。
【35题详解】
根据上文“According to research, the average drive to school and back releases 800g of CO₂ into the air.(据一项调查显示，平均每人开车上下学会向空气中释放800g的CO₂)”及下文“If walking to school once a week can save 20 per cent of CO₂ gas produced by driving every day, how much CO₂ can be saved a year!(如果每周步行上学一次就能节省每天开车产生的20%的CO₂气体，那么一年能节省多少CO₂！)”可知，此处讲述CO₂的排放量。由此可知，D. It is enough to blow over 60 balloons.(足够吹60多个气球)符合语境。故选D。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Last but not least, encouraging your child to walk to school will save you money.(最后但并非最不重要的，鼓励你的孩子走路上学将会节省你的金钱)”可知，此处讲述与经济有关的好处。由此可知，B. You will spend less money on transport fares or petrol,of course.(当然，你会在交通费或汽油上花更少的钱)符合语境。故选B。
第三节 (共4小题，共12分;第37题1分，第38题2分，第39题3分，第40题4分)
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
In 1987, I was 18 and working as a nurse in a small town about 270 km away from Sydney, Australia.
I was looking forward to having five days off from duty. Unfortunately, the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left. So I thought I’d hitch a ride (搭便车).
I waited by the side of the highway for three hours but no one stopped for me. Finally, a man walked over and introduced himself as Gordon. He said that although he couldn’t give me a lift, I should come back to his house for lunch. He noticed me standing for hours in the extreme heat and thought I must be hungry. I was doubtful as a young girl but he he assured me I was safe, and he also offered to help me find a lift home afterwards. When we arrived at his house, he made us sandwiches. After lunch, he helped me find a lift home.
Twenty-five years later, in2003, while I was driving to a nearby town one day, I saw an elderly man standing in the scorching heat, trying to hitch a ride. I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier. I pulled over and picked him up. I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water.
After a few moments of small talk, the man said to me,“You haven’t changed a bit, even your red hair is still the same.”
I couldn’t remember where I’d met him. He then told me he was the man who had given me lunch and helped me find a lift all those years ago. It was Gordon.
37. What did Gordon do to help the author?
____________________________________________________________________________
38. Please paraphrase the underlined sentence in your own words.
____________________________________________________________________________
39. Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why.
The author pulled over to pick up the elderly man in 2003 because he recognized the elder was the very person who ever helped him.
____________________________________________________________________________
40. Will you offer any help to a stranger who seems in trouble? Why or why not? (about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】37. He made her sandwiches and helped her find a lift home./He gave her lunch and helped her find a lift.
38. I thought it was my turn to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier.
39. The author pulled over to pick up the elderly man in 2003 because he recognized the elder was the very person who ever helped him. Because the author wanted to give back to others instead of recognizing the elder.
40. If a stranger needs help, I will give it as much as I can. After all, helping others is the root of happiness. Helping others in their time of need can also bring a little bit of beauty and warmth to the world.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫Gordon的人曾经帮助了作者，而15年后，作者在开车去附近的一个小镇时，看到一位老人在酷热中突然倒在了地上，帮助了老人，发现他正是多年前帮助了自己的Gordon。
【37题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“When we arrived at his house, he made us sandwiches. After lunch, he helped me find a lift home. (我们到他家时，他给我们俩做了三明治。午饭后，他找人把我送回了家)”可知，Gordon不但给作者做了午饭，还找人开车送作者回家。故答案为He made her sandwiches and helped her find a lift home./He gave her lunch and helped her find a lift.
【38题详解】
考查词句猜测。划线句子“I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier.”意思是作者认为这是另一个报答某人几十年前给予她的恩惠的机会。因此可以表达为I thought it was my turn to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier. 故答案为I thought it was my turn to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier.
【39题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier. I pulled over and picked him up. I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water.(我以为这是另一个报答某人几十年前给予我的恩惠的机会。我靠边停车把他接了起来。我让他舒服地坐在后座上，给他倒了点水)”及最后一段中的“He then told me he was the man who had given me lunch and helped me find a lift all those years ago. It was Gordon.(然后他告诉我，他就是多年前给我吃过午饭、帮我搭车的那个人。这是Gordon)”可知，作者把车停到路边接了这位老人，因为她想回报他人，而且开始并没有认出这位老人正是帮助过他的人。故答案为The author pulled over to pick up the elderly man in 2003 because he recognized the elder was the very person who ever helped him. Because the author wanted to give back to others instead of recognizing the elder.
【40题详解】
此为开放性题目，言之有理即可，题干为：你会为一个看起来有麻烦的陌生人提供帮助吗？为什么或者为什么不呢？可回答：如果陌生人需要帮助，只要我能力所及就会尽可能给予帮助。毕竟助人为快乐之本。在别人需要的时候伸出援手，也能为这个世界带来些许美好和温暖。故答案为If a stranger needs help, I will give it as much as I can. After all, helping others is the root of happiness. Helping others in their time of need can also bring a little bit of beauty and warmth to the world.
