(新高考)高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第四册 Unit 5　高考题型组合练 (含详解)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第四册 Unit 5　高考题型组合练 (含详解)，共8页。试卷主要包含了A.purpse B，A.educatinal B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解AEver since I graduated from high school，I’ve worked in the factories surrounding my hometown every summer.However，making the transformation between school and full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier.For a student like me who considers any class before noon to be unacceptable，getting to a factory by 6 o’clock each morning is suffering.My friends never seem to understand why I’m so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation.There are few people as self-confident as a college student who has never been out in the real world.People of my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge.In fact，all the classes did not prepare me for my battles with the machine I ran in the plant，which would jam whenever I absent-mindedly put in a part backward or upside down.The most stressful thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear overnight.Issues like being laid off and overseas relocation had always seemed distant to me until my co-workers told me that the unit I was working in would shut down within six months and move to Mexico，where people would work for 60 cents an hour.After working 12-hour shifts in a factory，the other options have become only too clear.“This job pays well，but it’s hell on the body，” said one co-worker.“Study hard and keep reading，” she added.When I’m back at the university，skipping classes and turning in lazy re-writes seem too irresponsible after seeing what I would be doing without school.All the advice and public-service announcements about the value of an education that used to sound stale(陈腐的) now ring true.My experiences in the factories have inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good.语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过暑假在工厂的工作经历意识到了大学教育的重要性，更加珍惜大学时光。 1．What does the author think of his summer holiday?A．It was no holiday for him at all.B．It brought him nothing but suffering.C．It was a relief from his hard work at school.D．It offered him a chance to make more friends.答案　A解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句和最后一句可知，作者认为暑假对他来说根本不是假期。故选A。2．What can we infer about most college students?A．They do better in the real world.B．They are confident when they work.C．They think too highly of themselves.D．They are expert at handling machines.答案　C解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的第一、二句可知，大多数大学生都太高估自己了。故选C。3．What is the biggest pressure for blue-collar workers?A．A low income.B．The lack of security.C．An unstable location.D．Less break.答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句可知，对于蓝领工人来说，最大的压力是缺乏安全感，因为他们可能随时会失去工作。故选B。4．How did the working experiences change the author?A．He became responsible for his work.B．He learned to be more practical at work.C．He began to respect blue-collar workers.D．He came to appreciate his college education.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，工厂的工作经历改变了作者对大学的态度，让他更加重视他的大学教育。故选D。BThe concept of ownership comes so easily to humans that even preschoolers have got it.Robots，on the other hand，often struggle to grasp such abstract concepts.Now a well-mannered robot that can make it has been programmed.“Teaching robots ownership-related etiquette(礼仪) is really，really worthwhile，” says Matthias Scheutz，a computer scientist at Tufts University.