(新高考)高考英语二轮复习课时精炼考向63 七选五之主题句、过渡句与细节句的确定策略(2份打包，解析版+原卷版)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语二轮复习课时精炼考向63 七选五之主题句、过渡句与细节句的确定策略(2份打包，解析版+原卷版)，文件包含新高考高考英语二轮复习课时精炼考向63七选五之主题句过渡句与细节句的确定策略解析版doc、新高考高考英语二轮复习课时精炼考向63七选五之主题句过渡句与细节句的确定策略原卷版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共30页， 欢迎下载使用。

考向63 七选五
主题句/过渡句/细节句的确定策略
考向1　段首/段尾主题句
【考法再现】
1. 2020·全国卷Ⅰ·片段　体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与自我—完善自我、认识自我
________ Do not follow the people who make you feel not­good­enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self­acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
答案与解析　F　段首主题句。根据下文“Do not follow the people who make you feel not­good­enough.” 可知，作者告诫我们不要盲目追随那些比我们优越让我们感到不够好的人，即停止盲目攀比，因此该段主题句是“停止与他人攀比”，选项F“Stop comparing yourself with others.”可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
错解分析　本题易错选G。 G项的表述为“攀比游戏什么时候开始”，分析本段内容可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，要认识到自我的重要性和独特性。并没有涉及评论攀比之风何时开始，故G项错误。
2. 体裁：说明文　　主题语境：人与社会—良好的人际沟通
Britain, along with much of Northern Europe, is classed as a “non­contact” culture. “Personal space” is very important to us. In a formal contact we would often greet each other with a handshake. Informally, but less frequently, my British friends and I would greet with a hug. (But_hardly_ever_would_we_greet_with_a_kiss_on_
the_cheek.) Here in the south of Italy, and in many different parts of the world, people of both sexes greet with two kisses on both cheeks and use a lot of gestures. ________
A. I just figure out how to find the real meaning.
B. But hardly ever would we greet with a kiss on the cheek.
C. In fact, our bodies are saying more than our words.
D. In other words, little personal space is left between people when interacting.
E. Britain, along with much of Northern Europe, is classed as a “non­contact” culture.
F. Sometimes I find myself not knowing what gestures to use when expressing myself.
G. If one person cannot understand body language, he cannot communicate with foreigners smoothly.
答案与解析　D　段尾主题句。本段的第二层介绍意大利人的问候方式，与上一层的“总分”结构不同，该层是“分总”结构，即先具体介绍意大利人的问候方式：two kisses, a lot of gestures，然后再总结概括其与英国人完全相反的肢体语言风格。D选项中的“little personal space is left”与前面所述的问候方式一致，故选择D项。be classed as “被归类为；被看作”。
【策略微点】
设空特点
1. 空格在段首：通常是段落主题句或段落小标题句，认真阅读空格后内容，推断出主题句。
2. 空格在段尾：一般是对上文或全文进行概括总结，得出结论。
【策略图解】　段首/段尾主题句

考向2　段首/段尾过渡句/细节句
【考法再现】
3. 2020·全国卷Ⅲ·片段　体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与社会—风俗
__①__ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. __②__
A. This isn't usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you're lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
答案与解析　①C　段首细节句。本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据下文第一句话可知，因为刚搬家，主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动，故选项C“你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享”，符合语境。下一句中的this指代分享食物或饮料。故选C。
②A　段尾过渡句。本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知，在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，选项A“但这并不常见”与上文衔接恰当，故选A。
4. 2019·全国卷Ⅲ·片段　体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与社会—社会交往
Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. ________
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don'ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not­so­great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
答案与解析　C　段尾细节句。根据空前内容可知，不要过度分享个人信息，当学生们需要延期上交作业时，只需向教授简单地解释一下情况。C项“如果需要知道更多的信息的话，(老师们)会询问你的”中的more information与上文中的information为原词复现，符合语境。
【策略微点】
设空特点
1. 过渡句：在段首或段尾的句子有时承上启下，应注意瞻前顾后，段尾句有时是为了引出下一段的内容。
2. 细节句：段尾句作为细节句时，常是对空前内容的补充，或者与空前内容是并列、递进、转折或因果关系。
【策略图解】　段首/段尾过渡句/细节句


考向3　段中细节句/过渡句
【考法再现】
5. 2020·全国卷Ⅰ·片段　体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与自我—完善自我、认识自我
A Few Tips for Self­Acceptance
We all want it ... to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. ________ Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self­acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
答案与解析　B　段中过渡句。根据题目“A Few Tips for Self­Acceptance”及空后一句“这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法”可知，选项B “Where do you start? (从哪里开始？)”最符合下文语境，故选B项。
6. 2020·全国卷Ⅱ·片段　体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与社会—社会交往
Emoji (表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. ________. It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
A. Messages with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
答案与解析　D　段中细节句。根据上一句可知，在亚洲，短信通讯平台正在迅速发展，又根据下文可知，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号，前后句都说明了短信平台的受欢迎程度。选项D“这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延”符合语境。故选D。
【策略微点】
设空特点
段中位置设题一般是段落细节句或过渡句。
【策略图解】　段中细节句/过渡句

【检测训练】
1
Top uses of smartphones
Today approximately 3.5 billion people own smartphones all over the world. In this article, we explore what we use our smartphones for.
