(新高考)高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第一册 Unit 1　高考题型组合练 (含详解)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第一册 Unit 1　高考题型组合练 (含详解)，共7页。
高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2022·江苏如皋教学质量调研)Martin Stephen lost his cousin David Jeffrey and almost lost his own life when they were swept into a strong wave as a force 10 gale hit Dunbar two days before Christmas in 1970.The pair had been climbing rocks at the entrance to Dunbar harbour to watch the storm roll in，as they had done many times before.A sudden wave pulled 11-year-old David into the water.Martin，who was 21，jumped in after him to try to save him but the waves were just too strong.David was never found.Martin was left struggling against the swell.The lifeboat crew at Dunbar was deployed and after a dramatic rescue mission，Martin was pulled from the sea.Five decades later，Martin wrote to the crew to thank them once more for their brave actions which allowed him to go on and live a full and happy life.And he had the opportunity to talk via videocall to David Kittrick—one of the men who helped him.David was a young volunteer and he managed to pull Martin’s head above the icy water as other crew members joined the rescue.Martin was eventually pulled aboard the Margaret lifeboat，where he was resuscitated.The men took it in turns to keep him alive until they could get him ashore.David Brunton was the crew member who pulled Martin out of the water that day.He is no longer alive，and it is only now that his son Jamie has learned the full details of the rescue.Jamie said，“I remember my dad coming home in the late afternoon soaking wet.If it hadn’t been for my mother who put the plaque up on the wall that he got for the rescue，we wouldn’t have known anything about it.Dad wasn’t keen to talk about it.”David Brunton was awarded the RNLI Bronze Medal for Gallantry.Martin，a retired headteacher，said，“I have been given the most extraordinary Christmas present any human being can give.One life was tragically lost on that day，but David Brunton didn’t just save one life—he saved nine lives.He saved my three sons and five grandchildren.”语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了50年前David Brunton因救了落入海里的Martin Stephen而被授予皇家全国救生艇学会英勇勋章的事迹。 1．What can we learn about David Jeffrey from the passage?A．He lost his life on Christmas.B．He was a lifeboat crew member.C．He was found dead at Dunbar.D．He was swept away by the wave.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“A sudden wave pulled 11-year-old David into the water.”以及“David was never found.”可知，David Jeffrey被海浪卷走了。故选D。2．When did the story most probably happen?A．At night in winter.B．At night in summer.C．On a winter’s afternoon.D．On a summer’s afternoon.答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“two days before Christmas in 1970”以及倒数第二段中“I remember my dad coming home in the late afternoon soaking wet.”可知，故事最可能发生在冬天的下午。故选C。3．Which of the following can best describe David Brunton?A．Brave and modest.B．Strict and selfless.C．Helpful and generous.D．Clever and determined.答案　A解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Dad wasn’t keen to talk about it.”及最后一段中“was awarded the RNLI Bronze Medal for Gallantry”可推知，David Brunton勇敢且谦虚。故选A。4．What does Martin mean by saying “he saved nine lives”？A．David Brunton’s life is the best Christmas present.B．David Brunton’s act has an impact on his family.C．David Brunton’s climbing rocks matters greatly.D．David Brunton would save lives at Christmas.答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推知，要不是David Brunton救了Martin，Martin就不可能成立家庭并拥有后代，所以Martin说“他救了九条命”意思是David Brunton的行为对他的家庭产生了影响。故选B。BAs COVID-19 hit and the world went into varying levels of lockdown(封锁)，it became difficult for researchers to know what was happening in the ocean.But now，you can join the eOceans platform to help researchers gather data on oceans and ocean ecosystems in real-time.Downloading the eOceans app on your smartphone and logging what you see when you are on the coast or in the ocean，including any animals，people，pollution or even an empty beach，you can help researchers monitor the world’s oceans.The app lets you note your observations as well as upload photos.This information is then linked to your geographical location and is made accessible to scientists studying that region.Using eOceans data，researchers can remotely monitor how oceans and coastal communities worldwide are happening，including in the context of the pandemic(疫情)．