(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义第1部分 教材知识解读 必修第三册 Unit 5 The Value of Money (含答案)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义第1部分 教材知识解读 必修第三册 Unit 5 The Value of Money (含答案)，共10页。
Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．narrator n．(书、戏剧或电影中的)叙述者；讲述者；(电视节目中的)幕后解说员2．narration n．叙述；讲述；解说3．consulate n．领事馆4．obligation n．义务；职责；责任5．sequence vt.按顺序排列 n．顺序；一系列6．frown n．& vi.皱眉7．upper-class adj.上流社会的；上等阶层的8．the upper class上流社会；上等阶层Ⅱ.记重点单词1．loan n．贷款；借款2．plastic n．塑料 adj.塑料制的；塑料的3．scene n．(戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面4．bet n．打赌；赌注(bet，bet) vi.& vt.下赌注；用……打赌 vt.敢说5．spot vt.看见；注意到；发现 n．地点；处所；斑点；污迹6．dare vi.& modal v．胆敢；敢于7．sort n．种类；类别8．beneath adv.& prep.在(或往)……下面；在……的表面之下9．postpone vt.延迟；延期；延缓10．odd adj.奇怪的；怪异的；反常的11．nowhere adv.无处；哪里都不12．extent n．程度；限度；大小；范围13．opera n．歌剧14．dinosaur n．恐龙15．hug vt.& vi.拥抱；抱紧16．duty n．责任；义务；职责；值班17．eventually adv.最后；终于18．tailor n．(男装)裁缝 vt.专门制作；定做19．clerk n．职员；文书；店员20．manner n．举止；行为方式；方法；[pl.]礼貌；礼仪21．downstairs adv.顺楼梯而下；在楼下；往楼下22．stair n．楼梯；梯级23．aside adv.到旁边；在旁边；留；存24．indeed adv.其实；实际上；当然；确实25．element n．要素；基本部分26．plot n．故事情节；布局；阴谋27．ambassador n．大使；使节；代表28．upper adj.上面的；上层的；靠上部的29．maintain vt.维持；保持；维修；保养30．saying n．谚语；格言；警句31．external adj.外部的；外面的；外来的Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．basis n．基础；根据；基点→base n．基础；根基；底座 v．以……为基础；根据→basic adj.基础的；基本的2．apologise (also apologize) vi.道歉；谢罪→apology n．道歉3．ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会→ignorance n．无知；愚昧→ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的4．judge vt.& vi.评价；评判；判断 n．法官；审判员；裁判员→judg(e)ment n．判断5．servant n．仆人；用人→serve v．服务→service n．服务6．sail vi.& vt.(船)航行；(人)乘船航行→sailing n．航行→sailor n．水手7．mining n．采矿；采矿业→mine n．煤矿→miner n．矿工8．patience n．耐心；忍耐力；毅力→patient adj.耐心的 n．病人→patiently adv.有耐心地→impatiently adv.没有耐心地9．indicate vt.& vi.表明；显示 vt.象征；暗示→indication n．表明，显示；迹象10．intention n．打算；计划；意图；目的→intend v．打算；计划11．musical n．音乐剧 adj.音乐的→music n．音乐→musician n．音乐家12．pursue vt.追求；致力于→pursuit n．追求；追逐13．hesitate vi.犹豫；迟疑；顾虑→hesitation n．犹豫；迟疑14．option n．可选择的事物；选择；选择权→optional adj.可选择的15．broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的；广泛的→broaden vt.(使)变宽；(使)扩大→broadly adv.宽广地；广泛地16．normal adj.典型的；正常的；一般的；精神正常的 n．常态；通常标准；一般水平→abnormal adj.不正常的；反常的17．willing adj.愿意；乐意→willingly adv.乐意地→unwilling adj.不愿意的；勉强的→willingness n．乐意；心甘情愿18．permission n．准许；许可；批准；许可证→permit vt.& vi.允许；准许；使有可能Ⅳ.背核心短语1．on the basis of在某事的基础上；根据某事2．take out a loan取得贷款3．in return作为回报；作为回应4．make a bet打个赌5．as a matter of fact事实上；其实；说真的6．by accident偶然地；意外地7．to be honest说实话；坦率地说8．ought to应该；应当9．be about to do sth.即将或正要(做某事)10．in case以防；以防万一11．to...extent到……程度；在……程度上12．on duty值班；值勤13．in a...manner以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子14．in that case既然那样；假使那样的话15．be willing to do sth.愿意或乐意做某事1．decline vt.& vi.婉拒；衰落；减弱2．deliberately adv.故意地3．delicate adj.微妙的；精美的，雅致的4．description n．描述，描写 5．destination n．目的地6．dignity n．尊严；高贵7．discount n．折扣 vt.认为……不重要；打折扣8．diploma n．毕业文凭；学位证书 1．Wang Zheng apologised to Chen because he couldn’t offer her more money.(because引导的原因状语从句)王铮向陈道歉，因为他不能给她更多的钱。2．Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen’s daughter after Chen told him about her situation.(after引导的时间状语从句)陈告诉他她的情况后，王为陈的女儿创建了一个筹资网站。3．If you don’t mind，may I ask you how much money you have? (how much引导的宾语从句)如果你不介意的话，能告诉我你有多少钱吗？4．Oh，I’d rather not pay you now.(would rather not do sth.)哦，我宁愿现在不付钱给你。5．I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this...