(新高考)高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第三册 Unit 3　高考题型组合练 (含详解)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第三册 Unit 3　高考题型组合练 (含详解)，共7页。
高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解AIn 2007，Bianca Valenti had an experience which nearly killed her.When she paddled out at Ocean Beach in San Francisco，she met a wave the length of a garage and as tall as a two-story house.“The second I went under water，I was just getting knocked and spun every which way.And then my feet touched the sand bottom there.I swam to the surface.At this point my lungs were burning painfully.I just thought to myself，‘If there’s one more wave after this，I’m going to die.’ Luckily there wasn’t another wave.” That was when Valenti knew she had the drive and skill to surf big waves.By 2014，Valenti surfed and won her first big waves contest at Nelscott Reef in Oregon.There，she met fellow professionals Paige Alms，Andrea Moller，and Keala Kennelly.“Two things got me fired up at that point，” she said.“I wanted to have the opportunity to win more events，but there weren’t more events for women.Also I noticed that just the sight of women surfing big waves was opening people’s minds...That’s really annoying.” Luckily，Valenti，Alms，Moller，and Kennelly became a dynamic foursome and decided to stick together，support each other，and then fight together.The four surfers formed Committee for Equity in Women’s Surfing(CEWS) to fight for entrance at Mavericks—a contest set in the surfing location of the same name，north of Half Moon Bay.Mavericks was invitation-only and was open to only men when CEWS was formed.Now，through the organization’s hard work with the State of California，women are awarded 12 spots to surf.When Valenti was young，there weren’t many women represented in surfing culture.“I think it’s important for young kids to have all kinds of role models.That way they know all the people who they see as superheroes are just normal people who have crazy dreams.And sometimes the dreams aren’t even that crazy.If you work hard and you stick together with your friends，you can do anything.You can move mountains.”语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bianca Valenti的冲浪生涯以及她为女性在这一领域能够获得平等的机会所做出的努力。 1．What inspired Valenti to surf big waves?A．Her gift in learning surfing skills.B．Her near-death experience in 2007.C．Her courage to challenge men surfers.D．Her ambition to be the best role model.答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据第二段，特别是其最后一句“That was when Valenti knew she had the drive and skill to surf big waves.”可知，Valenti在2007年被大浪击倒而险些溺亡的经历激励了她去冲巨浪。故选B。2．What does the underlined phrase “fired up” in Paragraph 3 mean?A．Angry.   B．Excited.C．Depressed.   D．Concerned.答案　A解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段倒数第二句“That’s really annoying.”可知，Valenti对这样的现状感到很愤怒；结合画线词所在句可推知，fired up应意为“愤怒的”，与angry意思相近。故选A。3．What do we know about Mavericks in Valenti’s time?A．It was named after the bay.B．All surfers were admitted to it freely.C．It opened 12 spots for women surfers.D．Surfers could only attend it by invitation.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Mavericks was invitation-only and was open to only men when CEWS was formed.”可知，只有受到邀请的人才能参加Mavericks。故选D。4．Which of the following phrases can best describe Valenti?A．Ambitious and courageous.B．Emotional and stubborn.C．Tough and impractical.D．Simple-minded but helpful.答案　A解析　推理判断题。通读全文可知，Valenti敢做大多数女性不敢做的事情，她认为伟大的人不过是坚持完成了自己的疯狂梦想的普通人。她不断冲浪、获奖，并力图改变这一领域缺乏女性参与的现状。由此可推知，她是一个有雄心壮志且勇敢的人。故选A。BHome to reefs，sharks and many exotic fish，the Coral Sea is a unique reserve of biodiversity off the northeastern coast of Australia.If a proposal by the Australian government goes ahead，the region will become the world’s largest marine protected area，with bans on fishing，mining and marine farming.The Coral Sea reserve will cover almost 990,000 square kilometers and stretch as far as 1,100 kilometers from the coast.Revealed by environment minister Tony Burke，the proposal will be the last in a series of proposed marine reserves around Australia’s coast.But the plan attracts criticism from scientists and conservation groups claiming the government hasn’t done enough in protecting the Coral Sea.They even point out only half of the Coral Sea reserve is proposed as a “no-take” area，in which all fishing would be banned.But the world’s largest existing marine reserve，established by the British government in the Indian Ocean，spans 554,000 km2 and is a no-take zone throughout.Some people argue more of the Coral Sea should receive this level of protection.The Australian government didn’t respond to the criticism.But Robin Beaman，a marine geologist，says the reserve does “broadly protect the range of habitats” in the sea.