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辽宁省沈阳市东北育才学校科学高中2021-2022学年高二下学期自我检测英语试卷(4月月考)含解析
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这是一份辽宁省沈阳市东北育才学校科学高中2021-2022学年高二下学期自我检测英语试卷(4月月考)含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
东北育才学校科学高中
2021—2022学年度下学期高二自我检测英语试卷
第I卷（选择题）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1. Where does the woman probably work?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a hospital. C. In a school.
2. What does the mother ask the boy to do?
A. Study a little more. B. Read a novel for a change. C. Go to sleep.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A disaster. B. A new apartment. C. A television show.
4. To what time has the plane been put off?
A. 10:50. B. 9:35. C. 9:20.
5. How does the woman feel about the man’s leaving?
A. Uncomfortable. B. Annoyed. C. Glad.
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个题。
6. Who could the man probably be?
A. A salesman. B. A secretary. C. A customer.
7. What does the woman decide to do in the end?
A. Check the machines. B. Buy a new type of oil. C. Ask the technician for advice.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Travel agent and tourist. C. Hotel clerk and customer,
9. What is the main reason why the travel expenses have gone over the budget?
A. Many people are making unnecessary trips.
B. The hotel to stay in is too expensive.
C. The airline has charged more.
10. What is the man’s suggestion?
A. Cut down the unnecessary trips.
B. Work out a better deal with the airline company.
C. Discuss the problem of the travel expenses at the meeting.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。
11. Why does the woman make the call?
A. To ask for help. B. To make a complaint. C. To make a request.
12. What can we learn from the woman’s birthday party?
A. Her friends ate up all her food and drank up all her beers.
B. Some neighbors got angry at her noisy party.
C. All her neighbors went to her party.
13. What does the woman’s house owner want her to do?
A. Pay for the repairs. B. Call him to fix the window. C. Mail the house rent on time.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16三个小题。
14. Why did Susan get a job before going to college?
A. Her family was poor.
B. She didn’t want to go to college.
C. She wanted to get job experience.
15. What did Susan like in the shop when she first worked there?
A. The workmates. B. The clean workplace. C. The smell of hot bread.
16. What does Susan say about working in the shop?
A. She liked to plan parties for customers.
B. She enjoyed the busy part of the day.
C. She was good at designing cakes.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. U.S. students and their future jobs.
B. The life of students in the U.S.
C. Higher education in the U.S.
18. What jobs do American graduate students hope to find?
A. Those that are interesting and well-paid.
B. Those that are very challenging.
C. Those that are quite special.
19. What is the graduate students’ life like in America?
A. Meaningful. B. Tough. C. Interesting.
20. What do most American graduate students think of spending time on their studies?
A. It is unnecessary. B. It will pay off. C. It is not rewarding.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
A
Nothing says “I love you” like a homemade gift. But imagine if this specially-crafted gift actually ended up changing the world! Before they became popular items used by millions of people, these inventions were inspired by incredible acts of love.
Garbage Disposal
John W. Hammes, an architect from Wisconsin, created the In-Sink-Erator in 1935. Hammes got the idea after watching his wife spend time wrapping food in newspaper and throwing it out. The In-Sink-Erator is a device, installed under a kitchen sink between the sink’s drain and the trap. The disposal unit shreds food waste into pieces small enough generally less than 2 mm in diameter to pass through plumbing.
Magnetic Shirt Buttons
Maura Horton’s husband, Don, was a football coach who had Parkinson’s disease. One day, after Don struggled to button his shirt before a game, Horton decided there needed to be a better clothing option for people suffering from disability. So, Horton designed a shirt with magnetic buttons in 2012. It will finally allow everyone to dress, and undress themselves efficiently.
Surgical Gloves
William Stewart Halsted, M.D. (1852 — 1922) was a renowned U.S. surgeon who is often called the “Father of Modern Surgery.” Known for his strict adherence to sterile working conditions, Halsted invented a rubber glove that allowed surgeons to lessen the transfer of germs during their work. Yet the origin of why he created them is more romantic than you would think. Halsted’s wife, Caroline, was a nurse who suffered from dermatitis during her work. According to the Washinton Post, Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage.
1. According to Paragraph 3, we know that _____.
A. only specific groups can use magnetic shirt buttons
B. ordinary buttons made Horton's husband lose the game
C. the designer of magnetic shirt buttons had Parkinson’s disease
D. magnetic shirt buttons were originally designed for the disabled
2. Why did William design surgical gloves?
A. To treat surgical diseases. B. To improve work efficiency.
C. To protect his wife from infection. D. To be the father of modern surgery.
3. What do the three inventions have in common?
A. They were inspired by love. B. They were designed to save time.
C. They were created to change the world. D. They were invented in the 20th century.
B
From the heartland to urban parks, school kids were released onto the baseball diamond. There was a time when baseball was the only summer game. But with competition from soccer and lacrosse, the clap of leather gloves is not as omnipresent as it used to be. Still, America’s game is a place for young boys to prove themselves.
Some boys were born athletic but Tim seemed to be growing in the opposite way: thin shoulders and no meat on his bones. But he loved baseball. And game after game, strikeout after strikeout piled up in the stat sheet. The desire was there, but the body doesn’t respond to dreams and wishes. The strikes continued.
Tim practiced his swing every day. His teammates encouraged him. His coach worked with him. Even opposing teams wished for a hit, just one hit for a boy who seemed to deserve it more than any other kid in the world.
What teammates and even the coach never saw was a gray van that pulled up each game in the parking lot adjacent to left field. Inside was Tim’s father, too weak from cancer to get out of the van. It’s a tough to watch your kid strike out, even tougher when you don’t have the strength to pitch to him.
At the end of the season, Tim stood at the plate as determined as ever. On the first pitch, the bat fell from his shoulder in a downward swing and somehow made contact. The ball dribbled down the third-base line, and Tim galloped to first. He stood on the bag wearing a smile as big as the outfield. He didn’t have the chance to advance, and when the pitcher retired the final out, Tim ran straight into left field, climbed the fence and dove into the front seat of a gray van, into the arms of a frail father whose wish for his son had finally materialized.
Sometimes it is more than a game.
4. What does the underlined word “omnipresent” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Outstanding. B. Exciting. C. Replaceable. D. Common.
5. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that _____.
A. Tim’s efforts won others’ respect
B. everyone believed Tim deserved a strikeout
C. Tim’s coach was very satisfied with his performance
D. Tim’s teammates often complained about his performance
6. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Nobody supported Tim playing baseball.
B. Tim and his father love each other deeply.
C. Tim won the game through constant efforts.
D. Tim played baseball only to satisfy his own vanity.
7. Which message does Tim’s experience convey?
A. Easier said than done. B. One good turn deserves another.
C. Where there is a will, there is a way. D. One false step makes a great difference.
C
Fastbrick Robotics is responding to the increased demand for housing and a shortage in skilled construction labor with a bricklaying robot. The gigantic robot Hadrian X, equipped with specialized technology, can lay a residential house from the ground up, on site, in 2 days.
Hadrian is not the first outdoor construction robot. Trouble is, nothing’s happening outdoors. That’s because most robots can’t adjust to small, quick changes in wind or temperature fast enough to keep up. Especially when you’re working on something as large-scale as building a house and a light breeze could lead to bricks being laid way out of position. So up till now, any robot building on such large scales had to be indoors in minutely controlled environments.
Hadrian has overcome this problem using the precision technology Dynamic Stabilisation Technology (DST). The computer program measures environmental factors an astounding 2000 times per second, then accounts for them in real time. Combine that with a 3D printer style build process based on CAD modelling, and you get a robot that can lay bricks with an error margin of just 1 millimetre.