第三部分：词汇短语辨析(共13小题，每小题1分，共13分)
第一节 英译汉(共4小题，每小题1分。共4分)
写出下划线词的意思。
41. Jane has the sense of humour with me.
42. One needs to be passionate and positive if he wants to be successful.
43. David’s life has changed a lot, but he appreciates it ,since he can experience different style of living.
44. On the front of each card, please write some motivating words for your friends.
【答案】41. 幽默 42. 热情的
43. 欣赏、感激 44. 激发人的
【解析】
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：简对我很有幽默感。根据句意及所给句子可知，本句中的humour是名词，意为“幽默”。故填：幽默。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果一个人想要成功，他需要热情和积极。根据句意及所给句子可知，本句中的passionate是形容词，意为“热情的”。故填：热情的。
【43题详解】
考查动词。句意：大卫的生活改变了很多，但他很感激，因为他可以体验不同的生活方式。根据句意及所给句子可知，本句中的appreciates是谓语动词的第三人称单数形式，意为“欣赏、感激”。故填：欣赏、感激。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在每张卡片的正面，请为你的朋友写一些激励的话。根据句意及所给句子可知，本句中的motivating是形容词，意为“激发人的”。故填：激发人的。
第二节 汉译英(共4小题，每小题1分。共4分)
45. I’m so delighted to receive your i__________(邀请). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】invitation##nvitation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我很高兴收到你的邀请。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词invitation，作receive的宾语。故填invitation。
46. We should do our best to c________(努力赢得；追逐) our dreams. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】chase##hase
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我们应该尽全力去追逐我们的梦想。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词chase，固定搭配do one’s best to do sth“尽力做某事”。故填chase。
47. The little boy ruined his sister’s book by accident, and he felt so g_________(内疚的). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】guilty##uilty
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：小男孩不小心弄坏了他姐姐的书，他感到很内疚。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处使用形容词guilty，作表语。故填guilty。
48. This book is one of the most o_________(杰出的) works in the world. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】outstanding##utstanding
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这本书是世界上最杰出的作品之一。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处使用形容词outstanding，修饰名词works，作定语。故填outstanding。
第三节 短语填空(共5小题，每小题1分。共5分)
选词填空
pour into; drop out; on behalf of; retire from; stay in
49. After working in the company for 40 years, Mr. Smith ___________ his beloved position last year.
50. Mr.Jenkins took the students out, and asked them to _____ some fuel _____ the rocket.
51. It’s raining so heavily outside, let’s _________ and watch a film.
52. __________ our school, the participants has been working quite hard for the competition.
53. Jason Harley decided to _________ this kind of lifestyle and chose to live a more meaningful life.
【答案】49. retired from
50. ①. pour ②. into
51. stay in
52. On behalf of
53. drop out
【解析】
【49题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：史密斯先生在这家公司工作了40年，去年从他心爱的职位上退休了。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语retire from“退休”。由last year可知，应用一般过去时。故填retired from。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：詹金斯先生把学生们带了出来，让他们给火箭倒一些燃料。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语pour into“倒入”，固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”。故填①pour②into。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：外面雨下得这么大，我们待在屋里看电影吧。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语stay in“呆在家里；不外出”，固定搭配let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。故填stay in。
【52题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：代表我们学校，参赛者们为这次比赛付出了很多努力。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用介词短语on behalf of“代表”。故填On behalf of。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：杰森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，选择过一种更有意义的生活。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语drop out“退出；脱离”，固定搭配decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故填drop out。
第四部分：书面表达(满分15)
54. 你们班同学打算周日去爬司马台长城。请给外教Sam写一封英文信，邀请他参加此次活动。具体内容如下：
1. 活动相关内容；
2. 活动注意事项等。
注意：1. 词数不少于80；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sam,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sam,
We are planning to climb the Great Wall at Simatai this Saturday and sincerely invite you to go with us.
We will get together at the school gate at 8 am and probably come back at 5 pm. To make it a green travel, we will take the bus there. You’d better take your camera to record the beautiful scenery. And don’t forget to take some food, because we plan to have lunch on the top of the hill. Remember, take your umbrella or raincoat in case it rains.
We do hope that you will be able to come if it is convenient for you. If you can join us, we will be very happy.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假如你们班同学打算周日去爬司马台长城，请给外教Sam写一封英文信，邀请他参加此次活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
计划做某事：plan to do sth→be scheduled to do sth
返回：come back→return
方便的：convenient→expedient
快乐的：happy → cheerful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：You’d better take your camera to record the beautiful scenery.
拓展句：You’d better take your camera, which can be used to record the beautiful scenery.
【点睛】[高分句型1] To make it a green travel, we will take the bus there. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
[高分句型2] We do hope that you will be able to come if it is convenient for you. (运用了do强调谓语动词，that引导宾语从句和if引导的条件状语从句)
首师附密云中学2022-2023第一学期阶段练习高二英语
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was in seventh grade, I was a volunteer at a local hospital in my town. Most of the ____1____ I spent there was with Mr. Gillespie. He never had any visitors and nobody seemed to care about his____2____.
