2022-2023学年北京市首都师大附属回龙观育新学校高二（上）期中英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年北京市首都师大附属回龙观育新学校高二（上）期中英语试卷（含答案解析），共20页。试卷主要包含了该人物是谁；，他/她成功的秘诀是什么；，该人物的事迹和主要贡献；，【答案】A、C、D、D，【答案】C、A、D、A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年北京市首都师大附属回龙观育新学校高二（上）期中英语试卷

"It's no use，Mum." said Johnny. "I'm just no good at dancing."
"You've got to keep trying.Tonight will be(1)， dear.Try a turn with that pretty Lisette."
Johnny (2) .Every Saturday night used to be the best of the week.He and his parents went to the dance at the Club，where his hero，Alcide，played the accordion with the band.But lately everything had changed.Now that Johnny was older，he was (3) to dance with a girl.
When Johnny and his parents arrived at the Club，music had already started.Johnny got up his(4) to approach Lisette. "May I have this dance？" Johnny asked. "That's all right，" said Lisette.Johnny struggled to keep up with Lisette's smooth steps，but he was always one beat behind her.Then Johnny heard his friend Pierre say， "Look!Johnny has two let feet!"(5) burst from the crowd.Johnny broke away and ran outside.determined never to go to another dance.
The next Saturday，Alcide (6) to Johnny's house for some potatoes.He happened to hear Johnny playing the accordion.Alcide's eyes(7) . "Bring that accordion and play some songs tonight，" Alcide said.then he drove off，leaving Johnny staring open-mouthed after him.
At the Club，Johnny scanned the crowd for Lisette and(8) her，and invited her for a dance.The band played for a long time before Alcide said， "Dear friends，I got a surprise for you tonight.Young Johnny is going to join us!"(9)， Johnny stepped up on the platform，his eyes on the floor.He began to play，and the band joined in behind him.When the song ended，he heard cheers.Johnny kept playing until the dance was over. "You did a fine job tonight.Play with us again next Saturday night，" Alcide said. "Yes，sir!" "said Johnny.As he went outside，Johnny saw Lisette and her friends near the door.Lisette stepped(10)， smiling. "You played really good tonight!" she said. "Thank you，" Johnny blushed.
1.  A. difficult B. troublesome C. different D. terrible
2.  A. answered B. sighed C. smiled D. laughed
3.  A. expected B. invited C. allowed D. chosen
4.  A. spirits B. feelings C. courage D. strength
5.  A. Shouts B. Laughter C. Applause D. Cheers
6.  A. ran B. walked C. drove D. cycled
7.  A. opened B. rolled C. sharpened D. widened
8.  A. caught B. searched C. sought D. spotted
9.  A. Struggling B. Trembling C. Wandering D. Whispering
10.  A. backward B. upward C. forward D. downward
A

Sixteen years ago，Jason was a college professor (1) a huge six-bedroom house and a fortune of two million dollars.A few years ago.he knew millions of people died of hunger every year，and there were places with no schools and no teachers.This worried him a lot and he felt guilty being a rich man without (2) （ do）anything.Therefore，he gave away all his money to charities. "Success (3) （not measure）by how much money you have (4) by how you understand the true meaning of life." said Jason.
B

Naomi Wats.one of Hollywood's greatest (5) （star），was born in England on28th September.1968.At seven she (6) （begin）to follow her mother and her brother around England until in 1982 they settled in Australia (7) Naomi persuaded her mother to let her take acting classes.After bit parts in commercials，she landed her first role in For Love Alone.Later her part in the film Mulholland Drive showed her strong acting ability.and earned much respect.
C

Your personality shapes you.Personality is the characteristic patterns of thoughts，feelings and behaviors that make a person unique.Understanding personality allows us (8) （predict）how people will respond to certain situations and what they prefer and value.For example，an outgoing person may jump for joy when facing new experiences， (9) a shy person may feel (10) （embarrass）in front of a large group of people.

