甘肃省武威第十八中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期末英语试题含解析

这是一份甘肃省武威第十八中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期末英语试题含解析，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完型填空，语法填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2021-2022学年度第二学期期末考试试卷
高二英语
第一卷（共70分）
一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
The Nobel Prize for literature is given to the person who shall have produced the most outstanding work in the field of literature. Here are four winners, along with the reasons.
Peter Handke
He is an Austrian novelist, playwright, translator, poet, film director and screenwriter. He is most famous for his novel about his mother’s act of killing herself deliberately, A Sorrow Beyond Dreams. He was awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize for literature.
Kazuo Ishiguro
He is a British novelist, screenwriter and short-story writer. He was born in Japan, but his family moved to the UK in 1960 when he was five. He is known for The Remains of the Day, Never Let Me Go and The Saddest Music in the World. He was awarded the 2017 Nobel Prize for literature.
Bob Dylan
He is one of the most influential singer-songwriters of the 20th century. In 2016, he was named the winner of the 2016 Nobel Prize for literature and it was the first time that the honor had been given to a musician. He was praised for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition.
Svetlana Alexievich
She was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize for literature. Her works reflected the suffering and courage in her time. She is known for her works about the women involved in World War II and the description of the Soviet Union’s war in Afghanistan.
1. Which of the following is Peter Handke’s famous book?
A. Never Let Me Go. B. The Remains of the Day.
C. A Sorrow Beyond Dreams. D. The Saddest Music in the World.
2. What is special about Bob Dylan?
A. He was the first musician to receive the Nobel Prize.
B. He tried to explore the human nature.
C. He wrote a lot of Japanese songs.
D. He helped the women in need.
3. Whose book will you choose if you want to read something with a war background?
A. Peter Handke’s. B. Kazuo Ishiguro’s.
C. Bob Dylan’s. D. Svetlana Alexievich’s.
New York, London, Paris and other big cities are exciting places to live in. There are many interesting things to see and to do. You can go to different kinds of museums, plays and films. You can also go shopping to buy things from all over the world.
But there are serious problems in big cities too. The cost of living is high, and there are too many people in some of big cities. Every year many people move to the cities because there are some chances to find jobs, to study at good schools, and to receive good medical care. But sometimes these people cannot find work or a good place to live in. Also, too many people in a small space make it hard to keep the cities safe and clean.
Some people enjoy living in big cities. Others do not. Before people move to big cities, they should think about the problems of living there.
4. Which is the best title for this passage?
A. Big cities B. New York, London, and Paris
C. Exciting Places to live in D. Serious Problems in Big Cities
5. In big cities people can ________.
A. go to different kinds of museums B. see all kinds of plays and films
C. buy things from all over the world D. A, B, and C
6. Which of the following is true?
A. Big cities are not safe and clean enough.
B. People can easily find a good place to live in a big city.
C. Living in a big city doesn't cost a lot.
D. All people like to live in big cities.
7. In this passage the writer advises people ________.
A. to move to a big city
B. not to move to a big city
C. not to move to a big city without thinking about the problems there
D. not to think too much about the problems before they move to a big city
When asked why he or she wears clothes, some people will probably answer “to keep warm and to cover my body”. These are the basic reasons why clothes are worn, but people also want to look attractive and appear successful to others.
If people only wore clothes for warmth and to cover their bodies, most clothes would be simple and cheap. In most Western countries, however, clothes are sometimes very expensive. The main reason for this is not the cost of the cloth or the cost of making the clothes. The clothes are expensive because of fashion(时尚).
Successful businessmen, for example, often wear very expensive suits, shirts and ties. Sometimes they pay thousands of dollars for a suit and hundreds of dollars for a tie. It’s just a suit and a tie but they pay these prices because of the famous name of the designer. A suit costing much less would be just as warm and would cover the wearer's body just as well.
Fashion is always changing, which means those who want to be fashionable have to buy new clothes every few months, even if last month's clothes have only been worn once or twice. Some people have wardrobes full of clothes that have hardly been worn but are no longer in fashion. Being fashionable, therefore, can be a very expensive pastime(消遣)!
