(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 选择性必修第1册　Unit 5 Working the Land (含答案)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 选择性必修第1册　Unit 5 Working the Land (含答案)，共12页。




教材词汇要记牢
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
1．yield n．产量；产出 vt.出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服；让步
2．domestic adj.本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的
3．strain n．(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力
4．envision vt.展望；想象
5．sorghum n．高粱；高粱米
6．broom n．扫把；扫帚；金雀花
7．fertiliser(NAmE -izer) n．肥料
8．crisis n．(pl.crises)危机；危急关头
9．characteristic n．特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的
10．conventional adj.传统的；习惯的
11．comprise vt.包括；包含；由……组成
12．celebrity n．名望；名誉；名人；名流
13．grain n．谷物；谷粒；颗粒
14．urban adj.城市的；都市的；城镇的
15．bomb n．炸弹 vt.轰炸；对……投炸弹
16．tunnel n．地下通道；地道；隧道
17．flavour(NAmE -vor) n．味道；特点；特色
18．organic adj.有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的
19．grocery n．食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货
20．aspect n．方面；层面
21．alleviate vt.减轻；缓解
22．poverty n．贫穷；贫困
23．pesticide n．杀虫剂；除害药物
24．bacterium n．(pl. bacteria)细菌
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1．tackle vt.解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理
2．shortage n．不足；缺少；短缺
3．boost vt.使增长；使兴旺n.增长；提高；激励
4．attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到
5．intense adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的
6．overcome vt.(overcame，overcome)克服；解决；战胜
7．expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加 vt.扩展；发展(业务)
8．output n．产量；输出；输出量 vt.(output，output) 输出
9．estimate vt.估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算
10．generate vt.产生；引起
11．leisure n．闲暇；休闲；空闲
12．soil n．泥土；土壤；国土；领土
13．vision n．想象；视力；视野；影像
14．reality n．现实；实际情况；事实
15．wheat n．小麦；小麦籽
16．widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的
17．digest vt.& vi.消化 vt.领会；领悟 n．摘要；文摘
18．essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的
19．mineral n．矿物；矿物质
20．alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的
21．instance n．例子；实例；事例
22．root n．根；根茎；根部；根源
23．entirely adv.全部地；完整地；完全地
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1．devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devotion n．献身；忠诚；热爱
2．convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincing adj.有说服力的；使人信服的→convinced adj.确信的；坚信的
3．assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→assume v．假定；设想→assuming conj.假定；假设
4．consumption n．消耗；消耗量；消费→consume vt.消耗；消费；吃；喝→consumer n．消费者；用户；客户
5．salty adj.含盐的；咸的→salt n．盐
6．extension n．扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→extend vt.伸开；展开；延伸
7．chemical adj.与化学有关的；化学的 n．化学制品；化学品→chemistry n．化学
8．nutritional adj.营养(物)的→nutritious adj.有营养的；营养丰富的→nutrition n．营养；滋养
9．depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj.深的→deepen vt.加深；(使)变深
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．devote...to把……用于；献身；致力；专心
2．be comprised of包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)
3．deep down在内心深处；本质上；实际上
4．in turn相应地；转而；依次；轮流
5．for instance例如；比如
高频词汇来助力
1．hesitate vt.犹豫；踌躇
2．hopeless adj.没有希望的；绝望的
3．horrible adj.令人恐惧的；恐怖的
4．humor n．幽默，幽默感
5．humorous adj.幽默的
6．hurricane n．飓风；十二级风
7．ideal adj.理想的；美好的
8．identification n．鉴定；识别
经典句式需悟通
1．Indeed，his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he has devoted his life.
确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千百万中国农民一样。
2．However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.
然而，他最担忧的是农民们的收成不好，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。
3．Given that Yuan’s hybrids have made him quite wealthy，one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.
鉴于袁隆平的杂交水稻品种已经让他变得相当富有，有的人可能认为，他会退休过一种休闲的生活。
4．Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains，and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.
据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。


Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共6分)
1．domestic adj.本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的
2．envision vt.展望；想象
3．broom n．扫把；扫帚；金雀花
4．fertiliser n．肥料
5．alleviate vt.减轻；缓解
6．poverty n．贫穷；贫困
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共24分)
7．tackle vt.解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理
8．shortage n．不足；缺少；短缺
9．boost vt.使增长；使兴旺n.增长；提高；激励
10．intense adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的
11．overcome vt.克服；解决；战胜
12．estimate vt.估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算
13．generate vt.产生；引起
14．leisure n．闲暇；休闲；空闲
15．vision n．想象；视力；视野；影像
16．reality n．现实；实际情况；事实
17．alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的
18．essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)
19．devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devotion n．献身；忠诚；热爱
20．convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincing adj.有说服力的；使人信服的→convinced adj.确信的；坚信的
21．assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→assume v．假定；设想→assuming conj.假定；假设
22．chemical adj.与化学有关的；化学的 n．化学制品；化学品→chemistry n．化学
23．depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj.深的→deepen vt.加深；(使)变深
Ⅳ.高频词汇(每小题2分，共10分)
24．hesitate vt.犹豫；踌躇
25．horrible adj.令人恐惧的；恐怖的
26．humor n．幽默，幽默感
27．hurricane n．飓风；十二级风
28．ideal adj.理想的；美好的
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
29．devote...to把……用于；献身；致力；专心
30．be comprised of包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)
31．deep down在内心深处；本质上；实际上
32．in turn相应地；转而；依次；轮流
33．for instance例如；比如

Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词) (每小题1分，共10分)
1．There isn’t a shortage of carrots，so everybody doesn’t bother to grow them in their gardens.
2．To my amazement，his opinion is similar to mine in many aspects.
3．I will try my best to overcome the barriers I come across and I will never give up.
4．In reality，nothing can break down the deep misunderstanding between us.
5．In order to expand(增加) my knowledge of Tianjin，such as its history，tradition and food，I spend every spare moment I have in the library.
6．Judging by the boss’s tone，he was entirely(完全地) satisfied with what the workers had done.
7．Good nutrition is essential(必要的) if patients are to make a quick recovery.
8．Have you digested(领会) everything that is important in the book?
9．It is estimated(估计) that the stupid boy can’t find an appropriate way to get out of the trap.
10．Our class is comprised of 30 boys and 25 girls，all of whom demonstrate respect to teachers.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空) (每小题2分，共10分)
11．He is so devoted to his English teaching that everyone admires him for his devotion.(devote)
12．His convincing argument convinced me of the truth of the story.In other words，I was convinced of the story.(convince)
13．By contrast，consumers in the developed countries consume the most energy in the world.(consume)
14．If you study chemistry，you will witness thrilling chemical reactions in experiments.(chemical)
15．We will discuss the problem in depth to deepen our understanding so that we can tackle it easily.(depth)
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共20分)
16．在漆黑的街道上没有一个她可以求助的人。(定语从句)
In the dark street there was not a single person to whom she could turn for help.
17．给我留下深刻印象的是，每当我遇到困难，我的叔叔都会激励我坚持我的梦想。(what引导的主语从句，that引导的表语从句)
What impresses me most is that my uncle will always motivate me to stick to my dream whenever I come across difficulties.
18．鉴于你对中国传统文化如此感兴趣，我邀请你参加我们学校的文化艺术节。(given that...)
Given that you are so interested in Chinese traditional culture，I invite you to take part in the Culture and Art Festival in our school.
19．据估计全市人口大约有一百万。(it作形式主语)
It is estimated that the population of the whole city is about one million.

Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
1．Known(know) as the “father of hybrid rice”，Yuan Longping still considers himself to be a farmer.When he was young,2.what concerned him most was farmers’ 3.shortage(short) of food to eat，and as a consequence，he had a preference to study agriculture at college.After graduating in 1953，he worked as a researcher and was devoted to 4.creating(create) a kind of hybrid rice，which could attain a 5.higher(high) yield.In 1974，he succeeded in making it 6.a reality.Today，about 60% of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops 7.generated(generate) from his hybrid strains，for which he has received numerous awards at home and abroad.But the humorous old “farmer”，caring little 8.for celebrity or money，is still leading a simple life.Despite his 9.advanced(advance) years，he is trying 10.to accomplish(accomplish) his dreams of getting rid of hunger.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分

Chemical farming is simply farming with chemical pesticides and artificial fertilizers，which will harm both the land and people’s health in the long term.1.Digesting such crops which are not rich in 2.nutrition will make people ill and even cause cancer.As an 3.alternative，farmers can switch to organic farming without using any chemicals.Then what methods will organic farmers 4.employ to produce rich soil? For instance，some of them plant diverse crops that will use different 5.depths of soil.Which kind of farming do you prefer？

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于(常与介词to连用)
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)If you are a student，do devote yourself to digesting(digest) your teachers’ instruction until you fully understand it.
(2)Devoted(devote) to attaining a doctor’s degree，he spares no effort to study every day.
•devote...to (doing) sth.把……奉献给；把……专注于
devote oneself to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事；献身于(做)某事
•devoted adj.深爱的；忠诚的
be devoted to (doing) sth.专心于(做)某事；致力于(做)某事
•devotion n．关爱；奉献

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)我最崇拜的人是我的英语老师，他致力于教学。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
①The person I admire most is my English teacher devoted to his teaching.(过去分词短语作定语)
②The person I admire most is my English teacher who/that devotes himself to his teaching.(定语从句)
convince vt.使信服；使确信；说服
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)We have been trying to convince him to tackle(tackle) the problem in this way in the past few days.
(2)I’m not completely convinced(convince) that he has the determination to overcome the difficulty.
(3)His speech was so convincing(convince) that everyone present entirely believed what he said.
•convince sb.of sth.使某人确信/明白某事
convince sb.that...使某人相信……
convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事
•convinced adj.确信的；坚信的
be convinced (that...)/of...(某人)坚信……
•convincing adj.令人信服的

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(4)我深信我能胜任这份工作，如果有幸得到这个职位，我将尽最大努力履行职责。(应用文之申请信)
I am greatly convinced that I am qualified for this job and I will perform my duties to the best of my ability if I am lucky enough to get the position.
assumption n.假定，假设；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)We are working on the assumption that everyone has the ability to tackle difficult problems.
(2)They assumed her to be(be) the best singer of their time.
•on the assumption that...假定……
make an assumption作出臆断
•assume v．假定；设想；承担；假装
assume sb./sth.(to be)＋adj./n.假定/认为某人/某事(为)……
•It is generally assumed that...人们普遍认为……
•assuming (that)...假设……

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/句式升级·背诵
(3)假如我被选为学生会主席，我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动，丰富我们的学校生活。
Assuming that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Union，I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life.
(4)(简单表达)People assume that drinking Chinese tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory.
(高级表达)It is generally assumed that not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh ourselves but also it can strengthen our memory.(用it作形式主语，not only...but also的倒装句改写)
alternative n．可供选择的事物
adj.可供替代的；非传统的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)In order to reduce pollution，we human beings have no alternative but to choose(choose) some clean resources.For example，solar energy is an alternative to fossil fuel.
(2)I could come to your house，or alternatively(alternative)，we could meet in town.
•have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事
an alternative to ……的替代品
•alternatively adv.可供选择地


再提能力——完美写作·词汇升级·背诵
(3)(简单表达)Faced with COVID-19，we have no choice but to stay at home to alleviate the serious situation.
(高级表达)Faced with COVID-19，we have no alternative but to stay at home to alleviate the serious situation.
in turn转而；相应地；反过来；依次；轮流
•by turns轮流
•take turns to do/(in) doing sth.轮流做某事
•It is one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事

能力提升——根据句意用turn短语的正确形式填空
Some student representatives took turns to deliver speeches at the coming-of-age ceremony.Finally，it was my turn.Personally，in the past it was our parents and teachers that helped us in many aspects and in turn，we should give a helping hand to them from now on.
(改编自2020·天津，书面表达)
given that＋从句
Given that Yuan’s hybrids have made him quite wealthy，one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.鉴于袁隆平的杂交水稻品种已经让他变得相当富有，有的人可能认为，他会退休过一种休闲的生活。
given that＋从句，用来标记已知事实，表示“鉴于、考虑到”。