Hadrian’s got other things going for it than just accuracy though. It’s also 15 to 20 times faster than human builders, and the use of CAD modelling reduces waste because every brick is planned and calculated. Plus, it’s safer. It eliminates the need for humans to work at height and in intensive labor exposed to the elements. Together, these aspects should lead to vastly reduced housing costs. Not only is this great for first-home buyers, it’s also a potential solution to housing demand worldwide.
Fastbrick’s technological innovations may be groundbreaking, but that doesn’t mean it’ll all be smooth sailing. But any resistance and challenges faced by Fastbrick Robotics are more than offset by the potential rewards. One of the best things about being the CEO of Fastbrick, according to Mike, is that “everybody wants this to work ... it’s an amazing thing to work in an organization where you have global support to be successful”.
8. What do we know about Hadrian?
A. It’s an indoor bricklaying machine.
B. It has been accepted by all the people.
C. It’s the first outdoor construction robot.
D. It can better adapt to the environmental changes.
9. All the following words can be used to describe Hadrian EXCEPT _________.
A. safe B. costly C. reliable D. efficient
10. Which paragraphs focus on the advantage of Hadrian?
A. Paragraphs 1 and 2. B. Paragraphs 2 and 3.
C. Paragraphs 2 to 4. D. Paragraphs 3 and 4.
11. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Hadrian Replaces Humans
B. Bricklaying Suffering from Lack of Labor
C. The Best Solution to Worldwide Housing Demand
D. New Robotics Technology to Change the Construction Industry
D
One of the most beneficial skills you can learn in life is how to consistently put yourself in a good position. But not everyone knows how we can create that foundation. The position you find yourself in today is the accumulation of the small choices that you’ve been making for years.
The ordinary choices that guarantee a strong future go unnoticed. There is no pat on the back for doing the right thing just as there is no slap on the wrist for doing the wrong thing. Reading a chapter of a great book today won’t solve your problems just as not reading it won’t make them worse. Not doing the obvious thing that positions you for future success rarely hurts you right away. But as the days turn to weeks, weeks into years, and years into decades, the small choices create massively different results.
Whenever this idea is brought up, people are quick to interject. “I do these things and I don’t get the results.” Most of us make the right choices most of the time. But most of the time isn’t the same as all of the time.
For your choices to compound, you need to be consistent. A lack of consistency keeps ordinary people from extraordinary results. It’s like we’re Sisyphus rolling a boulder halfway up the hill, only to throw our hands in the air and go home. When we show up the next day, we see the boulder at the bottom of the hill. Not only did this undermine our progress but it makes getting started even harder.
Excelling at the small choices that compound over time perpetually(不断地) leaves you in favorable circumstances. If you want results you need to pay the price. The price is knowing that time is working on your side even when the results don’t show it yet.
When you look below the surface, giant leaps aren’t really giant leaps at all. If you look for the magic moment, you’ll miss how ordinary becomes extraordinary.
12. According to the passage, what causes most people to fail?
A. Selection difficulties. B. Lack of perseverance.
C. Insufficient exterior support. D. Shortage of social resources.
13. Sisyphus’s story is used to _____.
A. exhibit the way to get compound choices
B. prove that a good beginning is half success
C. emphasize the importance of being consistent
D. explain the difficulty of achieving extraordinary results
14. What’s the genre of the passage?
A. Narration. B. Argumentation. C. Practical writing. D. Expository writing.
15. Which is the best title of this passage?
A. No Pains, No Gains. B. Time Heals Everything.
C. Never Too Late to Mend. D. Small Steps make Giant Leaps.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
The increased popularity of eating organic produce is driving interest in planting an organic garden. Those backyard gardens give peace of mind that our families are eating chemical-free vegetables. ______16______ our tips will ensure your success.
Soil Amendments and Organic Matter
In order to get a healthy harvest, you need healthy organic garden soil. Soil consists of minerals, organic matter, water, and air. For a successful organic garden, the soil needs plenty of organic matter to improve the workability and structure. Organic matter helps break apart tightly packed clay particles, allowing water and air to move through the soil. ______17______
Adding Earthworms
Another way to improve soil is to welcome earthworms. ______18______ Their tunneling keeps soil loose, and their production of nitrogen-rich excrement adds fertility. Earthworms flourish in an organic garden. Earthworms will make your organic plants smile from leaf to leaf and is one of your best organic gardening supplies.
______19______
Practice a little bit of hand-weeding every day. Many gardeners find weeding to be relaxing and even therapeutic. Regular weeding keeps weeds small and prevents large ones from setting seeds, creating hundreds of new weed problems in your organic garden layout. Make sure you know what to actually pull by checking our Weed Identification Guide.
Organic Garden Pest Control
______20______ Some act as tiny patrolling guards. The bad guys can strip your plants and still not be satisfied until they take all your neighbor’s plants, too. Diseases and even deer and rabbits can be considered pests. The easiest approach to pest control is to prevent problems from the start. Give plants the right organic soil, sun, and moisture. As you work in the garden, check for any sick-looking plants, and use a trusted source, such as a local university extension service, to identify the pest.
A. Getting Rid of Weeds.
B. Keeping from Regular Weeding.
C. They are a gardener’s best friends.
D. Some bugs are good; others are not so good.
E. Given that gardening techniques are considered quite essential now,
F. Although there are some challenges associated with organic gardening,
G. It also improves sandy soil, enabling it to better retain water and nutrients.
第三部分：英语知识运用（共二节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
Arthur ran a car dealership in a town. Everybody in town knew Arthur. He was fair, genuine and honest. His employees loved him and were as warm as he was. One mechanic was, as his son ____21____, “stubborn.” The son asked why his father kept the man on. Arthur only said, “He’s all right.”
Arthur lost a son in a car accident, on the way to church. His employees tried everything to keep his ____22____ up, but the grief stays around. Yet Arthur never lost his smile. Not long after, Arthur’s wife got sick. It required more time at home and less time at the ____23____. The employees did the best they could, except for the mechanic. He was difficult as ever, ____24____ Arthur saw something deeper in him. What pain had the mechanic at one time been ____25____ that influenced him to ____26____ bitterness?
As his wife became bedridden(卧床不起), Arthur ____27____ down the dealership. The employees all found work, except for the mechanic. While Arthur cared for his wife, he kept helping the mechanic until he found work. It’s the sort of thing you ____28____ hear of. But Arthur couldn’t let a man be forgotten, however ____29____ he was.
Arthur took care of his wife until she ______30______ away. The mechanic visited several times, but he hadn’t learned how to be fully ______31______. That was OK with Arthur. He had done what he knew was ______32______, even those who couldn’t appreciate it.
We often reserve compassion for those who we believe ______33______ it. But real compassion is when we offer it without ______34______, even to those around us who may not______35______ the favor.
21. A. records B. regrets C. recalls D. resumes
22. A. courage B. spirits C. mind D. confidence
23. A. hospital B. church C. market D. dealership
24. A. but B. and C. or D. so
25. A. within B. through C. over D. under
26. A. transmit B. tolerate C. harbor D. express
27. A. turned B. put C. settled D. shut
28. A. usually B. rarely C. always D. regularly
29. A. crazy B. evil C. isolated D. stubborn
30. A. passed B. moved C. ran D. tore
31. A. prepared B. sweet C. grateful D. encouraging
32. A. respectful B. right C. sensitive D. precious
33. A. require B. desire C. deserve D. resist
34. A. hesitation B. question C. doubt D. judgment
35. A. return B. grant C. do D. thank
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Shanghai authorities will improve care for homeless people facing difficulties during the ______36______ (late) COVID-19 outbreak. “We will reinforce efforts to locate the people in need of help and arrange for them to take nucleic acid and antigen tests. The environments they’ve been to will be disinfected. Those ______37______ (test) positive for the COVID-19 ______38______ (transfer) to quarantine sites,” said Jiang Rui, director of Shanghai Civil Affairs Bureau. “Local governments will provide them with temporary relocation sites ______39______ (house) them.” she added.