8. What do people basically wear clothes for?
A. Looking attractive to others. B. Following the fashion.
C. Appearing successful to others. D. Keeping warm and covering bodies.
9. We can learn from the passage that _______.
A. fashion is an expensive pastime B. fashion is not always changing
C. expensive clothes are warmer D. fashion designers like expensive clothes
10. What does the underlined word “wardrobes” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Fashionable clothes shops. B. The clothes that some people have.
C. Cupboards for storing clothes. D. Shelves used for keeping books.
11. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Suits and ties. B. Clothes and fashion.
C. Beauty and success. D. Cost and pastime.
A study has found that a lifetime of regular exercise and activity can slow down the aging process (衰老过程). Researchers say that getting older should not necessarily mean becoming more weak or sick. Their research shows that a devotion to a life of movement and exercise may help us live not only longer, but also healthier.
For their study, the researchers looked at two groups. The first group was made up of 125 non-professional cyclists between the ages of 55 to 79. This group included 84 healthy men and 41 healthy women. We will call this group the “cyclists”.
Researchers then found 130 people to make up a second group. Within this group, 75 people were aged from 57 to 80. The other 55 were between the ages of 20 and 36. The people in this group were also healthy, but they did not exercise regularly. We will call this group the “non-exercisers”. Smokers, heavy drinkers of alcohol and people with other health issues were not included in the study.
Then, researchers gave both groups a series of tests. They tested their muscle mass (肌肉质量), muscular strength, percentage of body fat and the strength of their immune (免疫的) systems. Then the researchers compared the results of the two groups.
Results showed that the cyclists did not experience body changes usually regarded as a normal aging process. For example, they did not lose muscle mass or muscular strength. Also, their body fat did not increase with age.
The researchers also found something they had not expected. The study showed that the immune systems of the cyclists did not age either.
The researchers advise us all to find an exercise that we like in our lives.
12. How did the researchers carry out the study?
A. By comparing. B. By discussing.
C. By imagining. D. By reasoning.
13. Which of the following is a result of the research?
A. The cyclists kept a thin body shape.
B. The non-exercisers gained weight easily.
C. The cyclists’ muscles remained strong with age.
D. The non-exercisers usually had health problems.
14. Which is an unexpected result for the researchers?
A. The cyclists had normal aging process.
B. The cyclists’ immune systems didn’t age.
C. The cyclists lost nearly all their fat.
D. Everyone needed an exercise in their lives.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Healthy People Need More Exercise
B. Take an Exercise, the Harder, the Better
C. Cycling Is the Best Way to Prevent Aging
D. A Lifetime of Exercise Slows Aging Process
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Fall Asleep
Falling asleep isn’t always as simple as placing your head on a pillow and shutting your eyes.___16___. Getting comfortable may seem impossible. Fortunately, there are some ways to fall asleep quickly and improve your sleep quality.
Try to take deep breaths
Breathing exercises can help you relax. Take in a long, slow breath through your nose. By slowing your breathing, you can help regulate your heart rate and get your whole body ready for sleep.____17____.
Manage light
Bright light after sunset tells your brain that the sun is coming back up, which can prevent it from releasing hormones that help you fall asleep. ___18___. Additionally, if you have to look at your phone or computer, lower the brightness.
____19____
Keep your room cool, clean, dark, and quiet. Sleeping in a uncomfortable area is not a good or relaxing way to sleep, so get air regulation throughout the room, clean your room and change your sheets regularly.
Follow a healthy sleep routine
____20____. If you go to bed at different times every day, your body won't know when it’s supposed to fall asleep. Train yourself to fall asleep by following a set routine and practicing healthy sleep habits.
