2022维吾尔自治区喀什二中高一上学期期中英语试题含解析

这是一份2022维吾尔自治区喀什二中高一上学期期中英语试题含解析，文件包含新疆维吾尔自治区喀什二中2021-2022学年高一上学期期中英语试题含解析doc、新疆维吾尔自治区喀什二中2021-2022学年高一上学期期中英语试题无答案doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。

喀什第二中学2021-2022学年度上学期期中质量监测
高一英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。
2. 答题时使用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签字）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号在各题的答题区城（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
4. 保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Four Interesting Science Museums
Polytechnic Museum, Russia
For many guests of the capital, some of the most vivid childhood memories are associated with this museum. A variety of technical fields are presented in 65 halls-Mining, Space, Energy, and Transportation, etc. And the exposition（博览会）is the only museum project in Russia about the history of the bike. The interactive division "Technoplay" is open, where you not only can but also need touch most of the exhibits with your hands. In addition to self-experimentation, for personal requests the museum's experts will show many entertaining experiments.
Eureka, England
The Eureka educational center is a huge complex where modern science and technology are becoming clear, even to kids. The main exhibition is devoted to the human body, the laws of physics and natural things. Visitors can obtain energy or create paper with their own hands. On the area of the Eureka educational park there is a botanical garden and a collection of minerals from the rock types of Finland is presented there.
Deutsches Museum, Germany
In this museum you can see more than 100 thousand different items from windmills（风车）to medical equipment. All aspects of industrial production appear before the eyes. Several museum rooms are arranged especially for children-there are exhibits that entertain kids starting from three.
NEMO, the Netherlands
The largest Dutch research centre stands ready to share its secrets with everyone. This immersion（沉浸）in the world of science and technology will not be dull. All significant information is presented in the form of exciting games. All exhibits are interactive; visitors are allowed to touch, pull and press on anything. The museum is for children from 6 to 16, as well as for their parents-it will be interesting to all.
1. What can visitors do at Polytechnic Museum?
A. Learn how the bike developed. B. Touch all of the exhibits.
C. Watch entertaining movies. D. Show entertaining experiments.
2. Where should visitors go if they are interested in plants?
A. Polytechnic Museum. B. Eureka.
C. Deutsches Museum. D. NEMO.
3. What makes NEMO unique?
A. It is specially designed for children.
B. It is the largest museum in the world.
C. It shows information of exhibits in games.
D. Some exhibits can be touched or pressed.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四家有趣的科学博物馆。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据Polytechnic Museum, Russia部分的“And the exposition is the only museum project in Russia about the history of the bike.”可知，而此次博览会是俄罗斯唯一一个关于自行车历史的博物馆项目。在Polytechnic Museum这家博物馆，游客可以了解自行车的发展历史，故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据Eureka，England部分的“On the area of the Eureka educational park there is a botanical garden”可知，尤里卡教育公园有一个植物园。由此可知，如果游客对植物感兴趣，他们应该去Eureka，故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据NEMO，the Netherlands部分的“All significant information is presented in the form of exciting games.”可知，所有重要信息都以激动人心的游戏形式呈现。所以使NEMO独特的是这家博物馆给孩子提供寓教于乐的参观方式，故选C。
B
One summer during high school, my mom volunteered me to help Grandpa research our family tree. Great, I thought, imagining hours spent pawing through dusty, rotting boxes and listening to boring stories about people I didn't know. "You'll be surprised," my mom promised, "Family histories can be very interesting."
In truth, Grandpa didn't want to limit my work to just research, hoping to also preserve our family memories. He'd discovered a computer program that helps digitally scan old pictures and letters to preserve their contents before they crumble from old age. Grandpa wanted me to help him connect the scanner and set up the computer program. Ile could type documents and send emails, but had never used a scanner.
Soon after, I became fascinated with my relatives' lives. I asked Grandpa to tell the story behind every picture and letter we scanned. The stories, which turned out not to be boring at all, helped me not only understand but also relate to my relatives. I became so hungry for more information that Grandpa needed additional props to keep me satisfied. He showed me a chest filled with random stuff, all covered in dust.
