2023长沙雅礼中学高二上学期期中考试英语试卷含答案

2022-2023-1雅礼中学高二上期中考试

英    语

时量：120分钟                满分：150分

命题人：高二英语备课组  审题人：王满春 黄琼

第一部分  听力（共两节，满分30分）略

第二部分  阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节  （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

If you’d rather eat out on Thanksgiving or order the meal to go, you have no shortage of options. Here are some Chicago restaurants celebrating the holiday with a variety of dishes on offer.

Cyrano’s Bistrot and Wine Bars, 546 N. Wells St

Go French for Thanksgiving, with Cyrano’s six-course to-go menu. It’s packed with four appetizers; four vegetable sides; pumpkin soup; a choice of turkey, duck or chicken; a cheese plate, and desserts. Also included: reheating instructions. The cost is US$39 a person. To order, call (312)467-0546.

Fairmont Chicago, 200 N. Columbus Drive

The hotel is going retro(怀旧的) and green this year with its Thanksgiving to-go menu, from organic green bean casserole(砂锅) made with mushroom soup to organic mashed potatoes with bacon bits and sour cream. The meal, which serves 8 to 10, is US$195, plus tax. Orders must be in by 3 p.m. Wednesday. To order, call (312)565-6665.

Kit Kat Lounge and Supper Club, 3700 N. Halsted St

The restaurant celebrates Thanksgiving a day early with a three-course menu on Wednesday. Menu items include a wild mushroom tart(馅饼) with Gruyere and Cabernet-marinated steak with Havarti mashed potatoes. The US$35 dinner each, tax and tip not included, includes a martini. For reservations, call (773)525-1111.

Lawry’s The Prime Rib, 100 E. Ontario St

The star of the Thanksgiving menu is organic, free-range turkey from Pennsylvania. To-go dinner package also will be offered, with 10 percent of proceeds(收益) going to the Greater Chicago Food Depository. Carry-out packages range from US$27 for an individual turkey dinner to US$480 for a meal serving 12 to 14. Orders must be placed by Tuesday. Call (312)787-5000.

Popeyes, various locations

Thirteen of the chicken chain’s Chicago locations are taking orders now for takeout fried turkeys. The turkeys, which serve 8 to 10, range from US$40 to US$45. Use the restaurant locator at www.popeyes.com for locations and phone numbers.

21. If a person wants to order sweet food like pudding, he or she should dial _____________.

 A. (312)467-0546 B. (312)787-50000 C. (773)525-1111 D. (312)565-6665

22. Which restaurant offers the cheapest meal for each person?

 A. Cyrano’s Bistrot and Wine Bar.  B. Fairmont Chicago.

 C. Kit Kat Lounge and Supper Club.  D. Lawry’s The Prime Rib

23. If a 13-member family wants to celebrate Thanksgiving at home, they should order food in _____________.

 A. Kit Kat Lounge and Supper Club B. Fairmont Chicago

 C. Cyrano’s Bistrot and Wine Bar D. Lawry’s The Prime Rib

B

I enjoy throwing stuff away. I’d love to go full minimalism(极简主义), but my wife and two teenage kids do not share my dream of a house with almost nothing in it. I have tried. When the kids were little, I taught them my two favorite games — “Do We Need It?” and “Put It in Its Place” — and made them play every few months. Their enthusiasm never matched mine.

If I’m going to be honest, my own tidying skills are not as great as I’d like. My “discarded” pile is never quite the trash mountain I want because I make up excuses for why things are useful. I consider this unhealthy. I want to be better at moving on.

So, this time I found help — the classics for people like me: The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, by Marie Kondo. Kondo’s commitment to her craft is astonishing. Her philosophy is only to keep things you love. Can I go full Kondo? I will try. One central idea is to clean by category. You start by collecting all clothes and gathering them together for consideration. It makes you rethink how you organize. Next, hold each item and ask if it brings you joy. This way you’re choosing what to keep. And that’s how I find myself with all my clothes on my bedroom floor. My wife walks by and gives me a look that says I’m nuts. She’s probably not wrong.

Somewhere near the bottom of this chaos is my special jacket. I move through the pile: pants, shirts, suits and shoes. Then my last category: jackets. I haven’t worn the thing in about 30 years. Somehow, it has survived. Now that I’m striving to follow Kondo — surely, its time has come?

