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外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习5 ：必修1 Unit 5 Into the wild(含解析)
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这是一份外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习5 ：必修1 Unit 5 Into the wild(含解析)，共11页。试卷主要包含了 the 考查冠词， bradly 考查副词， which 考查定语从句， shwing 考查非谓语动词， t 考查固定搭配等内容，欢迎下载使用。
必修第一册 Unit 5 Int the wild
A组·基础巩固
Ⅰ. 语法填空
A
Yu may nt want t admit it, but actually at ne time in yur life, yu've talked t an animal. Maybe it was letting a dg knw it was a gd dg 1. ________ asking a cat where it had been. Maybe yu gave wrds f 2. ________ (encurage) t an elephant r sclded a sheep. Whichever animal it was yu talked t, ne thing is fr sure: it prbably didn't talk back. What if it culd? 3. ________ (science)are wrking n ways t nt nly understand what animals are saying，but als study whether they can talk back ne day. Maybe their wrk will change 4. ________ way we think abut animals in the future.
S far, n ne 5. ________ (prve) that an animal r a species has a language, partly because there is n 6. ________ (universe) idea f what can be cnsidered as a language. But 7. ________ (brad) speaking, language shuld be a distinct and rganised frm f cmmunicatin, 8. ________ has been learned and used willingly.When yur dg barks, yu dn't cnsider it as language. The reasn is that dgs are brn with the ability. But sme studies suggest that sme animals d cmmunicate in a very cmplex manner 9. ________ (shw) characteristics f language. S，maybe we are clse 10. ________ talking with animals.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。生活中存在人和动物对话的情况，其实动物也有自己的语言。科学家们不仅在研究动物们说什么，而且还在研究有朝一日它们是否会回应。
1. r 考查连词。此处指你和动物谈话的内容，两者是选择关系，故填r。
2. encuragement 考查词性转换。此处和f连用修饰名词wrds，用名词，指“鼓励的话”，故填encuragement。
3. Scientists 考查名词。此处作主语用名词；根据句意可知，表示“科学家”，与动词are一致用复数，故填Scientists。
4. the 考查冠词。此处特指我们对未来动物的看法，表特指用定冠词，故填the。
5. has prved/prven 考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语S far可知用现在完成时，与主语n ne一致用单数，故填has prved/prven。
6. universal 考查形容词。修饰句中的名词idea用形容词，指“普遍的想法”，故填universal。
7. bradly 考查副词。修饰speaking用副词，指“一般地说，广义地说”，故填bradly。
8. which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，句中包含非限制性定语从句，指代前面的frm用关系代词which引导，故填which。
9. shwing 考查非谓语动词。宾语从句中已有谓语动词d cmmunicate，此处用非谓语动词。主语sme animals和动词shw是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填shwing。
10. t 考查固定搭配。be clse t表示“接近于”，为固定短语，故填t。
B
High n the QinghaiTibet Plateau 1. ________ (lie) China's “water twer” Sanjiangyuan. It is hme t the headwaters f China's three rivers: the Yellw River, Yangtze River, and Lancang(Mekng) River. It is the three rivers 2. ________ prvide water fr abut half the ppulatin f China. Hwever, human activities are putting this ecsystem 3. ________ risk. Hpefully, thugh, we can repair this damage. In 2016, the Chinese gvernment established Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park in Qinghai Prvince. The park, 4. ________ (schedule) t pen in 2020, has increased the area's green cverage and attracted mre wildlife. The lcal gvernment has als made great effrts t imprve bilgical diversity. The success f Sanjiangyuan will mark the start f a 5. ________ (green) future. With Sanjiangyuan 6. ________ (take) the lead, nine ther regins in China 7. ________ (chse) by a field cnservatin statin t carry ut prjects ver the past three years, 8. ________ will frm a natinal park system tgether. The idea f a natinal park system is still new in China, but 9. ________ (it) realisatin is urgent. After all, building an eclgical civilisatin bears great 10. ________ (imprtant) in the develpment and prgress f human civilisatin.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在三江源生态保护区的带动下，中国正在进行全国范围内的生态保护系统的建设，这将对人类文明的发展和进步起到重要的作用。