A. Keep your room clean and tidy
B. Create a comfortable environment
C. You can’t fall asleep with bright light overhead
D. So turn off bright overhead lights and use lamps instead
E. Stick to a routine so your body knows when it’s time to sleep
F. Thoughts and worries might race their way through your mind
G. In fact, taking deep breaths helps you fall asleep faster and sleep more soundly
二、完型填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My father once worked for a big company. However, when I was a year old he ____21____ his job and then our family got into a difficult station. We were ____22____, so we sold our house. Then we had to live with my grandmother, ____23____ she didn’t like kids at all. She never ____24____. But I was very happy with my parents. My father was ____25____ at making things. I was also ____26____ and had a talent for designing.
We didn’t have money to buy. ____27____ so we made our own. I put two tyres together to make a horse. I learned a lot about gravity(重力) because I ____28____ many times.
By 10, I knew I wanted to become a(n) ____29____, but they didn’t take women in engineering school, so I went to another school and _____30_____ in 1945. Then I was very _____31_____ to be accepted by the army’s training programme. I learned a lot there. In 1966, I _____32_____ serving the army. I began to work with children with learning problems. I wanted to _____33_____ something that would help them. Luckily, I _____34_____.
I tried to retire five times but it _____35_____ worked. In 1997, I went back to school to learn drawing, which was _____36_____ for my inventions. On a TV program in 2015, I _____37_____ David Kelley the founder of the design firm IDEO. When I realized he _____38_____ people from different backgrounds, I thought, “I have special life experiences and designing skills. I could be of _____39_____ to his firm.”
I typed a letter to Kelley and quickly, I got a _____40_____ that I was accepted. I was 85.
21. A. lost B. took C. missed D. changed
22. A. in order B. in peace C. in danger D. in debt
23. A. though B. or C. as D. so
24. A. apologized B. performed C. smiled D. worked
25. A. mad B. skilled C. amazed D. disappointed
26. A. sensitive B. strict C. pretty D. creative
27. A. clothes B. books C. toys D. foods
28. A. fell off B. gave in C. looked up D. turned back
29. A. doctor B. soldier C. dancer D. inventor
30. A. started B. returned C. graduated D. arrived
31. A. afraid B. lucky C. brave D. clever
32. A. finished B. enjoyed C. escaped D. kept
33. A. remember B. gather C. say D. develop
34. A. left B. agreed C. succeeded D. stopped
35. A. already B. always C. nearly D. never
36. A. famous B. helpful C. fit D. ready
37. A. invited B. called C. discovered D. saw
38. A. persuaded B. recognized C. accepted D. doubted
39. A. value B. importance C. interest D. health
40. A. choice B. reply C. gift D. reward
第二卷（共50分）
三、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Music is everywhere nowadays. Music plays ___41___ important part in daily life. And there are different types of music in the world, such as Blues, Disco, Jazz, Classical music, Pop-music and so on.
Music is of great use in many fields. It ___42___ (use) in some special places ___43___ people are always attracted by the sweet-sounding music such as advertising, radios, TV, films and the supermarkets. So you can see that it helps the companies make money.
Why are so many people fond of ___44___ (enjoy) music? In my opinion, ___45___ (usual) we prefer expressing through music, so we can share many feelings with other people when we are tired after work or when we are nervous. Listening to music makes us feel more ___46___ (relax) and better. Listening to music ___47___ (help) us face the difficulties we meet in ___48___ (we) life and makes us forget some problems. In ___49___ (add), we can learn more about the cultures of different countries and then learn about the world better. Music makes our life so _____50_____ (color).
四、短文改错(每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. She is our monitor and one of the excellent student in our class. Although she is clever, but she works very hard. We have a lot on common and have a lot to talk about. One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when she smelt something burning. She stopped look out of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbour’s house. She called 119 immediate. Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. Her neighbour was very thankful for her help.