I hold it in my hand. There is a tear just below the collar that widens as I hold it. It’s literally falling apart. Will I ever wear it again? Not a chance. Does it feel good to wear? Does it bring me joy? Actually, yes. At this moment, my daughter walks in. She asks about the jacket. I tell her the story. She thinks I should keep it. It’s cool and unique and full of memories. She is arguing that nostalgia(怀念) is the very reason.

I’m not entirely convinced by my daughter’s arguments. I believe in looking ahead, not backward. Nevertheless, sometimes it’s hard to let go. So I gently place the jacket on the “keep” pile.

24. What does the underlined word “discarded” probably mean in Paragraph 2?

 A. adjusted  B. reserved  C. abandoned  D. tidied

25. What drives the author to read The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up?

 A. To learn how to categorize. B. To improve his tidying skills.

 C. To persuade his family members.  D. To develop passion for minimalism.

26. What is the attitude of the author’s family members toward minimalism?

 A. They don’t understand it.  B. They completely support it.

 C. They are strongly opposed to it. D. They are less passionate about it.

27. What’s the best title for the text?

 A. Knowing when to let go  B. Classifying what you love

 C. Throwing worn-out clothes D. Keeping valuable possessions

C

Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.

But while it’s long been believed that endorphins(内啡肽) — chemicals in the body that cause happiness — are behind the so-called “runner’s high”, a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.

According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids(内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.

To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.

Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise, along with many other chemicals. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety.

But after being given a drug to block their endorphins they changed. However, when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, their runner’s high symptoms seemed to fade.

“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote.

Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it’s already well known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety.

The UK’s National Health Service even prescribes(开药方) exercise for patients who are suffering from depression.

“Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and it’s especially useful for people with mild to moderate(中等的) depression it wrote on its website.

It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don’t fully understand where it comes from. At least if we’re feeling down, we know that all we have to do is put on our running shoes.

28. What did scientists from German universities recently discover?

 A. Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.

 B. The runner’s high could be caused by endocannabinoids.

 C. Endorphins may contribute to one’s high spirits after running.

 D. The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one’s mood.

29. The scientists gave mice drugs in their experiment to _____________.

 A. find what reduces the runner’s high symptoms

 B. see the specific symptoms of the runner’s high

 C. identify what is responsible for the runner’s high

 D. test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released

30. The underlined word “notion” in Paragraph 7 has the closest meaning to _____________.

 A. effect  B. goal  C. question  D. belief

31. According to the UK’s National Health Service, regular workouts _____________.

 A. are the best way to treat depression

 B. can help ease depression symptoms

 C. only work for those with serious depression

 D. can help people completely recover from depression

D

A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.

“It’s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components,” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.

They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.

While this first robotic fly is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically, it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.

Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”

32. Which of the following statements was the difficulty engineers met while making the robotic fly?

 A. They did not have sufficient fund.

 B. No ready-made components were available.

 C. There was no model in their mind.

 D. It was hard for them to assemble the components.

33. What do we know about the robotic fly?

 A. The robotic fly has been put into wide application.

 B. The robotic fly consists of a flight device and a control system.

 C. The robotic fly can collect information from many sources.

 D. The robotic fly can fly well with the cooperation of individual components.

34. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?

 A. The robotic fly can replace animals in some experiments.

 B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.

 C. The robotic fly is designed to learn about insects.

 D. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.

35. What is the main idea of the passage?

 A. The development of robotic fly

 B. Robotic fly promotes engineering science

 C. Harvard’s efforts in making robotic fly

 D. Robotic fly imitates real life insect

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

There is an English saying: “         36         “ Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body.          37        

Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their hearts, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise.          38          If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial.

Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group that tolerated the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program.          39        

         40          They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.

第三部分  语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When Pete Eckert started going blind, he decided to channel his feelings of loss into art. In his 20s at the time, Eckert would spend whole days preparing drawings and woodcuts before asking his wife to      41      the results to him. But the process was driving his wife      42     . So, in search of a more instant medium, he turned his hand to photography.