Shanghai, with the majority of its neighborhoods still under lockdown, reported 23,072 new ______40______ (local) transmitted infections on Thursday, 3,200 of ______41______ are symptomatic cases. Vice-Premier Sun Chunlan said on Friday that Shanghai is expected to cut off COVID-19 transmission in communities very soon ______42______ nearly 50,000 medical workers have come to Shanghai’s aid.
According to Peng Chenlei, the city’s vice-mayor, the municipal government has bolstered management, ______43______ (improve) environmental disinfection and increased vaccination rates at local nursing homes to minimize senior ______44______ (citizen) exposure risk. Visits at nursing homes have been suspended ______45______ March 1. “Videos documenting life in the nursing homes are sent to their relatives.” Peng added.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按如下要求完成一篇短文：
结合图片内容；联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示。
注意：1. 词数不少于80个；
2. 不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last March, Margarito drove to visit his mother who lived in the countryside. When he set off for home, Margarito’s mother looked at the dark sky and noticed the sign of a coming storm. Worried about her son’s safety, she told him to drive as carefully as possible on his way home and he promised to give her a call upon his arrival.
With his mother’s words in mind, Margarito approached the main road carefully. Soon, it started to rain heavily. Eager to get home, Margarito began to drive faster. Two hours later, he came to a bumpy mountain road that had been flooded by a creek(小溪). Margarito, driving a four-wheel drive truck, figured that he would be OK. At that moment, he didn’t realize that such a thought would be a big mistake.
It was halfway across the creek that an unfortunate incident took place: The rushing waters grabbed hold of his vehicle, pushing it off the road and sending it down a rocky creek bed. The truck finally stopped some 80 feet away. Margarito’s problems only grew from there as the water had somehow positioned the truck into the creek bank at a 45-degree angle, making it difficult for him to open the driver’s side door. Injured and trapped inside with the muddy water rising quickly, Margarito was certain he was going to die. Shaking with fear, he was at a loss about what to do.
On the road right behind Margarito were a delivery worker named Steve and his nephew Mike, who were on the way to deliver furniture to customers in the countryside. They witnessed the horrible incident, and when Margarito’s truck came to rest in the middle of the overflowing creek, Steve quickly began to take action. First, he grabbed a rope from the back of his vehicle and used it to ensure he could safely approach the truck.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Next, he turned to Mike and yelled, “Give me a rock!”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了很多出色发明的灵感来自于爱的行为，并列举了三个重要发明。
1. 细节理解题。根据第三段Magnetic Shirt Buttons标题下“One day, after Don struggled to button his shirt before a game, Horton decided there needed to be a better clothing option for people suffering from disability.（有一天，当唐在一场比赛前很难扣上衬衫扣子时，霍顿决定为残疾人提供更好的服装选择。）”可知，磁力按钮衬衫是为残疾人设计的。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段Surgical Gloves标题下“Halsted’s wife, Caroline, was a nurse who suffered from dermatitis during her work. According to the Washinton Post, Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage.（霍尔斯特德的妻子卡洛琳是一名护士，她在工作期间患上了皮炎。据《华盛顿邮报》报道，霍尔斯特德专门为她发明了这款手套，并将其作为礼物送给了她。）”可知，Halsted设计手术手套是为了保护患有皮炎的妻子免受感染。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Before they became popular items used by millions of people, these inventions were inspired by incredible acts of love.（在它们成为数百万人使用的流行物品之前，这些发明的灵感来自于令人难以置信的爱的行为。）”可知，这三项发明之初是出于爱。故选A。
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了身材看起来不太适合运动的蒂姆，坚持努力进行训练，蒂姆的父亲身患癌症，但还是在蒂姆的每场比赛中出现，最终蒂姆在比赛中取得了更好的成绩。
1. 词义猜测题。根据第一段“There was a time when baseball was the only summer game. But with competition from soccer and lacrosse, the clap of leather gloves is not as omnipresent as it used to be.（曾经有一段时间，棒球是唯一的夏季比赛。但随着来自足球和曲棍球的竞争，皮手套的拍击声不像过去那样omnipresent了。）”可知，以前棒球是唯一的夏季比赛，但是现在有了足球和曲棍球的竞争，棒球不像过去那么常见了。由此推知，划线词omnipresent与common“常见的”意思接近。故选D项。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段“His teammates encouraged him. His coach worked with him. Even opposing teams wished for a hit, just one hit for a boy who seemed to deserve it more than any other kid in the world.（他的队友鼓励他。他的教练和他一起合作。就连对方的球队都希望能被击出一记好球，哪怕是一记好球，都是为了一个似乎比世界上任何一个孩子都更值得被击出好球的男孩。）”可知，蒂姆的努力得到了队友、教练甚至是对手球队的尊重。故选A项。
3. 推理判断题。根据第四段“What teammates and even the coach never saw was a gray van that pulled up each game in the parking lot adjacent to left field. Inside was Tim’s father, too weak from cancer to get out of the van.（队友甚至教练都从未见过的是一辆灰色的面包车，每一场比赛它都会在临近左外场的停车场停下。里面是蒂姆的父亲，因为癌症太虚弱了，无法从车里出来。）”以及第五段“He didn’t have the chance to advance, and when the pitcher retired the final out, Tim ran straight into left field, climbed the fence and dove into the front seat of a gray van, into the arms of a frail father whose wish for his son had finally materialized.（他没有机会晋级，当投手在决赛中退场时，蒂姆径直跑进左外场，爬上栅栏，跳进灰色面包车的前排座位，进入一位虚弱父亲的怀抱，这位父亲对儿子的愿望终于实现了。）”可知，父亲身患癌症，但是还是去看儿子的每场比赛，儿子在比赛结束后第一时间去拥抱自己的父亲，所以蒂姆和他的父亲深爱着对方。故选B项。
4. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Some boys were born athletic but Tim seemed to be growing in the opposite way: thin shoulders and no meat on his bones.（有些男孩生来就是运动型的，但蒂姆似乎在以相反的方式成长：他的肩膀很瘦，骨头上没有肉。）”、第三段“Tim practiced his swing every day.（蒂姆每天练习挥杆。）”以及第五段“On the first pitch, the bat fell from his shoulder in a downward swing and somehow made contact. The ball dribbled down the third-base line, and Tim galloped to first.（在第一次投球时，球棒从他的肩上向下挥舞，不知怎的碰到了。球沿着第三条底线运球，蒂姆飞奔到第一条底线。）”可知，蒂姆的身体条件不适合运动，但是经过他不懈的努力，最终在赛场取得了更好的成绩，所以蒂姆的经历传达了这样的信息：有志者事竟成。故选C项。