1. lies 考查倒装和动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，本句为倒装句，主语为China's “water twer” Sanjiangyuan可视为第三人称单数形式，所填空为本句的谓语动词，时态应是一般现在时，故填lies。
2. that 考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，将句中的it is 删掉之后，句子结构完整。由此推知本题考查强调句型：it is ＋强调部分＋that＋其他内容。故填that。
3. at 考查固定搭配。put sth. at risk意为“使某事物处于危险之中”，为固定搭配，故填at。
4. scheduled 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语动词为has increased，因此所填空用非谓语。所填词与之前的名词之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填scheduled。
5. greener 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处强调与现状相比，未来更加“绿化”，因此所填空应是形容词比较级，故填greener。
6. taking 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，所填空为with复合结构。所填动词与之前的名词之间为主动关系，应用v.ing形式。故填taking。
7. have been chsen 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填谓语。根据之后的时间状语“ver the past three years”可知用现在完成时，且动词与主语之间为被动关系，应填have been dne结构，故填have been chsen。
8. which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“8. ________ will frm a natinal park system tgether”应是之前的名词短语“nine ther regins”的非限制性定语从句，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
9. its 考查物主代词。空后为名词，因此应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
10. imprtance 考查词性转换。空前为形容词great，因此应填名词形式。所给词imprtant为形容词，意为“重要的”，其名词形式为imprtance，故填imprtance。
Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子
1. 那次事故后，他和妻子从这个城市搬到了另一个城市。(mve)
He and his wife mved frm this city t anther after that accident.
2. 我一直在打扫房间，还没有扫完。(现在完成进行时)
I have been cleaning the huse but I still haven't finished.
3. 我通过听英语歌提高英语。(by)
I imprve my English by listening t English sngs．
4. 你是怎么设法做成这样的事的？(manage)
Hw did yu manage t d such a thing?
5. 直到我认出他来他才摘下墨镜。(nt... until...)
He didn't take ff his dark glasses until I recgnised him.
B组·能力提升
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
Researchers have recrded penguins making sunds underwater fr the first time — the first time such behaviur has been identified in seabirds. These animals, like ther seabirds, are highly vcal n land. They are knwn t cmmunicate when their heads are abve the water in the cean, pssibly fr the purpses f grup frmatin.
Hwever, until the latest study — published in the jurnal Zlgical Science — it was nt knwn whether penguins made sunds underwater, like sme ther airbreathing marine predatrs, such as whales and dlphins. Fr their research, a team f scientists led by Andréa frm Nelsn Mandela University in Suth Africa, wanted t investigate this issue. T d s, they fitted adult penguins frm three species with vide cameras featuring builtin micrphnes.
T the surprise f Andréa and her clleagues, the team recrded a ttal f 203 underwater vcalisatins frm the penguins in the underwater ftage they captured ver a mnthlng perid in 2019. These are the first recrdings f seabirds prducing vcalisatins underwater. “I culdn't believe it. I had t replay it many times，” Andréa said.
The vcalisatins that the team recrded — which sund like rapid whps — were very shrt in duratin, lasting abut 0.06 secnds n average. And all f these sunds were emitted (发出) during dives in which the animals were searching fr fd. Currently, it is nt clear why the penguins are making these sunds; hwever, they nly prduce them while hunting. In fact, mre than 50 percent f the vcalisatins were immediately preceded by an acceleratin mvement r fllwed by an attempt t hunt.
Accrding t the researchers this suggests that the sunds are related t hunting behaviur — especially because the penguins tend t be alne when they make them, indicating that cmmunicatin was nt the purpse. The researchers guess that the penguins may be using the vcalisatins t stun (使昏迷) their prey. Hwever, much mre research is required t determine why the penguins make these sunds, the scientists nte.