五、书面表达（25分）
52. 假如你是李华，你刚收到了你的朋友王梅的电子邮件，她在邮件里向你询问在高中如何学好英语。请你根据下列的内容给她写封回信。
1. 上课认真听讲，做好笔记，课后及时复习；
2. 词汇是基础，每天早上花半个小时的时间背诵单词，朗读 课文；
3. 课外多与同学用英语交流，提高听力和口语能力；
4. 每天坚持写日记。
注意：1.词数100词左右，短文的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总数；2.内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。
Dear Wang Mei,
I’m very glad to have received your e-mail.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua





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【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】本文是说明文。本文介绍了诺贝尔文学奖颁给在文学领域做出最杰出作品的四个人。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Peter Handke He is an Austrian novelist, playwright, translator, poet, film director and screenwriter. He is most famous for his novel about his mother’s act of killing herself deliberately, A Sorrow Beyond Dreams. He was awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize for literature.”（彼得·汉克，奥地利小说家、剧作家、翻译家、诗人、电影导演和编剧。他最著名的小说是《梦外的悲伤》，讲述了他母亲故意自杀的故事。他被授予2019年诺贝尔文学奖。）可知，《梦外的悲伤》是彼得·汉克的著名小说。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Bob Dylan He is one of the most influential singer-songwriters of the 20th century. In 2016, he was named the winner of the 2016 Nobel Prize for literature and it was the first time that the honor had been given to a musician.”（鲍勃·迪伦 他是20世纪最具影响力的创作型歌手之一。2016年，他被提名为2016年诺贝尔文学奖得主，这是该奖项首次授予音乐家。）可知，鲍勃·迪伦的特殊之处在于他是2第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的音乐家。故选A。
3. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Svetlana Alexievich She was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize for literature. Her works reflected the suffering and courage in her time. She is known for her works about the women involved in World War II and the description of the Soviet Union’s war in Afghanistan.”（斯维特拉娜Alexievich她被授予2015年诺贝尔文学奖。她的作品反映了她那个时代的苦难和勇气。她因其关于二战女性的作品以及对苏联在阿富汗战争的描述而闻名。）可知，如果你想阅读有关战争背景的书可以选择Svetlana Alexievich的作品。故选D。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】本文是说明文，主要讲了像纽约、伦敦、巴黎这样的大城市，既有很多优点，如：有很多娱乐场所和购物的地方，也存在很多严重的大问题，如：生活成本高、人口多、就业问题等。因此，当人们搬到大城市时应该考虑城市生活的问题。
1. 主旨大意题。首先根据第一段“New York, London, Paris and other big cities are exciting places to live in. There are many interesting things to see and to do”纽约、伦敦、巴黎和其他大城市都是令人兴奋的居住地。有许多有趣的事情要看和做。第一段表明了大城市的优点。第二段“But there are serious problems in big cities too.”但是大城市也有一些严重的问题。第二段表明了大城市也有缺点。文章围绕大城市的优缺点展开，所以本文主要是讲大城市，故选A项。
2. 细节理解题。根据第一段“You can go to different kinds of museums, plays and films. You can also go shopping to buy things from all over the world.”你可以看不同种类的博物馆、戏剧和电影。你也可以去购物，买来自世界各地的东西。可知，在大城市你可以去博物馆，看戏剧，也可以去购物，所以ABC都提到了，故选D项。
3. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Also, too many people in a small space make it hard to keep the cities safe and clean.”此外，太多的人在一个小空间使它难以保持城市的安全和清洁。可知，大城市不够安全和整洁。故选A项。
4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Before people move to big cities, they should think about the problems of living there.”在人们搬到大城市之前，他们应该考虑住在那里的问题。可知，作者建议人们去大城市前先考虑一下大城市存在的问题，故选C项。