Perusing through their belongings, I felt I was opening a window into the world of my relatives, a world long since gone. Grandpa showed me a bundle of letters he had sent to Grandma from the front lines of World War II and I could almost smell the gunpowder. I turned the pages of my great-grandmother's recipe book and could picture her cooking in her kitchen. All of the people who had been merely names to me now had faces to match.
Later, Grandpa admitted, "I probably could have done this project myself. I just wanted someone to share it with." I can't thank him enough for sharing the experience and making me appreciate the family members who have made me the person I am. I will cherish family memories and hope that someday will be able to pass them down to my own grandchildren.
4. Which of the following can best describe the author's first impression of research?
A. Delightful. B. Tiresome.
C. Surprising. D. Interesting
5. What does the underlined word "crumble" in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Come to life. B. Tear apart.
C. Fall to pieces. D. Break through.
6. Why did Grandpa give the author a chest?
A. To show him a bundle of letters.
B. To keep him away from boredom.
C. To give him something to sort out.
D. To fulfill his desire to know more.
7. What can we learn about Grandpa from the passage?
A. He used to serve in the army.
B. He knew nothing about computer.
C. He buried the letters under gunpowder.
D. He loved sharing what he had with others.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者在帮助爷爷研究自家家谱的过程中，发现了很多乐趣。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Great, I thought, imagining hours spent pawing through dusty, rotting boxes and listening to boring stories about people I didn't know. (太好了，我想着，想象着我花了好几个小时翻看满是灰尘、腐烂的盒子，听着那些我不认识的人的无聊故事)”可知，作者对调查的第一印象是无聊。故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段第二句中的“preserve their contents(保留其内容)”可知，如果不使用技术手段来保留旧照片的内容，时间久了它们就会变成碎片而消失，所以此处是指在它们变成碎片之前保留旧照片的内容。由此推知，划线词意为“变成碎片”。故选C。
6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段倒第二句“I became so hungry for more information that Grandpa needed additional props to keep me satisfied.(我变得如此渴望了解更多的信息，以至于爷爷需要额外的道具来满足我)”可知，爷爷给作者了一个箱子是为了满足他想要了解更多的愿望。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Grandpa showed me a bundle of letters he had sent to Grandma from the front lines of World War II and I could almost smell the gunpowder.(爷爷给我看了一捆他从第二次世界大战前线寄给奶奶的信，我几乎闻到了火药的味道) ”可知，作者的爷爷曾经参加过军队。故选A。
C
Imagine that the genome (基因组) is a book. The book consists of 23 chapters, with thousands of stories made up of paragraphs, words and letters on different levels. There are one billion words in the book, which makes it longer than 500 dictionaries. If I read the genome out to you at the rate of one word per second for eight hours a day, it would take me a century. If I wrote out the human genome, one letter per millimeter, my text would be as long as the River Danube. This enormous document, however, all fits inside the extremely small nucleus (核) of a tiny cell that fits easily upon the head of a pin (针尖).
The idea of the genome as a book is not, strictly speaking, even a metaphor (比喻). It is true to a great extent. A book is a piece of digital information, written in one-directional form and controlled by a system that translates a small alphabet (字母表) of letters into a large dictionary of meanings through the order of their groupings. So is a genome. The only difference is that all English books read from left to right, while some parts of the genome read from left to right, and some from right to left, though never both at the same time.
While English books are written in words of different lengths using twenty-six letters, genomes are written entirely in three-letter words, using only four letters. And instead of being written on flat pages, they are written on long chains of DNA molecules (分子). The genome is a very clever book, because in the right conditions it can both photocopy itself and read itself.