(否定副词置于句首引起的部分倒装)我记得当时我还在想，我这一辈子都不可能摸到这样一张钞票……请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。As a matter of fact，I was running a factory producing sorts of plastic products.To be honest，I was a person full of 1.patience and obligation and I could treat my clerks in a polite manner.I would never 2.judge people by their external appearances and neither would I ignore others’ proposals.Once I made a mistake，I wouldn’t 3.permit myself to postpone 4.apologising.Aside from this，I wouldn’t hesitate to help my clerks in trouble and in return，they would work harder.On the basis of mutual trust，we pursued our goal together.All of these indicated that we indeed 5.maintained close relations.In my spare time，I liked watching musicals，operas and reading books about dinosaurs.One day，we went sailing with the intention of enjoying the fantastic scenes of the sea.We were about to reach the destination when our ship broke down by accident.Luckily，we 6.were spotted by a passing ship and after being rescued，we hugged each other tightly.In that case，we had no option but to turn to the consulate for help and the ambassador on duty welcomed us with a broad smile and was willing to help us.7.Eventually，we returned safely. 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 apologise vi.道歉；谢罪 (apology n．道歉)•apologise to sb.for sth.因为某事向某人道歉•make an apology to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉owe sb.an apology应向某人道歉 (1)I didn’t have the intention to ignore your tips，so I owe you an apology(apologise)．(2)非常抱歉本周六我不能教你制作中国结了。(应用文写作之道歉信)I have to make an apology/apologise to you for not being able to teach you to make Chinese knots this Saturday.(3)非常遗憾不能去机场接你了，我真希望你能接受我真诚的道歉。Much to my regret，I am unable to pick you up at the airport.And I do wish that you will accept my sincere apology.  spot vt.看见；注意到；发现 n．地点；处所；斑点；污迹•spot sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事be spotted with...满是……的斑点•on the spot当场；立即；在现场 (1)The policeman on duty caught a thief on the spot in my house，and in return，I bought a bunch of flowers for him.(2)Mac一发现那只凶恶的狼正在追他，就找出他的那罐防熊喷雾，并对着狼喷，试图把狼吓跑。The instant Mac spotted the fierce wolf chasing after him，he found out his can of bear spray and fired the spray at the wolf，trying to frighten the wolf away.(3)夜晚的天空繁星点点。(读后续写之环境描写)The night sky is spotted with stars. patience n．耐心；忍耐力；毅力 (patient adj.耐心的 n．病人 patiently adv.耐心地 impatiently不耐烦地)•have the patience to do sth.有耐心做某事with patience耐心地out of patience失去耐心；不耐烦•be patient with sb.对某人有耐心 (1)He is willing to explain the difficult language points to me patiently(patience)．(2)We seek people who are patient(patience) and caring，and who have experience and interest in working with older adults.(2021·3月天津)(3)我的英语老师不仅对我们有耐心，而且他也主动关心我们的精神健康。因此他是我最尊敬的人。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)Not only is my English teacher patient with us but also he is willing to pay attention to our mental health.So he is the person I respect most.(not only...but also...引导的倒装句)  hesitate v．犹豫；迟疑；顾虑 (hesitation n．犹豫；迟疑)•hesitate about/over (doing)...对(做)……犹豫hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事，不愿做某事•without hesitation毫不犹豫 (1) To be honest，I hesitated about/over the option between the two dresses.(2)无论你何时有麻烦，我都会毫不犹豫地帮助你。①Whenever you are in trouble，I will do you a favour without hesitation.(hesitation)②Whenever you are in trouble，I will not hesitate to do you a favour.(hesitate) manner n．举止；行为方式；方法；[pl.]