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
C
Looking for a good book？We have the world's largest collection of expert book recommendations.The following are books that have been recommended over and over again，suggesting they are some of the most important books ever written.
Atomic Habits by James Clear
Atomic Habits，published in 2018，will reshape the way you think about progress and success，and give you the tools and strategies you need to transform your habits.If you're having trouble changing your habits，the problem is your system.Bad habits repeat themselves again and again because you have the wrong system for change.James Clear will help you get a proven system that can take you to new heights.
The Looming Tower by Lawrence Wright
The Looming Tower by Lawrence Wright was published in 2014.The book is the most detailed and thrilling account of the events that led to the destruction of the Twin Towers，based on five years of research and hundreds of interviews.
Ammonite by Nicola Griffith
Ammonite，Griffith's first science fiction，which was published in 1992，won the Lambda Award and the James Tiptree Jr Award.It tells us a thrilling story：A human expedition to the planet Jeep is nearly wiped out by a virus that kills all the men and most of the women.Some centuries later，Marghe is sent to test a vaccine on the people there.As she lives and moves among them，Marghe finds herself changed in unexpected ways.
Walden by Henry David Thoreau
First published in 1854，Walden details Thoreau's experiences over the course of two years，two months，and two days in a cabin he built near Walden Pond，in woodland owned by his friend Ralph Waldo Emerson，near Concord，Massachusetts.The book compresses the time into a single calendar year and uses passages of four seasons to symbolize human development.
11. Who wrote the book about the disaster of the Twin Towers？ ______
A. James Clear. B. Lawrence Wright.
C. Nicola Griffith. D. Henry David Thoreau.
12. Which book is the best choice for the people who love science fictions？ ______
A. Atomic Habits. B. The Looming Tower.
C. Ammonite. D. Walden.
13. According to the passage，the four books are all ______ .
A. about thrilling stories B. recommended by experts
C. newly published books D. helpful in shaping your habits
D
I once met a young woman who had dreams of swimming for the U.S Olympic team.She had to get up every morning at 4 a.m.to swim for 3 hours before going to school.She did not party with her friends on Saturday night.She had to study and keep her grades up，just like everyone else.
When I asked her what her with such super-human ambition and sacrifice（牺牲），she simply said. "I do it for myself and the people I love.It's love that gets me over the hurdles and sacrifices."
A reason or a purpose is a combination of "wants" and "don't wants. "When people ask me what my reason for wanting to be rich is，it is a combination of deep emotional "wants" and "don't wants."
I will list a few.First the "don't wants." for they create the "wants." I don't want to work all my life.I don't want what my parents aspired for，which was job security and a big house.I don't like being an employee.I hated it that my dad always missed my football games because he was so busy working on his career.I hated it when my dad worked hard all his life and the government took most of what he worked for at his death.
Now the "wants".I want to be free to travel the world and live in the lifestyle I love.I want to be young when I do this.I want control over my time and my life.I want money to work for me.
Those are my deep-seated，emotional reasons.What are yours？If they are not strong enough，the reality of the road ahead may be greater than your reasons.I have lost money and been set back many times.but it was the deep emotional reasons that kept me standing up and going forward.I wanted to be free by age 40.but it took me until I was 47 with many learning experiences along the way.
I wish I could say it was easy.It wasn't，but it wasn't hard either.But without a strong reason or purpose anything in life is hard.
14. The passage is started by ______ .
A. giving an example B. explaining the causes
C. pointing out similarities D. describing the differences
15. The underlined word "compelled" in Para.2 probably means ______ .
A. committed B. inspired C. forced D. combined
16. We know from the passage that ______ .
A. the "wants" lead to the "don't wants"
B. the "wants" come from the "don't wants"
C. the "don't wants" have little to do with the "wants"
D. the "don't wants" are more important than the "wants"
17. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in Para.6？ ______
A. The reality is greater than the deep emotional reasons.
B. With stronger emotional reasons，life must be much easier.
C. With deeper emotional reasons，the road ahead is likely to be harder.
D. In reality，we may meet many more obstacles without deeper emotional reasons.
E
The Link between Fitness and Career SuccessIt's no mystery to successful people that there is direct link between sound health & fitness and success in their career and personal lives． Successful persons likely show up at the health club consistently， work with a personal trainer， or get up a few minutes early for a heart elevating jog． Successful people like to jump start their day with plenty of energy and the feel-good endorphins（内啡肽） that exercise offers． Recent studies prove the direct link between fitness and success．
Better ability to focus， improved confidence and enhanced ability to follow through were directly attributed to improved fitness levels according to a 2007 University of Georgia study．
Further， a leading manager search company surveyed more than 1，300 managers． When asked to describe their viewpoints of weight and work， 75% said good physical fitness is "critical for career success at the manager level．" 17%， by contrast， said staying in shape is "a nice goal， but secondary to good fitness．"
The CEO of that manager search firm said， "Good physical fitness is critical to success as a manager in today's work world．'' When asked about obesity， 75% of managers said that being overweight is a "serious career impediment（妨碍）"． Do these responses reflect our obsession with weight loss and mirror the constant reports of skinny images in popular culture？ Probably not． Rather， there is a very strong link between improved fitness and increased productivity， enhanced ability to solve problems， superior energy， not to mention reduced stress and tiredness， all leading to better job performance． It goes well beyond looking good． Fit people tend to have better eating habits and miss fewer days at work due to a higher resistance to illness． And with competition continually increasing in every industry， companies are now rewarding employees and managers who miss less work and produce more．
A study by Jim McKenna， a British researcher， showed that after exercising participants returned to work more tolerant of themselves and more forgiving of their colleagues． The study concluded that "work performance was consistently higher， time management skills improved， as did mental sharpness"．
All it takes is investing 3-4 sessions a week， 30-45minutes each， to experience these benefits． Combine strength training and cardiovascular（心血管的） exercise， along with sound nutrition to speed up your mental sharpness， enhance your productivity， improve your mood and better manage stress． As your fitness level increases， likely your position on the ladder of success will too!
18. Successful people are likely to ______ ．
A. have higher resistance to illness
B. get more energy and endorphins
C. lose weight more easily
D. care more about their fitness
19. What does the underlined word "obsession" in Paragraph 4 mean？ ______
A. craze． B. training． C. goal． D. imagination．
20. According to the study by the manager search company， ______ ．
A. there is a direct link between fitness and success
B. good physical fitness is critical for career success
C. mental sharpness， productivity and mood can be improved
D. people tend to be more tolerant and forgiving after exercising
F
    Success and Risk in Extreme Sports What is it that drives some to take extreme risks, while the rest of us hurry for the safety of the sidelines?
    Lester Keller, sports—psychology expert, says that not everyone has the mental makeup to do well in extreme sports. He notes that most of us hit a natural ceiling that limits our appetite for extreme risk in tricky conditions. But others have a much higher tolerance for risk. Keller points to a top ski racer. He told Keller that "the high element of risk makes you feel alive, tests what you are made of and how far you can take yourself". He said he would get nervous on some of the courses, but that this would just make him fight more.
    Psychologists note that some people seem to have a strong desire for adrenaline (肾上腺素) rushes as a behavior seeking excited feelings. Like many extreme athletes, Emily Cook's appetite for risk appeared at a young age. "I was a gymnast," she said. "I was one of those kids who enjoyed and did well at anything where you were upside down." As she started doing harder tricks, she was drawn to the challenge. "There are moments when you're up there doing a new trick and it seems like an impossible thing. But overcoming that is just the coolest feeling in the world."
    Shane Murphy, sports professor, has worked with groups climbing Everest. "To me, that just seems like the height of risk," he said. "But to them it was the next step in an activity that they've prepared for years." Murphy said the view of extreme athletes is different from our own. "We look at a risky situation and know that if we were in that situation we would be out of control. But from the athletes' view, they have a lot of control, and there are many things that they do to minimize risk."
    Another aspect of risk perception (认知) may be something referred to as "the flow", a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that focus the mind completely on the present. "Something that makes you try doing a tougher climb than usual, perhaps, is that your adrenaline flows and you become very concentrated on what you're doing," Murphy says. "After it's over, there's great excitement."
    People of different skill levels experience the flow at different times. Some may always be driven to adventures that others consider extreme. "I can enjoy hitting a tennis ball around, because that's my skill level," Murphy says. "But others might need the challenge of Olympic competition."
21. By using the term "natural ceiling" in Paragraph 2, Lester Keller points out that ______.
A. extreme athletes must learn special skills
B. extreme athletes have chances to take risks
C. many people don't want to do extreme sports
D. many people can't limit desire for extreme sports
22. What does Shane Murphy think about the mountain climbers he mentions?
A. They put in lots of preparation for challenges.
B. They are more fortunate than other sportspeople.
C. They carry little risk when facing big challenges.
D. They have special reasons that others can't easily understand.
23. What main point is made in Paragraph 5?
A. Extreme athletes use techniques other people don't use.
B. Non-athletes are probably wise not to try extreme sports.
C. Most people lack the focus required to take bigger risks.
D. A certain state of mind makes attempting an activity more likely.
24. We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. risk-taking is something you either naturally do or avoid
B. those who take risks are more likely to be successful in life
C. extreme athletes are driven by a need to be better than others
D. taking part in extreme sports is not as difficult as people think
How to Automate New Habits So That You'll Keep to Them