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍人类穿衣服的基本需求是保暖，但是现在更多的人是为了追求时尚买一些很贵的衣服，但是时尚在不断的变化，所以很多人的衣橱充满了过时的衣服，时尚是一个昂贵的消遣方式。
1. 细节理解题。由第一段“When asked why he or she wears clothes, some people will probably answer “to keep warm and to cover my body””可知，人当被问及为什么要穿衣服时，有些人可能会回答“为了保暖和遮挡身体”。所以人们穿衣服主要是为了保暖。故选D项。
2. 细节理解题。由第二段“The clothes are expensive because of fashion”可知，衣服贵的原因是它们是时尚的。所以我们可以从这篇文章中学到时尚是一种昂贵的消遣方式。故选A项。
3. 词句猜测题。由最后段“full of clothes that have hardly been worn but are no longer in fashion”可知，装满了几乎没有穿过但不再流行的衣服。所以根据上下文语境可以判断出，第四段下划线的“wardrobes”是指储藏衣服的橱柜。故选C项。
4. 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是从最后一段“Fashion is always changing, which means those who want to be fashionable have to buy new clothes every few months”可知，时尚总是在变化的，这意味着那些想要时尚的人不得不每隔几个月就买新衣服。所以这篇文章讲的主要是衣服和时尚的话题。故选B项。
【点睛】
词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为
① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。
② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly，the same as，but，however，while，on the other hand，since，because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。
③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。
④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。
⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。
由最后段“full of clothes that have hardly been worn but are no longer in fashion”可知，装满了几乎没有穿过但不再流行的衣服。所以根据上下文语境可以判断出，第四段下划线的“wardrobes”是指储藏衣服的橱柜。故小题3选C项。
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，研究发现终身规律锻炼或运动可减缓衰老进程。
1. 推理判断题。根据第二、三、四段对研究过程的描述及第四段中的Then the researchers compared the results of the two groups.（然后研究人员比较了两组的结果）可推断，研究人员通过比较来进行研究。故A选项正确。
2. 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的Results showed that the cyclists did not experience body changes usually regarded as a normal aging process. For example, they did not lose muscle mass or muscular strength.（结果显示，骑自行车的人并没有经历通常被认为是正常老化过程中的身体变化。例如，他们没有失去肌肉质量或肌肉力量）可知，随着年龄的增长，骑自行车的人的肌肉依然保持强健。故C选项正确。
3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的The study showed that the immune systems of the cyclists did not age either.（研究表明，骑自行车的人的免疫系统也没有老化）可知，骑自行车的人的免疫系统没有老化。故B选项正确。
4. 标题判断题。根据第一段中的A study has found that a lifetime of regular exercise and activity can slow down the aging process (衰老过程).（一项研究发现，终生有规律的运动和活动可以减缓衰老过程）及下文对这项研究的描述可知，D项“一生的锻炼可以减缓衰老的过程”适合做本文最佳标题。故D选项正确。
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. D 19. B 20. E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要向读者推荐一些提高睡眠质量的方法。
1. 根据前句“Falling asleep isn’t always as simple as placing your head on a pillow and shutting your eyes.（入睡并不总是像把头放在枕头上然后闭上眼睛那么简单）”以及后文“Getting comfortable may seem impossible（让自己感到舒适似乎是不可能的）”可知，此处在讲解入睡并不容易，所以空处应是不容易的原因，F项“Thoughts and worries might race their way through your mind（想法和担忧可能会在你的脑海中飞快地闪过）”符合语境。故选F项。
2. 根据本段小标题“Try to take deep breaths（试着深呼吸）”可知本段主要讲述了深呼吸对提高睡眠质量的好处，空位于段尾，是对本段的总结，所以G项“In fact, taking deep breaths helps you fall asleep faster and sleep more soundly（事实上，深呼吸可以帮助你更快、睡得更香）”符合语境，deep breaths为同词复现。故选G项。