In reality，observations recorded through eOceans are already providing valuable insights.During Australia’s lockdown，for example，the largest group of turtles in the country’s history was spotted by researchers using eOceans data.And in Hawaii，data from the app suggests that clearer waters are associated with a reduction in tourists during the pandemic.Negative impacts of the pandemic on the ocean have also been picked up through the app，including an increase in pollution from personal protective equipment，as well as pandemic-related interruptions to marine recovery following a 2019 oil leak in Brazilian waters. “In future，data from eOceans could help enable early detection of hazards(危害)，such as oil leaks，so that they can be dealt with sooner，” says Christine Ward-Paige，founder and chief scientist at eOceans.“Till now，more than 1,000 people have already joined the eOceans platform，” says Ward-Paige.“But more data on wildlife spotted along coastlines，as well as information on how people are using these spaces，are still needed.”语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。在疫情封锁的状态下，人们可以通过eOceans平台及时收集和上传海洋信息以帮助研究人员监测海洋。 5．How can people help researchers monitor the ocean through the eOceans platform?A．By downloading and observing some data of hazards.B．By spotting and marking the previous marine recovery.C．By collecting and uploading timely oceanic information.D．By detecting and reporting your present geographical location.答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知，人们可以通过eOceans平台及时收集和上传海洋信息以帮助研究人员监测海洋。故选C。6．Which discovery has been made based on the eOceans data?A．An oil leak occurring in Australian waters.B．The largest turtle found in Australia’s history.C．A factor contributing to clearer waters in Hawaii.D．A boom of tourism appearing during the pandemic.答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“And in Hawaii，data from the app suggests that clearer waters are associated with a reduction in tourists during the pandemic.”可知，根据eOceans的数据，研究人员得出了一个有助于夏威夷水域更清澈的因素。故选C。7．What is Ward-Paige’s attitude towards the future of the eOceans platform?A．Indifferent.   B．Optimistic.C．Doubtful.   D．Anxious.答案　B解析　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中Christine Ward-Paige所说的话“In future，data from eOceans could help enable early detection of hazards(危害)，such as oil leaks，so that they can be dealt with sooner”可知，Christine Ward-Paige对eOceans平台的未来很乐观。故选B。8．What can be the best title for the text?A．Keeping an Eye on the OceanB．Caring About the Ocean PollutionC．Showing Love to Coastal CreaturesD．Monitoring the Quality of Seawater答案　A解析　标题归纳题。根据第二段首句以及全文内容可知，文章主要是讲人们通过eOceans平台可以帮助研究人员监测世界海洋。故选A。CHave you ever heard someone say，“breakfast is the most important meal of the day”，or give you advice about why it’s vital to start the day with a healthy breakfast? It seems that this meal，for many of us，is necessary for our day to start well，but is it really that important?The word “breakfast” comes from “breaking the fast”—the idea of ending the period in which we don’t eat during the night.The regeneration process that takes place while we sleep consumes some of our natural food reserves.Breakfast gives us an opportunity to replenish those reduced stores of things like protein and calcium.So，in that way，a healthy breakfast makes sense.There are also many often-quoted studies which seem to connect a state of being overweight with not eating breakfast.In fact，it leads many health experts to advise a healthy breakfast to not only control but also lose weight.In a US study,50,000 people were monitored over seven years，and those who ate a healthy breakfast were found to have a lower BMI(体重指数)，which seems to suggest that breakfast may indeed help people maintain a healthy weight.But it might not be as simple as that.Alexandra Johnstone，professor of appetite research at the University of Aberdeen，suggests those who do not have breakfast might be less aware of healthy diets and nutrition，and people who eat breakfast might have a healthier lifestyle overall exercising and not smoking，for example.And he also points out that with the rise in popularity of intermittent(间歇的) fasting to lose weight，there may also be some benefits to not eating breakfast，like improving blood sugar control and lowering blood pressure.So，while breakfast has its benefits，it might not be the most important meal.It seems that a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet might be more important for many of us than just one single meal.