I spent many days there holding his hand and talking to him, helping with anything that needed to be done. He became a close friend of mine, ____3____he responded with only an occasional squeeze of my hand. Mr. Gillespie was in a coma (昏迷).
I left for a week to vacation with my parents, and when I came back, Mr. Gillespie was no longer there. I didn’t have the____4____to ask any of the nurses where he was, for fear that they might tell me he had died.
Several____5____later, when I was a senior in high school, I was at the gas station when I noticed a familiar face. When I____6____who it was, my eyes filled with tears. He was____7____! I got up the nerve to ask him if his name was Mr. Gillespie. He____8____yes. I explained how I knew him, and that I had spent many hours talking with him in the hospital. His eyes welled up with tears, and he gave me the warmest hug I had ever____9____.
He began to tell me how, as he lay there comatose (昏迷的), he could hear me talking to him and could feel me holding his hand the whole time. Mr. Gillespie_____10_____believed that it was my voice and touch that had kept him alive.
Although I haven’t seen him since, he fills my heart with joy every day. I know that I made a difference between his life and death.
1. A. money B. energy C. time D. effort
2. A. interest B. requirement C. condition D. thought
3. A. so B. though C. since D. as if
4. A. right B. chance C. courage D. time
5. A. days B. weeks C. months D. years
6. A. realized B. wondered C. heard D. asked
7. A. great B. alive C. successful D. lucky
8. A. replied B. doubted C. explained D. questioned
9. A. dreamed B. shown C. wanted D. received
10. A. hardly B. rightly C. firmly D. wrongly
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者在做医院的自愿者的时候，曾照顾一个昏迷的人。在离开一段时间回来时，发现这个人不在了，作者害怕他已经死了，也不敢询问他的情况，但是几年后，他们意外的在加油站见面，Mr. Gillespie向作者表示感谢，作者也觉得很快乐。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我大部分时间都和Gillespie先生在一起。A. money钱；B. energy精力；C. time时间；D. effort努力。根据上文“When I was in seventh grade, I was a volunteer at a local hospital in my town.”可知，此处指在那里度过的时间。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从来没有人来看他，似乎也没有人关心他的状况。A. interest兴趣；B. requirement要求；C. condition状况；D. thought想法。根据上文“He never had any visitors”可知，似乎也没有人关心他的状况。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：他成了我亲密的朋友，尽管他只是偶尔握一下我的手作为回应。A. so因此；B. though尽管；C. since既然；D. as if好像。前后句意存在让步关系，应用though引导让步状语从句。故选B。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有勇气去问任何一个护士他在哪里，因为我害怕他们会告诉我他已经死了。A. right权利；B. chance机会；C. courage勇气；D. time时间。根据下文“for fear that they might tell me he had died.”可知，我没有勇气去问任何一个护士他在哪里。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，当我上高中四年级时，我在加油站看到一张熟悉的面孔。A. days天；B. weeks周；C. months月；D. years年。根据下文“when I was a senior in high school”可知，此处指几年之后。故选D。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到那是谁时，我的眼里充满了泪水。A. realized意识到；B. wondered想知道；C. heard听；D. asked问。根据下文“I got up the nerve to ask him if his name was Mr. Gillespie.”可知，此处指我意识到那是谁。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他还活着！A. great伟大的；B. alive活着的；C. successful成功的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“I didn’t have the____4____to ask any of the nurses where he was, for fear that they might tell me he had died.”可知，此处指他还活着。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回答是的。A. replied回答；B. doubted怀疑；C. explained解释；D. questioned盘问。根据上文“I got up the nerve to ask him if his name was Mr. Gillespie.”可知，此处指他回答了我的问题。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他热泪盈眶，给了我一个我从未得到过的最温暖的拥抱。A. dreamed梦见；B. shown展示；C. wanted想要；D. received收到。根据上文“He became a close friend of mine, ____3____he responded with only an occasional squeeze of my hand.”可知，此处指他给了我一个我从未得到过的最温暖的拥抱。故选D。
【10题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Gillespie先生坚信是我声音和触摸让他活了下来。A. hardly几乎不；B. rightly正确地；C. firmly坚定地；D. wrongly错误地。根据上文“I spent many days there holding his hand and talking to him, helping with anything that needed to be done.”及下文“Although I haven’t seen him since, he fills my heart with joy every day. I know that I made a difference between his life and death.”可知，Gillespie先生坚信是我的声音和触摸让他活了下来。故选C。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the early 1800s, Stanislas Baudry built public baths in the center of a town in France. To encourage people to come, Baudry drove a large vehicle around to give people a ride to the baths. He called the vehicle “an omnibus”, ____11____ is a Latin word meaning “for everyone”. Then he ____12____ (learn) that many passengers would get off at stops during the journey to the baths. So Baudry shifted the focus of his omnibus service. He created ____13____ permanent (永久的) route for passengers to board and get off. Eventually, the omnibus became known ____14____ (simple) as a bus.