Anyone who's tried to add something new to their routine knows one thing：Building new habits isn't easy． (1) ．
The good news：There's a solution，and it's called automation． (2) ．For example：If you want to save more but it seems difficult to achieve，try transferring five dollars to your savings account each time you buy lunch during the week．If you want to do more sports but aren't motivated to go to the gym every day，try doing 5 pushups after each time you use the restroom．
That sounds easy． (3) ．"Automation works well in developing new behavior patterns because it involves the use of positive reinforcement（强化），which is one of the most powerful tools for behavior change，" Kahina Louis，a psychologist，tells Shine．
"As you're engaging in gradual steps toward your goals，you may quickly start to experience feelings of accomplishment and pride that you're making the changes you wanted to make，" she says． "Those positive feelings are forms of reinforcement，and you are more likely to continue doing things that reinforce you．"
Along with its positive reinforcement，automation emphasizes the impact of small changes in making a big difference．Though we all love the major successes，the small changes along the way are what get us there in the first step． (4) ． "As you show yourself each small change you've made，you're giving yourself the message that you are capable of accomplishment，" Louis says． "That feeling and self-belief are extremely helpful to have as you continue toward creating new behavior change．"
(5) ．Take a look at what things you keep doing throughout the day or course of the week to decide when to add new automation．Louis says， "For example：If you know that you're always extremely tired after work，then you might consider picking an auto habit that occurs in your morning routine rather than in the evening．"
Louis also explains that although you should pick a behavior that occurs frequently enough to maximize the opportunities to build towards your goal，try not to choose an already existing behavior that occurs too often-like checking your phone or drinking of water． "You might not even realize you're doing it，and may then miss a lot of chances to perform the new habit，" she says．