3. 根据本段小标题“Manage light（管理光）”以及前句“Bright light after sunset tells your brain that the sun is coming back up, which can prevent it from releasing hormones that help you fall asleep（日落后明亮的光线告诉你的大脑，太阳又要升起来了，这会阻止大脑释放帮助你入睡的激素）”可知，D项“So turn off bright overhead lights and use lamps instead（所以关掉明亮的顶灯，用灯代替）”与前句构成因果关系，符合语境，并切合本段小标题。故选D项。
4. 分析可知，空处是本段小标题，根据本段内容“Keep your room cool, clean, dark, and quiet. Sleeping in a uncomfortable area is not a good or relaxing way to sleep, so get air regulation throughout the room, clean your room and change your sheets regularly.（保持你的房间凉爽、干净、黑暗和安静。睡在不舒服的地方不是一个好的或放松的睡眠方式，所以调节整个房间的空气，定期打扫你的房间，更换你的床单）”可知，本段是在讲述舒服的环境对睡眠的影响，所以B项“Create a comfortable environment（创造一个舒适的环境）”符合语境。故选B项。
5. 根据本段小标题“Follow a healthy sleep routine（保持健康的睡眠习惯）”可知，本段主要讲述保持健康的睡眠习惯对睡眠的影响，所以E项“Stick to a routine so your body knows when it's time to sleep（坚持固定的作息时间，这样你的身体就会知道什么时候该睡觉了）”符合语境。故选E项。
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己的成长和工作的经历。作者是一名女性，从小就有创造力并具有设计的天赋。她想成为一名发明家，但工程学院不接收女生。作者一生都在为自己的梦想努力，学习绘画，在85岁的时候还被著名设计师David Kelley的公司录取。
1. 考查动词。A. lost失去；B. took拿走；C. missed错过，想念；D. changed改变。根据However, when I was a year old he ________ his job and then our family got into a difficult station.可知，然而，当我一岁的时候，他失去了工作，然后我们的家庭陷入了困境。故选A。
2. 考查词组。A. in order按顺序；B. in peace和平地；C. in danger在危险中；D. in debt负债。根据We were ________, so we sold our house.可知，我们负债累累，所以我们卖掉了房子。故选D。
3. 考查连词。A. though尽管；B. or否则；C. as因为；D. so所以。根据Then we had to live with my grandmother. ________ she didn’t like kids at all.可知，我们不得不和奶奶住在一起，尽管她一点也不喜欢孩子。此处是though引导的让步状语从句，故选A。
4. 考查动词。A. apologized道歉；B. performed执行，表演；C. smiled微笑；D. worked工作。根据She never ________.可知，她从来不笑。故选C。
5. 考查形容词。A. mad疯狂的；B. skilled熟练的；C. amazed惊奇的；D. disappointed感到失望的。根据My father was ________ at making things.可知，我父亲擅长制作东西。故选B。
6. 考查形容词。A. sensitive敏感的；B. strict严格的；C. pretty美丽的；D. creative有创造力的。根据I was also ________ and had a talent for designing.可知，我也有创造力并具有设计的天赋。故选D。
7. 考查名词。A. clothes衣服；B. books书；C. toys玩具；D. foods食品。根据后文I put two tyres together to make a horse.可知，我们没有钱买玩具，所以我们自己做玩具，我把两个轮胎拼在一起做了一匹马。故选C。
8. 考查动词词组。A. fell off从---摔下来；B. gave in屈服；C. looked up抬头向上看，查阅；D. turned back往回走。根据I learned a lot about gravity(重力) because I ________ many times.可知，我学到了很多关于重力的知识，因为我摔下来很多次。故选A。
9. 考查名词。A. doctor医生；B. soldier士兵；C. dancer舞蹈者；D. inventor发明者。根据By 10, I knew I wanted to become a(n) ________, but they didn’t take women in engineering school, so I went to another school and ________ in 1945.可知，到10岁时，我知道我想成为一名发明家，但工程学院不接收女生，所以我去了另一所学校，并于1945年毕业。故选D。
10. 考查动词。A. started开始；B. returned归还，返回；C. graduated毕业；D. arrived到达。根据By 10, I knew I wanted to become a(n) ________, but they didn’t take women in engineering school, so I went to another school and ________ in 1945.可知，到10岁时，我知道我想成为一名发明家，但工程学院不接收女生，所以我去了另一所学校，并于1945年毕业。故选C。
11. 考查形容词。A. afraid害怕的；B. lucky幸运的；C. brave勇敢的；D. clever聪明的。根据Then I was very ________ to be accepted by the army’s training programme.可知，然后我很幸运地被军队的训练项目所接受。故选B。