【答案】11. which
12. learnt##learned
13. a 14. simply
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了公共汽车的起源。
【11题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他称这种交通工具为“公共汽车”，这是一个拉丁词，意思是“为所有人”。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是an omnibus，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【12题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：后来他了解到，许多乘客在去澡堂的途中都会在车站下车。根据语境可知，此处讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填learnt或learned。
【13题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他为乘客们开辟了一条永久的上下车路线。此处泛指“一条永久的上下车路线”，应用冠词，permanent是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
【14题详解】
考查副词。句意：最终，omnibus 被简称为公共汽车。此处修饰谓语动词，应用副词，作状语。故填simply。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the film Frozen 1, Elsa and Anna are sisters who live in a kingdom called Arendella. Elsa is born ___15___ special powers that allow her to create ice and snow. Elsa’s powers are considered dangerous, ___16___ she must hide them. Eventually she loses control and changes summer to winter. Then Elsa flees from home, and Anna goes on a dangerous journey to find her sister. Along the way, Anna teams up with a man ___17___ (name) Kristof and his reindeer（驯鹿）)Sven. A talking snowman, Olaf also accompanies them. In the end, it’s Anna’s love for her sister that saves the day.
【答案】15. with
16. so 17. named
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了电影《冰雪奇缘1》的故事情节。艾尔莎和安娜是一对姐妹。艾尔莎生来就具有创造冰雪的独特能力，她控制不住这项能力，把夏天变成了冬天。然后艾尔莎逃离了家，安娜开始了一段危险的旅程去寻找艾尔莎。最后，是安娜对她姐姐的爱使一切恢复正常。
【15题详解】
考查固定搭配。所填空后紧跟名词“special powers（独特的能力）”，be born with意为“与生俱来”，符合语境，故填with。
【16题详解】
考查连词。分析句子可知，所填空需填一个连词，空前：Elsa’s powers are considered dangerous（艾尔莎的能力被认为是危险的）, 空后：she must hide them（她必须把能力隐藏起来），前后是因果关系，因此填so（所以）符合逻辑关系，故填so。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一路上，安娜和一个叫克里斯托夫的人以及他的驯鹿斯文一起。此处a man和name之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故填named。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
According to the World Wildlife Fund, only about 3,890 tigers are left in the wild. India is home to 70 percent of them, and its role in ____18____ (make) sure the big cat’s survival can’t be understated. Tiger numbers in India are believed to have dropped from about 40,000 at the beginning of the ____19____(nine) century to just 1,800 in the early 1970s, when India launched the conservation program Project Tiger. Kanha was one of the original nine ____20____ (area) set up under that program.
【答案】18 making
19. ninth 20. areas
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了目前世界上野生老虎的现存状况。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：其中70%都生活在印度，印度在确保这种大型猫科动物生存方面的作用不容小觑。此处作介词in的宾语，应用动名词。故填making。
【19题详解】
考查序数词。句意：据信，印度的老虎数量已从9世纪初的约4万只下降到20世纪70年代初的仅1800只，当时印度启动了老虎保护计划。此处表示“9世纪”，应用序数词。故填ninth。
【20题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：坎哈是该计划最初设立的9个地区之一。area是可数名词，空前有基数词nine，应用复数形式。故填areas。
第二部分：阅读理解(共三节，42分)
第一节(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Three Boys and a Dad
Brad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. Expecting a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months. “This will be like a walk in the park.” he’d told his wife. “I’ll look after the kids, and you can go visit your mom.”
Things started well, but just after eight o'clock, his three little “good kids”---Mike, Randy, and Alex --- came down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted “breakfast, daddy.” When food had not appeared on within thirty seconds, Randy began using his spoon on Alex’s head as if it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat(节拍) . Mike chanted “Where’s my toast, where’s my toast” in the background. Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.
Life became worse after breakfast. Mike wore Randy’s underwear on his head. Randy locked himself in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, although they were before their eyes. Someone named “Not me” had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.
By ten o'clock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the fish bowl refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating kitchen wall with his color pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared to be reading quietly in the sitting room, but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realized that the talk show was over and reading would be impossible.
At exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare center(日托所).“I suddenly have to go into work and my wife is away. Can I bring the boys over in a few minutes?” The answer was obviously “yes” because Brad was smiling.
21. When his wife left home, Brad expected___________.
A. go out for a walk in the park
B. watch TV talk show with his children
C. enjoy his first day off the work.
D. read the newspaper to his children
22. Which of the following did Randy do?
A. Drawing on the wall B. Eating apple jam
C. Feeding the fish D. Reading in a room
23. Why did Brad ask the daycare center for help?
A Because he wanted to clean his house.
