(新高考)高考英语基础知识默写本选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 People of Achievement

Unit 1   People of Achievement

Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)

1．extract n．提取物；摘录 vt.提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出

2．substance n．物质；物品；事实根据

3．chart n．图表 vt.记录；制订计划

4．numerous adj.众多的；许多的

5．theory n．理论；学说

6．relativity n．相对论；相对性

7．patent n．专利；专利证书；获得专利 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的

8．institution n．社会公共机构；制度；习俗

9．moustache n．上唇的胡子；髭

10．device n．方法；技巧；装置；仪器

Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共11分)

1．objective n．目标；目的 adj.客观的

2．property n．性质；特征；财产

3．boil vt.& vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n．沸腾；沸点

4．liquid n．液体 adj.液体的；液态的

5．insist vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求

6．flee vi.& vt.(fled，fled)迅速离开；逃跑

7．circumstance n．[usually pl.]条件；环境；状况

8．infer vt.推断；推定

9．genius n．(pl.geniuses)天才；天资；天赋

10．extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的

11．remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的

Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分)

1．botanical adj.植物学的→botany n．植物学

2．evaluate vt.评价；评估→evaluation n．评价；评估

3．distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinction n．区别；差别

4．novelist n．小说家→novel n．(长篇)小说 adj.新颖的；珍奇的

5．politician n．政治家；从政者；政客→politics n．政治→political adj.政治的

6．gentle adj.温柔的；文静的→gently adv.温柔地；温和地

7．passion n．酷爱；激情→passionate adj.有激情的

8．professor n．教授→profession n．职业，行业→professional adj.职业的 n．专业人士

Ⅳ.增加词汇(每小题1分，共5分)

1．feature n．特征；特色

2．fiction n．小说；虚构的事

3．finance n．财政；金融

4．flashlight n．手电筒

5．fortnight n．十四日，两星期

Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共12分)

1．commit oneself to (sth./doing sth./do sth.)承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)

2．insist on坚决要求

3．come to power(开始)掌权；上台

4．take up a position担任；任职

5．sum up总结；概括

6．graduate from 毕业于

Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题2分，共20分)

1．My favorite hobby is reading books and newspapers，which has become a vital part of my daily routine.

2．Though all his friends blamed him，he insisted that he had done nothing wrong.

3．It is important to assess the reliability of the data before you draw a conclusion.

4．We should develop students’ ability to analyz(s)e and solve problems.

5．I have to acknowledge your generous assistance whenever I am in trouble.

6．If you don’t insist on what you are doing，under no circumstances will you obtain what you desire.

7．While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequences(后果)under stress，their responses to risk turn out to be different.

8．I hold the strong belief that I won’t be defeated(打败) in the contest.

9．Founded(创建) in 1898，Peking University enjoys a good reputation worldwide.

10．It was by chance that I encountered(遇到) my former classmate on the street the other day.

Ⅱ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共16分)

1．Committed to education，he committed every minute to studying and teaching，so his commitment finally paid off.(commit)

2．I desire to be a professor by profession in the future and I will possess lots of professional knowledge.(professor)

3．The scientist has made many scientific achievements in science.(science)

4．Through my great efforts，I obtained academic qualifications at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.(academy)

5．As you know，politics is my main major at university，and as a consequence，I memorize many political parties and politicians.(politics)

6．The two modern novelists create at least five novels every year.(novel)

7．My classmate is passionate about everything，so he studies everything with great passion.(passion)

8．My gentle mother gently stroked my head，comforting me.(gentle)

Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2.5分，共10分)

1．放学后，兴奋的孩子们冲出教室，骑上自行车，向附近的公园骑去。(读后续写之动作链描写)(过去分词作前置定语)

After school，excited children rushed out of the classroom，got on their bikes and cycled to the nearby park.

2．在赛跑中获得一等奖后，他又唱又跳地回家了。(After doing...)

After winning the first prize in the running race，he headed for his home，singing and dancing.

3．一听到这个消息，他难以抑制心中的兴奋，高兴地跳了起来。(读后续写之兴奋的心理描写)(Upon doing...)

Upon hearing the news，he was unable to control his excitement and jumped with joy.

4．上周末在农场摘水果的时候，我们沐浴在春日的温暖的阳光中。(While doing...)

(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)

While picking fruits on the farm last weekend，we were bathed in the spring warm sunshine.