1. Hw des Andréa's team cnduct the study abut penguins?
A. By recrding penguins' sunds n land.
B. By fixing electrnic devices n the penguins.
C. By bserving penguins' activities underwater.
D. By catching different kinds f adult penguins.
2. What can we infer frm Andréa's wrds in Paragraph 3?
A. Penguins' sunds are t lw t hear.
B. She dubts if penguins culd make sunds.
C. Penguins seldm make sunds underwater.
D. It's nt easy t btain penguins' sunds underwater.
3. When d penguins prbably prduce sunds underwater?
A. When they take a deep breath.
B. When they dive t hunt fr fd.
C. When they teach their babies diving.
D. When they cmmunicate with their partners.
4. What is the scientists' attitude twards the research results?
A. Cautius. B. Negative. C. Supprtive. D. Indifferent.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员首次记录到企鹅在水下发出的声音，他们猜测企鹅可能是在用发声来击昏猎物。然而，科学家们指出需要更多的研究来确定企鹅发出这些声音的原因。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“they fitted adult penguins frm three species with vide cameras featuring builtin micrphnes”可知，安德里亚的团队是通过在企鹅身上安装电子设备而进行研究的，故B项正确。
2. D 句意猜测题。根据第三段中的“These are the first recrdings f seabirds prducing vcalisatins underwater. ‘I culdn't believe it. I had t replay it many times，’ Andréa said.”可知，记录到企鹅在水下发出的声音是很不容易的，故D项正确。
3. B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“And all f these sunds were emitted (发出) during dives in which the animals were searching fr fd. Currently, it is nt clear why the penguins are making these sunds; hwever, they nly prduce them while hunting.”可知，企鹅可能会在潜水觅食的时候发出声音，故B项正确。
4. A 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers guess that the penguins may be using the vcalisatins t stun (使昏迷) their prey. Hwever, much mre research is required t determine why the penguins make these sunds, the scientists nte.”，特别是“much mre research”可知，科学家对研究结果持谨慎态度，故A项正确。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2020·山东六地市联合测试)Bend, a small twn in Oregn, is called “mn cuntry”. Befre the astrnauts ever 1 it t the mn, they trained in Bend. When Jim Irwin came t Bend fr 2 ， he made friends with Flyd Watsn, a(n) 3 resident, wh was the building inspectr fr the city. Five years later, Irwin was 4 fr the Apll 15 mn landing.
When the news that his ld friend wuld g t the mn came t Watsn's 5 ， he chse a piece f lava rck (火山岩) near Devil's Lake, 6 it in paper. Then he psted it t Irwin with a letter where he 7 him and made a request, “I am sending yu a 8 piece f Central Oregn lava, which I hpe yu will be able t 9 t the mn fr me.” Off went the letter, and Watsn thught 10 f it. A few mnths later, n July 26, 1971, Irwin 11 t the mn with David Sctt and Alfred Wrden.
And a few weeks after their 12 ， Watsn gt an unexpected letter frm Irwin. “I did carry yur piece f lava t the mn and left it there，” Irwin wrte — and enclsed (附上) a 13 f it, with the small piece f Oregn lava 14 with an arrw and the wrds “Oregn lava n the mn！” Fr Watsn the letter and the picture were 15 . And, f curse, he never lked at the mn the same way again.
1. A. didB. madeC. tkD. grasped
2. A. adventureB. researchC. amusementD. practice
3. A. lcalB. aggressiveC. giftedD. academic
4. A. carried utB. picked utC. ruled utD. checked ut
5. A. senseB. rescueC. knwledgeD. assistance
6. A. envelpedB. measuredC. designedD. transfrmed
7. A. thankedB. welcmedC. cngratulatedD. fllwed
8. A. hugeB. valuableC. uniqueD. tiny
9. A. flyB. deliverC. rbitD. flat
10. A. muchB. highlyC. littleD. lw
11. A. escapedB. rushedC. wanderedD. jurneyed
12. A. arrivalB. returnC. applicatinD. campaign
13. A. pstcardB. drawingC. phtD. nte
14. A. equippedB. decratedC. cveredD. marked
15. A. reliableB. preciusC. permanentD. realistic
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。宇航员Jim Irwin在美国俄勒冈州Bend小镇接受登月训练时，结交了一位当地好友Flyd Watsn。当Watsn听说Irwin被选为“阿波罗15号”登月宇航员时，他希望好友把一小块取自Bend小镇湖边的火山岩放到月球上。Irwin的确把这块火山岩送上了月球，并拍照留念。