8. What facts do you know about the genome?
A. It has 23 chapters. B. It is extremely long.
C. It is in the cell nucleus. D. It is on the pin head.
9. In what sense is the genome like a book?
A. Both have digital images. B. Both are read from left to right.
C. Both are grouped by subject. D. Both have a translation system.
10. What can we know about genomes from paragraph 3?
A. They are nearly of the same length. B. They are made up of DNA.
C. They can reproduce each other. D. They are written on flat pages.
11. Why did the writer make a comparison of the genome to a book?
A. To focus on the differences. B. To emphasize the similarities.
C. To simplify the concept. D. To give different description.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章用比喻的方法讲述了深奥的基因组的理论。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“If I wrote out the human genome, one letter per millimeter, my text would be as long as the River Danube. This enormous document, however, all fits inside the extremely small nucleus (核) of a tiny cell that fits easily upon the head of a pin (针尖).”（如果我写出人类基因组，每毫米一个字母，我的文本将有多瑙河那么长。然而，这份庞大的文件却都能装进一个极小细胞的极小细胞核里，而这个细胞核很容易就能装在大头针头上。）由此可知，关于基因组，它在细胞核中。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“A book is a piece of digital information, written in one-directional form and controlled by a system that translates a small alphabet (字母表) of letters into a large dictionary of meanings through the order of their groupings. So is a genome.”（一本书是一种单向书写的数字信息，由一个系统控制，该系统根据字母组合的顺序，将一小部分字母翻译成一个庞大的意义词典。基因组也是如此。）由此可知，基因组就像一本书一样，两者都有翻译系统。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“While English books are written in words of different lengths using twenty-six letters, genomes are written entirely in three-letter words, using only four letters.”（英文书籍用26个字母写成不同长度的单词，而基因组则完全用3个字母写成单词，只用了4个字母。）由此可知，从第三段我们能了解到基因组几乎一样长。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Imagine that the genome (基因组) is a book. The book consists of 23 chapters, with thousands of stories made up of paragraphs, words and letters on different levels. There are one billion words in the book, which makes it longer than 500 dictionaries.”（想象基因组是一本书。全书共23章，由不同层次的段落、单词和字母组成的成千上万个故事。这本书里有10亿个单词，比500本字典还长。）由此可知，作者要把基因组和一本书作比较是为了简化概念。故选C。
D
Some termite (白蚁) species have figured out how to enjoy the shelter of the huge complex nests that the insects build without contributing to their construction They avoid the full anger of their builder hosts by being extremely easy-going.
Animals that live in the nests of another species without affecting them are known as inquilines. Inquiline termites are unique among termites in being unable to make their own nests. Instead, they live in the hallways built by another termite, Constrictotermes cyphergaster. Until now, it has been unclear how the two parties kept peaceful in such tight quarters because termites are typically very aggressive towards outsiders.
Helder Hugo at the University of Konstanz in Germany and his colleagues collected Constrictotermes cyphergaster’s nests in the Brazilian Cerrado and brought them into the laboratory. They then placed host and tenant (房客) termites in either open or narrow areas and used video to track and record the ways in which the two species reacted to each other.
Right from the start, the inquiline’ termites moved around less than their hosts and interacted little with them, even in the much narrower area. “Many times,” says Hugo, “when two unrelated groups are put together in a limited space—such as an experimental area—the outcome is conflict with losses from both sides.” But that didn’t happen here. Despite attacks from host termites, the tenant termites were obedient. Hosts would bite or attack the inquilines with strong chemicals, but their targets never responded in the same way, choosing to flee. Some ignored the hosts completely.
“We did not expect that they would never fight back,” says Hugo, noting that the inquilines are capable of protecting their own place with mouths. “By preventing conflict going worse, inquiline termites may considerably improve their chances of living together with their host termites peacefully.”
“Passiveness does not necessarily lead to defeat, but can be a very useful strategy, saving energy and resources,” she adds. “Nature may not always be red in tooth and claw, and aggression is not any more successful a strategy than ‘cowardice’ (儒弱).”
