(人教版)高考英语一轮复习课件 必修3 Unit 4 (含详解)

这是一份(人教版)高考英语一轮复习课件 必修3 Unit 4 (含详解)，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了invention　，探险考察　，太空行走　，advanced　，太空之旅　，开始产生成立　，载人宇宙飞船　，太阳活动　，改变某人的生活　，实现　等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1　　话题词句 • 晨读晚诵
2　　必备知识 • 探究提升
3　　核心素养 • 重点突破
4　　高效演练 • 素能提升
话题词句 • 晨读晚诵
1．_____________ n．发明2．explre v．______________3．spacewalk n．____________4．______________ n．现象5．____________ adj.高级的； 先进的；领先的6．a space travel____________7．cme int existence__________________8．manned spaceship________________
9．________________________发射卫星10．slar activity____________11．_________________对……感到自豪12．change ne's life__________________13．cme true ________14．in the field f science______________15．imprve the quality f life fr humans ______________________
launch a satellite　
1．___________________________________ mdern technlgy brings us cnvenience and cmfrt in life.毫无疑问，现代科技给我们的生活带来方便和舒适。 2．The develpment f science and technlgy ______________________________ the dream f ging int uter space.科学技术的发展使得中国实现进入外太空的梦想变得可能。3．Space explratin is ____________________ human beings.太空探险是人类的一大挑战。
It ges withut saying that　
makes it pssible fr China t realize　
a challenge t　
必备知识 • 探究提升
1.______________n.大气层；气氛2._________adj.太阳的；日光的3.________adv.因此；于是4.___________n.万有引力；重力5.___________n.气候6._________vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落
7.________n.& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力8._________vi& vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮 n．漂浮物9.__________n.系统；体系；制度10.__________n.学说；理论
1.Accustmed t the____________ (气候) in the cuntryside, the ld cuple prefer nt t mve t the meeting was held in a lively ______________ (气氛)where everybdy felt free t share his fund smething ____________ (flat) n the lake, which frightened him.
4.The ld scientist tld his students that scientific ____________(thery) must be based n uncle's car caught fire by the rad. Frtunately, he was __________ (pull) ut f the car by a passer－by.6.A truck went ut f cntrl and ___________ (crash) int the back f a bus.
1._____________ n．天文学→______________ n．天文学家2.___________ adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→___________ n. 暴力；猛烈3.____________ n. 宗教；宗教信仰→_____________ adj.宗教的4._________ n. 球体；地球仪→__________ adj.全球的5.___________ adj.有害的→________ n．& vt.损伤；伤害→____________ adj. 无害的6.___________ n. 生物学；生物→_____________ n．生物学家
7.__________ adj. 温和的；文雅的→__________ adv.温柔地；文雅地8.__________ n．谜；难题v.(使)迷惑；(使)为难→____________ adj.令人迷惑的→___________ adj.困惑的；迷惑不解的9._________ vi.存生；生存→____________ adj.目前的；现存的→_____________ n．存在；生存
1.There was a ___________ lk n the little girl's face because a ____________ prblem ___________ her. (puzzle)2.Last night we had a discussin, which became mre and mre ___________. Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use ____________ whatever happens. (vilent) 3.Playing cmputer games will nt nly d ________ t yur physical health, but it is als ___________ t yur mental health. S there is n ________ in advising yu t give it up.(harm)
4.He ften says that he desn't believe in any ____________ but meanwhile he respects thers' _____________ freedm. (religin) 5.Since my yunger brther is fnd f ___________，he is determined t becme a _____________ when he grws up. (bilgy).
联想积累：1．以字母le或ue结尾的形容词变副词去掉e再加－y或ly①gentle→gently　　　　温和地②pssible→pssibly　　　　可能地③cmfrtable→cmfrtably　　　　舒服地④true→truly　　　　真实地⑤terrible→terribly　　　　可怕地⑥simple→simply　　　　简单地
2．以－ful结尾的形容词①harmful　　　　有害的②useful　　　　有用的③helpful　　　　有帮助的④pwerful强大的⑤careful　　　　小心的⑥faithful　　　　忠实的
3．un－前缀高频形容词集锦①unlike　　　　不像的②unfair　　　　不公平的③unimprtant　　　　不重要的④unusual　　　　不寻常的⑤unhappy　　　　不幸福的⑥unfrtunate　　　　不幸运的⑦unsuccessful　　　　不成功的
Ⅱ.重点短语语境助记写准记牢1.____________及时；终于2._____________下蛋3.___________________产生；分娩4.____________________轮到某人；接着5.___________________密切注意；当心；提防6._____________感到高兴；感到振奋7.______________依靠；取决于
in time　lay eggs　give birth t　in ne's turn　watch ut fr　cheer up　depend n　　
8.______________ 突发；爆发9._____________________阻止；制止10.______________挡住(光线)11.______________________熟悉；掌握；理解12._____________既然
get the hang f　
语境运用1.With the sng ging n, I _______________ and regained my cnfidence gradually.2.I warned him t ___________________ the dg when he came int my huse. 3.Mrs. Brwn pulled dwn the curtains in her bedrm t ______________ the strng sister ___________________ a healthy baby last night, which made all my family very last the firefighters put ut the fire in the supermarket, which ______________ at ten this mrning.
