(新高考)高考英语一轮复习必修第一册 Unit 4　高考题型组合练 (含详解)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习必修第一册 Unit 4　高考题型组合练 (含详解)，共7页。
高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2022·广东汕头金山中学期中)The person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd.When I stepped off a ship in New York Harbor in 1949，I was a nine-year-old war refugee，who had lost his mother and was coming to live with the father he did not know.My mother，Eleni Gatzoyiannis，had been imprisoned and shot for sending my sisters and me to freedom.I was thirteen years old when I entered Chandler Junior High.Shortly after I arrived，I was told to select a hobby to pursue during “club hours”．The idea of hobbies and clubs made no sense to my immigrant ears，but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class.She led me into the presence of Ms Hurd，the school newspaper adviser and English teacher.A tough woman with salt-and-pepper hair and determined eyes，Ms Hurd had no patience with lazy bones.She drilled us in grammar，assigned stories for us to read and discuss，and eventually taught us how to put out a newspaper.Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my war-torn homeland，making me proud of my origins.Her efforts inspired me to understand the logic and structure of the English language.Owing to her inspiration，during my next twenty-five years，I became a journalist by profession.Ms Hurd retired at the age of 62.By then，she had taught for a total of 41 years.Even after her retirement，she continually made a project of unwilling students in whom she spied a spark of potential.The students were mainly from the most troubled homes，yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her own special brand of tough love，until the spark caught fire.Ms Hurd was the one who directed my grief and pain into writing.But for Ms Hurd，I wouldn’t have become a reporter.She was the one who sent me into journalism and indirectly caused all the good things that came after.语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要介绍了自己的老师Marjorie Hurd，并重点讲述了Hurd老师对自己的人生道路产生的重要影响。 1．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A．Hobbies and clubs did not interest the author.B．The author turned a deaf ear to joining clubs.C．Hobbies and clubs were inaccessible to immigrants like the author.D．The author had no idea what hobbies and clubs were all about.答案　D解析　句意理解题。根据上文的介绍“Shortly after I arrived，I was told to select a hobby to pursue during ‘club hours’．”，再结合后文“but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class”中的but，可以推测出画线句子表示的意思应与之相反，所以D项“作者根本不知道业余爱好和俱乐部是什么”符合语境。故选D。2．Which of the following caused the author to think of his homeland differently?A．Stepping on the American soil for the first time.B．Being exposed to Greek literary works.C．Her mother’s miserable death.D．Following the prettiest girl in his class.答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my war-torn homeland，making me proud of my origins.”可知，Hurd老师让作者了解了希腊文学这一宝贵财富，使得他对饱受战争蹂躏的祖国有了新的不同的认识，并为之感到自豪。故选B。3．It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that         .A．Ms Hurd employed a unique way to handle the unwilling studentsB．Ms Hurd’s contribution was recognized across the nationC．students from troubled homes preferred Ms Hurd’s teaching styleD．the students Ms Hurd taught were all finally fired答案　A解析　推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可知，在Hurd老师退休之后，她继续用她独特、严厉的爱帮助不愿意学习的学生发挥他们的潜质。故选A。4．What is the text mainly about?A．How the author became a journalist.B．The importance of inspiration in one’s life.C．The teacher who shaped the author’s life.D．Factors contributing to a successful career.答案　C解析　主旨大意题。通读全文特别是文章第一句可知，本文主要讲述了作者的老师Marjorie Hurd对作者的人生道路产生的重要影响。C项中的“shaped the author’s life”与“set the course of my life”意思相近。故选C。