礼貌；礼仪in a...manner用一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子It is good/bad manners to do sth.做某事是有/没有礼貌的。table manners餐桌礼仪 (1)当你拜访一位中国朋友的时候，带个礼物是有礼貌的，比如一束花。吃饭时，你也应该注意你的餐桌礼仪。(话题写作之中国礼仪)It’s good manners to bring a gift，such as a bunch of flowers，when you visit a Chinese friend.At dinner，you should also pay attention to your table manners.(2)我最尊敬的物理老师总是教我们如何用一种合乎逻辑的和科学的方式解决难题。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)The physics teacher I respect most is always teaching us how to solve difficult problems in a logical and scientific manner.    permit vt.& vi.允许；准许；使有可能 n．许可证；执照，通行证 (permission n．准许；许可；批准；许可证)•permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事permit (doing) sth.允许(做)某事•ask sb.for permission＝ask permission from sb.请求某人许可with/without (one’s) permission得到/未经(某人的)允许 (1)People need permission(permit) to be funny in social settings because there’s always a risk that comes with humor.(2020·江苏)(2)In that case the judges in court ought to permit you to take(take) out a loan from the bank.(3)The club’s rules don’t permit smoking(smoke) in case it can ruin the atmosphere in the club.(4)如果天气允许，比赛将于下午两点在我校体育馆举行，持续约三个小时。(2019·全国Ⅱ)Weather permitting/If weather permits，the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at 2 pm and last for roughly 3 hours. 　 Oh，I’d rather not pay you now.哦，我宁愿现在不付钱给你。•would rather (not) do sth.宁愿(不)做某事would rather (not) have done sth.宁愿(没)做过某事(对过去的虚拟)•宁愿做某事而不愿做某事•would rather sb.did sth.宁愿某人做某事(对现在或将来的虚拟)would rather sb.had done sth.宁愿某人做过某事(对过去的虚拟) (1)为了过低碳生活，我宁愿骑车而不愿开车上班。(话题写作之环境保护)To live a low-carbon life，I would rather ride a bike than drive a car to work/I would ride a bike rather than drive a car to work/I prefer to ride a bike rather than drive a car to work.(2)我们宁愿女儿和我们待在家里，但是这是她的选择。We would rather our daughter stayed at home with us，but it is her choice.(3)我宁愿昨天听从了你的建议。I would rather I had followed your advice yesterday.  　 I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this...我记得当时我还在想，我这一辈子都不可能摸到这样一张钞票……本句含有否定副词never位于句首所引起的部分倒装。•当含有否定意义的词或短语位于句首时，句子需用部分倒装语序，即：否定词＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语。•这样的词或短语有：全部否定意义副词：never/not/neither/nor/nowhere等。部分否定意义副词：hardly/scarcely/rarely/seldom/little等。“绝不”短语：at no time/by no means/in no case/in no way/on no condition/on no account等。 (1)在其他任何地方你都不会发现如此多样的文化。Nowhere else can/will you find such diverse cultures.(2)警察一收到紧急电话，他们就冲向了现场。(hardly...when...的倒装句)Hardly had the police received the emergency call when they rushed to the scene.(3)You will never be admitted to your ideal university if you are addicted to online games.→Never will you be admitted to your ideal university if you are addicted to online games.(变为倒装句)(4)I don’t write English correctly.I am not fluent in English.→Neither do I write English correctly nor am I fluent in English.(用neither...nor...引导的倒装句改写)(5)The twins would in no case give in to their failure in cooking the breakfast.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)→In no case would the twins give in to their failure in cooking the breakfast.(变为倒装句)提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．scene(1)The movie opens with a scene in a New York apartment.  C  (2)Doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident to carry out the rescue.  B  (3)The man photographed a wide range of street scenes.  D  (4)The car nearly hit the boy! What a dangerous scene it was！  A   2．manner(1)Normally people in the upper class have a polite and cool manner.  B  (2)Judging by my father’s words，he disapproves of my manner of living.  