cheered up　
watch ut fr　
gave birth t　
联想积累：1．表达“小心；当心”的高频短语荟萃①watch ut (fr)　　　　小心；当心②lk ut　　　　当心③take care　　　　小心④be careful　　　　小心
2．“动词sb.frm”表“阻止，禁止”短语①discurage sb. frm ding sth.②stp sb. frm ding sth.③ban sb. frm ding sth.④keep sb. frm ding sth.⑤prevent sb. frm ding sth.
3．“动词＋ut”短语荟萃①blck ut　　　　挡住(光线)②break ut　　　　突发；爆发③find ut　　　　查出；弄明白④die ut灭绝⑤put ut　　　　扑灭
made it impssible fr the Plaza 　
three times as much time 　　
and energy as 　
Nw that yu are crazy abut table 　
greatly tuched　
核心素养 • 重点突破
1．harmful adj.有害的；伤害的
harm n．& vt. 损伤；伤害harmless adj. 无害的
(1)be harmful t sb.对某人有害(2)d/cause sb.harm (＝d/cause harm t sb.) 对某人有害d mre harm than gd 弊大于利There's (n) harm in (sb.'s ) ding sth.(某人)做某事(没)有害处mean n harm 没有恶意
单句语法填空。①As we all knw, a bad eating habit is ___________(harm) t ne's health.②As far as I'm cncerned, there is n harm ______ making an aplgy t him first.③(浙江卷)Light pllutin des harm ______ the eyesight f animals.一句多译。有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的程度，这对他们的健康非常有害。④Sme bys are t crazy abut playing games n the cmputer, _______________________________________________.⑤Sme bys are t crazy abut playing games n the cmputer, and ____________________________________________.
which is very harmful t their health　
it des great harm t their health　
2．exist vi.存在；生存；存活；继续存在
existence n. 存在；生存existing adj. 目前的；现存的
(1)There exists/existed ...某地有……；存在……exist n (live n) sth.靠某物生存exist by 靠……方式为生exist in 存在于……之中(2)cme int existence 开始存在；成立in existence 现存的；现有的
exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。
完成句子。①As is knwn t us, _________________ a generatin gap between the yung and the ld.众所周知，青年人和老年人之间存在着代沟。②Yu can't imagine what difficulty they have ________________ the mney he is earning.你无法想象他们靠他挣的那点钱维持生活是多么的困难。
there exists　
existing n　
单句语法填空。③Scientists have many theries abut hw the universe first came int _____________ (exist)．④(上海高考)What is the ____________(exist) prblem with standing n the right and walking n the left?⑤Even thugh he is a little by, strange ideas always exist ______ his mind.单句写作。⑥(北京高考书面表达)在我们学校自行车的存放地是一个长久以来就存在的问题。The parking place fr bikes __________________________________ in ur schl.