“When I started out, digital cameras hadn’t      43      traditional photography shops yet,” Eckert said on the phone from his home in Sacramento, California. “I would go to those photography shops and buy two rolls of film and ask ten      44      questions. I went every day. And by asking questions and getting      45     , I learned.”

More than two decades after entirely losing his sight from an eye disease, Eckert has      46      a successful career as a self-taught photographer now. When he first      47      the world of photography, Eckert would go on short trips at night with his dog for      48     . He began by photographing statues, though he soon      49      more interesting subject matter. “To take photos of sculptures isn’t really      50      because the art is already there,” he said. “What I was looking for was a way of showing what      51      is like.”

This new focus resulted in a      52      kind of photographic beauty — images      53      of ghostly figures and artfully vague(模糊的) lines that no one had ever tried before.

Eckert’s images aren’t      54      metaphors(暗喻) for blindness. Many of them have been shot to literally represent what his mind sees, offering sighted people a clear      55      into his world.

41. A. predict  B. describe  C. question  D. confirm

42. A. worried  B. lonely  C. crazy  D. disappointed

43. A. run into  B. given away  C. put off  D. wiped out

44. A. professional  B. academic  C. difficult  D. important

45. A. belief  B. expectation  C. judgment  D. instruction

46. A. established  B. introduced  C. spotted  D. ruined

47. A. put up with  B. stood up for  C. took charge of  D. set foot in

48. A. protection  B. inspiration  C. promotion  D. attraction

49. A. accepted  B. invented  C. sought  D. checked

50. A. new  B. fair  C. hard  D. easy

51. A. blindness  B. world  C. space  D. loneliness

52. A. popular  B. traditional  C. practical  D. unique

53. A. accused  B. composed  C. rid  D. cleared

54. A. hardly  B. simply  C. rarely  D. seriously

55. A. reason  B. target  C. view  D. message

第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

56. When I saw it up close, I _____________ (strike) by the small areas of light across the paintings, and the way the soft edges of the figures seemed to mix together.

57. I couldn’t believe _____________ when I heard he did around 250 paintings of the same water lily pond, all in different colours and styles.

58. The first section presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing, _____________ (feature) crop fields, a river winding through the landscape, and farmers hard at work.

59. The ancient scroll has survived the test of time _____________ (remarkable) well.

60. Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those _____________ constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings.

Researchers recently have found a surprising and          61          (benefit) impact of lightning with the result of a study          62          (publish) in Science. The study found that lightning may play a bigger role in global climate change          63          was previously known by the scientific community. “Lightning increases the atmosphere’s ability to clean itself, the researchers wrote in the study.

The Earth          64          (strike) by lightning nearly 20 million times each year, which travels as much as 10 to 12 miles from a thunderstorm, thus instantly          65          (heat) the air to 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit(华氏温度) according to the National Weather Service.

Researchers realized that the increase in hydroxyl radicals(羟基自由基) in the atmosphere          66          they observed was connected to the lightning          67          (flash). Hydroxyl radicals, also described as a “chemical cleaner”, were important chemical compounds(混合物) found in the atmosphere. As          68          result, the study predicted that between 2% and 16% of the oxidizing(氧化) or cleaning is done by lightning. The oxidizing or cleaning happens          69          (natural) in the Earth atmosphere. Researchers say that more studies will need to be conducted to confirm the degree          70          which lightning contributes to the fight against global climate change.

第四部分  写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

71. 假设你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Sam给你发来邮件说对中国文化很感兴趣，尤其喜欢唐诗(Tang poetry)。请你给他回复一封邮件，分享你对唐诗的了解，提出学习建议并表达祝愿。具体内容包括：

1. 唐诗地位及影响；

2. 列举著名诗人；

3. 欢迎来中国交流文化。

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Sam,

Yours,

Li Hua

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I lay on my bed, legs leaning against the wall, desperately wishing my mother would call. But I remembered the last time I’d seen her, right before the train for Providence pulled out of the station, “You know how expensive it is to call,” she said, then hugged me tight and said good-bye.

