- Unit 1 Science and Scientists Section A Reading and Thinking(学案)-2022-2023学年高二英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第二册 学案 1 次下载
- Unit 1 Science and Scientists Section C Using Language & Assessing Your Progress(学案)-2022-2023学年高二英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第二册 学案 2 次下载
- Unit 2 Bridging Cultures Section A Reading and Thinking(学案)-2022-2023学年高二英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第二册 学案 1 次下载
- Unit 2 Bridging Cultures Section B Learning about Language(学案)-2022-2023学年高二英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第二册 学案 1 次下载
- Unit 2 Bridging Cultures Section C Using Language & Assessing Your Progress(学案)-2022-2023学年高二英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第二册 学案 2 次下载
高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists学案及答案
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Unit 1 Science and Scientists
Section B Learning about Language 学案
学习目标
1、学会本节单词、短语。
2、掌握本节语法重点。
语法解析
名词性从句——表语从句
表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在连系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem等。
1.连接词
类别 | 连接词 | 例句 |
从属连词 | that不作句子成分,也没有意义,通常不可省略 | My suggestion is that you should have patience. 我的建 议是你应该有耐心。 |
whether 不作句子成分,但有“是否”的意义,一般不用if代替 | The question is whether we can cut down the costs of the product. 问题是我们能否降低产品成本。 | |
because, as if/through等 | He has to watch his weight. That is because he has heart disease.他不得不注意自己的体重,那是因为他有心脏病。 It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 听起来 好像有人在敲门。 | |
连接代词 | who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever等。在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 | The problem is who can complete the difficult task. 问题是谁能完成这项困难的任务。 This is just what we are always looking forward to. 这正是我们一直盼望着的。 |
连接副词 | when, where, why, how等。在从句中作状语 | That is where he was born and brought up. 那就是他出生和被养大的地方。 Their difficulty is how they can clear their debts. 他们的困难是怎样才能还清债务。 |
2. 需要注意的问题
①as if/though 引导的表语从句的语气
as if/though 引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, appear, sound, feel 等后。
若表述真实的情况,就用陈述语气;若表述与客观事实相反的假设,则用虚拟语气。
It seems as if he benefits a lot from the project.
看起来好像他从这个项目中获益不少。 (陈述语气)
It looks as if/though he were drunk.
他看上去好像喝醉了。 (虚拟语气)
②表语从句的特殊句式
(The reason why. . .is that. . . ……的原因是····· (why引导定语从句,修饰 the reason, that引导表语从句)
This/That/It is because . . . 这/那是因为······ (because引导表语从句,从句表原因)
This/That/It is why . . . 这/那就是······的原因。 (why引导表语从句,从句表结果)
The reason why he didn't come is that he didn't receive the invitation.
他没来的原因是他没有收到请柬。
The woman was weeping bitterly. That's because her son was drowned in a river.
那位女士痛哭流涕,那是因为她的儿子在河中溺亡了。 (先果后因)
The woman's son was drowned in a river. That's why she was weeping bitterly.
那位女士的儿子在河中溺亡了,那是她痛哭流涕的原因。 (先因后果)
③ 表语从句中的虚拟语气
主语是表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词,如 suggestion, advice, proposal, order, command, request, requirement, demand 等时,表语从句应使用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
My suggestion is that we (should) set off early tomorrow.
我的建议是我们明天早点儿动身。
His order was that all boys gather quickly around the car.
他的命令是所有男孩子要速在汽车周围集合。
练习
1.最吸引我的是橄榄球俱乐部。
The one _______ _______ _______ _______ was the Rugby Club.
2.离开他们生活的城市3小时后,他们到达了第一个宿营地。
Three hours after their________ ________the city________ ________ ________, they arrived at the first camp.
3.我们需要母语为英语的申请者。
→We need applicants ________ mother tongue is English.
→We need applicants ________ are native speakers of English/native English speakers.
4.在减少交通事故上,起重要作用的是遵守交通规则的人。
_______________ matter in reducing traffic accidents.
5.On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world ____________.