B. Because he suddenly had to go to his office
C. Because he found it hard to manage his boys
D. Because he had to take his wife back home.
24. The text is developed ____________.
A. by space B. by comparison
C. by process D. by time
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章主要记叙了一位父亲在与他的三个孩子共同度过他假期的第一天，孩子在家的表现让他无法控制，从而向日托所寻求帮助。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段对Brad的心理描写，尤其是信息句“Expecting a whole day to relax，he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months.”可以看出，妻子离家后，Brad期待着在第一个休假日里放松一下自己，故C项符合题意。A项并不是Brad想做的；B、D两项内容并不是与孩子一起进行的活动，这在后文也有体现，因此错误。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的描述可以看出，A项是Mike做的；B项是Randy做的；C项是Alex做的；D项（正在房间里读书）是对文中信息“Randy, thankfully, appeared to be reading quietly in the family room, but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands.”的曲解。故选B。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。文中诸多关键字眼如“Life became worse”与“things were out of control”都表明是因为管理不了孩子们，Brad才把他们送去日托所的。故选C。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。由每一段的开始都有时间的描述，比如as Sue left home to visit her mother after eight o'clock；Life became worse after breakfast；By ten o'clock；At exactly 11:17可知，文章是按照事件发展的时间先后顺序来叙述的。故选D。
B
What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.
We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental (done with the mind) exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.
Parents should also be careful with what they say to young children. According to some psychologists if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive (helpful) things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.” or “You are such a smart child.”
25. The words “intelligent” and “brilliant” in the first paragraph probably mean _______ while “dull” in the second paragraph means ________.
A. bright and splendid; slow in thinking and understanding
B. pretty and handsome; ordinary-looking
C. great and important; common
D. hopeful and helpful; careless
26. A person ________ is more likely to become a genius.
A. born with a good brain and putting it into active use
B. often thinking about difficult problems
C. often helped by his parents and teachers
D. whose parents are clever
27. It is better for parents ________.
A. to leave their children alone with nothing to do
B. to be hard on their children
C. to praise and encourage their children more often
D. to give their children as much help as possible
【答案】25. A 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是父母应该如何帮助孩子变得更聪明。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“What makes one person a genius(是什么让一个人成为天才)”和“Albert Einstein(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦)”可知，“intelligent”和“brilliant”所在的句子表示“是什么让一个人比另一个人更聪明?是什么让一个人成为天才，像聪明的爱因斯坦”，因此“intelligent”和“brilliant”的意思是“聪明的”，和bright and splendid意思相近；根据第二段的“Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do(许多儿童心理学家认为，父母应该多和孩子玩，让他们思考问题。这样，孩子长大后更有可能聪明聪明。另一方面，如果孩子们被单独留下，他们就会无所事事)”和“and unintelligent(和愚蠢)”可知，dull所在的句子表示“另一方面，如果孩子们被经常单独留下无事可做，他们更有可能变得迟钝和不聪明”，因此dull的意思是“迟钝的”，即slow in thinking and understanding。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Mental (done with the mind) exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent.(脑力锻炼对幼儿来说尤为重要。许多儿童心理学家认为，父母应该多和孩子玩，让他们思考问题。这样，孩子长大后更有可能聪明聪明)”可知，一个天生拥有好大脑并将其积极运用的人更有可能成为天才。故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“So it is probably better for parents to say very positive (helpful) things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.” or “You are such a smart child.”(所以，父母最好对孩子说一些非常积极（有帮助）的话，比如：“你做的事真聪明。或“你真是个聪明的孩子。”)”可知，父母最好多表扬和鼓励孩子。故选C。
C
Most people looking for ways to quit smoking worry about weight gain, and with good reason. Smokers who quit tend to pack on an average of 5 pounds after they stop smoking cigarettes. A new study, published by the journal Science, explains why this happens.
The new research explains that nicotine appears to combine with appetite-regulating neurons (调节食欲的神经元) in the brain, besides the receptors (感受器) that bring about addiction. These neurons help regulate how much food gets consumed, but under the influence of nicotine, they lose their self-control. This is why when smokers quit, they tend to eat more and gain weight.
The researchers believe that their discovery will lead to the development of drugs that aim at nicotine receptors on brain cells that control appetite. In the future, weight gain may no longer be a reason for smokers to delay the decision to kick the habit, but that’s no reason to wait. Nicotine-replacement treatment, while not for everyone, can help. Here are a few more ways to quit smoking and stay slim.
Drink water. To improve metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates, make half of those glasses ice water. Juice can be too high in calories, something you’ll want to keep an eye on your journey toward being a slimmer non-smoker. Plan your snacks. Healthy snacks help keep your metabolism working, so you continue to burn calories while stopping wild hunger pain, or fake hunger.
Keep moving. Exercise kills two birds with one stone. It helps you burn calories and prevents you from eating when you’re not truly hungry. It’s also a feel-good stress reliever (缓解物). Focus on your fitness and how being healthy makes you feel. Make exercise a goal and think of quitting as your reward for being physically fit.