1. B make it为固定短语，意为“获得成功”，符合句意。
2. D 根据上文中的“Befre the astrnauts ever 1 it t the mn, they trained in Bend.”及下文中的“Irwin was 4 fr the Apll 15 mn landing” “Irwin 11 t the mn with David Sctt and Alfred Wrden”可知，Jim Irwin是一名宇航员，来到Bend接受登月训练。practice意为“练习，训练”，符合句意。
3. A 根据下文中的“wh was the building inspectr fr the city”可以判断Flyd Watsn是当地(lcal)居民。
4. B 五年后，Irwin被“阿波罗15号”登月计划选中。pick ut意为“精心挑选”，符合句意。
5. C 根据下文Watsn给好朋友写信及信的内容可知，此处表示Watsn得知了这一消息。cme t ne's knwledge意为“被某人知道”。
6. A envelp表示“包住，裹住”，符合语境。
7. C 得知好朋友被选上，Watsn应是写信表示祝贺(cngratulated)。
8. D 这块被送到月球上的火山岩很小，下文中的“with the small piece f Oregn lava”有提示。
9. B deliver在此是“传送，递送”之意，符合句意。
10. C 根据下文中的“Watsn gt an unexpected letter frm Irwin”可知，此处表示信寄出去了，从此Watsn很少想到这件事，所以后来他收到回信才会感到出乎意料。think little f意为“不重视”。
11. D 根据语境可知，Irwin和其他两人前往月球。此处jurney作动词，表示“旅行(尤指长途)”。
12. B 在他们返回(return)地球几个星期后，Watsn意外收到了Irwin的来信。
13. C 根据下文中的“the letter and the picture”可知，Irwin随信还附了一张有火山岩的照片(pht)。
14. D mark在此是动词，意为“做标记，做记号”，be marked with在此意为“用……标注”。
15. B 根据语境和下文中的“And, f curse, he never lked at the mn the same way again.”可知，对Watsn来说，那封信和那张照片是很珍贵的(precius)。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
Mnkeys d nt like it when thers get mre fd 1. ________ they d, accrding t a new study.
Researchers frm Yale and Harvard Universities fund Capuchin mnkeys punish mnkeys 2. ________ get mre fd. “This srt f, ‘If I can't have it, n ne can’ respnse is because 3. ________ psychlgical spite (怨恨), and it was 4. ________ (previus) thught unique t humans，” said Kristin Leimgruber f Harvard University. She is a cauthr f the research study. The researchers watched as sme Capuchin mnkeys 5. ________ (give) mre fd than thers. They fund that mnkeys getting the 6. ________ (small) share pulled a rpe t fld up a table hlding the ther mnkey's bigger share.
Anther lead researcher, Laurie Sants, 7. ________ (explain) ver email, “I think what we can cnclude abut humans is that sme f ur mre embarrassing tendencies have relatively deep 8. ________ (rt)．” Sants said the spiteful respnse was nt present with anther member f the ape species — chimpanzees (黑猩猩)．
An earlier study, she said, shwed chimpanzees wuld fld up the table f ther chimpanzees 9. ________ (steal) fd frm them. But they wuld nt punish chimpanzees wh just happened 10. ________ (have) mre fd, Sants said. In ther wrds, it was fine if anther chimpanzee had mre fd as lng as they did nt steal it.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了猴子和猩猩与人类之间的相似之处。它们会和人类一样有嫉妒心。
1. than 考查连词。根据比较级mre可知填than。
2. that/which/wh 考查定语从句。本句为定语从句修饰先行词mnkeys，且关系词在从句中作主语，既可以填关系代词wh，也可以填关系代词that/which。故填关系代词that/which/wh。
3. f 考查固定用法。because f为固定短语，意为“因为”，故填f。
4. previusly 考查副词。副词修饰谓语动词作状语，故填previusly。
5. were given 考查动词的时态和语态。根据主句的谓语动词watched 可知，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去时，再结合句意可知用被动语态，故填were given。
6. smaller 考查形容词的比较级。根据下文中的“bigger”可知，此处用比较级，故填smaller。
7. explained 考查动词的时态。事情已经发生，用一般过去时，故填explained。
8. rts 考查名词的单复数。rt是可数名词，此处用复数形式作宾语，故填rts。
9. stealing 考查非谓语动词。此处现在分词作定语，与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故填stealing。
10. t have 考查固定用法。happen t d sth. 为固定表达，意为“碰巧做某事”，故填t have。
必修第一册 Unit 5 Int the wild
A组·基础巩固
Ⅰ. 语法填空
A
Yu may nt want t admit it, but actually at ne time in yur life, yu've talked t an animal. Maybe it was letting a dg knw it was a gd dg 1. ________ asking a cat where it had been. Maybe yu gave wrds f 2. ________ (encurage) t an elephant r sclded a sheep. Whichever animal it was yu talked t, ne thing is fr sure: it prbably didn't talk back. What if it culd? 3. ________ (science)are wrking n ways t nt nly understand what animals are saying，but als study whether they can talk back ne day. Maybe their wrk will change 4. ________ way we think abut animals in the future.