12. What is the feature of the inquiline termites?
A. They live in another termite species’ nests.
B. They are aggressive towards outsiders.
C. They like to build their own nests.
D. They are communicative tenants.
13. What do you learn about the experiment in paragraph 3?
A. The differences between the two species.
B. The findings of the observation.
C. The living habits of termites.
D. The process of the research.
14. What does Hugo think of the inquiline termites’ living strategy?
A. Aggressive. B. Unacceptable. C. Effective. D. Dangerous.
15. What’s the best title for the text?
A. The Characteristics of Termites
B. Passiveness Doesn’t Necessarily Lead to Defeat
C. The Relationship Between Host and Tenant Termites
D. Termites Use Cowardice to Avoid Their Hosts’ Anger
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了寄居白蚁自己不筑巢，而是寄居在别的白蚁的巢穴中，这些白蚁用示弱来躲避巢穴主人的愤怒。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“Inquiline termites are unique among termites in being unable to make their own nests. Instead, they live in the hallways built by another termite, Constrictotermes cyphergaster.”（在白蚁中，寄居白蚁是独特的，它们不能够自己筑巢。相反，它们生活在另一种白蚁Constrictotermes cyphergaster建造的巢穴里。）可知，寄居白蚁是独特的，它们不能够自己筑巢，而是生活在另一种白蚁建造的巢穴中。由此可知，寄居白蚁的特征是它们生活在另一种白蚁的巢穴里。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Helder Hugo at the University of Konstanz in Germany and his colleagues collected Constrictotermes cyphergaster’s nests in the Brazilian Cerrado and brought them into the laboratory. They then placed host and tenant (房客) termites in either open or narrow areas and used video to track and record the ways in which the two species reacted to each other.”（德国康斯坦茨大学的赫尔德·雨果和他的同事们在巴西塞拉多收集了Constrictotermes cyphergaster的巢穴，并把它们带进了实验室。然后，他们将主人和房客白蚁放置在开阔或狭窄的区域，并用视频追踪和记录这两种白蚁相互反应的方式。）可知，本段主要介绍的是研究的过程，首先把收集到的巢穴带进实验室，然后将主人和房客白蚁放置在开阔或狭窄的区域，并用视频追踪和记录这两种白蚁相互反应的方式。由此可知，在第三段中我们了解到了实验研究的过程。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段关键句“Despite attacks from host termites, the tenant termites were obedient. Hosts would bite or attack the inquilines with strong chemicals, but their targets never responded in the same way, choosing to flee. Some ignored the hosts completely.”（尽管受到主人白蚁的攻击，房客白蚁还是听话的。主人会用强烈的化学物质叮咬或攻击寄生白蚁，但它们的目标从来没有做出同样的反应，而是选择逃跑。有些完全忽视了主人。）可知，面对主人的攻击，寄生白蚁选择逃跑。根据文章最后一段内容““Passiveness does not necessarily lead to defeat, but can be a very useful strategy, saving energy and resources,” she adds. “Nature may not always be red in tooth and claw, and aggression is not any more successful a strategy than ‘cowardice’ (儒弱).””（“被动不一定会导致失败，但可以是一个非常有用的战略，节省能源和资源，”她补充说。“大自然未必总是红的牙齿和爪子，侵略也不是比‘懦弱’更成功的策略。”）可知，在雨果看来，寄生白蚁逃跑的被动反应是一个非常有用的战略。由此可知，雨果认为寄生白蚁的生存策略是有效的。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。分析文章内容，结合第二段关键句“Inquiline termites are unique among termites in being unable to make their own nests. Instead, they live in the hallways built by another termite, Constrictotermes cyphergaster.”（在白蚁中，寄居白蚁是独特的，它们不能够自己筑巢。相反，它们生活在另一种白蚁Constrictotermes cyphergaster建造的走廊里。）和第四段关键句“Despite attacks from host termites, the tenant termites were obedient. Hosts would bite or attack the inquilines with strong chemicals, but their targets never responded in the same way, choosing to flee. Some ignored the hosts completely.”（尽管受到主人白蚁的攻击，房客白蚁还是听话的。主人会用强烈的化学物质叮咬或攻击寄生白蚁，但它们的目标从来没有做出同样的反应，而是选择逃跑。有些完全忽视了主人。）可知，文章主要讲述了寄居白蚁独特的生存方式，他们不能够自己筑巢，而是生活在另一种白蚁建造的巢穴中，并且利用自己的“懦弱”来避免和巢穴主人发生冲突，以实现居住的目的。“Termites Use Cowardice to Avoid Their Hosts’ Anger”意为“白蚁用怯懦来躲避主人的愤怒”，为短文最佳标题。故选D项。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Swimming can build up your muscles and turn back the aging clock ___16___ We've got them right here. Dive in.
It's easy on the impact.
___17___ They need to take it easy on their joints. But it may also mean more results. "You can swim at higher intensities on a regular basis without feeling wear and tear on your body, "Walton, owner of an endurance training studio in New York City, says. You could have a superhard workout one day and still be in the pool the next.