1. Most websites today are mobile-friendly, while there are also mobile apps that you can use to buy everything from clothes to household items and more. Because it's far easier and more convenient to make a purchase online, a great percentage of people order from online sites. In fact, most users prefer to be able to compare and learn about different items on their phones. Hence, if anyone is looking to build an online brand, it is certainly important to develop a mobile-friendly site for the ultimate online shopping experience.2. .
Social Media Usage
Social media sites became a go-to site for many users that spend time on their mobile devices.3. . It is widely used in comparison to other popular social media platforms like Instagram. But, social media apps are not only used to interact with other users but also to consume information, whether it is entertaining videos, news, information about certain products and services. Otherwise, people rely on smartphones when they want to share their content (photos, videos , articles) on social media platforms.4. .
Consumption of Digital Media
Smartphones are leading devices in the consumption of digital media, and the time users spend is usually on apps.5. . So, whether you are looking to watch your favorite TV shows, listen to music, or you want to read books, listen to podcasts, there are many apps that you can check out and download on your device. Actually, a lot of companies like Tencent and Youku have designed apps to make their content more accessible on the move.
A. Friendly websites
B. Mobile Shopping
C. Actually, Wechat is one of the largest social media networks
D. Hence, a lot of businesses use them to promote their products
E.As we know, there's a wealth of apps available for download, free of charge
F.Some famous e-commerce sites include Amazon, Taobao, JD and many others
G.There are some apps that are not designed to entertain you but to help you enrich your knowledge


【答案】1. B 2. F 3. C 4. D 5. E
【解析】1. 根据第二段第一句“Most websites today are mobile-friendly, while there are also mobile apps that you can use to buy everything from clothes to household items and more.(如今大多数网站都是手机友好型，与此同时还有许多手机应用你可以用来买东西，从衣服到生活用品)”可知，这一段讨论的是智能手机的网上购物功能。而空格处是这一段的小标题。由此可知，B. Mobile Shopping(移动购物)符合题意。故选B。
2. 根据前一句“Hence, if anyone is looking to build an online brand, it is certainly important to develop a mobile-friendly site for the ultimate online shopping experience.(因此，如果某人想要建立一个网上品牌，为最佳购物体验搭建一个手机友好的网址无疑很重要)”提出要搭建网址，随后可能进一步举例说明好的网址有哪些。由此可知，F. Some famous e-commerce sites include Amazon, Taobao, JD and many others(一些著名的电子商务网站包括亚马逊、淘宝、京东等)符合题意，F选项提出Amazon, Taobao, JD(亚马逊、淘宝和京东)作为例子。故选F。
3. 前文“Social media sites became a go-to site for many users that spend time on their mobile devices.(社交媒体网站成为许多花时间在移动设备上的用户的首选网站)”提出现在手机用户花很多时间使用手机，社交网址成为了智囊网址。而后文接着提出“It is widely used in comparison to other popular social media platforms like Instagram.(与Instagram等其他流行的社交媒体平台相比，它被广泛使用)”。由此推知，空格处应该提到了一种社交媒体平台。由此可知，C. Actually, Wechat is one of the largest social media networks(事实上，微信是最大的社交媒体网络之一)符合题意。故选C。
4. 根据上文“But, social media apps are not only used to interact with other users but also to consume information, whether it is entertaining videos, news, information about certain products and services. Otherwise, people rely on smartphones when they want to share their content (photos, videos , articles) on social media platforms.(但是，社交媒体应用不仅用于与其他用户互动，还用于消费信息，无论是娱乐视频、新闻，还是关于某些产品和服务的信息。否则，当人们想要在社交媒体平台上分享他们的内容（照片、视频、文章）时，就会依赖智能手机)”可知，要通过手机消费，必须要有商家提供商品信息。由此可知，D. Hence, a lot of businesses use them to promote their products(因此，很多企业使用它们来推广他们的产品)符合题意。故选D。
5. 根据上文“Smartphones are leading devices in the consumption of digital media, and the time users spend is usually on apps.(智能手机是数字媒体消费的主流设备，并且用户大多数时间都花在应用上)”及下文“So, whether you are looking to watch your favorite TV shows…there are many apps that you can check out and download on your device.(所以，不管你是想看你最喜欢的电视节目，你都可以在你的设备上查看和下载许多应用程序)”可推知，空格处应该是在讨论有很多应用可在手机上使用。由此可知，E. As we know, there's a wealth of apps available for download, free of charge(正如我们知道的那样，有很多应用可用于下载，并且免费)”符合题意。故选E。
2
Tech Neck
Have you ever bent your head down to look at a screen until your neck muscles hurt? If so, you’ve experienced tech neck. 6. . It’s a common problem, and it’s on the rise.