was an existing prblem fr a lng time　
3．puzzle n．迷；难题　vi.& vt.(使)迷惑；(使)为难
puzzling adj.令人迷惑的puzzled adj.迷惑不解的；困惑的
(1)puzzle abut/ver 苦苦思索；仔细琢磨puzzle sth.ut 琢磨出……的答案；开动脑筋be puzzled by 被……迷惑(2)a puzzle t sb.一件让某人感到困惑的事情be in a puzzle 感到困惑；不知如何是好(3)be puzzled abut 对……迷惑不解
完成句子。①(牛津高阶)He was trying t _______________ why he had been brught t the huse.他想弄明白自己为何被带到这所房子。②_____________________________________ was that they culd nt find the cause f the disease.使医生最困惑的是他们找不到致病的原因。③I'm _________________ as t what t d next.对于下一步该做什么我不知道。
What puzzled the dctrs mst　
in a puzzle　
④Where the missing plane has gne still remains _________________ us.失联飞机去了哪儿对我们来说仍是个谜。单句语法填空。⑤The ___________ lk n her face suggested she was ____________ ver the ____________ maths prblem.(puzzle)
a puzzle t　
4．pull n．& vt.拉(力)；托；牵引力
pull thrugh 康复；痊愈pull dwn 拉下(窗帘等)；拆毁；拆掉(房屋等)pull ut 拔出；(列车等)出站；启程pull in (列车等)驶进；到站；(船)靠岸pull sb.thrugh (使)渡过危机(难关)pull 把……往上拽；停止pull ver (机动车辆等)停靠(在路边)
完成句子。①(全国卷Ⅰ)Larry ________________， set the brake and gt hld f the fire extinguisher(灭火器)．拉里停下车，将车设为制动状态并抓起灭火器开始灭火。②(江苏高考)I nw regularly________________ my phne t check a fact, watch a vide, read weib.现在我会定期拿出手机核查事实，看录像及读微博。③He _______________ his cat and jined us in the wrk.他脱去上衣，便和我们一起干了起来。
pulled ver　
④The plice car signaled t us t ____________.警车发出信号，要我们驶向路边停靠。⑤They are _________________ thse huses t make rm fr a new htel.为了给新旅馆腾地，他们正在拆除那些房屋。⑥Everyne was very cncerned whether he wuld _________________ r nt.每个人都很关心他是否能痊愈。
pulling dwn　
pull thrugh　
1．in time 及时；终于；总有一天
n time 准时all the time 一直；始终at ne time 曾经；一度at a time 每次；逐一at times 有时；间或at all times 随时；总是frm time t time 有时；偶尔
in n time 立刻；马上at n time 绝不time and time again 一次又一次；一再take ne's time 别着急；慢慢来kill time消磨时间
(1)in time后可接fr sth./t d sth.的形式，意为“做某事及时/来得及”。(2)at n time等含否定意义的词组位于句首，句子要部分倒装；in n time意为“立刻，马上”，无否定意义，置于句首，不引起倒装。
完成句子。①(2017·全国Ⅲ七选五)D yu want t get up _________________________________ with yur family, get in sme exercise, r just be better prepared fr yur day?你想早早起床以便来得及和你的家人一起吃早饭，进行锻炼，或者为你的一天进行更充分的准备？②If yu keep n, yu will succeed ____________.如果坚持下去，总有一天你会成功的。
in time t have breakfast　
③We'll d up yur car ________________ at all.我们很快就能把你的汽车修好。④If yu can't arrive there ____________， yu shuld infrm them f it in advance.如果你不能按时到达，应该预先通知他们。⑤(全国卷Ⅲ)_________________， I even felt my parents culdn't understand me s I hped I culd be free frm them.我曾一度感觉父母不理解我，因此我希望能够摆脱他们的束缚。⑥(北京高考)Anxius __________________， I was unable t keep fcused fr mre than an hur _______________.我一直都很焦虑，很难一次集中注意力一个多小时。
At ne time　
all the time　
2．in ne's turn 轮到某人；接着
in turn依次；轮流；逐个；相应地；转而by turns轮流；依次take turns ding/t d sth.轮流做……It's ne's turn t d sth.轮到某人干某事。It turns/turned ut that...结果……
完成句子。①All theries are frm practice and ____________ serve practice.所有的理论都来源于实践，并转而为实践服务。②When _______________________， I am t excited t speak.当轮到我时，我激动得说不出话来。③I think ___________________ t drive the kids t schl this week.我想这周该轮到我开车送孩子们上学了。
it's in my turn　
it's my turn　
④The yung parents had t _______________ t lk after their sick baby.这对年轻的父母不得不轮流照看他们生病的孩子。⑤______________________ this yung man was nne ther than the ld man's sn.结果这位年轻人竟然正是这个老人的儿子。
take turns　
It turned ut that　
3．cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋
cheer sb.up 使某人振作起来cheer sb.n (比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励某人；为某人加油cheer fr...为……而欢呼Cheers! 口语，(用于祝酒)干杯！
完成句子。①(2019·浙江卷，写作)Whenever I have difficulties, yu always _____________ up and help me ut. 每当我遇到困难时，你总是鼓励我振作起来，帮我走出困境。②(天津高考)Cathy didn't expect any award but was still there t _____________ her friends and praise their accmplishments.凯西没有期待任何奖项，但仍然在那里为朋友的成就鼓劲加油。
4．But when I tried t step frward, I fund I was carried twice as far as n the earth and fell ver.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
本句中的twice as ...表示“是……的几倍”，该句型中的twice也可用half, ne－third等词，表示“是……的一半/几分之几”。
有关倍数的表达方式还有：①倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as ...②倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than ...③倍数＋the＋名词＋f ...