A．Find your auto habits．
B．It takes time and insistence．
C．But it turns out to be efficient while trying．
D．Consider auto habits that occur at times or places．
E．It's the small steps that fuel your motivation and self-belief．
F．It is when you add what you'd like to be your new habit onto an existing habit．
G．Building a new habit requires strong mind to help the process go along smoothly．

25.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
26.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
27.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
28.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
29.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
30. In 1983，Howard Gardner,a professor at Harvard,published Frames of Mind：The Theory of Multiple Intelligences.In the book,he presented one type of intelligence that everyone must develop if they want to be successful.That is emotional intelligence.
Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and regulate your own emotions.It means having a deep understanding of yourself,knowing your own strengths and weaknesses,and handling reactions and emotions wisely.Emotional intelligence is critical for success in almost any field and it is especially important for high-stress environments,for example,when times are tough and when a person wants to quit or is fearful.
We all know highly emotional people.Rather than react wisely,they tend to let their emotions run their lives,often saying or doing something they may later regret.I've seen many people do this on social media,getting in arguments with loved ones over trivial stuff because they have different opinions.This inability to master the self leads to many struggles and heartaches for people.
Emotional intelligence does not mean being void（没有）of emotions.It means you know it is okay to be angry,just not out-of-control angry.You know it's okay to feel hurt,but it is not okay to do something stupid in the name of revenge（报复）.Many of us know people who are very intelligent,but allow their emotions to damage their lives.
Now,reflect on how you manage your emotions.Are you smart in the way you express what you're feeling,especially when the pressure is on？
(1) According to the passage,what is "emotional intelligence"？ ______
(2) How do highly emotional people deal with their emotions？ ______
(3) Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why.
It's important to keep your emotions under control,so when you get hurt,you should neither get angry nor do stupid things for revenge. ______
(4) In your daily life,what can you do to better manage your emotions？ ______
31. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim最近在读关于成功的书籍，在给你的邮件中提到想要了解你心目中的成功人士。想请你介绍一位你所钦佩的成功人物。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
1.该人物是谁；
2.他/她成功的秘诀是什么；
3.该人物的事迹和主要贡献；
4.该人物对你的影响。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
      
Yours，
Li Hua
答案和解析

1~10.【答案】C、B、A、C、B、C、D、D、B、C
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.difficult困难的；B.troublesome惹麻烦的；C.different不同的；D.terrible可怕的。根据下句Try a turn with that pretty Lisette可知试着和那个漂亮的莉莎特转一转。说明经过尝试后，今晚将会有所不同。故答案为C。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.answered回答；B.sighed叹气；C.smiled微笑；D.laughed大笑。根据前文"It's no use，Mum." said Johnny. "I'm just no good at dancing."
可知"没用的，妈妈。"约翰尼说。"我只是不擅长跳舞。"说明面对着母亲的鼓励，我也只能叹气了，说明不自信。故答案为B。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.expected期盼；B.invited邀请；C.allowed允许；D.chosen选择。根据上句Now that Johnny was older可知现在约翰尼长大了，他应该和一个女孩跳舞。说明父母期盼他能和女孩一起跳舞。故答案为A。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.spirits精神；B.feelings感觉；C.courage勇气；D.strength力量。当约翰尼和他的父母到达俱乐部时，音乐已经开始了。约翰尼鼓起勇气走近莉塞特。get up the courage to do sth鼓起勇气做某事。故答案为C。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.Shouts喊叫；B.Laughter笑声；C.Applause掌声；D.Cheers欢呼。根据下句Johnny broke away and ran outside.determined never to go to another dance.可知约翰尼挣脱开跑到外面。他决心再也不去参加舞会了。说明他被别人嘲笑了。故答案为B。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.ran跑；B.walked散步；C.drove开车；D.cycled骑自行车。根据后文Alcide said.then he drove off，leaving Johnny staring open-mouthed after him.可知埃尔希德说。然后他开车走了，留下约翰尼张大嘴盯着他。说明他是开车来的。故答案为C。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.opened打开；B.rolled滚动；C.sharpened磨尖；D.widened加宽。根据下句"Bring that accordion and play some songs tonight，" Alcide said可知"今晚带上那架手风琴，弹几首歌，"埃尔希德说。说明他感觉非常惊讶，因此眼睛睁大了。故答案为D。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.caught抓住；B.searched寻找；C.sought寻求；D.spotted发现。根据上句At the Club，Johnny scanned the crowd for Lisette可知在俱乐部，约翰尼扫视人群寻找莉塞特，发现了她。故答案为D。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.Struggling奋斗；B.Trembling打颤；C.Wandering徘徊；D.Whispering低声说。根据下句his eyes on the floor可知约翰尼颤抖着走上讲台，眼睛看着地板。故答案为B。
（10）考查副词及语境理解。A.backward向后；B.upward向上；C.forward向前；D.downward向下。根据下句"You played really good tonight!" she said. "Thank you，" Johnny blushed.可知莉莎特微笑着走上前。"你今晚打得真好！"她说。"谢谢你，"约翰尼脸红了。故答案为C。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了约翰尼利用自己的手风琴技巧吸引了莉塞特的注意。
完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。