It's great for your lungs.
A study in the Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology even found that swimmers had better tidal volume (the amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs during relaxed breathing) compared to runners. ___18___ And as you'll see next, it also leads to better running performance.
It makes you a better runner.
By increasing your ability to take in and effectively use oxygen, swimming increases your endurance capacity like crazy, Walton says ___19___ It also means you can run faster mile after mile without getting winded.
___20___
Regular swimmers are biologically 20 years younger than their driver's licences say they are, according to are search from Indiana University. Scientists say that, even up until your 70th birthday, swimming affects blood pressure,cholesterol levels and blood chemistry to be much more similar to that of your younger self. Who needs night cream?
A. It turns back the clock.
B. Anyone can do it.
C. Do you need more reasons to suit up?
D. This results in lower resting heart rates and lower blood pressure.
E. Yes, the low impact means swimming is a great workout for injured athletes
F. Swimming is a life skill. It opens the doors to a lot of fun stuff.
G. That's great news if you're hoping to complete your first half-marathon this year.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. D 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了游泳有好处的原因。
【16题详解】
上一句提到“游泳可以增强你的肌肉，使衰老的时钟倒转。”说明了游泳的好处，承接上文，C选项“你还需要更多的理由吗”切题。紧接着下一句“原因就在下面”，引出建议游泳的原因，该选项中的more reasons对应下文中的them。故选C项。
【17题详解】
由第一个标题“It's easy on the impact.”它的冲击力小，E选项“低冲击意味着游泳是一个对于受伤运动员来说很好的锻炼”切题，标题的impact对应E选项中的impact。下文中的“你可以定期进行高强度的游泳，而不会感到身体的疲劳和撕裂”承接下文，故选E项。
【18题详解】
上一句提到“研究发现游泳者比跑步者有更好的肺活量”，所以这导致了较低的静息心率和较低的血压。肺活量和心率血压都有关系。D选项承接上文，故选D项。
【19题详解】
下一句提到“这也意味着你可以一英里接着一英里跑得更快而不会喘不过气来。”，G选项中的half-marathon马拉松和跑步有关系，所以G选项承接下文，同时标题也提到了关键词runner，故选G项。
【20题详解】
第五个标题后文章说到 “研究表明，一般游泳者的生理年龄比他们驾照上写的要小20岁，”，对应A选项“时光倒流”，游泳能让人更年轻，故选A项。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Growing up in the 1960s, I was taught from an early age to send a handwritten thank-you note expressing ___21___ for kindness. My mother used to buy me a box of paper and ___22___ me in the art and value of saying “thank you”. She ___23___ to be right.
A study showed that it took most volunteers less than 5 minutes to write the thank-you notes. Just 5 minutes to make ___24___ person feel “overjoyed”! ___25___, in our “instant” world, the idea of getting an actual pen and writing an actual note seems to never come to mind. We tend to do what is ___26___ for us — a quick text or an email.
It’s easy to use the ___27___ of being busy, but even very busy and ___28___ businessmen find time to ___29___ thank-you notes. For example, when Doug Conant became CEO of Campbell’s Soup, the company had ___30___ half of its market value and morale(士气) was at an all-time low. He ___31___fixing that by doing some simple things that are probably not ___32___ in any MBA class. For one thing, Conant wrote to every ___33___. He gained their confidence and ___34___, turned the company ___35___.
In his ten years as CEO, Conant wrote over 30,000 notes to employees. It’s ___36___ not to ask how he did it. ___37___, he had many other things to do ___38___ writing a thank-you note. Conant made time for ___39___ because he knew the impact(影响) each one would have. An expression of ___40___ in this crazy world still makes a difference.