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人技术公司Fastbrick Robotics为智能化房屋建设所开发的Hadrian X机器人。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Fastbrick Robotics is responding to the increased demand for housing and a shortage in skilled construction labor with a bricklaying robot.（为了应对住房需求的增长和熟练建筑工人的短缺，Fastbrick Robotics公司推出了一款砌砖机器人。）”以及第二段中的“So up till now, any robot building on such large scales had to be indoors in minutely controlled environments.（因此，到目前为止，任何如此大规模的机器人建筑都必须在室内的微小控制环境中进行。）”可知，Hadrian是室内砌砖机器人。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Together, these aspects should lead to vastly reduced housing costs. Not only is this great for first-home buyers, it’s also a potential solution to housing demand worldwide.（这些方面加在一起，将大大降低住房成本。这不仅对首次购房者很好，也是解决全球住房需求的一个潜在方案。）”可知，costly（昂贵的）不能用来描述Hadrian。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Trouble is, nothing’s happening outdoors. That’s because most robots can’t adjust to small, quick changes in wind or temperature fast enough to keep up.（问题是，户外什么都没有发生。这是因为大多数机器人无法适应风速或温度的微小、快速变化。）”可知，第二段不是关于Hadrian的优点，可排除答案A、B、C。另外，第三段“you get a robot that can lay bricks with an error margin of just 1 millimetre.（你会得到一个机器人，它可以在误差仅为1毫米的情况下铺设砖块。）”以及第四段“It’s also 15 to 20 times faster than human builders, and the use of CAD modelling reduces waste because every brick is planned and calculated. Plus, it’s safer.（它也比人类建筑速度快15到20倍，而CAD建模的使用减少了浪费，因为每一块砖都是经过规划和计算的。而且更安全。）”都是关于Hadrian的优点。故选D。
4. 标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“Fastbrick Robotics is responding to the increased demand for housing and a shortage in skilled construction labor with a bricklaying robot.（为了应对住房需求的增长和熟练建筑工人的短缺，Fastbrick Robotics公司推出了一款砌砖机器人。）”可知，本文主要介绍了机器人技术公司Fastbrick Robotics为智能化房屋建设所开发的Hadrian X机器人，这样做解决了住房需求的增加和熟练建筑工人的短缺问题。由此可知，New Robotics Technology to Change the Construction Industry（新型机器人技术将改变建筑行业）适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了积累的重要性。
1. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“For your choices to compound, you need to be consistent. A lack of consistency keeps ordinary people from extraordinary results.（对于复合选择，你需要保持一致。缺乏持续性使普通人无法取得非凡的成就。）”可知，缺乏毅力导致大多数人失败。故选B。
2. 写作意图题。根据第四段中“For your choices to compound, you need to be consistent. A lack of consistency keeps ordinary people from extraordinary results. It’s like we’re Sisyphus rolling a boulder halfway up the hill, only to throw our hands in the air and go home. When we show up the next day, we see the boulder at the bottom of the hill. Not only did this undermine our progress but it makes getting started even harder.（对于复合选择，你需要保持一致。缺乏持续性使普通人无法取得非凡的成就。就像西西弗斯把一块巨石滚到半山腰，然后半途而废回家了。当我们第二天去的时候，我们看到了山脚下的巨石。这不仅破坏了我们的进步，而且让我们更难开始。）”可知，此处Sisyphus的例子是为了论证第四段句首“For your choices to compound, you need to be consistent. A lack of consistency keeps ordinary people from extraordinary results.（对于复合选择，你需要保持一致。缺乏持续性使普通人无法取得非凡的成就。）”这一观点，即持续积累很重要。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。根据第一段“One of the most beneficial skills you can learn in life is how to consistently put yourself in a good position. But not everyone knows how we can create that foundation. The position you find yourself in today is the accumulation of the small choices that you’ve been making for years.（在生活中，你可以学到的最有益的技能之一是如何始终把自己放在一个好的位置上。但并不是每个人都知道我们如何创建这个基础。你今天所处的位置是你多年来所做的小选择的积累。）”可知，本文是在文章开篇提出论点：积累的重要性，然后进行论证。由此可知，本文属于议论文。故选B。
4. 标题归纳题。根据第一段“One of the most beneficial skills you can learn in life is how to consistently put yourself in a good position. But not everyone knows how we can create that foundation. The position you find yourself in today is the accumulation of the small choices that you’ve been making for years.（在生活中，你可以学到的最有益的技能之一是如何始终把自己放在一个好的位置上。但并不是每个人都知道我们如何创建这个基础。你今天所处的位置是你多年来所做的小选择的积累。）”可知，文章强调了积累对人生的重要意义。由此可知，Small Steps make Giant Leaps（巨大的改变，始于跬步）适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. C 19. A 20. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章提供了几个有助于后院有机种植的建议。
1. 根据下文“our tips will ensure your success.（我们的建议将确保你的成功。）”可知，下文提到的建议将确保在后花园种植的成功。由此推知，要在后花园把有机蔬菜种植好也有一定的难度和挑战。F项“尽管有机园艺存在一些挑战”符合题意，与下文承接自然。故选F。
2. 空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“Organic matter helps break apart tightly packed clay particles, allowing water and air to move through the soil.（有机物有助于分解紧密堆积的粘土颗粒，使水和空气在土壤中流动。）”推知，下文继续陈述有机物的作用。G项“它还能改善沙质土壤，使其更好地保持水分和养分”符合语境，also表明上下文的并列关系，it指代上文的organic matter。故选G。
3. 根据上文“Another way to improve soil is to welcome earthworms.（另一种改良土壤的方法是欢迎蚯蚓。）”和下文“Their tunneling keeps soil loose, and their production of nitrogen-rich excrement adds fertility.（它们的挖掘使土壤保持疏松，它们产生的富含氮的排泄物增加了肥力。）”可知，上文提到了可以用蚯蚓改善土壤，下文则提到了它们在哪些方面对土壤进行改善。由此推知，空处内容也与蚯蚓有关。C项“它们是园丁的好朋友”符合题意，承上启下，选项中的they指代上文的earthworms。故选C。
4. 空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Regular weeding keeps weeds small and prevents large ones from setting seeds, creating hundreds of new weed problems in your organic garden layout. Make sure you know what to actually pull by checking our Weed Identification Guide.（定期除草可以使杂草保持较小，并防止较大的杂草播种，以至于在你的有机花园布局中产生数百个新的杂草问题。通过查看我们的杂草识别指南，确保您知道实际要拔什么。）”可知，本段建议种植者定期除草。A项“除草”可以作为本段的小标题。故选A。
5. 根据小标题“Organic Garden Pest Control”可知，本段陈述有机种植物如何防虫。结合下文“Some act as tiny patrolling guards. The bad guys can strip your plants and still not be satisfied until they take all your neighbor’s plants, too.（有些充当小型巡逻警卫。坏的会掠夺你的植物，直到它们也拿走了你邻居的所有植物，它们才会满意。）”推知，上文提到了一些虫子，它们中一些对园艺有帮助，一些会搞破环。D项“有的虫子是好的，其他的则没有那么好”符合题意，bugs呼应标题的pest。故选D。
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. A
