(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 选择性必修第2册　Unit 5 First Aid (含答案)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 选择性必修第2册　Unit 5 First Aid (含答案)，共12页。




教材词汇要记牢
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
1．leaflet n．散页印刷品；传单；小册子
2．toxin n．毒素(尤指细菌产生的致病物质)
3．layer n．层；表层；层次
4．swollen adj.(身体部位)肿起的；肿胀的
5．swell vi.(swelled，swollen)膨胀，肿胀
6．blister n．(皮肤上因摩擦、烫伤等引起的)水疱；(金属等表面的)气泡、水泡
7．underneath prep.& adv.在……底下；隐藏在下面
8．nerve n．神经
9．paramedic n．急救医生；护理人员
10．swallow vt.& vi.吞下；咽下
11．bathtub n．浴缸；浴盆
12．drown vi.& vt.(使)淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没
13．sprain vt.扭伤(关节) n．扭伤
14．diner n．(尤指餐馆的)就餐者
15．throat n．咽喉；喉咙
16．organ n．(人或动植物的)器官
17．ray n．光线；光束；(热、电等)射线
18．radiation n．辐射；放射线
19．acid n．酸 adj.酸的；酸性的
20．millimetre n．毫米；千分之一米
21．fabric n．织物；布料；(社会、机构等的)结构
22．mosquito n．(pl.-oes，-os)蚊子
23．IV needle静脉注射针
24．ward n．病房
25．ankle n．踝；踝关节
26．motion n．运动；移动
27．membership n．会员身份；全体会员；会员人数
28．slap vt.(用手掌)打、拍 n．(用手掌)打、拍；拍击声
29．obstruction n．阻碍；堵塞；阻塞物
30．manual n．使用手册；说明书 adj.用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1．technique n．技能；技术；技艺
2．victim n．受害者；患者
3．loose adj.松的；未系紧的；宽松的
4．ease vi.& vt.使(宽慰)；减轻；缓解 n．容易；舒适；自在
5．wrap vt.包，裹；(用手臂等)围住
6．bath n．洗澡；(BrE＝bathtub)浴缸；浴盆；洗澡水 vt.(NAmE＝bathe)给……洗澡
7．slip vi.滑倒；滑落；溜走 n．滑倒；小错误；纸条
8．elderly adj.年纪较大的；上了年纪的
9．carpet n．地毯
10．ambulance n．救护车
11．delay vi.& vt.推迟；延期(做某事) vt.耽误；耽搁 n．延误；耽搁(的时间)；推迟
12．needle n．针；缝衣针；注射针；指针
13．panic vi.& vt.(使)惊慌 n．惊恐；恐慌
14．scream vi.& vt.(因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫 n．尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音
15．fellow adj.同类的；同事的；同伴的；同情况的 n．男人；家伙；同事；同辈；同类
16．choke vi.& vt.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽
17．steak n．牛排；肉排
18．desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的
19．fist n．拳；拳头
20．grab vt.抓住；攫取 n．抓取；抢夺
21．welfare n．幸福；福祉；安康；福利
22．collapse vi.(突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒
23．suburb n．郊区；城外

Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1．minor adj.较小的；次要的；轻微的→minority n．少数；少数民族
2．electric adj.电的；用电的；电动的→electrical adj.与电有关的→electricity n．电；电学
3．urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的→urge vt.力劝；敦促；强烈要求 n．强烈的愿望
4．operator n．电话接线员；操作员→operate vt.操作；运转；动手术→operation n．运转；手术
5．bleeding n．流血；失血→bleed vi.(bled，bled)流血；失血→blood n．血液；血
6．interrupt vi.& vt.打断；打扰 vt.使暂停；使中断→interruption n．打扰
7．practical adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的→practice n．练习；实践；惯例→practically adv.几乎；差不多；实际上
8．tightly adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→tight adj.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的 adv.紧紧地；牢固地→tighten vt.(使)变紧；(使)加紧
9．justify vt.证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由→justice n．正义；公正
10．foggy adj.有雾的→fog n．雾
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．sense of touch触觉
2．electric shock触电；电击
3．help sb.to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来
4．vital sign生命体征
5．face up/down面朝上(朝下)
6．sleep in迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉
7．out of shape健康状况不好
8．mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing口对口人工呼吸
高频词汇来助力
1．kidnap vt.& n．拐走；绑架
2．kindergarten n．幼儿园
3．kitchen n．厨房
4．knowledge n．知识；学问
5．landscape n．风景；景色
6．lame adj.跛的；瘸的；残废的
7．laughter n．笑；笑声
8．launch vt.发射；发起(运动)
经典句式需悟通
1．As you can imagine，getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.
正如你能想象的，被灼烧可能会导致非常严重的损伤。
2．You can get burnt by a variety of things：...
你可能会被各种各样的东西烧伤：……
3．Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary，unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.
如有必要，用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服，除非你看到衣服与被烧伤的皮肤粘连在一起。
4．Chen Wei，a high school student in Beijing，had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.
陈伟是北京的一个高中生，当他听到另一个桌子的一个人正在尖叫时，他停下了吃饭。
5．They suggested he eat more slowly and take smaller bites before they left.
离开前，他们建议他吃饭要细嚼慢咽，小口进食。


Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共7分)
1．layer n．层；表层；层次
2．swallow vt.& vi.吞下；咽下
3．drown vi.& vt.(使)淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没
4．throat n．咽喉；喉咙
5．membership n．会员身份；全体会员；会员人数
6．ankle n．踝；踝关节
7．manual n．使用手册；说明书 adj.用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共9分)
8．technique n．技能；技术；技艺
9．victim n．受害者；患者
10．loose adj.松的；未系紧的；宽松的
11．ease vi.& vt.使(宽慰)；减轻；缓解 n．容易；舒适；自在
12．wrap vt.包、裹；(用手臂等)围住
13．elderly adj.年纪较大的；上了年纪的
14．ambulance n．救护车
15．panic vi.& vt.(使)惊慌 n．惊恐；恐慌
16．desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共12分)
17．minor adj.较小的；次要的；轻微的→minority n．少数；少数民族
18．urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的→urge vt.力劝；敦促；强烈要求 n．强烈的愿望
19．operator n．电话接线员；操作员→operate vt.操作；运转；动手术→operation n．运转；手术
20．interrupt vi.& vt.打断；打扰 vt.使暂停；使中断→interruption n．打扰
21．practical adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的→practice n．练习；实践；惯例→practically adv.几乎；差不多；实际上
22．tightly adv.紧紧地；牢固地→tight adj.牢固的；紧身的 adv.紧紧地；牢固地→tighten vt.(使)变紧；(使)加紧
Ⅳ.高频词汇(每小题2分，共10分)
23．kidnap vt.& n．拐走；绑架
24．kitchen n．厨房
25．knowledge n．知识；学问
26．landscape n．风景；景色
27．launch vt.发射；发起(运动)
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题3分，共12分)
28．help sb.to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来
29．face up/down面朝上(朝下)
30．sleep in迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉
31．out of shape健康状况不好

Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)
1．He was desperate for a job for he had been out of work for two years.
2．Jack cleared his throat and spoke in low，polite tones to the rest of the students.
3．We can offer you practical suggestions on how to increase the fibre in your daily diet.
4．Last night a boy was drowned in the river，which made his parents heart-broken.
5．Women were screaming(尖叫) because some of the houses near the bridge were on fire.
6．When eating breakfast in a hurry，he choked(噎住) on a piece of toast.
7．Faced with so many angry people，he had to justify(为……辩护) himself for his behaviour.
8．If a tooth feels very loose(松的)，your dentist may recommend that it be taken out.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．It is certain that the electrical engineer has a good knowledge of electricity.(electric)
10．My boss urges me to deal with the most urgent matters every day.(urgent)
11．The doctor has just operated on the girl and the operation is quite successful.(operate)
12．His finger cut by the knife was bleeding and he lost much blood.(blood)
13．Will you stop interrupting me when I am talking? Your interruption upsets my mind.(interrupt)
14．Practically he practiced learning practical knowledge and tried to put it into practice.(practical)
15．Not having seen me for many years，he hugged me tightly(tight) when we met again.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共20分)
16．正如一句古老谚语所说，“有志者事竟成。”(as引导的非限制性定语从句)
As an old saying goes，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”
17．不幸的是，我们在人群中被分开了。(get done)
Unfortunately，we got separated in the crowd.
18．除非被邀请，否则我不会参加晚会。(unless)
I won’t attend the party unless (I am) invited.
19．我强烈建议你多读中国历史方面的书籍。(suggest)
I strongly suggest that you (should) read more books on Chinese history.
20．我听到一条河在附近流淌。(hear＋宾语＋宾补)
I heard a river flowing nearby.

Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
As you know，the skin is 1.an essential part of your body which acts 2.as a barrier against disease，toxins，and the sun’s rays.3.It also helps control your body temperature，prevents your body from losing too much water,4.warns(warn) you when things are too hot or cold，and gives you your sense of touch.So getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.The first and most important step in the 5.treatment(treat) of burns is giving first aid.
You can get 6.burnt(burn) by various things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity，acids，or many other chemicals.Burns are divided into three types，which 7.are called(call) first-，second-，or third-degree burns,8.depending(depend) on the depth of skin damage.Different degree 9.burns(burn) can be treated 10.differently(different)．Let’s keep these things in mind.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分

Chen Wei，a high school student in Beijing，had his dinner 1.interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.A fellow diner，Zhang Tao，was 2.choking on some steak and his 3.desperate friends were slapping him on the back.Chen instantly rushed to help Zhang to his feet and performed the 4.practical Heimlich manoeuvre.Chen stood behind Zhang，wrapping his arms around Zhang’s waist.Chen made a 5.fist with one hand and placed it in the upper part of his stomach.Grabbing his fist with another hand tightly，Chen pushed up and into Zhang’s stomach in one 6.motion.Finally，the obstruction was forced out.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
ease n．容易；舒适；自在
vt.& vi.减轻；缓解；使安心；(使)宽慰
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中ease的词性及汉语意思
(1)As we expected，he settled the minor problem with ease.n.容易
(2)I was not entirely at ease with the fellow diner who liked making jokes.n.自在
(3)I eased her mind by telling her that her skin was slightly swollen.v.使安心
with ease容易地；不费力地
at ease舒适；悠闲；自在
put/set sb.at ease使某人放松/自在

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(4)打篮球是缓解我们巨大学习压力的最好方法，同时也能找到一些乐趣。(写作话题之体育)
Playing basketball serves as the best way to ease our great study pressure and find some pleasure at the same time.
(5)如果你每天坚持用英语写日记，你会很容易提高你的书面英语。(写作话题之语言学习)
①If you insist on keeping diaries in English every day，you can improve your written English with ease.
②Insist on keeping diaries in English every day，and you can improve your written English with ease.(用“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”改写)
panic vi.& vt.(panicked；panicked；panicking)(使)惊慌
n．惊慌；惊恐
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)The big fire panicked the operator into jumping from the third floor to the ground.
(2)When people heard the urgent news，they fled the village in panic.
•panic sb.into doing sth.使某人仓惶行事
•get into a panic陷入恐慌
in panic惊慌失措地；处在恐慌中

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)听完他的描述，所有人都陷入了恐慌。
After hearing his description，all the people got into a panic.
desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中desperate的汉语意思
(1)The paramedic says this would be the final，desperate approach.孤注一掷的
(2)He was so desperate for a job that he would have done anything.非常需要的
(3)I decided to hug Tom tightly when he was in such a desperate position.绝望的
•be desperate for sth.渴望某物
be desperate to do sth.渴望做某事
•desperately adv.绝望地；拼命地；极严重地；非常需要
•“渴望某物/做某事”的短语还有：
be eager for sth./to do sth.
be anxious for sth./to do sth.
long for sth./to do sth.
desire for sth./to do sth.
be dying for sth./to do sth.

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(4)看到考试的结果，我是如此绝望，以至于我感觉好像被扔进了黑暗的世界。(读后续写之绝望心理描写)
①Seeing the result of the exam，I was so desperate that I felt as if I were thrown into a world of darkness.
②Seeing the result of the exam，so desperate was I that I felt as if I were thrown into a world of darkness.(倒装句)
(5)我渴望有机会成为一名志愿者。我的确希望您给我这个宝贵的机会。
①I am desperate for the chance to be a volunteer.I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity.
②Desperate for the chance to be a volunteer，I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity.(形容词短语作状语)
help sb.to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
rise to one’s feet站起来；起身
jump to one’s feet跳起来
drag one’s feet拖着脚
stamp one’s feet跺脚

能力提升——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(1)看到那个男孩摔倒了，我冲过去帮他站起来。
Seeing the boy fall down，I rushed to help him to his feet.
(2)打篮球时这孩子的腿受伤了，但是他挣扎着站了起来。
While playing basketball，the boy’s leg got injured，but he struggled to his feet.
(3)来宾进来时，请大家站起来以显示我们的礼貌。
When visitors come in，please rise to our feet to show our politeness.
face down/up面朝下/上
be faced with面临
in (the) face of面对
lose face丢面子
make a face (at) 皱眉头；做苦相；做鬼脸

能力提升——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
面对巨大的挑战，我最好的朋友永远不会放弃，直到她最终成功。
(1)In (the) face of great challenges，my best friend will never give up until she finally succeeds.
(2)Facing great challenges，my best friend will never give up until she finally succeeds.
(3)Faced with great challenges，my best friend will never give up until she finally succeeds.
out of shape健康状况不好；变形
in good/bad shape健康状况良好/不佳
keep/be in shape保持健康
in the shape of以……的形状/形式