能力提升——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(1)鉴于您对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣，我写信向您介绍端午节。(应用文之传统文化)
Given that you are keen on the Chinese traditional festival，Dragon Boat Festival，I am writing to introduce it to you.
(2)鉴于没有人帮他与恶狼作斗争，他立即从自行车上下来，并且抓牢自行车，用尽全力把它扔向狼，试图把狼吓跑。(读后续写之肢体动作描写)
Given that there was nobody to help him fight against the fierce wolf，he instantly got off the bike，seized the bike tightly and threw it towards the wolf with all his strength，trying to frighten it away.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅰ.熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．I haven’t entirely digested what he said just now.领悟
2．In the final game Sweden easily overcame France.战胜
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．I think we should devote much more time to adjusting(adjust) to the new environment.
2．I found his speech convincing(convince) and he would call on more people to take regular exercise.
3．My assessments were based on the assumption(assume) that house prices would remain steady.
4．There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain that we had no alternative but to wait(wait)．
5．The change of the climate makes the earth warmer.In turn，the warmth of the earth changes the climate，too.
6．It is essential that he (should) get(get) some reliable information before making inferences.
7．A shortage(short) of experience caused us to assess what had happened in an incorrect way.
8．Assuming(assume) that I do the job，I will perform it in an entirely new way.
9．Nobody can prevent me putting my plan into reality(real)．
10．What made me thrilled was that I could distinguish between this kind of flower and another one.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
1．据估计，英国人80%的英语会话是闲聊。(it作形式主语)
It is estimated that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.
2．我想向您投诉的是我在网上买的书印刷差，闻起来也难闻。(what引导的主语从句；that引导的表语从句)(应用文之投诉信)
What I am to complain about is that the books I bought online are poorly printed and smell terrible.
3．鉴于高三学生即将毕业，昨天学生会组织了爱心义卖活动(charity sale)，以较低的价格出售各种旧书和二手物品。(given that)
Given that Senior Three students were to graduate，a charity sale was organized by the Student Association yesterday to sell various used books and second-hand goods at a lower price.
4．这次爱心义卖活动包括开幕式、卖东西和闭幕式。(be comprised of)
The charity sale was comprised of the opening ceremony，the selling of objects and the closing ceremony.
5．这次爱心义卖活动不仅吸引了大量的学生，而且许多老师也积极参加。(not only...but also的倒装)
Not only did the charity sale appeal to many students but also many teachers took an active part in it.




请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：主语从句)

Our class is comprised of thirty students from the countryside.All of us envision ourselves attaining respectful jobs in urban cities in the near future.The dream is rooted in our heart.We are greatly 1.convinced that being entirely devoted to our study can boost our confidence in tackling problems we come across.Certainly，it is essential that we shouldn’t 2.yield to difficulties.The instant we can’t digest what the teacher says in class，we will be overcome with sorrow，but we have alternative methods to 3.alleviate our frustration.For instance，we will buy nutritious foods in a grocery store to distract our attention，although we have a shortage of money.On the assumption that we always have such an intense interest in study，we can definitely put our dreams into 4.reality，which in turn can enable us to live a better life that we have been looking forward to.

练基础——单句语法填空
1．Who will bring up the children hasn’t been decided yet.
2．What impressed us most was the beauty of the scenes.
3．It remains to be seen whether he will be in time for the meeting.
技巧一点通
在主从复合句中充当主语的从句叫主语从句，其引导词有：从属连词that，whether；连接代词whom，who，what，which，whose，whatever，whichever；连接副词where，why，when，how。主语从句应为陈述语序，即：连接词＋主语＋谓语。

提能力——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
首先我想强调的是，下周六上午9：00，我们将在教学楼的802教室开始我们的下节课。你有必要提前至少五分钟到达教室。
To start with，what I intend to stress is that we are about to start our next lesson in Classroom 802 of the teaching building at nine a．m.next Saturday.It is necessary that you should arrive at the classroom ahead of schedule for at least five minutes.