“I can testify to the huge effort that government agencies and other organizations have made to understand the ecological values of this vast area，” he says.Reserves proposed earlier for Australia’s southwestern coastal regions have also been criticized for not giving habitats adequate protection.Some scientists pointed out the proposals for the southwestern region had not been based on the “core science principles” of reserves—the protected regions were not representative of all the habitats in the region，they said.Critics say the southwestern reserve offers the greatest protection to the offshore areas where there is little threat to the environment，a controversy also leveled at the Coral Sea plan.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了由澳大利亚政府提出的珊瑚海保护区计划所引发的争论。 5．What do we learn from the passage about the Coral Sea?A．It is extremely rich in marine life.B．It is the biggest marine protected area.C．It remains largely undisturbed by humans.D．It is a unique reserve of endangered species.答案　A解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“Home to reefs，sharks and many exotic fish，the Coral Sea is a unique reserve of biodiversity off the northeastern coast of Australia.”可知，这里海洋生物非常丰富。故选A项。6．What does the Australian government plan to do according to Tony Burke?A．Make a new proposal to protect the Coral Sea.B．Revise its conservation plan owing to criticisms.C．Upgrade the established reserves to protect marine life.D．Complete the series of marine reserves around its coast.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Revealed by environment minister Tony Burke，the proposal will be the last in a series of proposed marine reserves around Australia’s coast.”可知，Tony Burke说这项计划将是一系列海洋保护区的最后一个。故选D项。7．What does marine geologist Robin Beaman say about the Coral Sea plan?A．It can compare with the British government’s effort in the Indian Ocean.B．It will result in the establishment of the world’s largest marine reserve.C．It will ensure the sustainability of the fishing industry around the coast.D．It is an enormous joint effort to protect the range of marine habitats.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，Robin Beaman认为政府和其他机构为了解这片广袤地区的生态价值付出了巨大努力。故选D项。8．What do critics think of the Coral Sea plan?A．It will affect Australia’s fishing industry.B．It will do more harm than good to the environment.C．It will protect regions that actually require little protection.D．It will win little support from environmental organizations.答案　C解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句可知，批评者认为珊瑚海计划保护的是一些几乎不需要保护的区域。故选C项。C(2022·重庆名校联盟联考)What if our city streets could act like forests and reduce pollution? Thanks to scientific innovation，roads treated with a new pavement technology can now eat smog and help keep cities cool.Since there is little room for forests in urban areas，where air pollution actually occurs，Pavement Technology Inc.(PTI)，together with researchers from Louisiana State University，came up with an asphalt spray(沥青喷雾) called A．R.A.-1 Ti.The spray’s exact composition hasn’t been revealed，but it is known to be based on titanium oxide(二氧化钛)，a component contained in many sunscreens on the market.When ultraviolet rays(紫外线) from the sun activate this chemical substance，light and heat are absorbed and moved apart.Through a chemical process，titanium oxide also breaks down poisonous substances in the air.“In good conditions，we can achieve a 60% reduction，” said Michael Durante，PTI’s vice president of finance and strategic planning.But the spray is not only meant to address overheating and to remove harmful gases produced by cars.It can also make aging asphalt stronger，preventing breaks generated by severe heat.These impressive characteristics have encouraged several cities in the US to try out the product.The success stories keep adding up.At Orlando International Airport，taxiway pavements that had been sprayed with the titanium dioxide-based composition have already managed to reduce nitrogen oxide(一氧化氮) rates by half.And in Charleston，the pavement treatment is being used in low-income neighborhoods that have many asphalt-coated roads.The company suggests that while heat shortens pavement life，their product’s components can extend it from five to ten years，which translates the pavements into sustainable roads.And although green spaces are still necessary and cannot be fully replaced due to their multiple environmental and health benefits，innovations like A．