一方面,世界上有许多不同的群体,他们在没有新技术的情况下幸福地生活着。
6.From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments_____________
通过研究,他们发现并测试了380种不同的有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法。
7.在语言学校要任何人预付一整年的学费是毫无理由的。
________anyone needs to pay one year of tuition in advance in a language school.
8.别人如何谈论我们,我们自然无从干预。
We cannot help the way ________people speak of us.
9.Whichever and whatever you like, ________!
无论你喜欢哪一个,无论你喜欢什么,总会有一个奇妙无比的主题公园让你流连忘返!
10.There are many reasons ________, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
其存续的原因有很多,但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。
参考答案:
1. that attracted me most
【详解】考查定语从句。“吸引”使用动词attract,分析句子可知,空处是定语从句,先行词是代词one,关系词在从句中作主语,应用that引导,由主句中was可知,从句也用一般过去时,故填①that②attracted③me④most。
2. departure from where they lived
【详解】考查名词和定语从句。结合空处前的their可知,表示“离开某处”应用名词短语departure from,表示“他们生活的城市”应用定语从句,由空处前的the city可知,此处可用where引导的定语从句,关系词在从句中作地点状语,从句谓语用一般过去时lived,故完整表达为where they lived。故空处1填departure,空处2填from,空处3填where,空处4填they,空处5填lived。
3. whose who
【详解】考查定语从句。第一空定语从句修饰先行词applicants ,从句缺少定语,故用whose引导;第二空定语从句修饰先行词applicants ,从句缺少主语,指人,故用who引导。故填①whose;②who。
4.It is the people who obey the traffic rules that
【详解】考查定语从句和强调句型。结合句意及分析句子成分可知,空处应为主语“人”,译为the people,且有定语“遵守交通规则的”修饰,所以应为定语从句,译为obey the traffic rules,连接词应用关系代词who引导定语从句修饰先行词the people;根据句意可知,强调主语,所以应用强调句型it is/was...that+其余部分,照应主句动词matter的时态,应用一般现在时is。故填It is the people who obey the traffic rules that。
5.who live happily in the absence of new technology
【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子结构以及根据汉语提示可知,空处可用定语从句修饰先行词groups of people,先行词在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who来引导,“幸福的生活着”可以翻译为live happily,定语从句的时态为一般现在时态,主语为复数,所以谓语动词用原形;在没有新技术的情况下可以翻译为“in the absence of new technology”。故填who live happily in the absence of new technology。
6.that/which showed promise in the fight against malaria.
【详解】考查名词,动词,介词,短语,连词,时态和定语从句。表示“表明”应用动词show;表示“希望”应用名词promise;表示“与……作战”应用介词短语in the fight against;表示“疟疾”应用名词malaria;分析句子结构和意思可知,“有望战胜疟疾的”是“380种不同的古代中医疗法”的定语,所以用定语从句的结构。先行词是380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments,从句缺少主语,指物,用关系代词that/which引导,这句话描述的是过去的事情,所以用一般过去时。故填that/which showed promise in the fight against malaria。
7.There is no reason why
【详解】考查定语从句。根据汉语提示,“毫无理由”可以用there be句型表示There is no reason,分析句子可知,空格后的部分应该是一个定语从句,对名词reason进行限定说明,所以应该用关系副词why引导从句。故填There is no reason why。
8.in which/that
【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是the way,关系词在从句中作状语,“以……的方式”常和介词in搭配,关系词在从句中作in的宾语,应用关系代词which,此处用“in which”引导定语从句,或直接用that引导定语从句。故填in which/that。
9.there is an incredible theme park that will appeal to you
【详解】考查there be句型和定语从句。表示“有……”应用there be句型;表示“主题公园”应用theme park;表示“奇妙无比的”应用形容词incredible;表示“让某人流连忘返”应用appeal to。分析句子可知,此处“让你流连忘返”可用限制性定语从句修饰theme park。根据从句“Whichever and whatever you like”时态可知,此处应用一般现在时态。故填there is an incredible theme park that will appeal to you。
10.why this has been possible
【详解】考查时态和定语从句。分析句子结构,此处为定语从句,关系词指代先行词reasons并在句中作原因状语,应用关系副词why,表示“某事是可能的”应用sth be possible,结合句意及空后的“has been ”可知,此处应用现在完成时,所以空处填why this has been possible。故答案为why this has been possible。
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