S far, n ne 5. ________ (prve) that an animal r a species has a language, partly because there is n 6. ________ (universe) idea f what can be cnsidered as a language. But 7. ________ (brad) speaking, language shuld be a distinct and rganised frm f cmmunicatin, 8. ________ has been learned and used willingly.When yur dg barks, yu dn't cnsider it as language. The reasn is that dgs are brn with the ability. But sme studies suggest that sme animals d cmmunicate in a very cmplex manner 9. ________ (shw) characteristics f language. S，maybe we are clse 10. ________ talking with animals.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。生活中存在人和动物对话的情况，其实动物也有自己的语言。科学家们不仅在研究动物们说什么，而且还在研究有朝一日它们是否会回应。
1. r 考查连词。此处指你和动物谈话的内容，两者是选择关系，故填r。
2. encuragement 考查词性转换。此处和f连用修饰名词wrds，用名词，指“鼓励的话”，故填encuragement。
3. Scientists 考查名词。此处作主语用名词；根据句意可知，表示“科学家”，与动词are一致用复数，故填Scientists。
4. the 考查冠词。此处特指我们对未来动物的看法，表特指用定冠词，故填the。
5. has prved/prven 考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语S far可知用现在完成时，与主语n ne一致用单数，故填has prved/prven。
6. universal 考查形容词。修饰句中的名词idea用形容词，指“普遍的想法”，故填universal。
7. bradly 考查副词。修饰speaking用副词，指“一般地说，广义地说”，故填bradly。
8. which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，句中包含非限制性定语从句，指代前面的frm用关系代词which引导，故填which。
9. shwing 考查非谓语动词。宾语从句中已有谓语动词d cmmunicate，此处用非谓语动词。主语sme animals和动词shw是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填shwing。
10. t 考查固定搭配。be clse t表示“接近于”，为固定短语，故填t。
B
High n the QinghaiTibet Plateau 1. ________ (lie) China's “water twer” Sanjiangyuan. It is hme t the headwaters f China's three rivers: the Yellw River, Yangtze River, and Lancang(Mekng) River. It is the three rivers 2. ________ prvide water fr abut half the ppulatin f China. Hwever, human activities are putting this ecsystem 3. ________ risk. Hpefully, thugh, we can repair this damage. In 2016, the Chinese gvernment established Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park in Qinghai Prvince. The park, 4. ________ (schedule) t pen in 2020, has increased the area's green cverage and attracted mre wildlife. The lcal gvernment has als made great effrts t imprve bilgical diversity. The success f Sanjiangyuan will mark the start f a 5. ________ (green) future. With Sanjiangyuan 6. ________ (take) the lead, nine ther regins in China 7. ________ (chse) by a field cnservatin statin t carry ut prjects ver the past three years, 8. ________ will frm a natinal park system tgether. The idea f a natinal park system is still new in China, but 9. ________ (it) realisatin is urgent. After all, building an eclgical civilisatin bears great 10. ________ (imprtant) in the develpment and prgress f human civilisatin.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在三江源生态保护区的带动下，中国正在进行全国范围内的生态保护系统的建设，这将对人类文明的发展和进步起到重要的作用。
1. lies 考查倒装和动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，本句为倒装句，主语为China's “water twer” Sanjiangyuan可视为第三人称单数形式，所填空为本句的谓语动词，时态应是一般现在时，故填lies。
2. that 考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，将句中的it is 删掉之后，句子结构完整。由此推知本题考查强调句型：it is ＋强调部分＋that＋其他内容。故填that。
3. at 考查固定搭配。put sth. at risk意为“使某事物处于危险之中”，为固定搭配，故填at。
4. scheduled 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语动词为has increased，因此所填空用非谓语。所填词与之前的名词之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填scheduled。