Your neck muscles are designed to hold your head upright. 7. . But bending your head forward for long periods of time can strain your muscles. That can make them sore.
In the past people spent most of their time looking up. But now people spend significant amounts of time looking down at their phones. They often hold them at waist or chest level. This causes people to crane their necks to see the phone, which, in turn, causes tech neck. 8. .
It’s probably not realistic to expect people to give up their phones to avoid tech neck. But giving up technology altogether isn’t necessary. You can do things to avoid tech neck even while keeping your smartphone.
First you can hold your phone up so you don’t have to bend down to look at it. But this can be tiring for your arms. So keep your head upright, and look only with your eyes. Try to sit up straight in front of a screen as well, or it can hurt your back.
Also, take breaks. 9. . If you’ve been sitting, stand up and walk around. Moving your body will help relax your muscles. If you continue experiencing tech neck, you can do exercise to strengthen your neck muscles.
10. . If you’re aware of the problem, you can take measures to avoid it.
A. Drop down your smartphone right now and have a walk outside
B. Once in a while, look up from your screen, and roll your shoulders back
C. Using smartphones excessively has resulted in tons of psychological problems
D. Bending over to view the screen of a computer on a desk can have a similar effect
E.Tech neck is a common result of using today’s technology, but it doesn’t have to be
F.They can also move your head around and even crane it forward for a short amount
of time
G.Tech neck occurs when the use of phones, computers and other technology causes
neck pain
【答案】6. G 7. F 8. D 9. B 10. E
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了长期使用数码产品会给你带来技术脖，同时就此给出了相应的建议。
6. 由上文“Have you ever bent your head down to look at a screen until your neck muscles hurt? If so, you’ve experienced tech neck.”（你有没有曾经低头看屏幕，直到颈部疼痛？如果有，那你可能得了技术脖。）Screen对应phones, computers and other technology，及下文“It’s a common problem, and it’s on the rise.”中it指代的就是技术脖。可知设空处是在介绍技术脖。故选择G项。
7. 由上文“Your neck muscles are designed to hold your head upright”（你的颈部肌肉旨在保持你的头部直立。）分析选项中的代词可知，they指代的就是上文中的muscles，故选择F项。
8. 由上文“But now people spend significant amounts of time looking down at their phones….”（但现在人们花大量的时间低头看手机….）可知D选项中的similar effect 指的就是看电脑屏幕和看手机的影响相似。故选择D项。
9. 由上文“take breaks.”休息一下及下文“If you’ve been sitting, stand up and walk around…”（如果你一直坐着，就站起来走动一下….）可知本段主要讲述的使用电子设备时要时不时休息下。故选择B项。
10. 由下文“If you’re aware of the problem, you can take measures to avoid it.” （如果你意识到了问题，你就能够采取措施来避免。）句中的avoid(避免)呼应选项中的“don’t have to be”，故选择E项。
3
Most students feel more anxiety before and during an exam. Normal levels of stress can help you work, think faster and more effectively, and generally help you perform better in exams. 11. It can cause your mind to “blank out” or make you unable to concentrate. Here are some strategies to help you keep your anxiety to a manageable level.