12. 考查动词。A. finished完成；B. enjoyed喜爱；C. escaped逃脱；D. kept保持。根据I learned a lot there. In 1966, I ________ serving the army.可知，我在那里学到了很多。1966年，我完成了军队的服役。故选A。
13. 考查动词。A. remember记得；B. gather聚集；C. say说；D. develop发展。根据I wanted to ________ something that would help them.可知，我想开发一些能帮助他们的东西。故选D。
14. 考查动词。A. left离开；B. agreed同意；C. succeeded成功；D. stopped停止。根据Luckily, I ________.可知，很幸运，我成功了。故选C。
15. 考查副词。A. already已经；B. always总是；C. nearly差不多；D. never从来没有。根据I tried to retire five times but it ________ worked. In 1997, I went back to school to learn drawing, which was ________ for my inventions.可知，我试着五次退休，但从来没有成功过。1997年，我回到学校学习绘画，这对我的发明很有帮助。故选D。
16. 考查形容词。A. famous著名的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. fit合适的；D. ready有准备的。根据I tried to retire five times but it ________ worked. In 1997, I went back to school to learn drawing, which was ________ for my inventions.可知，我试着五次退休，但从来没有成功过。1997年，我回到学校学习绘画，这对我的发明很有帮助。故选B。
17. 考查动词。A. invited邀请；B. called打电话；C. discovered发现；D. saw看见。根据On a TV program in 2015, I ________ David Kelley the founder of the design firm IDEO.可知，在2015年的一档电视节目中，我看到了设计公司IDEO的创始人大卫凯利。故选D。
18. 考查动词。A. persuaded劝说；B. recognized意识到；C. accepted接受；D. doubted怀疑。根据When I realized he ________ people from different backgrounds, I thought, “I have special life experiences and designing skills. I could be of ________ to his firm.”可知，当我意识到他接受来自不同背景的人时，我想，“我有特殊的生活经历和设计技巧。我对他的公司很有价值。”故选C。
19. 考查名词。A. value价值；B. importance重要性；C. interest兴趣；D. health健康。根据When I realized he ________ people from different backgrounds, I thought, “I have special life experiences and designing skills. I could be of ________ to his firm.”可知，当我意识到他接受来自不同背景的人时，我想，“我有特殊的生活经历和设计技巧。我对他的公司很有价值。”故选A。
20. 考查名词。A. choice选择；B. reply回答；C. gift礼物；D. reward奖励。根据I typed a letter to Kelley and quickly, I got a ________ that I was accepted. I was 85.可知，我给凯利打了一封信，很快，我得到了一个答复，我被录取了。我已经85岁了。故选B。
【答案】41. an 42. is used
43. where 44. enjoying
45. usually
46. relaxed
47. helps 48. our
49. addition
50. colorful /colourful
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了我们喜欢音乐的原因以及音乐给我们的生活带来的益处。
1. 考查固定搭配。句意：音乐在日常生活中起着重要的作用。固定短语play a part in“在……中起作用”，important的发音是以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
2. 考查动词语态。句意：它被用在人们总是被悦耳的音乐所吸引，像广告、收音机、电视、电影和超市这些特殊的地方。全文用的是一般现在时；It与use之间是被动关系，应用被动态。故填is used。
3. 考查定语从句。句意：它被用在人们总是被悦耳的音乐所吸引，像广告、收音机、电视、电影和超市这些特殊的地方。本句是定语从句，先行词是places，是表示地点的名词，在句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为什么这么多人喜欢欣赏音乐？of是介词，应用动名词，作宾语。故填enjoying。
5. 考查副词。句意：在我看来，我们通常更喜欢通过音乐来表达，所以当我们下班后感到疲劳或者紧张的时候，我们可以和其他人分享许多感受。空处是状语，放在句首或句末表示强调，应用副词形式。故填usually。
6. 考查形容词。句意：听音乐使我们感到更放松和更好。feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语，表示“感到……”，修饰人的感情，应用-ed结尾形容词。故填relaxed。
7. 考查主谓一致。句意：听音乐可以帮助我们面对生活中遇到的困难，让我们忘记一些问题。动名词短语作主语时，谓语用单数形式。故填helps。
8. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：听音乐可以帮助我们面对生活中遇到的困难，让我们忘记一些问题。此处修饰名词life，应用形容词性物主代词。故填our。
9. 考查名词。句意：此外，我们还可以更多地了解不同国家的文化，从而更好地了解世界。固定搭配in addition“此外”。故填addition。
10. 考查形容词。句意：音乐让我们的生活多姿多彩。make+ sb/sth+ adj.是固定搭配，意为“使某人或某物怎么样”，后面的形容词做宾语补足语，应用colorful或colourful。故填colorful或colourful。