21. A. concern B. sympathy C. affection D. appreciation
22. A. consult B. instruct C. answer D. impress
23. A. remained B. proved C. appeared D. claimed
24. A. one B. any C. each D. another
25. A. Yet B. Therefore C. So D. Otherwise
26. A. special B. necessary C. convenient D. important
27. A. case B. excuse C. example D. situation
28. A. humorous B. optimistic C. successful D. experienced
29. A. pen B. receive C. design D. deliver
30. A. lost B. gained C. developed D. damaged
31. A. gave up B. kept up C. set about D. worried about
32. A. permitted B. taught C. checked D. tested
33. A. market B. businessman C. company D. employee
34. A. personally B. frankly C. naturally D. occasionally
35. A. up B. down C. away D. around
36. A. hard B. great C. amazing D. disappointing
37. A. As usual B. In short C. By the way D. After all
38. A. by B. in C. besides D. without
39. A. me B. it C. him D. them
40. A. kindness B. joy C. value D. confidence
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，人们总是以太忙为借口而没有时间写感谢信，但成功的人总会腾出时间写感谢信，在担任CEO的十年里，Conant给员工共写了三万多封感谢信，作者由此告诉我们：在这个疯狂的世界里，善意的表达仍然会产生影响。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. concern关心；B. sympathy同情；C. affection喜爱；D. appreciation感激、欣赏。根据本空前的“send a handwritten thank-you note expressing”可知，发一封手写的感谢写信是为了表达感激之情，故D选项切题。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. consult商议；B. instruct指导、教授；C. answer回答；D. impress给某人留下深刻印象。根据本空后的“me in the art and value of saying “thank you”.”可知，妈妈教我说“谢谢”的艺术和价值，故B选项切题。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. remained保持；B. proved证明；C. appeared出现；D. claimed声称。妈妈教我说“谢谢”的艺术和价值，事实证明她是对的，故B选项切题。
【24题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。A. one一个；B. any任何一个；C. each每一个；D. another另一个。根据本空后的“person feel “overjoyed”!”可知，只需要五分钟就能让另一个人喜出望外，故D选项切题。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. Yet然而、但是；B. Therefore因此；C. So所以；D. Otherwise否则。根据本空后的“in our “instant” world, the idea of getting an actual pen and writing an actual note seems to never come to mind.”可知，然而，在这个瞬息之间的世界，似乎从没有过动笔写感谢信的想法，前后是转折关系，故A选项切题。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. special特别的；B. necessary必要的；C. convenient方便的；D. important重要的。根据本空后的“for us — a quick text or an email.”可知，我们总是做对我们来说方便的事情——发一个短信或一封电子邮件，故C选项切题。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. case情况；B. excuse借口；C. example例子；D. situation形势。根据本空后的“of being busy”可知，我们很容易以忙当借口，故B选项切题。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. humorous幽默的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. successful成功的；D. experienced经验丰富的。根据本空后的“businessmen find time to …thank-you notes. For example, when Doug Conant became CEO of Campbell’s Soup”可知，成功的人总能腾出时间写感谢信，故C选项切题。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. pen写；B. receive收到；C. design设计；D. deliver递送。根据后面Campbell的CEO的例子可知，成功的商人总能腾出时间写感谢信，故A选项切题。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. lost失去；B. gained获得；C. developed发展；D. damaged伤害。根据本空后的“half of its market value and morale was at an all-time low.”可知，这家公司刚损失一半的市值，士气处于最低潮，故A选项切题。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. gave up放弃；B. kept up保持、继续；C. set about着手；D. worried about担心。根据本空后的“fixing that by doing some simple things that are probably not … in any MBA class.”可知，他着手用MBA课上不曾教过的简单的方法来解决此事，故C选项切题。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. permitted允许；B. taught教；C. checked检查；D. tested测试。这些是MBA课上不曾教过的，故B选项切题。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. market市场；B. businessman商人；C. company公司；D. employee员工。根据下文中的“Conant wrote over 30,000 notes to employees”可知，他给每一个员工写信，赢得了他们的信心，故D选项切题。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. personally亲自地；B. frankly坦白地；C. naturally自然地；D. occasionally偶尔。他赢得了员工的信心，自然地，公司的生意好转了，故C选项切题。
【35题详解】
考查固定短语。自然地，公司的生意好转了，turn around表示“生意好转”，故D选项切题。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. hard困难的；B. great伟大的；C. amazing不可思议的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据本空前的“In his ten years as CEO, Conant wrote over 30,000 notes to employees.”可知，在担任CEO的十年里，Conant给员工共写了三万多封感谢信，很难不去问他是怎么做到的，故A选项切题。
【37题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。A. As usual像往常一样；B. In short总之；C. By the way顺便说； D. After all毕竟。根据本空后的“he had many other things to do”可知，毕竟，除了写感谢信，他还有很多事情要做，故D选项切题。
【38题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。A. by凭借；B. in在……内；C. besides除了；D. without没有。除了写感谢信，Conant还有很多事情要做，故C选项切题。
【39题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。A. me我；B. it它；C. him他；D. them他们。Conant为写感谢信留出时间，此处指writing a thank-you note，故B选项切题。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. kindness善良、好意；B. joy快乐；C. value价值；D. confidence自信。根据本空后的“in this crazy world still makes a difference.”可知，在这个疯狂的世界里，善意的表达仍然会产生影响，故A选项切题。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Different countries have wildly different forms of greeting.