This was my first birthday away from home. I missed my mom, missed my sister, and most certainly missed the special pound cake my mother always made for my birthday. Since getting to college that year, I would watch jealously as the other freshmen received care packages from their parents on their birthdays — and even on ordinary days. Big boxes containing summer slacks and blouses, packages of M&M’s and Snickers, things they needed and things they didn’t. Instead of feeling thrilled about my upcoming eighteenth birthday, I felt empty. I wished my mom would send me something, too, but I knew that she couldn’t afford presents or the postage. She had done her best with my sister and me — raising us by herself. The simple truth was there just was never enough money.

But that didn’t stop her from filling us with dreams. “You can be anything you want to be,” she would tell us. “Politicians, dancers, writers — you just have to work for it; you have to get an education.”

Thanks to my mom’s sacrifices and big dreams, I’d made it to the Ivy League: Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island.

As I was recalling these things, my roommate joined me on the bed. “Hey. After we study, let’s buy ice cream and cake.” I nodded, closed my eyes, and imagined the cake Mom would have made. Mmm. I could see the golden yellow of each of the twelve eggs, and I could almost smell the vanilla(香草) filling the house while the cake baked.

注意：

1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

Paragraph 1

As I daydreamed, there was a knock on the door.                                                 

Paragraph 2

How had she managed to afford it?                                                               

2022-2023-1雅礼中学高二上期中考试

（参考答案）

第一部分  听力  略

第二部分  阅读

第一节  短文理解

21—23   ABD  24—27   CBDA

28—31   BCDB  32—35   BDAD

第二节  七选五

36—40   FGDCB

第三部分  语言运用

第一节  完形填空

41—45   BCDAD  46—50   ADACB

51—55   ADBBC  

第二节  语法填空

56. was struck      57. it   

58. featuring  59. remarkably   

60. that      61. beneficial

62. published   63. than

64. is struck      65. heating

66. that / which  67. flashes

68. a  69. naturally

70. to

第四部分  写作

第一节  

Dear Sam,

I’m very glad to know that you’re interested in Chinese culture, especially Tang poetry. As you know, Tang poetry is a very important literary form which enjoys great popularity in China. They represent the traditional Chinese culture and are popular all over the world.

As the golden age of poems, the Tang Dynasty produced many outstanding poets, among whom Li Bai, Du Fu, and Bai Juyi were the most well-known in history. When it comes to poems, you’d better grasp the meaning firstly, then try to recite the whole poem. If you choose the right method and work hard, your learning ability can be improved.

Welcome to China and I’m looking forward to your view about the Tang poems.

Yours,

Li Hua

第二节 

One possible version 1:

As I daydreamed, there was a knock on the door. Empty and frustrated, I went straight to open the door, not paying much attention. However, the moment I opened the door, standing in front of me was a man holding a big box together with a bag of snacks. “Here are the things for you!”, the man said. Feeling confused, I couldn’t wait to unfold the box to find what it was. To my surprise, inside was a well-designed birthday cake with a card saying “Happy Birthday, My boy!”. I just couldn’t believe it was from my Mom.

How had she managed to afford it? Feeling curious, I reached for my phone to call my mom. Suddenly, I noticed a message from my mom reading, “Wherever we are, we will never forget such a big day! But sorry for not being able to share the day with you. Just enjoy the day with your roommates.” Before I knew it, tears had already welled up my eyes. It was at that moment that I ultimately came to realize that no matter how far we are from each other, mother’s unfailing love towards their children will never fade.

One possible version 2:

As I daydreamed, there was a knock on the door. As I opened my eyelids unwillingly, a classmate hurried in carrying a large package with excitement written on her face and placed it on my lap. “It’s a gift for you from your mother. Astonished and amazed, I carefully unwrapped it and came to realize that it was my dream birthday cake. Perfectly baked and packed, the golden eggs glistened like diamonds in the light and the fragrance of vanilla gently reached my nose. I heard my roommate gasp, “You’re so lucky!” However, I just stared at it with disbelief, absorbed in puzzlement.

How had she managed to afford it? Carefully examining the package, I caught sight of an envelope written in mom’s hand. Pulling it out, I noticed the words reading, “I have been saving money for years to afford the package for your 18th birthday. It is never too expensive to motivate you to pursue your dreams. Satisfying your wish is the utmost pleasure in life.” With tears glistening in my eyes, my hands trembled. From the unforgettable experience, I was motivated to focus most my attention on the realization of my dreams, to fully live up to the expectations of the person second to none in my life — my mother.