R.A.-1 Ti are extremely promising.We may expect to see the major benefits it can bring to public health，positively affecting the lives of billions living in urban areas worldwide.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。PTI公司与路易斯安那州立大学联合发明了一种名为A.R.A.-1 Ti 的沥青喷雾，这种新型路面喷雾可以帮助吸收、分散光和热，分解空气中的有害物质，像森林一样为城市降温、减少污染。 9．What is the function of the asphalt spray according to Paragraph 1?A．To effectively protect forests.B．To relieve traffic jams in city streets.C．To reduce urban heat and air pollution.D．To detect the weather and road conditions.答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thanks to scientific innovation，roads treated with a new pavement technology can now eat smog and help keep cities cool.”可知，新型路面喷雾有助于城市降温和改善空气污染。故选C项。10．What can we know about the asphalt spray according to Paragraph 2?A．It extends life of roads.B．It blocks out ultraviolet light.C．It is made from sunscreens’ components.D．It may absorb harmful substances in the air.答案　A解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，路面喷雾还可以使老化的沥青变得更坚固，防止高温造成的路面开裂，即延长了道路的使用寿命。故选A项。11．What are examples in Paragraph 3 mentioned for?A．To stress the importance of the invention.B．To prove the successful application of the spray.C．To emphasise the necessity of the road treatment.D．To show the increasing popularity of the product.答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“These impressive characteristics have encouraged several cities in the US to try out the product.The success stories keep adding up.”可知后面的两个例子是为了证明该喷雾的成功应用。故选B项。12．Which could be the best title for the text?A．A Major Reform in Urban ConstructionB．Green Spaces：The Access to Public HealthC．The Bright Prospect of the Pavement TechnologyD．A New Asphalt Spray：The Welfare to Urban Areas答案　D解析　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一种新型沥青喷雾，包括其优势、工作原理、应用现状及其给城市带来的益处。故D项可作文章最佳标题。Ⅱ.七选五(2022·山东烟台期中)While a new environment is exciting，the adjustment process can be challenging.Even if everything is going well at the beginning of your new job or school，something unexpected can happen.  1   The following tips will help you adapt to a new environment more quickly and smoothly.Ask questions.It is understandable that when you start，you don’t want to show you need additional explanation，but you have to remember you are new! You are learning an entirely different process，so there will be things you need to ask to understand.  2   In fact，it has the exact opposite effect.You will not only impress others with your original ideas but also open up opportunities to build relationships across your new team.Seek out a mentor(指导者)．Having a mentor，particularly at the beginning，can make your adaptation much more manageable.This person can be your boss，your professor，or just a friendly classmate or co-worker.  3   And more importantly，they can help you learn some essential things you won’t find in the handbook.Get to know people.Beyond your mentor，make it a priority to find more new friends.It does make a considerable difference.This way，you will feel more connected and a part of things，instead of being an island.This doesn’t mean you have to go to every corner and introduce yourself.  4  Focus on this role.  5   Thinking of how comfortable you felt in your last role means you wish things were the same and second-guess yourself，which can threaten a quick adaptation.Don’t look backward.Welcome the new challenges，appreciate the new skills you are learning，and you are sure to be successful in the new role.A．Doing this won’t make you look less intelligent.B．Comparison usually hurts us more than it helps us.C．It can be as simple as getting involved in group activities.D．Don’t let your feeling of unfamiliarity be an excuse to stay alone.E．You can make the change more difficult if you go in the wrong way.F．They’ll field your questions and help you adjust to the culture easily.G．Focus on identifying how your previously learned skills can benefit you.1．答案　E解析　根据空前描述及空后给出的几点建议可知，E项是对前一句“意想不到的事情”的进一步补充，符合语境。故选E项。2．答案　A解析　根据空前：你需要问一些问题来理解；空后内容：事实上，它有完全相反的效果。可知，A项承上启下，符合此处语境。故选A项。3．答案　F解析　根据空前一句：这个人可以是你的老板，你的教授，或者只是一个友好的同学或同事，可知，F项中They指代前文提到的boss，professor，classmate，co-worker，且符合本文主旨“Seek out a mentor”。故选F项。4．答案　C解析　本段主旨为“结识他人”。空前说你不需要一个一个去介绍你自己，空处应该说我们应该怎么做，C项“它可以像参与小组活动一样简单”，符合语境。故选C项。5．答案　B解析　本段主旨为“专注于这个角色”。根据后一句：想到自己在上一个角色中的感觉有多舒服，就意味着你希望一切都和以前一样，然后，重新猜测自己，这可能会威胁到你的快速适应。由此可知，此处是在作对比。故选B项。