28. Which of the following changes people’s appetite according to the new research?
A. Nicotine. B. Appetite-regulating neurons.
C. The receptors that bring about addiction. D. The food that has been consumed.
29. By saying “but that’s no reason to wait” in Paragraph 3, the author means that ________.
A. some new drugs are going to be developed soon
B. nicotine-replacement treatment cannot help everyone
C. losing weight should be an excuse for smoking
D. some ways to quit smoking while staying slim are available
30. The author believes that ________.
A. ice water can improve metabolic rates B. smokers should eat fewer snacks to keep slim
C stress can lead to fake hunger D. exercise can help one eat less
31. The purpose of the text is ________.
A. to introduce the result of a new study
B. to explain the reason why smokers become slim
C. to prove the possibility of being a slim non-smoker
D. to tell us ways to quit smoking without gaining weight
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文，文章主要介绍了戒烟后人们变胖的原因以及人们该如何应对戒烟后的肥胖问题。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段The new research explains that nicotine appears to combine with appetite-regulating neurons (调节食欲的神经元) in the brain, besides the receptors (感受器) that bring about addiction. These neurons help regulate how much food gets consumed, but under the influence of nicotine, they lose their self-control.可知，在尼古丁的作用下，调节食欲的神经元失控，故归根结底，是尼古丁改变了人们的食欲。故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据上下文语境以及第三段Nicotine-replacement treatment, while not for everyone, can help. Here are a few more ways to quit smoking and stay slim.可知，将来，发胖不再成为人们迟迟不肯戒烟的原因，但我们也没理由一直等到将来(新药研制出来再去戒烟)，即：现在我们也有办法在戒烟的同时保持体形，故选D项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段To improve metabolic rates… make half of those glasses ice water.可知，冰水可以增加新陈代谢，所以A项正确。
【31题详解】
写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章从一项新的研究成果谈起，分析了戒烟后体重增加的生理原因，并重点介绍了几种应对方法。故选D项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The benefits of walking to school
Encouraging your child to walk to school has many benefits. ___32___
The rates of childhood obesity and illnesses such as type II Diabetes (糖尿病) can be prevented by a healthy dose of walking. ___33___ On average around half of all children do not do the minimum one hour a day of physical activity advised by the Health Education Authority. A quick walk to school can help them get their daily exercise and arrive at school or home, refreshed and energetic.
___34___There was very strong evidence that walking to school improves children’s social development. This related to social contacts, independence and road sense. The walkers reported a happy social experience. It is believed that getting a lift to school each day can lead to a child becoming lethargic (无生气的).
According to research, the average drive to school and back releases 800g of CO₂ into the air. ___35___ If walking to school once a week can save 20 per cent of CO₂ gas produced by driving every day, how much CO₂ can be saved a year!
Last but not least, encouraging your child to walk to school will save you money. ___36___
Since walking to school has so many health, social, environmental and economical benefits, why not let your child walk from now on?
A. The following are some of them in different aspects.
B. You will spend less money on transport fares or petrol, of course.
C. Furthermore, 50 per cent of children still don’t regularly walk to school.
D. It is enough to blow over 60 balloons.
E. Walking can have a positive effect on a child’s emotional health.
F. Parents, children and teachers are asked to think about the benefits of walking to school.
G. In fact, walking helps protect the body from many serious illnesses later on in life.
【答案】32. A 33. G 34. E 35. D 36. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了步行上学的好处。
【32题详解】
根据上文“Encouraging your child to walk to school has many benefits.(鼓励孩子走路上学有很多好处)”及下文列举的例子可知，此处应说下边是不同方面的一些优点。由此可知，A. The following are some of them in different aspects.(以下是其中一些不同的方面)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
【33题详解】
根据上文“The rates of childhood obesity and illnesses such as type II Diabetes (糖尿病) can be prevented by a healthy dose of walking.(儿童肥胖和II型糖尿病等疾病的发病率可以通过健康剂量的步行来预防)”可知，步行有助于预防疾病。由此可知，G. In fact, walking helps protect the body from many serious illnesses later on in life.(事实上，走路有助于保护身体在以后的生活中免受许多严重疾病的侵袭)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
【34题详解】
根据下文“There was very strong evidence that walking to school improves children’s social development. This related to social contacts, independence and road sense. The walkers reported a happy social experience. It is believed that getting a lift to school each day can lead to a child becoming lethargic (无生气的).(有非常有力的证据表明步行上学能促进儿童的社会发展。这与社会交往、独立性和道路意识有关。步行者报告说他们的社交经历很愉快。人们认为，每天搭顺风车上学会导致孩子变得昏昏欲睡)”可知，本段主要讲步行上学不仅提供了孩子更丰富的社会经历还可以提升孩子们的心情。由此可知，E. Walking can have a positive effect on a child’s emotional health. (步行对儿童的情绪健康有积极的影响)适合作本段主旨句，符合语境。故选E。
【35题详解】
根据上文“According to research, the average drive to school and back releases 800g of CO₂ into the air.(据一项调查显示，平均每人开车上下学会向空气中释放800g的CO₂)”及下文“If walking to school once a week can save 20 per cent of CO₂ gas produced by driving every day, how much CO₂ can be saved a year!(如果每周步行上学一次就能节省每天开车产生的20%的CO₂气体，那么一年能节省多少CO₂！)”可知，此处讲述CO₂的排放量。由此可知，D. It is enough to blow over 60 balloons.(足够吹60多个气球)符合语境。故选D。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Last but not least, encouraging your child to walk to school will save you money.(最后但并非最不重要的，鼓励你的孩子走路上学将会节省你的金钱)”可知，此处讲述与经济有关的好处。由此可知，B. You will spend less money on transport fares or petrol,of course.(当然，你会在交通费或汽油上花更少的钱)符合语境。故选B。
第三节 (共4小题，共12分;第37题1分，第38题2分，第39题3分，第40题4分)
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
In 1987, I was 18 and working as a nurse in a small town about 270 km away from Sydney, Australia.