The better prepared you get for an exam, the less anxiety you'll suffer from. 12. Six weeks before the exams is probably soon enough for the end of year exams, depending on where you are in your studies and what year you are in. Maintain your health-eat a balanced diet, get enough sleep and exercise regularly. 13. Look at exams as an opportunity to apply the knowledge and skills you've been learning throughout the term. The night before an exam, calmly review material one final time, organize all your supplies (your pens, calculator, eraser, and so on), and get a good night's sleep. Get to the exam on time. Don't talk to people outside the room because their nervousness could be “catching”.
14. If you're afraid you will forget important facts, write them down as soon as you get into exam. When needed, take a short relaxation break by closing your eyes, stretching(伸展) and relaxing muscles, and breathing deeply. If you start to panic, tell yourself. “I will stay calm. I can handle this.” Read directions carefully and stay focused on the exam. 15. Just keep working. Never leave early yourself.
A. Staying positive is also important.
B. Pay no attention to students who finish early.
C. However, too much anxiety can lower your performance.
D. Spend some time thinking about what is causing the anxiety.
E.The key to reducing exam anxiety is to start your revision early.
F.As for anxiety during an exam, just follow the following strategies
G.Remember that most people feel tense at this point-it is only natural.
【答案】11. C 12. E 13. A 14. F 15. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章认为大部分同学都存在考前焦虑，正常的压力水平可以帮助人们更快、更有效地工作和思考，在考试中表现得更好，但是过多的焦虑则会降低你的表现，它会导致你的思绪一片空白，使得你注意力无法集中，并且给出了一些帮助你把焦虑保持在一个可管理的水平的建议。
11. 根据上文“Normal levels of stress can help you work, think faster and more effectively, and generally help you perform better in exams.(正常水平的压力可以帮助你工作，更快更有效地思考，并且通常可以帮助你在考试中表现得更好)”以及下文“It can cause your mind to “blank out” or make you unable to concentrate.(它会使你的大脑“空白”或无法集中注意力)”可知，此处是一个转折句，与正常的压力形成对比，C选项“然而，过多的焦虑会降低你的表现。”符合题意。故选C。
12. 根据上文“The better prepared you get for an exam, the less anxiety you'll suffer from.(你对考试准备得越充分，你的焦虑就越少)”和下文“Six weeks before the exams is probably soon enough for the end of year exams, depending on where you are in your studies and what year you are in.（考试前六周对于期末考试来说可能已经足够快了，这取决于你学习的阶段以及你读几年级）”可知，空格处应该表达为考试做准备的时间要充分。E选项“减少考试焦虑的关键是尽早开始复习。”符合题意。故选E。
13. 根据下文“Look at exams as an opportunity to apply the knowledge and skills you've been learning throughout the term.(把考试看作是一个应用你整个学期所学知识和技能的机会)”可推知，对待考试要有积极的态度。A选项“保持积极态度也很重要。”符合题意。故选A。
14. 根据下文“If you're afraid you will forget important facts, write them down as soon as you get into exam. When needed, take a short relaxation break by closing your eyes, stretching(伸展) and relaxing muscles, and breathing deeply.(若你们担心你们会忘记重要的事实，那个么你们一进入考试就把它们写下来。必要时，闭上眼睛，伸展身体，休息片刻 放松肌肉，深呼吸)”可知，这些都是关于考试过程中感到焦虑的一些处理措施。F选项“至于考试期间的焦虑，只需遵循以下策略”符合题意。下文是对策略的举例说明。故选F。
15. 根据上文“Read directions carefully and stay focused on the exam.(仔细阅读说明并专注于考试)”以及下文“Just keep working. Never leave early yourself.(继续写，永远不要自己早退)”可知，此处指考试要全神贯注，尤其不要关注做得快，提前交卷的同学。B选项“不要理会提前完成的学生。”符合题意。故选B。
4
Strategies to Help Build Self-Regulation Skills
Self-regulation is the ability that helps us to control our behaviors to make good decisions for the long-term, rather than just doing what we want in the moment.16. The good news is that kids can learn to improve their self-regulation.
Discuss scenarios（场景）. Talk about real-life incidents that encourage learners to stop and think about managing their behaviors. You might say, "Someone is kicking the back of your chair during a test and it's really annoying you. What do you do?" Have students talk in small groups or partners.17. Using scenarios can help students train their brains for how to think through problems as they happen.
Set self-reflection time. Every student needs to work on different things. Some concentrate on grades, while others focus more on behavior or attendance. Set self-reflection time and meet weekly with students. Discuss progress made, challenges, and next steps for the future.18. This can slowly help them develop the ability to self-reflect and self-regulate in the future.