“We can’t just send out robots who are unaware of who owns what...If I instruct a robot to ‘build a fence’，and it goes to the neighbor’s and starts ‘stealing’ boards，that’s not what we have in mind.”The new socially conscious robot can learn who owns what from clear statements as well as its own observations.The robot learns its code of conduct(行为准则) from direct orders and generalizing from specific examples.For instance，if the robot is told not to touch several objects that it knows belong to specific people，the robot will deduce that，as a general rule，it shouldn’t touch owned objects.Artificial intelligence(AI) expert Tan Xuan and colleagues at Yale University found out how the robot reacts in experiments with blocks on a table.In one session，Tan played with only the red blocks，leading the robot to infer that these blocks belonged to the same person.When Tan instructed the robot to throw away everything on the table and the machine reached for a red block，Tan stopped the robot，saying，“That’s mine.” Now aware that it should not throw Tan’s belongings，and assuming that the rest of the red blocks belonged to Tan as well，the robot cleared the table of everything but red blocks.Later，when Tan’s colleague Jake Brawer directed the robot to throw out a red block，the robot replied，“Sorry，I’m forbidden to throw it away if it’s owned by Tan.” Though robots may have more difficulty understanding who owns what in situations filled with far more objects of much wider variety than blocks on a table，Scheutz called it a good “first attempt” at equipping robots with an appreciation of ownership.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。所有权的概念在机器人领域一直是个难题，现在一个特别的机器人被设计出来了，它可以理解所有权概念，知道谁拥有什么，以及如何处理人们的所有物。 5．What does the second paragraph focus on?A．The way of teaching robots ownership.B．The basics of the human-robot relationship.C．The benefit of robots’ learning ownership.D．The importance of robots’ learning code of conduct.答案　D解析　段落大意题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是“Teaching robots ownership-related etiquette(礼仪) is really，really worthwhile”可知，本段主要讲的是让机器人学习与所有权有关的礼仪的重要性，即让机器人学习一定的行为准则的重要性。故选D。6．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “deduce” in Paragraph 3?A．Conclude.   B．Admit.C．Agree.   D．Doubt.答案　A解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句可知，机器人从直接指令中学习行为准则，并从具体例子中进行归纳。再结合第四段中的“leading the robot to infer that these blocks belonged to the same person”可知，此处指如果机器人被告知不要触摸那些它知道属于特定人的物品，机器人就会推断，一般情况下，它不应该触碰有主的物品。故画线词与上文中的“generalizing”和下文中的“infer”意义相近，故选A。7．Why did Tan Xuan use the blocks in experiments?A．To train the robot.B．To predict the robot’s move.C．To test the robot’s behavior.D．To study the robot’s preference.答案　C解析　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句和后文对实验内容的介绍可知，Tan Xuan在实验中用红色方块充当自己的“所有物”，并让机器人意识到这一所属关系，相应地，机器人调整了自己的行为(不清理红色方块)。由此可知，Tan Xuan用方块来测试机器人的行为，故选C。8．What does the author want to show by mentioning Jake Brawer in the last paragraph?A．The robot knows who to obey.B．The robot can learn who owns what.C．The robot follows no wrong orders.D．The robot can solve complex situations.答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，当Jake Brawer命令机器人扔掉一个红色方块时，机器人回答说：“对不起，如果它是Tan的，我不能扔。”这说明在Tan Xuan的实验后，机器人理解了所有权的概念，即它知道谁拥有什么东西。故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空It was a small graduation party.Only Ed，Max，Raul and I were there.All three men，each over the age of fifty，had achieved a   1   in their lives.They could   2  .Overcoming decades of   3   and a lifetime of covering up their illiteracy，these three men had signed up for a free three-month course，taught by me.“I take the bus every day to work，” said Ed.“I have done it for over thirty years.Just yesterday I   4   what the words ‘Emergency Exit’ mean.” Max reported that he was   5 to understand much of Monday’s newspaper sports article on his beloved Dallas Cowboys.  6  ，his break time was spent   7   to read in the hope that his co-workers would never discover his shameful secret.As our final night came to a close，Raul took my hand between his rough ones：“You gave me a   8  .You gave me a new life.”Being so young，I did not grasp the full   9   of his simple statement until my own gray hairs appeared and a(n)   10   downturn robbed me of my work and income security.Now I’m the   11   of my former pupils and my future needs a   12   button.I realize that limiting my destiny(命运) because of my age or my lack of skills is   13  .A future with many wonderful opportunities could belong to me as long as I have the courage to   14   it out and work for it.Like Ed，Max and Raul，I am determined to make a new life for myself.They   15   me well.语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者年轻时教会了三个年过五十的人识字，他们说作者给了他们新的生命。