11.【答案】【小题1】with
【小题2】doing
【小题3】is not measured
【小题4】but
【小题5】stars
【小题6】began
【小题7】where
【小题8】to predict
【小题9】while
【小题10】embarrassed
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：16年前，杰森是一名大学教授，拥有一栋有6个卧室的大房子和200万美元的财产。表示"有"，不作谓语，后跟名词，所以用介词with。故填with。
（2）考查动名词。句意：这使他很担心，他感到内疚，身为富人却什么都不做。作介词的宾语，所以用动名词。故填doing。
（3）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：衡量成功的标准不是你有多少钱，而是你如何理解生活的真谛。描述事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语和measure之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为不可数名词。故填is not measured。
（4）考查连词。句意：衡量成功的标准不是你有多少钱，而是你如何理解生活的真谛。not...but"不是……而是"，为固定搭配。故填but。
（5）考查可数名词的复数。句意：娜奥米•沃茨，好莱坞最伟大的明星之一，1968年9月28日出生于英国。one of+可数名词复数形式，意为"……之一"，用名词star的复数形式。故填stars。
（6）考查动词时态。句意：七岁时，娜奥米开始跟随母亲和哥哥走遍英国，直到1982年他们在澳大利亚定居，娜奥米说服母亲让她上表演课。根据"at seven"和"in 1982"可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填began。
（7）考查定语从句。句意：七岁时，娜奥米开始跟随母亲和哥哥走遍英国，直到1982年他们在澳大利亚定居，娜奥米说服母亲让她上表演课。先行词为地点名词，在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
（8）考查动词不定式和固定短语。句意：了解个性可以让我们预测人们对特定情况的反应，以及他们喜欢什么和重视什么。allow sb.to do sth.是固定短语，意为"允许某人做某事"，因此空格处是不定式to predict。故填to predict。
（9）考查连词。句意：例如，一个外向的人在面对新的体验时可能会高兴地跳起来，而一个害羞的人在一大群人面前可能会感到尴尬。表示对比，意思是"而"，所以用连词while。故填while。
（10）考查形容词。句意：例如，一个外向的人在面对新的体验时可能会高兴地跳起来，而一个害羞的人在一大群人面前可能会感到尴尬。feel后跟形容词作表语，修饰person用ed形容词，即embarrassed，意为"感到尴尬的"，故填embarrassed。
本文是三个片段：A 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了大学教授杰森把所有的钱都捐给了慈善机构的故事。B 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了好莱坞影星娜奥米•沃茨。C 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是什么是个性和了解个性的作用。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

12~14.【答案】B、C、B
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。由文章第三段" The book is the most detailed and thrilling account of the events that led to the destruction of the Twin Towers，based on five years of research and hundreds of interviews."（这本书是最详细且惊心动魄地描述那些导致双子塔毁灭的事件，以五年来的研究和成百上千的调查为基础。）可知，The Looming Tower by Lawrence Wright这本书描述的是Twin Towers。故选B项。
（2）C.细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段"Ammonite，Griffith's first science fiction，which was published in 1992，won the Lambda Award and the James Tiptree Jr Award."（Ammonite是Griffith的第一本科幻小说，出版于1992年，而且获得 Lambda奖和James Tiptree Jr 奖。）可知，Ammonite是一本科幻小说。故选C项。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据文章第一段"We have the world's largest collection of expert book recommendations.The following are books that have been recommended over and over again，"（我们拥有世界上最大专家对书的推荐的收集数据，下面是一些不断被推荐的书籍。）可知，文章推荐的书籍都是专家们多次推荐的。故选B项。
这是一篇应用文。作者收集大量专家对书推荐的数据，然后向读者推荐一些有史以来最重要的书。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