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了汽车经销商店主亚瑟在自身经历丧子、丧偶的情况下，不图回报地善待自己的机械师的故事。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：据他儿子回忆，其中一个机修工“很固执”。A. records记录；B. regrets遗憾，后悔；C. recalls回忆；D. resumes重新开始，恢复。根据下文“The son asked why his father kept the man on. Arthur only said, “He’s all right.””可知，此处是亚瑟的儿子现在对机械师的回忆。故选C项。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的员工想尽一切办法让他振作起来，但悲伤依然存在。A. courage勇气；B. spirits精神，士气；C. mind思维、心智；D. confidence信心。根据上文“Arthur lost a son in a car accident（亚瑟在车祸中失去了一个儿子）”以及下文“but the grief stays around（但悲伤依然存在）”可知，员工们想让他的精神振作起来。故选B项。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这需要更多的时间在家，而在经销商处的时间更少。A. hospital医院；B. church教堂；C. market市场；D. dealership经销商店。根据上文“Arthur ran a car dealership in a town.（亚瑟在一个镇上经营一家汽车经销店。）”可知，此处指在经销店待的时间更少了。故选D项。
4. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他和以往一样困难，但亚瑟从他身上看到了更深的东西。A. but但是；B. and而且；C. or或者；D. so因此。根据句意，困难如以往与亚瑟看到更深的东西应该是转折关系。故选A项。
5. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：机械师曾经经历过什么样的痛苦，使他藏匿痛苦？A. within在……之内；B. through通过；C. over在……之上；D. under处于……之下。under pain意为“处于……痛苦中”。英语中常将under放在痛苦、疾病等不好的词前，表示“忍受着……；处于……之中”。故选D项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：机械师曾经经历过什么样的痛苦，使他藏匿痛苦？A. transmit传送，传递；B. tolerate容忍；C. harbor藏匿，心怀；D. express表达。根据上文“He was difficult as ever, _________ Arthur saw something deeper in him.”可知，此处指机械师不将痛苦表露出来，故选C项。
7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的妻子卧床不起，亚瑟关闭了经销商。A. turned (down)调低，拒绝；B. put (down)放下；C. settled (down)定居；D. shut (down)关闭。根据常识和固定搭配，此处指亚瑟关闭了经销商店。shut down意为“停工；完全关闭”。故选D项。
8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这种事你很少听说。A. usually通常；B. rarely很少；C. always总是；D. regularly定期。根据下文转折关系“But Arthur couldn’t let a man be forgotten”可知，空格处指这种事很少听说。故选B项。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是亚瑟不能让一个人被遗忘，不管他多么固执。A. crazy疯狂的；B. evil邪恶的；C. isolated孤立的；D. stubborn固执的。根据上文“One mechanic was, as his son __________, “stubborn.””可知，这个机械师很固执。故选D项。
10. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：亚瑟一直照顾他的妻子，直到她去世。A. passed (away)去世；B. moved (away)离开；C. ran (away)跑开；D. tore (away)撕开。根据常识可知，妻子病情恶化，最终去世。pass away意为“去世，离开人世”。故选A项。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：机械师来过好几次，但他还没有学会如何满怀感激。A. prepared有准备的；B. sweet甜蜜的；C. grateful感激的；D. encouraging激励人的。根据上文“The employees did the best they could, except for the mechanic.（除了机修工，员工们尽了最大努力。）”以及下文“even those who couldn’t appreciate it.（即使是那些不感激它的人。）”可知，机械师没有学会如何满怀感激。故选C项。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亚瑟觉得没什么，他做了他认为正确的事，即使是那些不感激它的人。A. respectful恭敬的；B. right正确的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. precious珍贵的。根据文意，无论机械师对他的感激持什么态度，亚瑟一如既往地善待机械师。所以，他觉得他这样做是对的。故选B项。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们经常对那些我们认为值得同情的人保留同情。A. require要求；B. desire渴望；C. deserve值得；D. resist抵抗。根据常识，我们经常对那些我们认为值得同情的人保留同情。故选C项。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但真正的同情是我们毫不犹豫地付出，即使是对我们周围那些可能不会回报的人。A. hesitation犹豫；B. question问题；C. doubt怀疑；D. judgment判断。通读全文，本句是对文章主旨的升华，即真正的同情心是当我们毫不犹豫地提供它，即使是对我们周围那些可能不会回报的人。故选A项。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但真正的同情是我们毫不犹豫地付出，即使是对我们周围那些可能不会回报的人。A. return回报；B. grant允许；C. do做；D. thank感谢。通读全文，本句是对文章主旨的升华，即真正的同情心是当我们毫不犹豫地提供它，即使是对我们周围那些可能不会回报的人。thank通常是以“人”宾语，即thank sb for (doing) sth，此处结构不符合。故选A项。
【答案】36. latest
37. tested
38. will be transferred
39. to house
40. locals
41. whom
42. because
43. improved
44. citizens’
45. on
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了上海当局将如何改善对在最近一次2019冠状病毒疫情中面临困难的无家可归者的护理。
1. 考查形容词。句意：上海当局将改善对在最近一次2019冠状病毒疫情中面临困难的无家可归者的护理。用形容词作定语，修饰名词短语COVID-19 outbreak，形容词latest（最近的）符合句意。故填latest。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：对2019冠状病毒疾病检测呈阳性的人将被转移到检疫地点。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰前面的代词those（那些人），test和被修饰的代词之间为被动关系，所以要用过去分词。故填tested。
3. 考查时态语态。句意：对2019冠状病毒疾病检测呈阳性的人将被转移到检疫地点。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词，根据句意可知，这些被检测出阳性的人将被转移到检疫地点，所以要用一般将来时态，句子主语和谓语动词之间为被动关系，所以用一般将来时态的被动语态。故填will be transferred。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：“地方政府将为他们提供临时安置点以安置他们。”她补充道。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，所以空处需要非谓语动词做目的状语，要用动词不定式。故填to house。
5. 考查名词复数。句意：上海大部分社区仍处于封锁状态，周四报告了23072例新的本地传播感染病例，其中3200例为有症状病例。local为可数名词，意为“当地人”，根据空前的23,072可知，空处要用复数形式。故填locals。
6. 考查定语从句。句意：上海大部分社区仍处于封锁状态，周四报告了23072例新的本地传播感染病例，其中3200例为有症状病例。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词23,072 new locals，空前有介词of，所以先行词在定语从句中做介词的宾语，指人，用关系代词whom。故填whom。
7. 考查连词。句意：国务院副总理孙春兰周五表示，预计上海将很快切断2019冠状病毒疾病在社区的传播，因为已有近5万名医务人员前来救援。根据句意可知，前半句话为“国务院副总理孙春兰周五表示，预计上海将很快切断2019冠状病毒疾病在社区的传播”，后半句话为“已有近5万名医务人员前来救援”可知，后面为原因，前面为结果，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
8. 考查时态。句意：该市副市长彭晨雷表示，市政府加强了管理，改善了环境消毒，提高了当地养老院的接种率，以最大限度地降低老年人的接触风险。分析句子结构可知，空处和has bolstered以及and后面的(has) increased为并列的谓语动词，时态为现在完成时态，所以空处要用过去分词，省略了has。故填improved。
9. 考查名词所有格。句意：该市副市长彭晨雷表示，市政府加强了管理，改善了环境消毒，提高了当地养老院的接种率，以最大限度地降低老年人的接触风险。根据句意可知，政府最大限度地降低老年人的接触风险，所以要用名词所有格，修饰后面的名词，而且降低了不止一个市民的风险，所以要用名词复数的所有格。故填citizens’。
10. 考查介词。句意：养老院的探视已于3月1日暂停。根据句意可知，养老院的探视已于3月1日暂停，在具体的某月某日之前用介词on。故填on。
【答案】
As the picture vividly shows, a single tree does not make a forest, and countless water droplets converge into the sea. Similarly, the society is also composed of lots of individuals. This picture tells us that in the society, we can’t live alone without other people, and we should rely on and help each other. I hope we can all learn tolerance, understanding, friendship and mutual assistance in our dealings with others, and only in this way can we build a harmonious society.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图画作文，要求考生结合图片内容，联系实际谈谈启示。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
生动地：vividly→racily
展示：show→demonstrate
依靠：rely on→depend on
许多的：a number of→lots of
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I hope we can all learn tolerance, understanding, friendship and mutual assistance in our dealings with others, and only in this way can we build a harmonious society.