BLas Vegas city in Nevada is built in a desert.The city may be known to the outside world for its partying.But officials have found that there are 21 square kilometers of useless grass.The grass is never lain on，played on or even stepped on.The grass is only there to look nice.Now，the city is asking the Nevada State Legislature to ban useless grass.It is trying to become the first place in America to ban that kind of grass often seen between streets，in housing developments and in office parks.It is estimated that useless grass makes up 40% of all the grass in Las Vegas and it needs a lot of water to survive.Grass needs four times more water than dry climate plants like cactus.By tearing out the grass，the city could reduce yearly water usage by 15%.In 2003，the Southern Nevada Water Authority banned developers from planting grass in front of new homes.It also offered homeowners $ 30 for each square meter of grass they tore out.But fewer people are now using the program.Water usage has increased in southern Nevada by 9% since 2019.And last year，Las Vegas went a record 240 days without major rainfall.The Colorado River provides much of Nevada’s drinking water.The river could lose more water as climate change affects it.Water officials in other dry cities say water usage needs to be reduced.But they fear the reaction to reforms like the ones in Las Vegas if their communities do not accept them.Cynthia Campbell is the water resources adviser for the city of Phoenix in Arizona.“There might come a point when city restrictions get too severe for some residents.They’ll say that is the point of no return for them，” Campbell said.“For some people，it’s a pool.For some people，it’s grass.”语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，拉斯维加斯是建立在沙漠的城市，水非常珍贵。然而城市的草消耗了大量的水。为节约用水，该市要求立法机构通过一项法律，除掉没有用途的草。 5．Why does Las Vegas city try to ban useless grass?A．To protect the local people.B．To beautify the city.C．To reduce water usage.D．To reduce waste.答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，拉斯维加斯市试图通过立法清理掉没有用途的草，主要是为了节约用水。故选C。6．What program was carried out in Las Vegas in 2003?A．Allowing planting grass before new houses.B．Encouraging the residents to tear out grass.C．Praising those who signed on the program.D．Awarding those who reduced water usage.答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据第四段前两句可知，2003年在拉斯维加斯实施了鼓励居民把草拔掉的项目。故选B。7．What is implied in Campbell’s words in the last paragraph?A．Many residents won’t follow the ban.B．Reaction to the reform will vary personally.C．Other measures should be taken to protect water.D．Water officials should take many factors into account.答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“For some people，it’s a pool.For some people，it’s grass.”可知，Campbell所说的话暗示了对改革的反应因人而异。故选B。8．What is the best title for the text?A．Las Vegas Plans to Ban Useless GrassB．A Method Is Adopted to Save Las VegasC．Choices between Beauty and PracticeD．Grass Is Important but Useless in Las Vegas答案　A解析　标题归纳题。本文主要讲的是拉斯维加斯市准备通过一项法律，除掉城市里没有用途的草，其目的是节约用水。由此可知，A项最适合作本文的标题。故选A。CCould looking through trees be the view to a greener future? Trees replacing the clear glass in your windows is not a work of science fiction.It’s happening now.Forest Products Laboratory researcher Junyong Zhu together with colleagues from the University of Maryland and University of Colorado has developed a transparent wood material that may be the window of tomorrow.Researchers found that transparent wood has the potential to outperform glass currently used in construction in nearly every way.While glass is the most common material used in window construction，it comes with quite a few bad consequences.Heat easily transfers through glass and amounts to higher energy bills when it escapes during cold weather and pours in when it’s warm.Glass production used for construction also comes with a heavy carbon footprint.Manufacturing emissions alone are approximately 25,000 metric tons per year，without considering the heavy footprint of transporting the glass.The innovation was developed using wood from the balsa tree，which is native to South and Central America.The team treated balsa wood to an oxidizing bath，where the wood is kept in a bleach solution at room temperature to remove the light-absorbing substance from the structure.The wood was then penetrated(注入)with a synthetic polymer called polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)，creating a product that is virtually transparent.So the transparent wood was created，which is far more durable and lighter than glass.Switching to transparent wood could prove to be cost-efficient as well.It is approximately five times more thermally efficient than glass，cutting energy costs.It is made from a sustainable，renewable resource with low carbon emissions.With all of these potential benefits for consumers，manufacturing and the environment，the case for transparent wood couldn’t be clearer.