作者当时没有完全明白。到作者年老时，由于经济衰退失去了工作和收入来源，这时他才明白因为年龄或技能的缺乏而限制自己的命运是愚蠢的，他决心为自己开创新的生活。 1．A.first   B．medalC．career   D．prize答案　A解析　根据第二段内容“这三个人克服了几十年的尴尬和掩盖自己的文盲的一生，报名参加了一个由我教授的为期三个月的免费课程”可知，此处是指这三个已年过五十的人都取得了人生中的空前成就。first在此意为“空前的成就”。故选A。2．A.work   B．surviveC．read   D．drive答案　C解析　根据第三、四段内容可知，此处是指他们可以阅读了。故选C。3．A.sorrow   B．depressionC．threat   D．embarrassment答案　D解析　根据“a lifetime of covering up their illiteracy”“shameful secret”可知，此处是指几十年不识字的尴尬。故选D。4．A.heard about   B．looked throughC．put forward   D．figured out答案　D解析　根据下文“understand much of Monday’s newspaper sports article”可推知，此处是指Ed理解了“紧急出口”是什么意思。故选D。5．A.likely   B．ableC．cautious   D．eager答案　B解析　根据上下文语境可知，此处是指他能够理解周一报纸上关于他心爱的达拉斯牛仔队的体育文章的大部分内容。故选B。6．A.Ultimately   B．LatelyC．Previously   D．Gradually答案　C解析　根据“in the hope that his co-workers would never discover his shameful secret”可知，此处是指之前的事。故选C。7．A.learning   B．continuingC．managing   D．pretending答案　D解析　根据“in the hope that his co-workers would never discover his shameful secret”可知，此处是指他的休息时间都用来假装阅读。故选D。8．A.future   B．choiceC．break   D．lesson答案　A解析　根据“You gave me a new life.”可知，此处是指给了他一个未来。故选A。9．A.purpose   B．wisdomC．comment   D．background答案　B解析　根据下文叙述尤其是“A future with many wonderful opportunities could belong to me”可知，此处是指“我”直到年老失去工作时才明白他这句简单的话的全部智慧。故选B。10．A.educational   B．scientificC．physical   D．economic答案　D解析　根据“robbed me of my work and income security”可知，此处是指经济衰退剥夺了“我”的工作和收入保障。故选D。11．A.age   B．exampleC．image   D．guide答案　A解析　根据“my own gray hairs appeared”可知，此处是指现在“我”的年龄和“我”以前的学生差不多了。故选A。12．A.new   B．restartC．special   D．play答案　B解析　根据“I am determined to make a new life for myself”可知，此处是指“我”的未来需要一个重新开始的按钮。故选B。13．A.crucial   B．reasonableC．foolish   D．annoying答案　C解析　根据“limiting my destiny (命运) because of my age or my lack of skills”可知，此处是指因为年龄或技能的缺乏而限制自己的命运是愚蠢的。故选C。14．A.seek   B．letC．bring   D．carry答案　A解析　根据“work for it”可知，此处是指勇于去寻找。故选A。15．A.trained   B．taughtC．cloned   D．controlled答案　B解析　根据“Like Ed，Max and Raul，I am determined to make a new life for myself.”可知，此处是指他们把“我”教得很好。故选B。Ⅲ.语法填空Carpooling(拼车) is when a driver offers to take passengers in exchange for some money for petrol.As 1.         result，carpooling can be 2.        (cheap) than public transport because everyone in the car shares the cost of petrol.I 3.        (recent) did carpooling for the first time and it was very easy to find a driver.I used a website 4.         lists drivers’ profiles(简介) and found someone who was going to the same place as me.A lot of information can 5.        (see) in the profiles such as their first name，age and gender(性别) as well as reviews from other passengers.I decided 6.        (travel) with a lady who had very good reviews.I found carpooling to be a(n) 7.        (impress) experience.Not only was the trip very cheap，but the driver and the other passengers were really friendly.They were all French so I had the chance to practise 8.        (speak) some French.When I waved goodbye to them，a thought suddenly occurred to me 9.         carpooling could be the future of travel.Both drivers and passengers can benefit 10.         this form of travel.It saves money，and perhaps more importantly，carpooling provides a fantastic opportunity to meet interesting people on your travels.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了拼车这种出行方式，还介绍了作者是如何拼车的，以及对拼车的感受。 1．答案　a解析　考查冠词。as a result为固定短语，意为“结果”，故填a。2．答案　cheaper解析　考查形容词的比较级。根据下文than public transport可知应用形容词比较级cheaper，表示“更便宜的”。故填cheaper。3．答案　recently解析　考查词性转换。修饰动词did应用副词，故填recently。4．答案　which/that解析　考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词website，且关系词代指先行词在从句中作主语，指物应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。5. 答案　be seen解析　考查动词的语态。本句中主语information与see构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形。故填be seen。6．答案　to travel解析　考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.固定短语，表示“决定做某事”。故填to travel。7．答案　impressive解析　考查词性转换。修饰名词experience应用形容词，故填impressive。8．答案　speaking解析　考查非谓语动词。practise doing sth.固定短语，表示“练习做某事”，故填speaking。9．答案　that解析　考查固定句式。sth.occur to sb.that...，固定句式，表示“某人突然想到……”，故填that。10．答案　from解析　考查介词。benefit from固定短语，意为“从……中受益”，故填from。