(1)在“倍数＋the＋名词＋f”结构中，常用的名词有size, height, weight, length, width等。(2)两倍用twice或duble，不到一倍用分数表示，三倍或三倍以上一般用times来表示，如three times, fur times等。
完成句子。①The new stadium built fr the 2022 Beijing & Zhangjiaku Winter Olympics will be _____________________________ the present ne.为2022年北京&张家口冬季奥运会建设的新体育场将是现在的三倍大。②(北京卷)Paper prduced every year is _________________________________ the wrld's prductin f vehicles.每年生产的纸张是全世界汽车生产重量的三倍。
three times as big as　
three times the weight f　
一句多译。正在修建的教学楼是那个教学楼的三倍高。③The teaching building being built nw __________________________________ that ne.④The teaching building being built nw __________________________________ that ne.⑤The teaching building being built nw __________________________________ that ne.
is three times as high as　
is three times higher than　
is three times the height f　
5．This prduced a chain reactin, which made it pssible fr life t develp.这就产生了一系列的反应，使生命的发展成为可能。
这是“make it＋形容词/名词＋t d sth.”句型。该句型中it为形式宾语，指代后面的不定式结构，形容词或名词为宾语补足语。
完成句子。①Mastering the technlgy _________________________________________ the Internet mre effectively.精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。②Spaceships __________________________________ t the mn.宇宙飞船使去月球旅行成为可能。③During this week, _____________________ t jg every day.在这一周当中一定要养成天天进行慢跑的习惯。
makes it pssible fr us t use　
make it pssible t travel　
make it a rule　
④I have discvered that it ______________________.我发现那让他们感到高兴。⑤The teacher raised his vice s that he culd ________________________.老师提高了嗓音以便于被别人听到。
makes them happy　
make himself heard　
高效演练 • 素能提升
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．It is bvius ________ the lcal gvernment can d t prtect the envirnment fr future generatins.解析：句意：为了子孙后代，当地政府在保护环境方面所能做的事情是显而易见的。It为形式主语，________ the lcal gvernment can d t prtect the envirnment fr future generatins是真正的主语，该主语从句缺少宾语，且表示物，故填what。2．New technlgies have made ______ pssible t turn ut new prducts faster and at a lwer cst.解析：it作形式宾语。t turn ut...是真正宾语。
3．All pssible means _____________________(take) t prevent the river ___________________(pllute)．解析：考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。means单复数同形，有all修饰且与take是被动关系，故用have been taken prevent...(frm)ding...“阻止……做……”，river与pllute是被动关系，故用being plluted。4．If they win the final tnight, the team are ging t tur arund the city ___________________(cheer) by their enthusiastic supprters.解析：考查非谓语动词。不定式作目的状语，根据句意用被动。5．The meeting was held in a lively atmsphere _________ everybdy felt t share his ideas.解析：考查定语从句。从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。
have been taken　
being plluted　
t be cheered　
6．During thse fur years, he wrked day and night, thus _____________(imprve) his thery gradually until it was cmplete.解析：v－ing形式作结果状语。7．Thse reprts included ne case, ____________________ a fire brke ut and destryed tw cars，althugh there were n injuries.解析：考查非限制性定语从句。从句中缺少地点状语。8．I suppse by the time I cme back in ten years time all these ld huses will ______________________ (pull) dwn.解析：考查时态和语态。根据by the time和in ten years' time可知用将来完成时，再根据句意，用被动。
where/in which　
have been pulled　
9．Smetimes he fund ______very hard t fall asleep at night, s he went t see the dctr.解析：it作形式宾语。t fall alseep是真正宾语。10．Susan made ______ clear t me that she wished t make a new life fr herself.解析：考查代词的运用。句意：苏珊清楚地跟我表明她希望为自己创造新的生活。分析句子结构可以看出，该句中包含一个that引导的从句，而且根据语境可知，that从句的内容就是苏珊向我表明的事情，所以后置的that从句实际上是made的真正宾语，故用形式宾语it指代that从句。
11．The manager wants t see changes in the cmpany, and I am sure he will ______ time.解析：句意：经理想要看到公司的改变，我确信他迟早会看到的。in time“及时；最后，迟早”，符合题意。12．It remains t be seen ___________ the newly frmed cmmittee's plicy can be put int practice.解析：考查名词性从句。句意：那仍然得看新形成的委员会政策能否付诸实践。It在此为形式主语，故seen后为真正的主语从句，又由remains t be seen可知存在不确定的意思，所以用whether(是否)。
13．The tp leaders f the tw cuntries are hlding talks in a ____________(friend) atmsphere.解析：句意：两国高层领导人在友好的氛围(atmsphere)中进行谈判。14．—Thank Gd yu're safe!—I stepped back, just in time _____________(avid) the racing car.解析：答语句意：我退后了一步，正好避开了奔跑的汽车。in time t d sth.“正赶上做某事”。15．It's said that the pwer plant is nw twice ______ large as what it was.解析：考查倍数的表达法。句意：据说这个发电厂现在是过去的两倍大。“倍数＋”是倍数的表达法，意为“是……的几倍”，其中之间要用原级。
Ⅱ.完成句子1．An exceptinally big fire ______________(爆发) at midnight.Luckily, firefighters arrived just ____________(及时) fr the rescue.2．Atmsphere ______________(挡住) a large amunt f harmful light frm space.3．____________(既然) we have finished the design, the cmpany, ________________(轮到), will d the cnstructin.4．He, as well as his sister, ____________________(被抚养) in the muntainus area where educatin facilities are far frm satisfactry.