能力提升——根据句意用shape短语的正确形式填空
(1)You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of shape.
(2)I hadn’t been training for months and was really out of shape.
(3)She jogs for an hour every morning to keep/be in shape.
(4)Some lanterns are in the shape of fruits and they look beautiful.
as引导的非限制性定语从句
As you can imagine，getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.正如你能想象的，被灼烧可能会导致非常严重的损伤。
•本句中的as引导非限制性定语从句，来代替后面整个句子的内容。as引导非限制性定语从句时，常在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，从句可位于句首、句中或句末。
•as引导定语从句的常用句式有：
as is known to us all/as we all know众所周知
as we can see正如我们所看到的
as is reported正如报道的那样
as is often the case这是常有的事
as is mentioned above正如上面所提到的

能力提升——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(1)我们能够从历史中找到一些问题的解决方法，这是常有的事。
As is often the case，we can probably find solutions to some problems from history.
(2)众所周知，兴趣是最好的老师。
①As is known to us all/As we all know，interest is the best teacher.(as引导的非限制性定语从句)
②What is known to us all is that interest is the best teacher.(what引导的主语从句)
③It is known to us all that interest is the best teacher.(it作形式主语)

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅰ.熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．Money was always tight，but we had a roof over our heads.(经济)紧张的
2．His ideas on this topic are a bit foggy.模糊的
3．I swallowed my pride and asked someone at the bus stop for help.抑制
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．He presented me with a bunch of flowers and then we hugged each other tightly(tight)．
2．He reached out a hand，grabbed(grab) her arm and dragged her back.
3．The photographer was desperate to achieve(achieve) his goal to win others’ respect.
4．He wrapped(wrap) his arms around me and whispered，“Everything will be OK.”
5．Amy slipped(slip) downstairs，tiptoed out of the house and disappeared into the darkness.
(读后续写之肢体动作描写)
6．He delayed taking(take) immediate action and missed a precious chance.
7．Whenever some problems arose，he was bound to chat with me continually to ease(ease) my nervousness.
8．Every time you panicked(panic)，you’d better take a deep breath and try to relax yourself.
9．What astonishes me most is that he is out of shape now because of years of hard work.
10．A student interrupted(interrupt) me in class by asking me a question contrary to my requirement.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
(写作话题之人际关系)
1．昨天我听见你和你同学吵架。(hear sb.doing)
I heard you quarreling with your classmate yesterday.
2．我强烈建议你们俩冷静下来。(suggest)
I strongly suggest that you both should keep calm.
3．除非你们面对面地彼此交流，否则，你们之间的误解不会解决。(unless)
The misunderstanding between you won’t be settled unless both of you communicate with each other face to face.
4．另外，如果你们设身处地为彼此着想，你们的分歧也能够被解决。(get done)
Besides，your disagreements can also get handled if you put yourselves into each other’s shoes.
5．众所周知，彼此的理解可以融化对方心中的坚冰。(as引导的非限制性定语从句)
As is known to us all/As we all know，mutual understanding can melt the ice in each other’s heart.

请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：动词-ing形式)

Many leaflets and manuals offer practical techniques on first aid，which state that calling emergency numbers without 1.delay is the first step.But before paramedics in the ambulance come，you can save yourself or look after others’ welfare by using first aid.If you get burned by radiation，acids or other chemicals，don’t 2.panic or scream.Instead，remove any clothes unless you see fabric sticking to the burned skin.Then wash it under the running water.With your skin swollen and full of blisters or with your nerves damaged，there is an 3.urgent need to rush to hospital.Swallowing foods too quickly can cause you to get 4.choked on steak，toast or anything else with ease.Then，people around you can slap on your back，forcing the obstruction out.As for a 5.bleeding nose，neither should you keep your face up，nor should you press the nose tightly.You can use the mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing method to save a drowned man.You can apply cold water to the sprained ankle.All in all，learning some first aid makes a great difference.

练基础——分别写出黑体部分在句子中所作的成分
1．He stood there with crossed arms，looking angry.状语
2．He felt his cheeks burning with shame.补语
3．Being lost in the forest made me very worried.主语
4．The meeting being held now is of great significance.定语
5．My job is teaching English in a high school.表语
6．He insisted on accompanying me to the training center.宾语
技巧一点通
doing可以在句子中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语，其完成时态是having done，完成被动语态是having been done。

提能力——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
看到一只凶猛的熊在咬栅栏，我感到我的心提到了嗓子眼。不知道如何对付它，我丈夫和我僵在那里，不能说一句话。突然我丈夫想起喷胡椒喷剂(the pepper spray)能够吓走熊。幸运的是，熊停止咬栅栏，愤怒地走开了。(2020·浙江，读后续写)
Seeing a fierce bear biting the fence，I felt as if my heart were in my mouth.Not knowing how to deal with it，my husband and I were rooted to the spot，unable to speak a word.Suddenly it hit my husband that spraying the pepper spray could frighten the bear away.Luckily，the bear stopped biting the fence and walked away angrily.