I was looking forward to having five days off from duty. Unfortunately, the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left. So I thought I’d hitch a ride (搭便车).
I waited by the side of the highway for three hours but no one stopped for me. Finally, a man walked over and introduced himself as Gordon. He said that although he couldn’t give me a lift, I should come back to his house for lunch. He noticed me standing for hours in the extreme heat and thought I must be hungry. I was doubtful as a young girl but he he assured me I was safe, and he also offered to help me find a lift home afterwards. When we arrived at his house, he made us sandwiches. After lunch, he helped me find a lift home.
Twenty-five years later, in2003, while I was driving to a nearby town one day, I saw an elderly man standing in the scorching heat, trying to hitch a ride. I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier. I pulled over and picked him up. I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water.
After a few moments of small talk, the man said to me,“You haven’t changed a bit, even your red hair is still the same.”
I couldn’t remember where I’d met him. He then told me he was the man who had given me lunch and helped me find a lift all those years ago. It was Gordon.
37. What did Gordon do to help the author?
____________________________________________________________________________
38. Please paraphrase the underlined sentence in your own words.
____________________________________________________________________________
39. Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why.
The author pulled over to pick up the elderly man in 2003 because he recognized the elder was the very person who ever helped him.
____________________________________________________________________________
40. Will you offer any help to a stranger who seems in trouble? Why or why not? (about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】37. He made her sandwiches and helped her find a lift home./He gave her lunch and helped her find a lift.
38. I thought it was my turn to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier.
39. The author pulled over to pick up the elderly man in 2003 because he recognized the elder was the very person who ever helped him. Because the author wanted to give back to others instead of recognizing the elder.
40. If a stranger needs help, I will give it as much as I can. After all, helping others is the root of happiness. Helping others in their time of need can also bring a little bit of beauty and warmth to the world.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫Gordon的人曾经帮助了作者，而15年后，作者在开车去附近的一个小镇时，看到一位老人在酷热中突然倒在了地上，帮助了老人，发现他正是多年前帮助了自己的Gordon。
【37题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“When we arrived at his house, he made us sandwiches. After lunch, he helped me find a lift home. (我们到他家时，他给我们俩做了三明治。午饭后，他找人把我送回了家)”可知，Gordon不但给作者做了午饭，还找人开车送作者回家。故答案为He made her sandwiches and helped her find a lift home./He gave her lunch and helped her find a lift.
【38题详解】
考查词句猜测。划线句子“I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier.”意思是作者认为这是另一个报答某人几十年前给予她的恩惠的机会。因此可以表达为I thought it was my turn to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier. 故答案为I thought it was my turn to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier.
【39题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier. I pulled over and picked him up. I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water.(我以为这是另一个报答某人几十年前给予我的恩惠的机会。我靠边停车把他接了起来。我让他舒服地坐在后座上，给他倒了点水)”及最后一段中的“He then told me he was the man who had given me lunch and helped me find a lift all those years ago. It was Gordon.(然后他告诉我，他就是多年前给我吃过午饭、帮我搭车的那个人。这是Gordon)”可知，作者把车停到路边接了这位老人，因为她想回报他人，而且开始并没有认出这位老人正是帮助过他的人。故答案为The author pulled over to pick up the elderly man in 2003 because he recognized the elder was the very person who ever helped him. Because the author wanted to give back to others instead of recognizing the elder.
【40题详解】
此为开放性题目，言之有理即可，题干为：你会为一个看起来有麻烦的陌生人提供帮助吗？为什么或者为什么不呢？可回答：如果陌生人需要帮助，只要我能力所及就会尽可能给予帮助。毕竟助人为快乐之本。在别人需要的时候伸出援手，也能为这个世界带来些许美好和温暖。故答案为If a stranger needs help, I will give it as much as I can. After all, helping others is the root of happiness. Helping others in their time of need can also bring a little bit of beauty and warmth to the world.