19. Design an area in the room for students to go who need a few minutes to themselves. It's important to teach that the area is a place to self- regulate and get in control of emotions so we can return to our normal days. Tell students that it's normal and healthy to need a break once in a while.
Use literature. Picture books are a great way to introduce and discuss self-regulation skills at all levels. Even my middle schoolers loved when I got the picture books out for a read-aloud! With whatever books you choose, make sure to highlight the self-regulation skills the characters use.20.
A. Give movement breaks.
B. Create a calm down space.
C. Most of all, try to let students take the lead!
D. Discuss how they relate to your students' lives.
E.Share about how they might handle those situations.
F.Consider consulting with the school social worker for extra support.
G.However, working on self-regulation skills doesn't happen overnight.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. B 20. D
【解析】本篇是说明文。介绍帮助学生培养自我管理技能的策略。
16. 前一句“Self-regulation is the ability that helps us to control our behaviors to make good decisions for the long-term”提出自我管理从长远看能帮助控制行为，做好的决定；下一句 “The good news is that kids can learn to improve their self-regulation.”提出一个好消息：孩子们可以学习如何加强自己的这种能力，可知空格处应说明过渡句，强调虽然培养自我管理能力有难度，G项“However, working on self-regulation skills doesn't happen overnight.”指出培养这一技能不是一蹴而就的，符合题意。故选G。
17. 根据标题“Discuss scenarios”可知，本段策略是设计场景让学生思考应对行为。空格前一句“Have students talk in small groups or partners.”“让学生小组讨论”，那么接下来就应该是分享各自应对的方法，E项 “Share about how they might handle those situations.”意为“分享他们如何处理这些情况”符合题意。故选E。
18. 根据标题“Set self-reflection time”可知，本段策略是设置自我反思的时间，让学生有针对性地改善自我管理能力。后文“This can slowly help them develop the ability to self-reflect and self-regulate in the future. ”“这能逐渐帮助他们培养将来自我反思、自我管理的能力”中有一个代词“this”就是空格处所涉及的策略。因此强调以学生为主导的C项“Most of all, try to let students take the lead! ”“多数情况下试着让学生主导”符合语境。故选C。
19. 根据后文“Design an area in the room for students to go who need a few minutes to themselves.”“在房间里涉及一个区域让需要单独呆几分钟的学生有地方可待”可知，本段策略是创建空间让学生独处，而B项“Create a calm down space. ”“创造一个冷静的空间”符合语境。故选B。
20. 根据标题“Use literature”可知，本段策略是使用文学作品，前文“With whatever books you choose, make sure to highlight the self-regulation skills the characters use.”“不管选的是什么书，确保它强调角色使用的自我管理技能”提到书中角色使用的自我管理技能，后文应该要将书中的技能和采取这个策略的学生联系起来，D项 “Discuss how they relate to your students' lives.”“讨论这些技能和你的学生的生活有什么联系”符合语境。故选D。
5
How Does the Media Influence People?
The media has both positive and negative influences on people. The media can make a person more aware of what is happening. 21. . The media has the capacity to ruin society by encouraging false ideals, praising selfishness and build the wrong values.
According to the Canadian Academy, some media messages have been linked to the cause of numerous health concerns. 22. , causing people to develop bad habits. Images used in entertainment can provide negative ideas of life. Young people are especially influenced by the media. Youth of all ages and cultures try desperately to imitate the role models they observe in the media. 23. . They are likely to develop eating disorders, low self-esteem, and psychological diseases. Negative media influences can mislead youth in the wrong direction.
The media influences the public by sharing news with an opinionated perspective. The personal values of media businesses impact the information shared. The reporters can add personal ideas to the stories they cover. 24. . Another problem is that technological advances provide venues to reach a larger audience than before.
25. , but we can't deny that media changes our ways of thinking and living. It also promotes the transformation of personality and the formation of new beliefs through the information delivered and education available easily. What we should do is develop the critical thinking ability.