In the USA, when you pass by someone you know, a nod is acceptable, and you usually shake hands with someone you first meet. But in Latin countries, a firm handshake___41___(consider) rude. In my home country, Mauritius, when people meet, they usually kiss each other ____42____ the cheeks. This is also common in France, ____43____ the act is called faire la bise. However, this is not ___44___universal rule.
During my first week in the USA, I kissed every single girl I met. My friends had to tell me that that was inappropriate,___45___(leave) me in great embarrassment. What is common here, however, is for friends_____46_____(hug) each other – something I was not used to. Hugs always make me ___47___(frighten) because I don’t really like that. This may seem strange since even kissing ___48___(stranger) is normal in my country. Now that I think about it, I hate cheek-kissing as well.
Wouldn’t it be ____49____(enjoy) to have a greeting code that is _____50_____(wide) acceptable? I’m not saying we should start doing that, but we can surely do something to avoid misunderstanding.
【答案】41. is considered
42. on 43. where
44. a 45. leaving
46 to hug 47. frightened
48. strangers
49. enjoyable
50. widely
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历和例子讲述了不同的国家有非常不同的问候方式。
【41题详解】
考查时态语态。句中主语a firm handshake和动词consider是被动关系，此处作谓语用被动语态。表示客观事实，与上下文一致用一般现在时。故填is considered。
【42题详解】
考查介词。此处指亲吻对方的脸颊，在脸上用介词on。故填on。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句中包含定语从句，先行词是France，在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导，故填where。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句中rule是可数名词单数形式，此处表示一种普遍的规律，universal开头是辅音因素，故填a。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，此处用非谓语。前面句子与动词leave是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，故填leaving。
【46题详解】
考查动词不定式。句中What is common here是主语从句，此处强调具体的动作用不定式作表语。故填to hug。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：拥抱总是让我很害怕，因为我不喜欢拥抱。修饰人用-ed结尾的形容词，故填frightened。
【48题详解】
考查名词。stranger是单数可数名词，此处表示泛指用复数形式，故填strangers。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有一个被广泛接受的问候代码不是很令人愉快吗?此处表示“令人愉快的”用形容词作表语，故填enjoyable。
【50题详解】
考查副词。修饰形容词acceptable用副词，指广泛接受的，故填widely。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Saturday, I took part in an English speech competition hold by our school. I was really excited about it. When it was my turn, I walked onto the stage. I felt nervously and frightened with such large a crowd looking at me! I was about to give up as I saw my family members seated there. I regained belief in me at once. I was announced as one of the second-prize winner and all my family take great pride in me for my success.
I am glad to have participated in contest. I learnt a lot of from this experience. I improved my English speaking skills. I also learnt what to face people bravely and confidently.