拓展句：I hope we can all learn tolerance, understanding, friendship and mutual assistance in our dealings with others, which can help us build a harmonious society.
【点睛】[高分句型1] This picture tells us that in the society, we can’t live alone without other people, and we should rely on and help each other.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2] I hope we can all learn tolerance, understanding, friendship and mutual assistance in our dealings with others, and only in this way can we build a harmonious society.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句及部分倒装）
【答案】
Next, he turned to Mike and yelled, “Give me a rock!” With the rock, he hit the window over and over but had little success. Steve then shouted to Margarito to move away from the window. He balanced himself on the truck, leaned back and threw the rock at the window. Finally, the glass broke and Steve kicked in the remaining pieces of glass. Relieved, Margarito reached out for Steve’s hand and was rescued. The two men escaped and returned to safety.
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang. With trembling hands, Margarito took out the phone and pressed it to his ear. His mother’s anxious voice came over the phone, “Are you home yet? Everything’s good?” Tears welled up in his eyes at the familiar sound of concern. Margarito choked up as he explained the accident to his mom and comforted her. Hanging up the phone, he turned to Steve and Mike and sincerely thanked both of them. Cold as the rain was, great warmth filled his heart like never before.
【解析】
【导语】本文以玛格丽托开车去看望住在乡下的母亲为线索展开，讲述了去年3月，玛格丽托去看望住在乡下的母亲，返程途中遭遇到了暴风雨，他的车被卡在山路上的一条小溪中间，他受伤了并被困在里面，这时，送货员史蒂夫和他的侄子迈克目睹了这可怕的一幕，他们把玛格丽托从车里救了出来。玛格丽托对两位营救他的恩人非常感激。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“接着，他转向迈克喊道：“给我一块石头！”。”可知，第一段可描写送货员史蒂夫看到玛格丽托被困在车里，立刻想到了必须马上用石头砸破车窗户，把玛格丽托营救出来，详细叙述他营救玛格丽托的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“玛格丽托正要感谢史蒂夫和迈克，这时他夹克口袋里的手机响了。”可知，第二段可描写玛格丽托被救后接到了他母亲的电话，电话中他向母亲讲述了刚才自己经历的惊险一幕，挂断电话后，玛格丽托向史蒂夫和迈克表达的真诚的感谢之情。
2. 续写线索：史蒂夫砸车窗——玛格丽托获救——玛格丽托接到母亲电话——玛格丽托表达感谢
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①喊叫：shout/yell out
②营救，得救：rescue/save
③解释：explain/interpret/illustrate
情绪类
①焦急的：anxious/worried
②真诚地：sincerely/honestly
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Margarito choked up as he explained the accident to his mom and comforted her.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】
Cold as the rain was, great warmth filled his heart like never before.（运用了形容词+as +主语+系动词倒装句型）
东北育才学校科学高中
2021—2022学年度下学期高二自我检测英语试卷
第I卷（选择题）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1. Where does the woman probably work?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a hospital. C. In a school.
2. What does the mother ask the boy to do?
A. Study a little more. B. Read a novel for a change. C. Go to sleep.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A disaster. B. A new apartment. C. A television show.
4. To what time has the plane been put off?
A. 10:50. B. 9:35. C. 9:20.
5. How does the woman feel about the man’s leaving?
A. Uncomfortable. B. Annoyed. C. Glad.
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个题。
6. Who could the man probably be?
A. A salesman. B. A secretary. C. A customer.
7. What does the woman decide to do in the end?
A. Check the machines. B. Buy a new type of oil. C. Ask the technician for advice.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Travel agent and tourist. C. Hotel clerk and customer,
9. What is the main reason why the travel expenses have gone over the budget?
A. Many people are making unnecessary trips.
B. The hotel to stay in is too expensive.
C. The airline has charged more.
10. What is the man’s suggestion?
A. Cut down the unnecessary trips.
B. Work out a better deal with the airline company.
C. Discuss the problem of the travel expenses at the meeting.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。
11. Why does the woman make the call?
A. To ask for help. B. To make a complaint. C. To make a request.
12. What can we learn from the woman’s birthday party?
A. Her friends ate up all her food and drank up all her beers.
B. Some neighbors got angry at her noisy party.
C. All her neighbors went to her party.
13. What does the woman’s house owner want her to do?
A. Pay for the repairs. B. Call him to fix the window. C. Mail the house rent on time.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16三个小题。
14. Why did Susan get a job before going to college?
A. Her family was poor.
B. She didn’t want to go to college.
C. She wanted to get job experience.
15. What did Susan like in the shop when she first worked there?
A. The workmates. B. The clean workplace. C. The smell of hot bread.
16. What does Susan say about working in the shop?
A. She liked to plan parties for customers.
B. She enjoyed the busy part of the day.
C. She was good at designing cakes.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. U.S. students and their future jobs.
B. The life of students in the U.S.
C. Higher education in the U.S.
18. What jobs do American graduate students hope to find?
A. Those that are interesting and well-paid.
B. Those that are very challenging.
C. Those that are quite special.
19. What is the graduate students’ life like in America?
A. Meaningful. B. Tough. C. Interesting.
20. What do most American graduate students think of spending time on their studies?
A. It is unnecessary. B. It will pay off. C. It is not rewarding.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
A
Nothing says “I love you” like a homemade gift. But imagine if this specially-crafted gift actually ended up changing the world! Before they became popular items used by millions of people, these inventions were inspired by incredible acts of love.
Garbage Disposal
John W. Hammes, an architect from Wisconsin, created the In-Sink-Erator in 1935. Hammes got the idea after watching his wife spend time wrapping food in newspaper and throwing it out. The In-Sink-Erator is a device, installed under a kitchen sink between the sink’s drain and the trap. The disposal unit shreds food waste into pieces small enough generally less than 2 mm in diameter to pass through plumbing.
Magnetic Shirt Buttons
Maura Horton’s husband, Don, was a football coach who had Parkinson’s disease. One day, after Don struggled to button his shirt before a game, Horton decided there needed to be a better clothing option for people suffering from disability. So, Horton designed a shirt with magnetic buttons in 2012. It will finally allow everyone to dress, and undress themselves efficiently.
Surgical Gloves
William Stewart Halsted, M.D. (1852 — 1922) was a renowned U.S. surgeon who is often called the “Father of Modern Surgery.” Known for his strict adherence to sterile working conditions, Halsted invented a rubber glove that allowed surgeons to lessen the transfer of germs during their work. Yet the origin of why he created them is more romantic than you would think. Halsted’s wife, Caroline, was a nurse who suffered from dermatitis during her work. According to the Washinton Post, Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage.
1. According to Paragraph 3, we know that _____.
A. only specific groups can use magnetic shirt buttons
B. ordinary buttons made Horton's husband lose the game
C. the designer of magnetic shirt buttons had Parkinson’s disease
D. magnetic shirt buttons were originally designed for the disabled
2. Why did William design surgical gloves?
A. To treat surgical diseases. B. To improve work efficiency.
C. To protect his wife from infection. D. To be the father of modern surgery.
3. What do the three inventions have in common?
A. They were inspired by love. B. They were designed to save time.
C. They were created to change the world. D. They were invented in the 20th century.
B
From the heartland to urban parks, school kids were released onto the baseball diamond. There was a time when baseball was the only summer game. But with competition from soccer and lacrosse, the clap of leather gloves is not as omnipresent as it used to be. Still, America’s game is a place for young boys to prove themselves.
Some boys were born athletic but Tim seemed to be growing in the opposite way: thin shoulders and no meat on his bones. But he loved baseball. And game after game, strikeout after strikeout piled up in the stat sheet. The desire was there, but the body doesn’t respond to dreams and wishes. The strikes continued.