A. Media is a major piece within society often linked to the social influence
B. Obvious problems exist there
C. Negative ideas found in movies, television, radio and advertisements are harmful to the youth
D. But an individual shouldn't make the choice for young people
E.But their opinions sometimes are arbitrary
F.On the other hand, it can twist the truth
G.Television will encourage people to take alcohol
【答案】21. F 22. G 23. C 24. E 25. B
【解析】本文属于说明文。文章主要介绍了媒体对人们的影响，影响有积极的一面也有消极的一面。
21. 根据上文的“The media can make a person more aware of what is happening. ”（媒体可以使人们更清楚地了解正在发生的事情。）及下文的“The media has the capacity to ruin society by encouraging false ideals, praising selfishness and build the wrong values.”（媒体有能力通过鼓励错误的理想，赞扬自私和建立错误的价值观来毁灭社会。）可知，选项F“另一方面，它可以扭曲事实”衔接上下文，上文是媒体的好的影响，下文是不好的影响。故选F。
22. 根据上文“some media messages have been linked to the cause of numerous health concerns. ”（一些媒体信息与许多健康问题的起因联系在一起。）可知，媒体会影响健康，因此选项G“电视会鼓励人们喝酒”与上文衔接，与下文“causing people to develop bad habits”构成并列，都是媒体对健康的不良影响。故选G。
23. 根据上文“ Youth of all ages and cultures try desperately to imitate the role models they observe in the media. ”（所有年龄和文化背景的年轻人都拼命地模仿他们在媒体上看到的榜样。）可知，媒体对青年的影响很大，选项C“在电影、电视、广播和广告中发现的消极思想对年轻人有害”指明了媒体通过什么形式对青年产生不良影响，选项中的“young people”对应上文中的“Youth of all ages”。故选C。
24. 根据上文“ The reporters can add personal ideas to the stories they cover. ”（记者们可以在他们的报道中加入个人的想法。）可知，记者会把自己的观点加上去，个人价值观会影响他们分享的信息，因此，选项E“但他们的观点有时是武断的”衔接上文，他们的观点即指记者的观点。故选E。
25. 根据下文“ but we can't deny that media changes our ways of thinking and living. ”（但是我们不能否认媒体改变了我们的思维方式和生活方式）可知，媒体对我们的也有好的影响，由句中的but可知，上文应该是媒体的不好的影响。选项B“存在着明显的问题”总结了上文的媒体带来的问题，同时与下文构成转折。故选B。
6
Lack of sleep can be compensated for by exercise
Staying active and fit could help to ward off some of the negative health impacts that would normally result from low-quality sleep, according to a large study of 380,055 middle-aged people involved in the UK Biobank research project.While the health benefits of exercise and sleep are nothing new, 26. .It could even give doctors another option to suggest for patients dealing with sleep problems.
"We found those who had both the poorest sleep quality and who exercised the least were most at risk of death from heart disease, stroke (中风), and cancer," says epidemiologist Bo-Huei Huang, from the University of Sydney in Australia. 27. .
Participants were grouped into three levels of physical activity (high, medium or low) and were also given a sleep quality score from 0-5 based on the amount of shut-eye they got, how late they stayed up, insomnia (失眠), snoring and daytime sleepiness.Those with the highest risk of dying from cancer or heart disease during the study period were those with the worst quality sleep and who didn't meet the WHO recommended guidelines for exercise. 28. .
29. , for example, those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk of dying from cancer than those with good sleep scores who kept physically active. 30. .
A. The findings suggest a likely synergistic (相互的) effect, an interplay, between the two behaviors
B. That risk went down for people with poor quality sleep but who did meet the exercise guidelines
C. Exercise can make up for the lack of sleep quality
D. It's the relationship between them that is interesting in this particular study
E.However, that risk just about disappeared for those who didn't score well on sleep but did score well on physical activity
F.This also means that high quality sleep can slow a person's risk of illness
G.In the case of all forms of cancer
【答案】26. D 27. A 28. B 29. G 30. E
【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了运动可弥补不良睡眠对身体的伤害。
26. 上文“Staying active and fit could help to ward off some of the negative health impacts that would normally result from low-quality sleep, according to a large study of 380,055 middle-aged people involved in the UK Biobank research project.(根据英国生物库研究项目的一项涵盖了380055名中年人的大型研究，保持活力和健康有助于抵御通常由低质量睡眠导致的负面影响)”说明足够的运动可以弥补不良睡眠带来的一些不健康的影响。D项中的“this particular study”与“a large study”相符，因此推断D项“在这项特别的研究中运动和健康之间的关系是有趣的”符合语境，说明虽然运动和睡眠对健康有益的观点并不新鲜，但是这项研究中，运动和健康之间的关系是有趣的，引出下文“It could even give doctors another option to suggest for patients dealing with sleep problems.(它甚至为医生提供了治疗患者睡眠问题的另一种方式)”。故选D项。
27. 上文“We found those who had both the poorest sleep quality and who exercised the least were most at risk of death from heart disease, stroke (中风), and cancer(我们发现那些睡眠质量最差、运动最少的人死于心脏病、中风和癌症的风险最大)”说明运动最少，睡眠最差的人得病和死亡的风险最大，可推断这两种行为之间可能存在相互作用。因此推断A项“研究结果表明，这两种行为之间可能存在协同效应，即相互作用”符合语境，“this two behaviors”指代上文提到的“sleep”和“exercise”。故选A项。