语篇解读　本文是说明文，研究发明了一种新型材料——透明的木材，它比玻璃更耐用，也更轻。 9．What is the main problem with glass used in window construction?A．It is inefficient in letting heat out.B．It does not reflect light and heat.C．It causes a high ecological cost.D．It is inconvenient to transport.答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，玻璃窗户会产生更高的能源账单，有严重的碳足迹，说明玻璃窗户的主要问题是不利于环境，需付出更大的生态代价。故选C项。10．What does the underlined part “a bleach solution” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A．A liquid to make objects white.B．A process to solve problems.C．A container to store liquids.D．A way to make colors fade.答案　A解析　词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句“The team treated balsa wood to an oxidizing bath，where the wood is kept in a bleach solution at room temperature to remove the light-absorbing substance from the structure.”可知，研究小组将巴尔沙木材置于a bleach solution 中可知，solution “溶液”，且能去除结构中的吸光物质。结合常识，白色不吸光，所以巴尔沙木材会变白，可得出a bleach solution 是一种能让物体变白的液体。故选A项。11．What does Paragraph 4 focus on?A．How to make things transparent.B．How to produce the new material.C．The benefits of the wood material.D．The great importance of innovation.答案　B解析　段落大意题。第四段最后一句“So the transparent wood was created，which is far more durable and lighter than glass.” 是对这一段内容的总结，所以可知本段讲述的是如何生产出这种新型材料。故选B项。12．What is the author’s attitude towards transparent wood?A．Skeptical.   B．Ambiguous.C．Conservative.   D．Appreciative.答案　D解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为透明木材对消费者、制造业和环境有潜在好处，说明作者对透明木材持欣赏的态度。故选D项。Ⅱ.七选五Keys to a Good Family LifeIn posters and ads，we often see pictures of happy families，but family life is not all smiles and laughter.All families are different and have problems，but you can make your family life better with hard work and determination.  1  Spend time together as a family.Some people are too busy for family time.You have to set aside time to plan and spend special times together.  2   Make the conversation around the table pleasant and caring；maybe ask each person how their day was or what is happening in their school or work life.Doing household chores together also helps.  3   Allow members of your family to express their own feelings and ideas.Maintain eye contact and don’t interrupt when someone is talking.Listen carefully to what they are saying，before you judge or disagree.Hearing someone else，and being heard by that person，is the foundation of a good relationship.  4   Try not to be angry at someone’s opinions.Even if you think that they are wrong，listen with an open mind to show that you care—and remember that no one is perfect.Meet each other’s needs.Give time to each and every one of your family members.Know what is going on in their lives and what they need help with.  5   If they need help with something，set aside time to do so.To be aware of your family members’ emotional and physical needs，you need to communicate.A．Listen to their problems.B．Try applying the following steps.C．Allow each person to be an individual.D．So these steps will help you all get on well.E．Respect your family members’ feelings and ideas.F．Every day it should be eating at least one meal together.G．Each family member has his or her own opinions or suggestions. 1．答案　B解析　本句为第一段最后一句，有启示下文的作用，结合后文主要介绍了一些让家庭生活变得更好的方法。故B选项“尝试应用以下步骤”符合上下文语境。2．答案　F解析　结合后文“Make the conversation around the table pleasant and caring；maybe ask each person how their day was or what is happening in their school or work life.”可知，本句是在建议每天要和家人在一起至少吃一顿饭。故F选项符合上下文语境。3．答案　E解析　根据后文“Allow members of your family to express their own feelings and ideas.”可知，允许你的家人表达他们自己的感受和想法。由此可知，本句是在说明要尊重家人的感受和想法。故E选项符合上下文语境。4．答案　G解析　结合后文“Try not to be angry at someone’s opinions.Even if you think that they are wrong，listen with an open mind to show that you care—and remember that no one is perfect.”可知，本句是在说明要允许每个家庭成员都有自己的意见或建议，且不要对别人的意见生气，要保持开放的心态倾听。后文中opinions可对应到G选项中opinions or suggestions。故G选项“每个家庭成员都有自己的意见或建议”符合上下文语境。5．答案　A解析　根据上文“Know what is going on in their lives and what they need help with.”以及后文“If they need help with something，set aside time to do so.To be aware of your family members’ emotional and physical needs，you need to communicate.”可知，本段是在强调了解了家庭成员的生活、他们需要什么帮助后，倾听他们的问题，并及时提供帮助。故A选项“倾听他们的问题”符合上下文语境。