Tim practiced his swing every day. His teammates encouraged him. His coach worked with him. Even opposing teams wished for a hit, just one hit for a boy who seemed to deserve it more than any other kid in the world.
What teammates and even the coach never saw was a gray van that pulled up each game in the parking lot adjacent to left field. Inside was Tim’s father, too weak from cancer to get out of the van. It’s a tough to watch your kid strike out, even tougher when you don’t have the strength to pitch to him.
At the end of the season, Tim stood at the plate as determined as ever. On the first pitch, the bat fell from his shoulder in a downward swing and somehow made contact. The ball dribbled down the third-base line, and Tim galloped to first. He stood on the bag wearing a smile as big as the outfield. He didn’t have the chance to advance, and when the pitcher retired the final out, Tim ran straight into left field, climbed the fence and dove into the front seat of a gray van, into the arms of a frail father whose wish for his son had finally materialized.
Sometimes it is more than a game.
4. What does the underlined word “omnipresent” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Outstanding. B. Exciting. C. Replaceable. D. Common.
5. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that _____.
A. Tim’s efforts won others’ respect
B. everyone believed Tim deserved a strikeout
C. Tim’s coach was very satisfied with his performance
D. Tim’s teammates often complained about his performance
6. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Nobody supported Tim playing baseball.
B. Tim and his father love each other deeply.
C. Tim won the game through constant efforts.
D. Tim played baseball only to satisfy his own vanity.
7. Which message does Tim’s experience convey?
A. Easier said than done. B. One good turn deserves another.
C. Where there is a will, there is a way. D. One false step makes a great difference.
C
Fastbrick Robotics is responding to the increased demand for housing and a shortage in skilled construction labor with a bricklaying robot. The gigantic robot Hadrian X, equipped with specialized technology, can lay a residential house from the ground up, on site, in 2 days.
Hadrian is not the first outdoor construction robot. Trouble is, nothing’s happening outdoors. That’s because most robots can’t adjust to small, quick changes in wind or temperature fast enough to keep up. Especially when you’re working on something as large-scale as building a house and a light breeze could lead to bricks being laid way out of position. So up till now, any robot building on such large scales had to be indoors in minutely controlled environments.
Hadrian has overcome this problem using the precision technology Dynamic Stabilisation Technology (DST). The computer program measures environmental factors an astounding 2000 times per second, then accounts for them in real time. Combine that with a 3D printer style build process based on CAD modelling, and you get a robot that can lay bricks with an error margin of just 1 millimetre.
Hadrian’s got other things going for it than just accuracy though. It’s also 15 to 20 times faster than human builders, and the use of CAD modelling reduces waste because every brick is planned and calculated. Plus, it’s safer. It eliminates the need for humans to work at height and in intensive labor exposed to the elements. Together, these aspects should lead to vastly reduced housing costs. Not only is this great for first-home buyers, it’s also a potential solution to housing demand worldwide.
Fastbrick’s technological innovations may be groundbreaking, but that doesn’t mean it’ll all be smooth sailing. But any resistance and challenges faced by Fastbrick Robotics are more than offset by the potential rewards. One of the best things about being the CEO of Fastbrick, according to Mike, is that “everybody wants this to work ... it’s an amazing thing to work in an organization where you have global support to be successful”.
8. What do we know about Hadrian?
A. It’s an indoor bricklaying machine.
B. It has been accepted by all the people.
C. It’s the first outdoor construction robot.
D. It can better adapt to the environmental changes.
9. All the following words can be used to describe Hadrian EXCEPT _________.
A. safe B. costly C. reliable D. efficient
10. Which paragraphs focus on the advantage of Hadrian?
A. Paragraphs 1 and 2. B. Paragraphs 2 and 3.
C. Paragraphs 2 to 4. D. Paragraphs 3 and 4.
11. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Hadrian Replaces Humans
B. Bricklaying Suffering from Lack of Labor
C. The Best Solution to Worldwide Housing Demand
D. New Robotics Technology to Change the Construction Industry
D
One of the most beneficial skills you can learn in life is how to consistently put yourself in a good position. But not everyone knows how we can create that foundation. The position you find yourself in today is the accumulation of the small choices that you’ve been making for years.
The ordinary choices that guarantee a strong future go unnoticed. There is no pat on the back for doing the right thing just as there is no slap on the wrist for doing the wrong thing. Reading a chapter of a great book today won’t solve your problems just as not reading it won’t make them worse. Not doing the obvious thing that positions you for future success rarely hurts you right away. But as the days turn to weeks, weeks into years, and years into decades, the small choices create massively different results.
Whenever this idea is brought up, people are quick to interject. “I do these things and I don’t get the results.” Most of us make the right choices most of the time. But most of the time isn’t the same as all of the time.
For your choices to compound, you need to be consistent. A lack of consistency keeps ordinary people from extraordinary results. It’s like we’re Sisyphus rolling a boulder halfway up the hill, only to throw our hands in the air and go home. When we show up the next day, we see the boulder at the bottom of the hill. Not only did this undermine our progress but it makes getting started even harder.
Excelling at the small choices that compound over time perpetually(不断地) leaves you in favorable circumstances. If you want results you need to pay the price. The price is knowing that time is working on your side even when the results don’t show it yet.
When you look below the surface, giant leaps aren’t really giant leaps at all. If you look for the magic moment, you’ll miss how ordinary becomes extraordinary.
12. According to the passage, what causes most people to fail?
A. Selection difficulties. B. Lack of perseverance.
C. Insufficient exterior support. D. Shortage of social resources.
13. Sisyphus’s story is used to _____.
A. exhibit the way to get compound choices
B. prove that a good beginning is half success
C. emphasize the importance of being consistent
D. explain the difficulty of achieving extraordinary results
14. What’s the genre of the passage?
A. Narration. B. Argumentation. C. Practical writing. D. Expository writing.
15. Which is the best title of this passage?
A. No Pains, No Gains. B. Time Heals Everything.
C. Never Too Late to Mend. D. Small Steps make Giant Leaps.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
The increased popularity of eating organic produce is driving interest in planting an organic garden. Those backyard gardens give peace of mind that our families are eating chemical-free vegetables. ______16______ our tips will ensure your success.
Soil Amendments and Organic Matter
In order to get a healthy harvest, you need healthy organic garden soil. Soil consists of minerals, organic matter, water, and air. For a successful organic garden, the soil needs plenty of organic matter to improve the workability and structure. Organic matter helps break apart tightly packed clay particles, allowing water and air to move through the soil. ______17______
Adding Earthworms
Another way to improve soil is to welcome earthworms. ______18______ Their tunneling keeps soil loose, and their production of nitrogen-rich excrement adds fertility. Earthworms flourish in an organic garden. Earthworms will make your organic plants smile from leaf to leaf and is one of your best organic gardening supplies.
______19______
Practice a little bit of hand-weeding every day. Many gardeners find weeding to be relaxing and even therapeutic. Regular weeding keeps weeds small and prevents large ones from setting seeds, creating hundreds of new weed problems in your organic garden layout. Make sure you know what to actually pull by checking our Weed Identification Guide.
Organic Garden Pest Control
______20______ Some act as tiny patrolling guards. The bad guys can strip your plants and still not be satisfied until they take all your neighbor’s plants, too. Diseases and even deer and rabbits can be considered pests. The easiest approach to pest control is to prevent problems from the start. Give plants the right organic soil, sun, and moisture. As you work in the garden, check for any sick-looking plants, and use a trusted source, such as a local university extension service, to identify the pest.