15~18.【答案】A、C、D、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段I once met a young woman who had dreams of swimming for the U.S Olympic team.She had to get up every morning at 4 a.m.to swim for 3 hours before going to school.She did not party with her friends on Saturday night.She had to study and keep her grades up，just like everyone else.（我曾经遇到过一个梦想加入美国奥运游泳队的年轻女子。她不得不每天早上4点起床，在去学校之前游3个小时的泳。星期六晚上她没有和朋友一起聚会。她必须学习，保持好成绩，就像其他人一样。）可知文章通过举例一位游泳健将的经历告诉我们可以通过自己的努力成功。说明这篇文章以举一个例子开始的。故选A。
（2）猜测词义题。根据文章第二段I do it for myself and the people I love.It's love that gets me over the hurdles and sacrifices（我这样做是为了我自己和我爱的人。是爱让我跨越了障碍和牺牲）说明是有一定的东西让他强迫做出牺牲。因此compelled的意思是"强迫"。A.committed奉献；B.inspired鼓舞；C.forced强迫；D.combined结合。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第四段First the "don't wants." for they create the "wants." I don't want to work all my life.I don't want what my parents aspired for，which was job security and a big house.I don't like being an employee.I hated it that my dad always missed my football games because he was so busy working on his career.I hated it when my dad worked hard all his life and the government took most of what he worked for at his death.（首先是"不想要"因为他们创造了"需求"我不想工作一辈子。我不想要我父母渴望的东西，那就是稳定的工作和一栋大房子。我不喜欢当雇员。我讨厌我爸爸总是错过我的足球比赛，因为他忙于他的事业。我讨厌我爸爸一生努力工作，而政府在他去世时拿走了他工作的大部分。）可知"不想要"比"想要"更重要。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章第六段 Those are my deep-seated，emotional reasons.What are yours？If they are not strong enough，the reality of the road ahead may be greater than your reasons.I have lost money and been set back many times.but it was the deep emotional reasons that kept me standing up and going forward.I wanted to be free by age 40.but it took me until I was 47 with many learning experiences along the way.（这些是我根深蒂固的情感原因。你的呢？如果他们不够强大，前方道路的现实可能大于你的理由。我曾经损失过金钱，也曾多次受挫。但正是这种深刻的情感原因让我站了起来，继续前进。我想在40岁的时候获得自由，但是我直到47岁才获得自由，在这过程中我有了很多学习经验。）可知现实中，如果没有更深层次的情感原因，我们可能会遇到更多的障碍。故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了更多的经历和经验可以让我们明白很多的道理。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

19~21.【答案】D、A、C
【解析】36．D．细节理解题．根据Successful persons likely show up at the health club consistently，work with a personal trainer，or get up a few minutes early for a heart elevating（增进的） jog．可知，成功的人更可能去关注他们的身体健康．故选D．
37．A．词义猜测题．根据Do these responses reflect our  obsession with weight loss and mirror the constant reports of skinny（极瘦的） images in popular culture？可知，这些回应反映了流行文化中减肥的狂热，折射了对苗条追求的不断报道么？故此处obsession意为狂热．故选A．
38．C．细节理解题．根据Combine strength training and cardiovascular（心血管的） exercise，along with sound nutrition to speed up your mental sharpness，enhance your productivity，improve your mood and better manage stress．可知，精神敏锐，可以提高工作效率和情绪．故选C．
本文是一篇社会文化类阅读，属于说明文，成功的人更可能去关注他们的身体健康，最近的研究表明了身材健康与成功的联系．本文以此展开，主要讲述了有关身材健康与成功的关系．
考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

22~25.【答案】C、A、D、A
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极限运动的成功与风险。
1. 根据文章第二段第二句He notes that most of us hit a natural ceiling that limits our appetite for extreme risk in tricky conditions.（他指出，我们中的大多数人达到了一个自然的上限，这个（自然上限）限制了我们在复杂条件下对极端风险的欲望。）可知，这里含有一个定语从句，先行词为a natural ceiling，定语从句对a natural ceiling进行修饰，“限制了我们在复杂条件下对极端风险的欲望”说明许多人不想做极限运动。故选C。
2. 根据第四段中的groups climbing Everest（攀登珠穆朗玛峰的团体）和第二句"To me, that just seems like the height of risk," he said. "But to them it was the next step in an activity that they've prepared for years." Murphy said the view of extreme athletes is different from our own.（“在我看来，这似乎是风险的高度，”他说。“但对他们来说，这是他们准备多年的一项活动的下一步。”墨菲说，人们对极限运动员的看法与我们不同。）可知，登山者为挑战做了大量的准备。故选A。

3. 根据第五段第一句Another aspect of risk perception (认知) may be something referred to as "the flow", a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that focus the mind completely on the present.（风险认知的另一个方面可能是被称之为“心流”的东西，在这种状态下，许多运动员全神贯注于将精力完全集中在当下的行为。）以及后面的进一步解释可知，本段要点就是“the flow”这种特定的精神状态会使你更有可能去尝试一项活动。故选D。