【答案】1. who’s→whose
2. student→students
3.去掉but
4. on→in
5. was→were
6. homeworks →homework
7. stopped后加to
8. find→found
9. immediate→immediately
10. fire前加the
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了自己的朋友刘梅在邻居家失火时帮助救援的事情。
1.考查定语从句。句意：我有一个好朋友，他的名字叫刘梅。此处引导定语从句，先行词friend，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
2.考查名词。句意：她是我们的班长，也是我们班最优秀的学生之一。one of后面需加可数名词复数形式。故将student改为students。
3.考查连词。句意：虽然她很聪明，但她学习很努力。although和but不能连用。故将but去掉。
4.考查介词。句意：我们有很多共同点，也有很多可以谈论的。have sth. in common为固定短语，意为“有共同之处”。故将on改为in。
5.考查主谓一致。句意：一天晚上，她告诉我，她父母不在家时发生了一件事。主语为her parents，be动词用were。故将was改为were。
6.考查名词。句意：一个星期天早上，她正在做作业，突然闻到有东西烧焦了。homework为不可数名词。故将homeworks改为homework。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：她停下来往窗外看，发现一团烟正从她邻居的房子里冒出来。stop to do sth停下来做某事(停下来去做另一件事情)；stop doing sth.停止做某事(停止手上正在做的事情)；此处表示“停下来写作业去看窗外”，应用stop to do sth.。故在stopped后加to。
8.考查动词时态。句意同上。此处和stopped并列，需用一般过去时。故将find改为found。
9.考查副词。句意：她立刻打了119。修饰动词called需用副词作状语。故将immediate改为immediately。
10.考查冠词。句意：十分钟后，消防队员来了，把火扑灭了。此处表示特指，需加定冠词。故在fire前加the。
【答案】Dear Wang Mei,
I’m very glad to have received your e-mail. Now I’m writing to give you some advice on how to learn English well in high school.
First of all, you should listen to the teacher carefully and take notes in class so that you can go over your lessons regularly after class. As we all know, vocabulary is of great importance. You should spend half an hour in the morning reciting words and reading texts aloud. What’s more, try to communicate with your classmates in English out of class. In this way you can improve your listening and spoken English quickly. Last but not least, you should develop the habit of keeping a diary, which helps improve your written English and helps you review the words and expressions that you have learnt.
I hope you will find these suggestions useful.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。
第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；你刚收到了你的朋友王梅的电子邮件，她在邮件里向你询问在高中如何学好英语；你在回信中告诉她：1. 上课认真听讲，做好笔记，课后及时复习；2. 词汇是基础，每天早上花半个小时的时间背诵单词，朗读课文；3. 课外多与同学用英语交流，提高听力和口语能力；4. 每天坚持写日记。本文时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：listen to the teacher carefully and take notes in class （上课认真听讲，做好笔记），go over your lessons（复习功课），vocabulary（词汇），spend time doing sth.（花时间做某事），read texts aloud（朗读课文），communicate with（与……交流），keep a diary（写日记）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【亮点说明】
范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如状语从句First of all, you should listen to the teacher carefully and take notes in class so that you can go over your lessons regularly after class.；定语从句Last but not least, you should develop the habit of keeping a diary, which helps improve your written English and helps you review the words and expressions that you have learnt.全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外first of all，what’s more，last but not least等词组的使用，使得文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。