5. greener 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处强调与现状相比，未来更加“绿化”，因此所填空应是形容词比较级，故填greener。
6. taking 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，所填空为with复合结构。所填动词与之前的名词之间为主动关系，应用v.ing形式。故填taking。
7. have been chsen 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填谓语。根据之后的时间状语“ver the past three years”可知用现在完成时，且动词与主语之间为被动关系，应填have been dne结构，故填have been chsen。
8. which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“8. ________ will frm a natinal park system tgether”应是之前的名词短语“nine ther regins”的非限制性定语从句，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
9. its 考查物主代词。空后为名词，因此应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
10. imprtance 考查词性转换。空前为形容词great，因此应填名词形式。所给词imprtant为形容词，意为“重要的”，其名词形式为imprtance，故填imprtance。
Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子
1. 那次事故后，他和妻子从这个城市搬到了另一个城市。(mve)
He and his wife mved frm this city t anther after that accident.
2. 我一直在打扫房间，还没有扫完。(现在完成进行时)
I have been cleaning the huse but I still haven't finished.
3. 我通过听英语歌提高英语。(by)
I imprve my English by listening t English sngs．
4. 你是怎么设法做成这样的事的？(manage)
Hw did yu manage t d such a thing?
5. 直到我认出他来他才摘下墨镜。(nt... until...)
He didn't take ff his dark glasses until I recgnised him.
B组·能力提升
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
Researchers have recrded penguins making sunds underwater fr the first time — the first time such behaviur has been identified in seabirds. These animals, like ther seabirds, are highly vcal n land. They are knwn t cmmunicate when their heads are abve the water in the cean, pssibly fr the purpses f grup frmatin.
Hwever, until the latest study — published in the jurnal Zlgical Science — it was nt knwn whether penguins made sunds underwater, like sme ther airbreathing marine predatrs, such as whales and dlphins. Fr their research, a team f scientists led by Andréa frm Nelsn Mandela University in Suth Africa, wanted t investigate this issue. T d s, they fitted adult penguins frm three species with vide cameras featuring builtin micrphnes.
T the surprise f Andréa and her clleagues, the team recrded a ttal f 203 underwater vcalisatins frm the penguins in the underwater ftage they captured ver a mnthlng perid in 2019. These are the first recrdings f seabirds prducing vcalisatins underwater. “I culdn't believe it. I had t replay it many times，” Andréa said.
The vcalisatins that the team recrded — which sund like rapid whps — were very shrt in duratin, lasting abut 0.06 secnds n average. And all f these sunds were emitted (发出) during dives in which the animals were searching fr fd. Currently, it is nt clear why the penguins are making these sunds; hwever, they nly prduce them while hunting. In fact, mre than 50 percent f the vcalisatins were immediately preceded by an acceleratin mvement r fllwed by an attempt t hunt.
Accrding t the researchers this suggests that the sunds are related t hunting behaviur — especially because the penguins tend t be alne when they make them, indicating that cmmunicatin was nt the purpse. The researchers guess that the penguins may be using the vcalisatins t stun (使昏迷) their prey. Hwever, much mre research is required t determine why the penguins make these sunds, the scientists nte.