in its turn　
was brught up　
5．建议采取措施来阻止工厂排放有害气体。___________________________measures shuld be taken t prevent factries frm discharging harmful gases int the air.6．地球变暖是否加剧取决于我们的活动是否产生更多的二氧化碳。Whether the glbal warming will becme mre serius ________________________ ur activities will prduce mre carbn dixide.7．大部分证据被毁了，不可能证明这种食物是有毒的了。Mst f the evidence is destryed, ________________________________t prve that the fd is pisnus.8．证人的描述太难以置信，没有任何实际价值。The witness's descriptins were _______ unbelievable ______ be f any real value.
It is suggested that　
depends n whether　
which makes it impssible　
Ⅲ.语篇填空 The earth was just a clud f dust 1._________ future is uncertain after the “Big Bang”. Then the dust began t settle int a slid ball which is s 2.___________ (vilence) and explded ludly with fire and rck, t be in time 3._______________(prduce) many things, which make the earth's atmsphere. As the earth cled dwn, water began t appear and it allwed the earth t disslve 4.___________ (harm) gases. Then life began t develp. Many millins f years later, small plants appeared. They multiplied and 5.__________ (fill) the ceans and seas with xygen. Land 6.___________ (animal) fllwed after the first green plants appeared. Then small clever animals spread all 7.________ the earth.
Humans develped new means f grwing, hunting and mving arund. As time went by they cvered the earth. Nw t much carbn dixide has been put int the atmsphere, which prevents heat frm 8.____________ (escape) frm the earth int space. As a result, the prblem f glbal warming ccurs. 9.___________ life will cntinue n the earth fr millins f years t cme will depend n whether this prblem can 10.______________ (slve)．
There exists danger　
a fire brke ut　
made it difficult　
④消防队员及时赶到。The firefighters _____________________.⑤消防队员到来后就不允许我们靠近了。The firefighters ___________________________________ as sn as they arrived.⑥他们说既然他们来了，就轮到他们救人了。They said_____________________________. It was _____________ t save life.
arrived in time　
didn't permit us t get clse　
nw that they came here　
their turn　
⑦依靠他们的专业知识，他们很快就阻止了火势的蔓延。________ their prfessinal knwledge, they quickly ________________________.⑧从这个故事我们知道，我们能否阻止火灾取决于我们是否有安全意识。Frm the stry, we knw that whether we can stp fire disasters r nt _______________________________________.
Depending n　
prevented the fire frm spreading　
depends n whether we have a sense f safety　
2．升级平淡句用定语从句和非谓语动词合并④⑤⑥句___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The firefighters arrived in time, wh didn't permit us t get clse as sn as they arrived, saying nw that they came here, it was their turn t save life.　
3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：and，luckily)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There exists danger everywhere in ur daily life. Last Sunday, a fire brke ut in a building near my hme and the stairs were full f smke, which made it difficult fr peple t escape. Luckily, the firefighters arrived in time, wh didn' t permit us t get clse as sn as they arrived, saying nw that they came here, it was their turn t save life. Depending n their prfessinal knwledge, they quickly prevented the fire frm spreading. Frm the stry, we knw that whether we can stp fire disasters r nt depends n whether we have a sense f safety.