4. 根据最后一段中的People of different skill levels experience the flow at different times. Some may always be driven to adventures that others consider extreme. （不同技能水平的人在不同的时间体验这种流动。一些人可能总是被驱使去冒险，而另一些人则认为是极端的。）以及后文所举的事例可知，不同的技能水平的人有自己不同的选择，所以冒险是你可以选择做或选择避免的事情。故选A。

26~30.【答案】B、F、C、E、A
【解析】（1）-（5）BFCEA
（1）B．文章衔接题．根据上文Anyone who's tried to add something new to their routine knows one thing：Building new habits isn't easy．可知任何试图在日常生活中增加一些新东西人都知道一件事：养成新习惯并不容易．由此可知，本句承接上文说明为什么养成新的习惯不容易，这是因为养成新的习惯需要时间和坚持．上文中Building new habits对应到B选项中的It．故B选项：It takes time and insistence．"这需要时间和坚持"符合上下文语境，故选B．
（2）F．联系下文题．根据后文For example：If you want to save more but it seems difficult to achieve，try transferring five dollars to your savings account each time you buy lunch during the week．If you want to do more sports but aren't motivated to go to the gym every day，try doing 5 pushups after each time you use the restroom．可知例如：如果你想存更多的钱，但似乎很难做到，那就试着每周每次买午餐时把5美元转到你的储蓄账户上．如果你想做更多的运动，但又不想每天都去健身房，那就试试每次上完厕所后做5个俯卧撑吧．由此可知，自动化的意思是在你原有的习惯上增加新的习惯．故F选项：It is when you add what you'd like to be your new habit onto an existing habit．"它是你把你想要的新习惯添加到已有的习惯上"符合上下文语境，故选F．
（3）C．理解判断题．根据后文"Automation works well in developing new behavior patterns because it involves the use of positive reinforcement，which is one of the most powerful tools for behavior change，" Kahina Louis，a psychologist，tells Shine．可知心理学家Kahina Louis告诉Shine网站："自动化在开发新的行为模式方面效果很好，因为它涉及到积极强化的使用，这是改变行为最有力的工具之一．"由此可知，自动化是有效的改变行为的工具之一．故C选项：But it turns out to be efficient while trying．"但它在尝试的过程中是有效的"符合上下文语境，故选C．
（4）E．语境辨析题．根据后文"As you show yourself each small change you've made，you're giving yourself the message that you are capable of accomplishment，" Louis says．可知Louis说："当你向自己展示你所做每一个小改变时，你给了自己一个信息：你有能力完成这些改变．"由此可知，这些小的步骤会激发你的自信，让你相信自己有能力完成这些改变．故E选项：It's the small steps that fuel your motivation and self-belief．"这些小步骤会激发你的动力和自信"符合上下文语境，故选E．
（5）A．逻辑推理题．根据后文Take a look at what things you keep doing throughout the day or course of the week to decide when to add new automation．Louis says， "For example：If you know that you're always extremely tired after work，then you might consider picking an auto habit that occurs in your morning routine rather than in the evening．"可知看看你每天或每周都在做些什么来决定什么时候添加新的自动化．Louis说："例如如果你知道你下班后总是特别累，那么你可以考虑选择一个在早上而不是晚上养成的开车习惯．"由此可知本段是在建议要找到自己的自动习惯．故A选项：Find your auto habits．"找到你自动习惯"符合上下文语境，故选A．
这是一篇说明文．文章主要介绍了一种名为"自动化"的行为模式，可以有助于人们养成新的好习惯．自动化强调了小的变化对产生大的不同的影响．心理学家Kahina Louis也提出了自己对此的看法．
七选五题型考查学生把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系和把握微观信息间关联性这种题一般可从以下方面来做：
（1）看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构，分析篇章结构，了解文章大意．首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义．
（2）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格．七选五空出的是整个句子，可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案．
（3）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语．实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破．通过阅读选项，有可能根据选项中的关键词找出正确选项．
（4）注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词．考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力．
最后，用代入法，检查答案是否合理，将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确．