C  (3)It’s good manners to help those in need with patience.  A  3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)The plot to murder the president was uncovered.阴谋(2)Without a parking permit，you can’t park your car here.许可证(3)The most beautiful spot on the Yangtze River is the Three Gorges.地点；场所Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Judging(judge) by sufficient evidence，I could figure out what resulted in the accident.2．I provided inaccurate data for you and as a result，I must make an apology(apologise) to you.3．I determined to study harder in return for your regular guidance.4．What made me disappointed was that I spotted him playing(play) with his smartphone in class.5．My money is running out，so I have no choice but to postpone buying(buy) the advanced facilities.6．I have the intention to live(live) independently in the hope of developing my independent awareness.7．Because I lacked experience in making a speech，my teacher offered me some practical tips without hesitation(hesitate)．8．As is known to us all，it is bad manners(manner) to laugh at others in public.9．We don’t permit launching(launch) a campaign without the government’s permission(permit)．10．I desire to study English well，so I am willing to spend(spend) much time on it.Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练推荐信——推荐形象大使1．未能尽快回复你的上一封信，我必须向你道歉。(apologize to sb.for sth.)I must apologize to you for not replying to your last letter as soon as possible.2．我宁愿你任命李华为我们学校的形象大使。(would rather)I would rather you appointed Li Hua as the image ambassador of our school.3．首先，他总是对同学有耐心，并且耐心地回答他们的问题。(be patient with；patiently)Firstly，he is always patient with his classmates and answers their questions patiently.4．另外，无论何时他看见处在困境中的人，他都会毫不犹豫地帮助他们摆脱困境。(hesitate to do；spot)Furthermore，he won’t hesitate to help others out of difficulty whenever he spots those in trouble.5．最后，他有礼貌，而且满怀尊敬和善意地对待周围的人。(manner)Finally，he has good manners and treat those around him with respect and kindness.Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练教材续写语料1．情感描写odd adj.奇怪的；怪异的；反常的patience n．耐心；忍耐力；毅力→patient adj.耐心的 n．病人→patiently adv.有耐心地broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的；广泛的→broaden vt.(使)变宽；(使)扩大→broadly adv.宽广地；广泛地willing adj.愿意；乐意→willingly adv.乐意地→unwilling adj.不愿意的；勉强的→willingness n．乐意；心甘情愿2．动作描写spot vt.看见；注意到；发现 n．地点；处所；斑点；污迹hug vt.& vi.拥抱；抱紧maintain vt.维持；保持；维修；保养apologise (also apologize) vi.道歉；谢罪→apology n．道歉ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会→ignorance n．无知；愚昧→ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的judge vt.& vi.评价；评判；判断 n．法官；审判员；裁判员→judg(e)ment n．判断indicate vt.& vi.表明；显示 vt.象征；暗示pursue vt.追求；致力于hesitate vi.犹豫；迟疑；顾虑permit vt.& vi.允许；准许；使有可能续写语料运用请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。我的手机没电了，我只得向陌生人寻求帮助。我看见一位美丽的女士，满怀希望地向她走去。她故意不理我，大步从我身边走过，好像我是个怪物。接着，一位宽肩膀、看上去很不耐烦的男士似乎注意到了我，他穿着廉价的T恤和脏兮兮的牛仔裤。他毫不犹豫地拿出了手机，乐意帮我。他的眼睛里闪烁着善意。“非常感谢！因为我以貌取人，我必须向您道歉！”他只是咧嘴笑了笑。With my cellphone dead，I had to ask strangers for help.I spotted a beautiful woman，approaching her hopefully.She ignored me on purpose and strode past me as if I were an odd monster.Then an impatient-looking man with broad shoulders，wearing a cheap T-shirt and dirty jeans，seemed to notice me.He didn’t hesitate to take out his phone and was willing to help me.Dancing in his eyes was the kindness.“Thanks a lot.I must apologize to you for judging you from your external appearances.” He just grinned from ear to ear.