第三部分：词汇短语辨析(共13小题，每小题1分，共13分)
第一节 英译汉(共4小题，每小题1分。共4分)
写出下划线词的意思。
41. Jane has the sense of humour with me.
42. One needs to be passionate and positive if he wants to be successful.
43. David’s life has changed a lot, but he appreciates it ,since he can experience different style of living.
44. On the front of each card, please write some motivating words for your friends.
【答案】41. 幽默 42. 热情的
43. 欣赏、感激 44. 激发人的
【解析】
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：简对我很有幽默感。根据句意及所给句子可知，本句中的humour是名词，意为“幽默”。故填：幽默。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果一个人想要成功，他需要热情和积极。根据句意及所给句子可知，本句中的passionate是形容词，意为“热情的”。故填：热情的。
【43题详解】
考查动词。句意：大卫的生活改变了很多，但他很感激，因为他可以体验不同的生活方式。根据句意及所给句子可知，本句中的appreciates是谓语动词的第三人称单数形式，意为“欣赏、感激”。故填：欣赏、感激。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在每张卡片的正面，请为你的朋友写一些激励的话。根据句意及所给句子可知，本句中的motivating是形容词，意为“激发人的”。故填：激发人的。
第二节 汉译英(共4小题，每小题1分。共4分)
45. I’m so delighted to receive your i__________(邀请). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】invitation##nvitation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我很高兴收到你的邀请。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词invitation，作receive的宾语。故填invitation。
46. We should do our best to c________(努力赢得；追逐) our dreams. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】chase##hase
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我们应该尽全力去追逐我们的梦想。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词chase，固定搭配do one’s best to do sth“尽力做某事”。故填chase。
47. The little boy ruined his sister’s book by accident, and he felt so g_________(内疚的). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】guilty##uilty
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：小男孩不小心弄坏了他姐姐的书，他感到很内疚。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处使用形容词guilty，作表语。故填guilty。
48. This book is one of the most o_________(杰出的) works in the world. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】outstanding##utstanding
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这本书是世界上最杰出的作品之一。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处使用形容词outstanding，修饰名词works，作定语。故填outstanding。
第三节 短语填空(共5小题，每小题1分。共5分)
选词填空
pour into; drop out; on behalf of; retire from; stay in
49. After working in the company for 40 years, Mr. Smith ___________ his beloved position last year.
50. Mr.Jenkins took the students out, and asked them to _____ some fuel _____ the rocket.
51. It’s raining so heavily outside, let’s _________ and watch a film.
52. __________ our school, the participants has been working quite hard for the competition.
53. Jason Harley decided to _________ this kind of lifestyle and chose to live a more meaningful life.
【答案】49. retired from
50. ①. pour ②. into
51. stay in
52. On behalf of
53. drop out
【解析】
【49题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：史密斯先生在这家公司工作了40年，去年从他心爱的职位上退休了。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语retire from“退休”。由last year可知，应用一般过去时。故填retired from。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：詹金斯先生把学生们带了出来，让他们给火箭倒一些燃料。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语pour into“倒入”，固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”。故填①pour②into。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：外面雨下得这么大，我们待在屋里看电影吧。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语stay in“呆在家里；不外出”，固定搭配let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。故填stay in。
【52题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：代表我们学校，参赛者们为这次比赛付出了很多努力。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用介词短语on behalf of“代表”。故填On behalf of。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：杰森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，选择过一种更有意义的生活。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语drop out“退出；脱离”，固定搭配decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故填drop out。
第四部分：书面表达(满分15)
54. 你们班同学打算周日去爬司马台长城。请给外教Sam写一封英文信，邀请他参加此次活动。具体内容如下：
1. 活动相关内容；
2. 活动注意事项等。
注意：1. 词数不少于80；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sam,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sam,
We are planning to climb the Great Wall at Simatai this Saturday and sincerely invite you to go with us.
We will get together at the school gate at 8 am and probably come back at 5 pm. To make it a green travel, we will take the bus there. You’d better take your camera to record the beautiful scenery. And don’t forget to take some food, because we plan to have lunch on the top of the hill. Remember, take your umbrella or raincoat in case it rains.
We do hope that you will be able to come if it is convenient for you. If you can join us, we will be very happy.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假如你们班同学打算周日去爬司马台长城，请给外教Sam写一封英文信，邀请他参加此次活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
计划做某事：plan to do sth→be scheduled to do sth
返回：come back→return
方便的：convenient→expedient
快乐的：happy → cheerful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：You’d better take your camera to record the beautiful scenery.
拓展句：You’d better take your camera, which can be used to record the beautiful scenery.
【点睛】[高分句型1] To make it a green travel, we will take the bus there. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
[高分句型2] We do hope that you will be able to come if it is convenient for you. (运用了do强调谓语动词，that引导宾语从句和if引导的条件状语从句)
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