(通用版)高考英语二轮复习语法专题4第4讲　状语从句 (含答案)

这是一份(通用版)高考英语二轮复习语法专题4第4讲　状语从句 (含答案)，共9页。
eq \a\vs4\al(语法填空)
【典题试做】
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)While running regularly can’t make yu live frever, the review says it is mre effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling r swimming.
2．(全国卷Ⅲ)Over time, as/when the ppulatin grew, peple began cutting fd int small pieces s it wuld ck mre quickly.
eq \a\vs4\al()
语法填空对状语从句的考查集中在引导词的选择上。
eq \a\vs4\al(短文改错)
【典题试做】
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned ut t be very useful later in my life. where→when
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I was s much nervus that I culd hardly tell which directin was left. 去掉much
1．关系副词的错用；
2．常见固定搭配的错用。 eq \a\vs4\al()
时间状语从句
1．when, while和as引导的时间状语从句
(江苏卷)While sme peple are mtivated by a need fr success, thers are mtivated by a fear f failure.
当一些人被成功的渴望所驱动的时候，而另一些人却被失败的恐惧驱动着。
(天津卷)As the average age f the ppulatin increases，there are mre and mre ld peple t care fr. 随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。
2．表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句
(1)as sn as, the mment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly。
(上海卷)The mment my aunt gained her diplma after fur years f hard wrk, she was filled with jy.
我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。
(2)在, n 结构中，主句用过去完成时，而when，than所在的从句用一般过去时。
(大纲全国卷Ⅱ)I had hardly gt t the ffice when my wife phned me t g back hme at nce.
我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我回家。
3．befre, since引导的时间状语从句
(1) befre表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。常用句式：It will be/was＋一段时间＋befre...过了……时间才……；It wn’t be/wasn’t＋一段时间＋befre...没过多久就……。
(天津卷)We need t get t the rt f the prblem befre we can slve it.
在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。
(重庆卷)If yu miss this chance, it may be years befre yu get anther ne. 如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。
(2)since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
(四川卷)As is reprted, it is 100 years since Qinghua University was funded.
正如所报道的，清华大学建校已有一百年了。
4．until/till引导的时间状语从句
until/till用于肯定句表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；表示“直到……才……”，nt所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能。
(2017·北京卷) If yu dn’t understand smething, yu may research, study, and talk t ther peple until yu figure it ut. 如果你遇到不懂的东西，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。
She didn’t start the lessn until the pupils settled dwn.
等学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。
5．every time, each time, next time, the first time, by the time等引导的时间状语从句
(北京卷)By the time yu have finished this bk, yur meal will get cld. 等你看完这本书，你的饭就凉了。
让步状语从句
1．althugh, thugh, as和while引导的让步状语从句
(北京卷)Althugh these measures are nt effective frever, they are vital fr nw. 虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。
(陕西卷)Ht as the night air was, we slept deeply because we were s tired after the lng jurney. 夜晚的空气虽然很热，但因为长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉。
■名师点津
(1)thugh引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不用倒装语序；althugh引导的从句不用倒装语序；as引导的从句必须用倒装语序“表语/状语/动词原形＋as/thugh＋主语＋其他”，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词。
(2)thugh可用作副词，意为“然而”，表转折，置于句末。
(3)while引导让步状语从句，只能置于句首。
2．even if与even thugh 引导的让步状语从句
even if/even thugh引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。
(湖南卷)Tim is in gd shape physically even thugh he desn’t get much exercise.
蒂姆尽管不怎么锻炼，但体形很好。
3．“疑问词＋­ever”引导的让步状语从句
wherever(what/wh/whm/when/which/hw)＋­ever表示“无论……”引导让步状语从句时，相当于n matter where (what/wh/whm/when/which/hw)。
(江苏卷)It is generally cnsidered unwise t give a child whatever he r she wants.
总的来说，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。
(湖南卷)Hwever hard yu try, it is difficult t lse weight withut cutting dwn the amunt yu eat.
不管你多么努力，如果不减少饭量，减肥很难。
■名师点津
whatever, whever, whmever, whichever还可引导名词性从句。
4．引导的让步状语从句
意为“无论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。
(重庆卷)All peple, whether they are ld r yung, rich r pr, have been trying their best t help thse in need since the disaster. 所有人，无论衰老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。
其他状语从句
(2019·天津卷)Tm is s independent that he never asks his parents’ pinin unless he wants their supprt.