28. 上文“Those with the highest risk of dying from cancer or heart disease during the study period were those with the worst quality sleep and who didn't meet the WHO recommended guidelines for exercise.(在研究期间，死于癌症或心脏病的风险最高的人是睡眠质量最差、不符合世界卫生组织建议的锻炼指南的人)”说明睡眠质量差，运动量不达标的人死亡风险高，B项中的“poor quality sleep”与“the worst quality sleep”呼应，“the exercise guidelines”与“guidelines for exercise”对应。因此推断B项“睡眠质量差但运动量达标的人死于癌症或心脏病的风险较低”符合语境。故选B项。
29. 下文 “for example, those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk of dying from cancer than those with good sleep scores who kept physically active.(例如，那些睡眠质量最差、运动量最低的人死于癌症的风险比那些睡眠质量好并坚持运动的人要高出45%)”举例说明了死于癌症的风险，G项中的“cancer”与之相符，以癌症为例说明运动最少，睡眠质量最差的人死于癌症的风险高，故选G项。
30. 上文“for example, those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk of dying from cancer than those with good sleep scores who kept physically active.(例如，那些睡眠质量最差、运动量最低的人死于癌症的风险比那些睡眠质量好并坚持运动的人要高出45%)”对比了死于癌症的比率，E项中的“those who didn't score well on sleep but did score well on physical activity”与“those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale”形成对比，说明然而，那些睡眠质量不佳但却保持高水平运动量的人这种风险几乎没有因为睡眠差而增加。上下文是转折关系。故选E项。
7
Most of the students really don’t know what they actually doing during a school day. 31. Once you follow these ideas and tips, you will be a right person at school and home.
32. The first you have to write in a paper is, what are the activities you missed on that day and why. The other is, what are the activities you have to do on next day. Keep this paper with you. So next day, this paper helps you to complete every activity you wrote down last night.
Don’t afraid to say NO to anyone if it affects your personal tasks. Let’s say you have homework to finish before going to bed. In this situation, your friend asks you to come for a movie. 33. But if you are a successful time management student, simply you would say NO to him and use that valuable time for your personal tasks.
Find what will be your right time to do more activities. Some students prefer morning time and some prefer evening time. 34. As a school student, you must have to play games or watching TV. 35. Don’t mess up your studying time with these extra activities. For instance, you can schedule one or two hours for watching TV or playing games after school, but concentrate more time on homework.
A. Make a careful plan in advance and carry it out.
B. Take a paper and write about 2 things before going to bed every day.
C. But schedule a particular time for these extra activities.
D. Determine your preferable time and get to use most at that particular time.
E.If you aren’t managing your time, you may go.
F.Therefore, it is necessary to understand the true meaning of time management.
G.Here is some advice about time management to students.
【答案】31. G 32. B 33. E 34. D 35. C
【解析】本文是说明文。文章向学生介绍了时间管理的观念与方法。
31. 下文“Once you follow these ideas and tips, you will be a right person at school and home.（只要你遵循了这些方法和技巧，你在家或学校都将成为最好的自己。）”其中，代词“these”说明上文提到“ideas and tips（方法和技巧）”。G项“Here is some advice about time management to students.（这里有一些给学生的关于时间管理的建议）”和下文衔接。故选G项。
32. 根据后文“The first you have to write…(首先你要写下......)”和“The other is…(其次......)”可知，你要写下两件事。B项中“Take a paper and write about 2 things before going to bed every day.（每天睡觉前拿一张纸写两件事。）”和后文呼应。故选B项。
33. 根据后文“But if you are a successful time management student, simply you would say NO to him and use that valuable time for your personal tasks.（但是，如果你是一个成功的时间管理学生，你只需对他说不，并将宝贵的时间用于你的个人任务。）”可知，和前文是转折关系。E项“If you aren’t managing your time, you may go.（如果你没有管理你的时间，你可能会去）”符合题意。故选E项。
34. 根据前文段首中心句“Find what will be your right time to do more activities.（找到你做更多活动的恰当时间）”和“Some students prefer morning time and some prefer evening time.（一些学生喜欢早晨时间，一些喜欢晚上的时间）”可知，D项“Determine your preferable time and get to use most at that particular time.（确定您的最佳时间，并在该特定时间充分利用。）”符合题意。故选D项。
35. 根据前文“As a school student, you must have to play games or watching TV.（作为一个学生，你一定需要玩游戏或者看电视。）”再结合C项“But schedule a particular time for these extra activities.（但是为这些额外的活动安排一个特定的时间。）”其中“these extra activities”和前文“play games or watching TV”相呼应。再结合后文“Don’t mess up your studying time with these extra activities.（不要因为这些额外的活动打乱你的学习时间）”可知选C项。
8
FOMO stands for “fear of missing out”. It refers to the nervous or anxious feeling a person gets when they realize they are not attending a social event either because they weren’t invited or they just didn’t feel like going. 36. This belief, in turn, can create anxiety and a sense of inferiority. FOMO bothers most teens, especially if they’re often online.