1. Hw des Andréa's team cnduct the study abut penguins?
A. By recrding penguins' sunds n land.
B. By fixing electrnic devices n the penguins.
C. By bserving penguins' activities underwater.
D. By catching different kinds f adult penguins.
2. What can we infer frm Andréa's wrds in Paragraph 3?
A. Penguins' sunds are t lw t hear.
B. She dubts if penguins culd make sunds.
C. Penguins seldm make sunds underwater.
D. It's nt easy t btain penguins' sunds underwater.
3. When d penguins prbably prduce sunds underwater?
A. When they take a deep breath.
B. When they dive t hunt fr fd.
C. When they teach their babies diving.
D. When they cmmunicate with their partners.
4. What is the scientists' attitude twards the research results?
A. Cautius. B. Negative. C. Supprtive. D. Indifferent.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员首次记录到企鹅在水下发出的声音，他们猜测企鹅可能是在用发声来击昏猎物。然而，科学家们指出需要更多的研究来确定企鹅发出这些声音的原因。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“they fitted adult penguins frm three species with vide cameras featuring builtin micrphnes”可知，安德里亚的团队是通过在企鹅身上安装电子设备而进行研究的，故B项正确。
2. D 句意猜测题。根据第三段中的“These are the first recrdings f seabirds prducing vcalisatins underwater. ‘I culdn't believe it. I had t replay it many times，’ Andréa said.”可知，记录到企鹅在水下发出的声音是很不容易的，故D项正确。
3. B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“And all f these sunds were emitted (发出) during dives in which the animals were searching fr fd. Currently, it is nt clear why the penguins are making these sunds; hwever, they nly prduce them while hunting.”可知，企鹅可能会在潜水觅食的时候发出声音，故B项正确。
4. A 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers guess that the penguins may be using the vcalisatins t stun (使昏迷) their prey. Hwever, much mre research is required t determine why the penguins make these sunds, the scientists nte.”，特别是“much mre research”可知，科学家对研究结果持谨慎态度，故A项正确。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2020·山东六地市联合测试)Bend, a small twn in Oregn, is called “mn cuntry”. Befre the astrnauts ever 1 it t the mn, they trained in Bend. When Jim Irwin came t Bend fr 2 ， he made friends with Flyd Watsn, a(n) 3 resident, wh was the building inspectr fr the city. Five years later, Irwin was 4 fr the Apll 15 mn landing.
When the news that his ld friend wuld g t the mn came t Watsn's 5 ， he chse a piece f lava rck (火山岩) near Devil's Lake, 6 it in paper. Then he psted it t Irwin with a letter where he 7 him and made a request, “I am sending yu a 8 piece f Central Oregn lava, which I hpe yu will be able t 9 t the mn fr me.” Off went the letter, and Watsn thught 10 f it. A few mnths later, n July 26, 1971, Irwin 11 t the mn with David Sctt and Alfred Wrden.
And a few weeks after their 12 ， Watsn gt an unexpected letter frm Irwin. “I did carry yur piece f lava t the mn and left it there，” Irwin wrte — and enclsed (附上) a 13 f it, with the small piece f Oregn lava 14 with an arrw and the wrds “Oregn lava n the mn！” Fr Watsn the letter and the picture were 15 . And, f curse, he never lked at the mn the same way again.
1. A. didB. madeC. tkD. grasped
2. A. adventureB. researchC. amusementD. practice
3. A. lcalB. aggressiveC. giftedD. academic
4. A. carried utB. picked utC. ruled utD. checked ut
5. A. senseB. rescueC. knwledgeD. assistance
6. A. envelpedB. measuredC. designedD. transfrmed
7. A. thankedB. welcmedC. cngratulatedD. fllwed
8. A. hugeB. valuableC. uniqueD. tiny
9. A. flyB. deliverC. rbitD. flat
10. A. muchB. highlyC. littleD. lw
11. A. escapedB. rushedC. wanderedD. jurneyed