汤姆非常独立以至于他从来不征求他父母的意见，除非他想要他们的支持。
(2017·江苏卷)Lcated where the Belt meets the Rad, Jiangsu will cntribute mre t the Belt and Rad cnstructin. 江苏位于“带”和“路”的交汇处，将会对“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡献。
(浙江卷)Just as a single wrd can change the meaning f a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning f a paragraph. 正如单个单词可以改变一句话的意思那样，单个句子也能改变一段文字的意思。
(山东卷)He had his camera ready in case he saw smething that wuld make a gd picture. 他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些他能够拍成好照片的东西。
析三大从句，辨七大易混点
易混点(一) 定语从句和并列句
1．She has many nvels, sme f ____________ are interesting.
2．She has many nvels, and sme f ____________ are interesting.
[分析] 1.which which引导定语从句，修饰先行词nvels, “sme f which”在从句中作主语。
2．them 此句为and引导的并列句。
[点拨] 定语从句与并列句的主要区别：句中若有and, but, s等并列连词或分号则为并列句，此时不需要再填引导词。
易混点(二) 定语从句和状语从句
1．(1)We yung peple shuld g t the place ____________ is in need f help.
(2)We yung peple shuld g ____________ we’re mst needed.
[分析] (1)which/that 关系代词which/that引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the place”，且在从句中作主语。
(2)where where引导地点状语从句，修饰主句谓语动词g。
[点拨] 定语从句与地点状语从句的主要区别：定语从句有表示地点的先行词，而地点状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰的是先行词，地点状语从句修饰的是谓语动词。
2．(1)I will always remember the days ____________ I lived with my grandparents in the cuntryside.
(2)I always remember the days in the cuntryside ____________ I see the pht f my grandparents.
[分析] (1)when when引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the days”，且在从句中作状语。
(2)when when引导时间状语从句，修饰谓语动词remember。
[点拨] 定语从句与时间状语从句的主要区别：定语从句有表示时间的先行词，而时间状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰的是先行词，时间状语从句修饰的是谓语动词。
3．(1)This is such an interesting wrk f art ____________ all f us like.
(2)This is such an interesting wrk f art ____________ all f us like it.
[分析] (1)as 引导定语从句，as在定语从句中作like的宾语。
(2)that 引导结果状语从句。
[点拨] 定语从句与结果状语从句的主要区别：the 与引导定语从句， as在从句中充当一定的成分；引导结果状语从句，that在从句中不作成分。
易混点(三) 定语从句和名词性从句
1．(1)____________ is knwn t everybdy, the mn travels rund the earth nce every mnth.
(2)____________ is knwn t everybdy that the mn travels rund the earth nce every mnth.
(3)____________ is knwn t everybdy is that the mn travels rund the earth nce every mnth.
[分析] (1)As as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰后面这句话的内容。(2)It it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。(3)What what在此引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语，而后面that引导的从句则是表语从句。
2．(1)Anyne ____________has helped t save the drwning girl is wrth praising.
(2)____________ has helped t save the drwning girl is wrth praising.
[分析] (1)wh wh在此引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。
(2)Whever whever在此引导主语从句。
[点拨] 定语从句与主语从句的区别：定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，在整个句子中作定语，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；而主语从句的作用相当于一个名词，在整个句子中作主语。
3．(1)The mther made a prmise ____________ pleased all her children.
(2)The mther made a prmise ____________ she wuld buy new tys.
[分析] (1)that/which that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。(2)that that引导同位语从句。
[点拨] 定语从句与同位语从句的区别：定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；同位语从句是名词性从句，其作用相当于一个名词，对前面的名词做进一步解释，同位语从句一般都与抽象名词同位。定语从句的引导词that在从句中充当一定的成分，可作主语、宾语、表语等，作宾语时可以省略；而同位语从句的引导词that在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何句子成分，且不能省略。
4．(1)My uncle is the wner f a restaurant clse t the place ____________ is the center f the twn.
(2)My uncle is the wner f a restaurant clse t ____________ I live.
[分析] (1)that/which that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。(2)where where引导宾语从句。
5．(1)Our teacher did all ____________ he culd t help us.
(2)Our teacher did ____________ he culd t help us.
[分析] (1)that that引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语。(2)what what引导宾语从句。
6．(1)I will help thse ____________ are in need f help.
(2)I will help ____________ is in need f help.
[分析] (1)wh wh引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。(2)whever whever引导宾语从句。
[点拨] 定语从句与宾语从句的区别：定语从句一般有先行词，从句是用来说明、描述先行词的，先行词用关系代词代替，在从句中充当成分(注意是在从句中作成分，如作宾语、主语等)；而宾语从句则是整个从句在主句中作宾语，宾语从句就是主句的宾语，简单地说，动词、介词后面的从句基本上是宾语从句。
7．(1)She was nt ____________ she used t be.