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，早餐对于健康有一定的意义，但更重要的是健康的生活方式和均衡的饮食。 9．Why does the author list the questions in the first paragraph?A．To give a warning.B．To offer some advice.C．To introduce the topic.D．To prove a certain fact.答案　C解析　推理判断题。根据文章第一段列举的问题及关键句“It seems that this meal，for many of us，is necessary for our day to start well，but is it really that important？”以及下文可知，作者在第一段列举问题，是为了引出下文的话题。故选C项。10．What does the underlined word “replenish” mean in Paragraph 2?A．Set aside.   B．Manage without.C．Make up for.   D．Run out of.答案　C解析　词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中的“The regeneration process that takes place while we sleep consumes some of our natural food reserves.”及“those reduced stores of things like protein and calcium”可知，replenish与make up for意思相近，表示“补充，弥补”。故选C项。11．What conclusion can we draw from Johnstone’s research?A．Skipping breakfast may do good to our health.B．Those who eat breakfast can keep a lower BMI.C．Breakfast is the most important meal of the day.D．Intermittent fasting contributes greatly to weight loss.答案　A解析　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“there may also be some benefits to not eating breakfast，like improving blood sugar control and lowering blood pressure”可知，从Johnstone的研究中可知，不吃早餐也有可能对我们的健康有益。故选A项。12．What does the author suggest we do at the end of the text?A．Try new lifestyles.B．Follow a balanced diet.C．Pay more attention to breakfast.D．Be aware of the benefits of each meal.答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的最后一句可知，作者建议我们应该均衡饮食。故选B项。Ⅱ.七选五Last Sunday I was thinking about the difference between successful people and those who don’t achieve anything significant.I made an interesting discovery.This difference may at first look obvious，but the fact is quite the opposite.  1  Everyone has a purpose behind their actions.If they don’t，they wouldn’t take action.  2   When they take action，at the back of their minds they think about success that this action is going to bring them.  3   What’s the purpose behind your actions？Do you work to thrive(蓬勃发展) or to survive? Do you go to work to feed your family or to create an amazing lifestyle?Different purposes will result in completely different life experiences.People who work to survive are the ones who fear that some unexpected bill will arrive.They go to bed worrying about money and unimportant things.They hate their employment but don’t quit because they doubt their own ability to create something greater.I know this kind of feeling because I was like that once.That’s a very uncomfortable state to be in because you are constantly worried about insignificant things.  4   Therefore，you cannot achieve anything great.Now there are some people who don’t accept the “Life is hard” story and they are fueled by an entirely different purpose.They work to thrive.  5   They have a beautiful vision and they take constant action to make that vision a reality.A．And they don’t think about why something cannot be done.B．Such an attitude invites great opportunities to you.C．It lies in what motivates people to take action.D．So let me ask you a few questions.E．And this makes you take even more or better quality action.F．This state does not allow you to be creative.G．But successful people have a completely different purpose behind their actions.语篇解读　每个人的行动背后都有一个动机。但成功人士在他们的行动背后有一个完全不同的动机。 1．答案　C解析　联系上句意思以及下段第一句“Everyone has a purpose behind their actions.”可知，选项C符合语境，能够连接上下文，故选C。2．答案　G解析　由前面两句和后面一句“When they take action，at the back of their minds they think about success that this action is going to bring them.(当他们采取行动的时候，他们在内心里思考的是这个行动将会带给他们的成功)”可知，此处讲的是成功的人的目的和动机，所以选项G符合语境。3．答案　D解析　根据下文作者提的几个问题可知，D项“所以让我问你几个问题”符合语境。4．答案　F解析　根据前一句“That’s a very uncomfortable state to be in because you are constantly worried about insignificant things.(那是一个让人非常不舒服的状态，因为你总是担心微不足道的事情)”可知F项“This state does not allow you to be creative.”符合题意，其中“state”是原词复现。5．答案　A解析　本段描述成功人士的行动目的和生活状态，由此可以推测出A项符合语境，故选A。