One way for teens to deal with FOMO is to practice what is known as reframing (重塑) thinking. 37. Here are some tips on how teens can start to reframe their thinking.
Track negative thoughts and replace them with reasonable ones. One thing teens can do to deal with FOMO is to track their negative thoughts and feelings in a journal. 38. Then, they can change their thoughts and replace the negative thoughts with something positive.
39. Encourage teens to recognize that they have limited time and cannot possibly be everywhere and do everything. So, naturally, there will be social events that they cannot attend. But this does not mean that they’re necessarily missing out on something.
Turn off the technology and do something else. Turning off the technology seems like a natural cure for FOMO. But just switching the phone off does not erase the feelings that FOMO causes. 40. The key is to do something else entirely like reading a book or baking cookies — anything that allows them to focus on something other than social media.
A. Be realistic about availability.
B. There are some negative consequences of FOMO.
C. Realize that no one lives a perfect life as described in social media.
D. It’s a mental exercise designed to help them look at situations differently.
E.In general, FOMO causes people to assume that they have a low social rank.
F.Teens may still worry about missing out even if they’re not in social media at all.
G.This allows them to observe how often they’re feeling negative about themselves.
【答案】36. E 37. D 38. G 39. A 40. F
【解析】本文是应用文。文章就如何应对青少年面临的“错失恐惧症”给出了建议。
36. 根据指代关系可知，空格处句子需为下文This belief提供指代对象，E项“In general, FOMO causes people to assume that they have a low social rank.(一般来说，‘错失恐惧症’会让人们认为自己的社会地位较低)”中“they have a low social rank.”正是This belief指代对象，且认为自己的社会地位较低会造成“anxiety and a sense of inferiority(焦虑和自卑)”。故选E项。
37. 上文提到“reframing (重塑) thinking”这一概念，D项“It’s a mental exercise designed to help them look at situations differently.(这是一种心理训练，旨在帮助他们从不同的角度看待情况)”是对这一概念的解释，且句中“look at situations differently”与上文“reframing(重塑) thinking”相照应，指“用另一种方式看待或思考问题”。故选D项。
38. 上文“One thing teens can do to deal with FOMO is to track their negative thoughts and feelings in a journal.(青少年可以做的一件事就是在日记中记录他们的消极想法和感受)”建议是青少年用日记的方式记录消极想法和感受，G项“This allows them to observe how often they’re feeling negative about themselves.(这可以让他们观察到自己产生消极想法和感受的频率)”中This指代的正是“记录消极想法和感受”这种行为，且记录后就能观察到产生消极想法的频率，两句间有顺承关系。故选G项。
39. 根据下文“Encourage teens to recognize that they have limited time and cannot possibly be everywhere and do everything. So, naturally, there will be social events that they cannot attend.(鼓励青少年认识到他们的时间是有限的，不可能无处不在，无所不能。因此，自然会有一些社交活动他们不能参加)”可知青少年要认识到不是所有社交活动都能参加，因为自己时间有限，所以对参加社交活动的可能性要切合实际。A项“Be realistic about availability.(对可能性要现实一点)”表达了同样意思，符合语境。故选。
40. 上文“But just switching the phone off does not erase the feelings that FOMO causes.(但是仅仅关掉手机并不能消除‘错失恐惧症’引起的感觉)”说关掉手机并不能消除“错失恐惧症”引起的焦虑和自卑，F项“Teens may still worry about missing out even if they’re not in social media at all.(即使不使用社交媒体，青少年可能仍然会担心错过机会)”解释了其原因，因为即使关掉手机，不使用社交媒体，青少年可能仍然会担心。故选F项。