31.【答案】【小题1】Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and regulate your own emotions.
【小题2】Rather than react wisely,highly emotional people tend to let their emotions run their lives,often saying or doing something they may later regret.
【小题3】It's important to keep your emotions under control,so when you get hurt,you  shouldneither get angry nor do stupid things for revenge.It's important to keep your emotions under control,so when you get hurt,you  shouldneither get angry nor do stupid things for revenge.According to the passage,it's okay for you to feel angry,just not out-of-control angry.
【小题4】I manage my emotions in two ways.Firstly,I like writing down my bad feelings,which enables me to let go of them so that I can focus more on what makes me cheerful.Secondly,when conflict occurs,it helps to talk openly about my feelings and thoughts.I improve my emotional control from two aspects.When in conflict with others,I address it with a shoe-shifting view,which helps me better understand them and avoid highly emotional response.As for my negative feelings,I prefer to let them out in a healthy way,such as running or singing,which benefits me emotionally.
【解析】（1）Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and regulate your own emotions.细节理解题。根据第二段的"Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and regulate your own emotions.（情商指的是识别和调节自己情绪的能力。）"可知，情商指的是识别和调节自己情绪的能力，故答案为Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and regulate your own emotions.
（2）Rather than react wisely,highly emotional people tend to let their emotions run their lives,often saying or doing something they may later regret.细节理解题。根据第三段的"We all know highly emotional people.Rather than react wisely,they tend to let their emotions run their lives,often saying or doing something they may later regret.（我们都认识高度情绪化的人。他们没有做出明智的反应，而是倾向于让自己的情绪控制自己的生活，经常说或做一些事后可能会后悔的事情。）"可知，高度情绪化的人倾向于让他们的情绪控制他们的生活，经常说或做一些事后可能会后悔的事情，故答案为Rather than react wisely,highly emotional people tend to let their emotions run their lives,often saying or doing something they may later regret.
（3）It's important to keep your emotions under control,so when you get hurt,you  shouldneither get angry nor do stupid things for revenge.According to the passage,it's okay for you to feel angry,just not out-of-control angry.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的"It means you know it is okay to be angry,just not out-of-control angry.You know it's okay to feel hurt,but it is not okay to do something stupid in the name of revenge （报复）.（这意味着你知道生气是可以的，只是不要失控。你知道受伤是可以的，但以复仇的名义做傻事就不对了。）"可知，题干中说"should neither get angry（都不应该生气）"是不对的，故答案为It's important to keep your emotions under control,so when you get hurt,you  should neither get angry nor do stupid things for revenge.According to the passage,it's okay for you to feel angry,just not out-of-control angry.
（4）I manage my emotions in two ways.Firstly,I like writing down my bad feelings,which enables me to let go of them so that I can focus more on what makes me cheerful.Secondly,when conflict occurs,it helps to talk openly about my feelings and thoughts.I improve my emotional control from two aspects.When in conflict with others,I address it with a shoe-shifting view,which helps me better understand them and avoid highly emotional response.As for my negative feelings,I prefer to let them out in a healthy way,such as running or singing,which benefits me emotionally.推理判断题。根据客观事实，首先，我喜欢写下我的不好的感觉，这能让我放开它们，这样我就能更多地关注让我快乐的事情。其次，当冲突发生时，公开谈论我的感受和想法会有帮助。故答案为I manage my emotions in two ways.Firstly,I like writing down my bad feelings,which enables me to let go of them so that I can focus more on what makes me cheerful.Secondly,when conflict occurs,it helps to talk openly about my feelings and thoughts.
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是什么是情商，高情商和低情商的人分别有什么表现。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

32.【答案】Dear Jim，
   How are you getting along？I am writing to introduce to you one of successful people in my mind，Yuan Longping.（该人物是谁）
  Yuan Longping is a very famous agricultural scientist.The hybrid rice he cultivated has enabled many hungry people in the world to have enough food.（该人物的事迹和主要贡献）I respect him，not only because of his great achievement，but also because of his devotion to his career. 【高分句型一】When he was more than 80 years old，he still insisted on working.In addition，I admire his modest attitude.Though he had made so great achievement，he still looked on himself as a farmer and led a simple life. 【高分句型二】In a word，the key to his success is his devotion to his career and his modest attitude.（他成功的秘诀是什么）Though he died on May 22，2021，his hard working spirit is to encourage all of us to devote ourselves to serving the society. （该人物对自己的影响）
   Best wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一
I respect him，not only because of his great achievement，but also because of his devotion to his career.
翻译：我尊敬他，不仅因为他取得了巨大的成就，也因为他对事业的热爱。
分析：句子里，固定句式not only...but also表示"不但......而且"。
高分句型二
Though he had made so great achievement，he still looked on himself as a farmer and led a simple life.
翻译：尽管他取得了如此巨大的成就，但他仍然把自己看作一个农民，过着简单的生活。
分析：句子里，Though引导让步状语从句he had made so great achievement。
提纲类写作是近年高考英语书面表达的热点题型，命题人通常以提纲作文的形式考查书信、报道、通知、日记、发言稿、对某人或某物的介绍、欢迎词等。提纲作文的选材范围很广，内容简单易懂，且多是考生熟悉的话题。这类题型的主要特点是要点明确范围具体。但考生也容易受中文提纲的制约，将书面表达变成了翻译，造成语法结构和词汇上的单调，甚至写出结构不完整的句子。