(2)She was nt the wman ____________ she used t be.
[分析] (1)what what引导表语从句。
(2)that that引导定语从句并在从句中作表语。
[点拨] 定语从句与表语从句的区别：表语从句是系动词后的句子；而定语从句是跟在一个名词或句子后，对名词或句子起修饰或补充说明作用的句子。
易混点(四) 定语从句和固定句型
1．It was the time ____________ chinese peple had a hard life.
2．It is the first time____________ she has been in Shanghai.
[分析] 1.when when引导定语从句，并在从句中作状语。
2．that It is the 是固定句型。
易混点(五) 状语从句和并列句
1．____________ yu take this medicine, yu will be all right.
2．Take this medicine, ____________ yu will be all right.
[分析] 1.If if引导条件状语从句。
2．and and连接两个并列句。
易混点(六) 状语从句和名词性从句
1．I’ll try my best t help him, n matter ____________ turns t me fr help.
2．I will try my best t help ____________ turns t me fr help.
3．____________ turns t me fr help is welcme.
[分析] 1.wh n matter wh引导让步状语从句。
2．whever whever引导宾语从句。
3．Whever Whever引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。
易混点(七) 状语从句和独立主格结构
1．____________ time permits, we’ll g camping.
2．Time____________ (permit), we’ll g camping.
[分析] 1.If if引导条件状语从句。
2．permitting 本句使用的是独立主格结构，其结构为“名词＋分词”。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2020·保定摸底)Althugh/Thugh/While TCM has been widely accepted, it still faces challenges.
2．(2020·湖北五校期中)They had n sner finished the survey by asking the parents the same questins three years later than they fund that 18 percent f kids invlved in the study were bese.
3．(2020·浙江高考模拟)As a general rule, all frms f activity lead t bredm if they are perfrmed n a rutine basis.
4．(2020·江西红色七校联考)Yesterday was a crazy day.I felt very tired because I had tns f wrk stuff ging n.
5．(2020·河北武邑中学期末)When we reached the mall, I gave him the mney and the smile as requested and added a gentle pat n his back.
6．(2020·辽南协作体二模)Therefre, they are reduced t giving up befre any realistic results are achieved.
7．(2020·哈尔滨六中模拟)I dn’t listen t English music as frequently as I listen t Chinese music.
8．(2020·咸阳模拟)Whether yu’re lking at wallpaper r paint, the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are imprtant.
9．(2020·东北五校联合模拟)Despite this, sme peple became s absrbed in the activity that they cmpletely frgt t lk at the clck.
10．(2020·大庆质检)Thugh reading a lt, accrding t Sandra, she didn’t really start writing until she attended her first creative writing class in cllege.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2020·湖北五校期中)Nwadays, the wrd friendship has been used very ften that it has lst its meaning. very→s
2．(2020·安徽皖南八校联考)If smene wh gives me a hand when I am in need, I will remember him and if I have a chance, I will pay him back. 删除wh
3．(2020·福建四校联考)She used t be easy t get angry, especially that she was with family members nly.that→when
4．I was s tired that I fell asleep at the mment my head tuched the pillw. 删除at
5．The nises frm the street puzzled me t much that I wuld rather stay indrs. t→s
6．I’ll have my cmputer fixed immediately because f I need it badly fr my wrk. 删除f
7．In shrt, things have been imprving until the schl began t carry ut explring study. until→since
8．There’ll be mre traffic jam and temperatures will cntinue t rise, s the prblems in ur envirnment will get even wrse, if we d smething nw. if→unless
9．Half an hur later, Lucy still culdn’t get a taxi when the bus had drpped her. when→where
10．She had just finished her hmewrk befre her mther asked her t practice playing the pian yesterday.befre→when
when
从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生
while
从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生
as
从句谓语动词一般为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边……，一边……；随着……”
状语从句
连词
条件状语从句
if, unless(＝), s/as lng as(只要), n cnditin that, in case(万一), suppse/suppsing, prvided/prviding
原因状语从句
because, as, since, nw that, cnsidering that(考虑到，鉴于)
目的状语从句
s that, in rder that, in case(以防)
结果状语从句
s that, ,
地点状语从句
where, wherever
方式状语从句
as(正如，正像), as if/as thugh(好像)
比较状语从句
than, , nt