【答案】1. hold →held
2. nervously→ nervous
3. such→so
4. as→when
5. me→ myself
6. winner → winners
7. take→ took
8. in后加the
9.去掉lot后的of
10. what→ how
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加学校英语演讲比赛的经历和感受。
【详解】1.考查过去分词。句意：上周六，我参加了学校举办的英语演讲比赛。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词，an English speech competition和hold之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应该用过去分词作后置定语；hold是不规则变化动词，过去分词为held。故将hold改为held。
2.考查形容词。句意：这么多人看着我，我感到紧张和害怕! 在系动词feel后，应该接形容词作表语。故将nervously改为nervous。
3.考查副词。句意：这么多人看着我，我感到紧张和害怕! 修饰形容词large，应该用副词so；此处是“so+形容词+a+单数可数名词”结构。故将such改为so。
4.考查从属连词。句意：就在我正要放弃的时候，我看到我的家人坐在那里。此处是短语be about to do… when“正要做……这时……”。故将as改为when。
5.考查代词。句意：我立刻重新有了自信。主语是I，介词宾语和主语所指相同，应该用相应的反身代词myself。故将me改为myself。
6.考查可数名词单复数。句意：我被宣布是二等奖获得者之一。“one of…”表示“……之一”，后面接可数名词的复数形式。 故将winner改为winners。
7.考查时态。句意：我所有的家人都为我的成功感到骄傲。全文叙述的是过去发生事情，用一般过去时，此句也应该用一般过去时；take是不规则变化动词，过去式为took。故将take改为took。
8.考查冠词。句意：我很高兴参加了这次比赛。此处用定冠词the指上文提到的英语演讲比赛。故in后加the。
9.考查固定短语。句意：我从这次经历中学到了很多。 a lot of表示“许多……”后接名词；此处是修饰句子的谓语动词learned，应该用a lot。故去掉lot 后的of。
10.考查疑问词。句意：我也学会了如何勇敢自信地面对人。此处是“疑问词+不定式”结构；根据句意，应该用疑问词how，意思为“如何（面对人）”。 故将what改为how。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，某国外志愿者服务项目正在招募志愿者到欠发达国家宣传新冠病预防知识，你希望成为其中一员。请根据以下提示信息，给该项目的负责人Mr Wilson写一封申请信。
1. 介绍个人情况
2. 表明意愿
3. 期待早日回复
注意：1.词数100左右；
2. 内容必须包括以上要点，可适当发挥。
提示词汇：欠发达的less-developed；新冠病the COVID-19
【答案】Dear Mr. Wilson,
Learning from the Internet that you are looking for some volunteers to go to some less-developed countries to spread the knowledge of how to prevent the COVID-19, I am interested in it. Therefore, I am writing to apply to be a volunteer.
I am Li Hua, a college student from China. I think I am qualified for the job. The reasons are as follows. Firstly, when the COVID-19 hit China, I served as a volunteer in my community, witnessing the effective measures taken by the government. Thus, I have experience. Besides, I major in English, so there is no language barrier for me communicate with foreigners. What’s more, I am easy-going and enthusiastic, which can help me to get along well with different people. I believe I can do it well.
I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. Give me a chance, and I will give you a surprise. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给Mr Wilson写一封申请信，希望成为新冠病预防知识的一名志愿者。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。
结构：总分总法
要求：
1. 介绍个人情况；
2. 表明意愿；
3. 期待早日回复。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
look for； spread the knowledge of；be interested in；apply to；be qualified for；as follows；serve as；major in；communicate with；get along well with；take… into consideration；look forward to
第三步：连词成句
1.Learning from the Internet that you are looking for some volunteers to go to some less-developed countries to spread the knowledge of how to prevent the COVID-19, I am interested in it.
2.Therefore, I am writing to apply to be a volunteer.
3. Firstly, when the COVID-19 hit China, I served as a volunteer in my community, witnessing the effective measures taken by the government.
4. Thus, I have experience.
5. Besides, I major in English, so there is no language barrier for me communicate with foreigners. 6. What’s more, I am easy-going and enthusiastic, which can help me to get along well with different people.
7. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
8. Looking forward to your early reply.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：Firstly
2.表并列补充关系：What’s more, Besides
3.表因果关系：Thus, Therefore
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
【点睛】[高分句型1] Learning from the Internet that you are looking for some volunteers to go to some less-developed countries to spread the knowledge of how to prevent the COVID-19, I am interested in it.(现在分词knowing作状语，that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Firstly, when the COVID-19 hit China, I served as a volunteer in my community, witnessing the effective measures taken by the government. (when引导时间状语从句，witnessing现在分词作状语)
[高分句型3] What’s more, I am easy-going and enthusiastic, which can help me to get along well with different people. (which引导非限制性定语从句)