12. A. arrivalB. returnC. applicatinD. campaign
13. A. pstcardB. drawingC. phtD. nte
14. A. equippedB. decratedC. cveredD. marked
15. A. reliableB. preciusC. permanentD. realistic
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。宇航员Jim Irwin在美国俄勒冈州Bend小镇接受登月训练时，结交了一位当地好友Flyd Watsn。当Watsn听说Irwin被选为“阿波罗15号”登月宇航员时，他希望好友把一小块取自Bend小镇湖边的火山岩放到月球上。Irwin的确把这块火山岩送上了月球，并拍照留念。
1. B make it为固定短语，意为“获得成功”，符合句意。
2. D 根据上文中的“Befre the astrnauts ever 1 it t the mn, they trained in Bend.”及下文中的“Irwin was 4 fr the Apll 15 mn landing” “Irwin 11 t the mn with David Sctt and Alfred Wrden”可知，Jim Irwin是一名宇航员，来到Bend接受登月训练。practice意为“练习，训练”，符合句意。
3. A 根据下文中的“wh was the building inspectr fr the city”可以判断Flyd Watsn是当地(lcal)居民。
4. B 五年后，Irwin被“阿波罗15号”登月计划选中。pick ut意为“精心挑选”，符合句意。
5. C 根据下文Watsn给好朋友写信及信的内容可知，此处表示Watsn得知了这一消息。cme t ne's knwledge意为“被某人知道”。
6. A envelp表示“包住，裹住”，符合语境。
7. C 得知好朋友被选上，Watsn应是写信表示祝贺(cngratulated)。
8. D 这块被送到月球上的火山岩很小，下文中的“with the small piece f Oregn lava”有提示。
9. B deliver在此是“传送，递送”之意，符合句意。
10. C 根据下文中的“Watsn gt an unexpected letter frm Irwin”可知，此处表示信寄出去了，从此Watsn很少想到这件事，所以后来他收到回信才会感到出乎意料。think little f意为“不重视”。
11. D 根据语境可知，Irwin和其他两人前往月球。此处jurney作动词，表示“旅行(尤指长途)”。
12. B 在他们返回(return)地球几个星期后，Watsn意外收到了Irwin的来信。
13. C 根据下文中的“the letter and the picture”可知，Irwin随信还附了一张有火山岩的照片(pht)。
14. D mark在此是动词，意为“做标记，做记号”，be marked with在此意为“用……标注”。
15. B 根据语境和下文中的“And, f curse, he never lked at the mn the same way again.”可知，对Watsn来说，那封信和那张照片是很珍贵的(precius)。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
Mnkeys d nt like it when thers get mre fd 1. ________ they d, accrding t a new study.
Researchers frm Yale and Harvard Universities fund Capuchin mnkeys punish mnkeys 2. ________ get mre fd. “This srt f, ‘If I can't have it, n ne can’ respnse is because 3. ________ psychlgical spite (怨恨), and it was 4. ________ (previus) thught unique t humans，” said Kristin Leimgruber f Harvard University. She is a cauthr f the research study. The researchers watched as sme Capuchin mnkeys 5. ________ (give) mre fd than thers. They fund that mnkeys getting the 6. ________ (small) share pulled a rpe t fld up a table hlding the ther mnkey's bigger share.
Anther lead researcher, Laurie Sants, 7. ________ (explain) ver email, “I think what we can cnclude abut humans is that sme f ur mre embarrassing tendencies have relatively deep 8. ________ (rt)．” Sants said the spiteful respnse was nt present with anther member f the ape species — chimpanzees (黑猩猩)．
An earlier study, she said, shwed chimpanzees wuld fld up the table f ther chimpanzees 9. ________ (steal) fd frm them. But they wuld nt punish chimpanzees wh just happened 10. ________ (have) mre fd, Sants said. In ther wrds, it was fine if anther chimpanzee had mre fd as lng as they did nt steal it.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了猴子和猩猩与人类之间的相似之处。它们会和人类一样有嫉妒心。
1. than 考查连词。根据比较级mre可知填than。
2. that/which/wh 考查定语从句。本句为定语从句修饰先行词mnkeys，且关系词在从句中作主语，既可以填关系代词wh，也可以填关系代词that/which。故填关系代词that/which/wh。
3. f 考查固定用法。because f为固定短语，意为“因为”，故填f。
4. previusly 考查副词。副词修饰谓语动词作状语，故填previusly。
5. were given 考查动词的时态和语态。根据主句的谓语动词watched 可知，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去时，再结合句意可知用被动语态，故填were given。
6. smaller 考查形容词的比较级。根据下文中的“bigger”可知，此处用比较级，故填smaller。
7. explained 考查动词的时态。事情已经发生，用一般过去时，故填explained。
8. rts 考查名词的单复数。rt是可数名词，此处用复数形式作宾语，故填rts。
9. stealing 考查非谓语动词。此处现在分词作定语，与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故填stealing。
10. t have 考查固定用法。happen t d sth. 为固定表达，意为“碰巧做某事”，故填t have。
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