A. Getting Rid of Weeds.
B. Keeping from Regular Weeding.
C. They are a gardener’s best friends.
D. Some bugs are good; others are not so good.
E. Given that gardening techniques are considered quite essential now,
F. Although there are some challenges associated with organic gardening,
G. It also improves sandy soil, enabling it to better retain water and nutrients.
第三部分：英语知识运用（共二节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
Arthur ran a car dealership in a town. Everybody in town knew Arthur. He was fair, genuine and honest. His employees loved him and were as warm as he was. One mechanic was, as his son ____21____, “stubborn.” The son asked why his father kept the man on. Arthur only said, “He’s all right.”
Arthur lost a son in a car accident, on the way to church. His employees tried everything to keep his ____22____ up, but the grief stays around. Yet Arthur never lost his smile. Not long after, Arthur’s wife got sick. It required more time at home and less time at the ____23____. The employees did the best they could, except for the mechanic. He was difficult as ever, ____24____ Arthur saw something deeper in him. What pain had the mechanic at one time been ____25____ that influenced him to ____26____ bitterness?
As his wife became bedridden(卧床不起), Arthur ____27____ down the dealership. The employees all found work, except for the mechanic. While Arthur cared for his wife, he kept helping the mechanic until he found work. It’s the sort of thing you ____28____ hear of. But Arthur couldn’t let a man be forgotten, however ____29____ he was.
Arthur took care of his wife until she ______30______ away. The mechanic visited several times, but he hadn’t learned how to be fully ______31______. That was OK with Arthur. He had done what he knew was ______32______, even those who couldn’t appreciate it.
We often reserve compassion for those who we believe ______33______ it. But real compassion is when we offer it without ______34______, even to those around us who may not______35______ the favor.
21. A. records B. regrets C. recalls D. resumes
22. A. courage B. spirits C. mind D. confidence
23. A. hospital B. church C. market D. dealership
24. A. but B. and C. or D. so
25. A. within B. through C. over D. under
26. A. transmit B. tolerate C. harbor D. express
27. A. turned B. put C. settled D. shut
28. A. usually B. rarely C. always D. regularly
29. A. crazy B. evil C. isolated D. stubborn
30. A. passed B. moved C. ran D. tore
31. A. prepared B. sweet C. grateful D. encouraging
32. A. respectful B. right C. sensitive D. precious
33. A. require B. desire C. deserve D. resist
34. A. hesitation B. question C. doubt D. judgment
35. A. return B. grant C. do D. thank
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Shanghai authorities will improve care for homeless people facing difficulties during the ______36______ (late) COVID-19 outbreak. “We will reinforce efforts to locate the people in need of help and arrange for them to take nucleic acid and antigen tests. The environments they’ve been to will be disinfected. Those ______37______ (test) positive for the COVID-19 ______38______ (transfer) to quarantine sites,” said Jiang Rui, director of Shanghai Civil Affairs Bureau. “Local governments will provide them with temporary relocation sites ______39______ (house) them.” she added.
Shanghai, with the majority of its neighborhoods still under lockdown, reported 23,072 new ______40______ (local) transmitted infections on Thursday, 3,200 of ______41______ are symptomatic cases. Vice-Premier Sun Chunlan said on Friday that Shanghai is expected to cut off COVID-19 transmission in communities very soon ______42______ nearly 50,000 medical workers have come to Shanghai’s aid.
According to Peng Chenlei, the city’s vice-mayor, the municipal government has bolstered management, ______43______ (improve) environmental disinfection and increased vaccination rates at local nursing homes to minimize senior ______44______ (citizen) exposure risk. Visits at nursing homes have been suspended ______45______ March 1. “Videos documenting life in the nursing homes are sent to their relatives.” Peng added.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按如下要求完成一篇短文：
结合图片内容；联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示。
注意：1. 词数不少于80个；
2. 不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last March, Margarito drove to visit his mother who lived in the countryside. When he set off for home, Margarito’s mother looked at the dark sky and noticed the sign of a coming storm. Worried about her son’s safety, she told him to drive as carefully as possible on his way home and he promised to give her a call upon his arrival.
With his mother’s words in mind, Margarito approached the main road carefully. Soon, it started to rain heavily. Eager to get home, Margarito began to drive faster. Two hours later, he came to a bumpy mountain road that had been flooded by a creek(小溪). Margarito, driving a four-wheel drive truck, figured that he would be OK. At that moment, he didn’t realize that such a thought would be a big mistake.
It was halfway across the creek that an unfortunate incident took place: The rushing waters grabbed hold of his vehicle, pushing it off the road and sending it down a rocky creek bed. The truck finally stopped some 80 feet away. Margarito’s problems only grew from there as the water had somehow positioned the truck into the creek bank at a 45-degree angle, making it difficult for him to open the driver’s side door. Injured and trapped inside with the muddy water rising quickly, Margarito was certain he was going to die. Shaking with fear, he was at a loss about what to do.
On the road right behind Margarito were a delivery worker named Steve and his nephew Mike, who were on the way to deliver furniture to customers in the countryside. They witnessed the horrible incident, and when Margarito’s truck came to rest in the middle of the overflowing creek, Steve quickly began to take action. First, he grabbed a rope from the back of his vehicle and used it to ensure he could safely approach the truck.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Next, he turned to Mike and yelled, “Give me a rock!”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了很多出色发明的灵感来自于爱的行为，并列举了三个重要发明。
1. 细节理解题。根据第三段Magnetic Shirt Buttons标题下“One day, after Don struggled to button his shirt before a game, Horton decided there needed to be a better clothing option for people suffering from disability.（有一天，当唐在一场比赛前很难扣上衬衫扣子时，霍顿决定为残疾人提供更好的服装选择。）”可知，磁力按钮衬衫是为残疾人设计的。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段Surgical Gloves标题下“Halsted’s wife, Caroline, was a nurse who suffered from dermatitis during her work. According to the Washinton Post, Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage.（霍尔斯特德的妻子卡洛琳是一名护士，她在工作期间患上了皮炎。据《华盛顿邮报》报道，霍尔斯特德专门为她发明了这款手套，并将其作为礼物送给了她。）”可知，Halsted设计手术手套是为了保护患有皮炎的妻子免受感染。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Before they became popular items used by millions of people, these inventions were inspired by incredible acts of love.（在它们成为数百万人使用的流行物品之前，这些发明的灵感来自于令人难以置信的爱的行为。）”可知，这三项发明之初是出于爱。故选A。
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了身材看起来不太适合运动的蒂姆，坚持努力进行训练，蒂姆的父亲身患癌症，但还是在蒂姆的每场比赛中出现，最终蒂姆在比赛中取得了更好的成绩。
1. 词义猜测题。根据第一段“There was a time when baseball was the only summer game. But with competition from soccer and lacrosse, the clap of leather gloves is not as omnipresent as it used to be.（曾经有一段时间，棒球是唯一的夏季比赛。但随着来自足球和曲棍球的竞争，皮手套的拍击声不像过去那样omnipresent了。）”可知，以前棒球是唯一的夏季比赛，但是现在有了足球和曲棍球的竞争，棒球不像过去那么常见了。由此推知，划线词omnipresent与common“常见的”意思接近。故选D项。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段“His teammates encouraged him. His coach worked with him. Even opposing teams wished for a hit, just one hit for a boy who seemed to deserve it more than any other kid in the world.（他的队友鼓励他。他的教练和他一起合作。就连对方的球队都希望能被击出一记好球，哪怕是一记好球，都是为了一个似乎比世界上任何一个孩子都更值得被击出好球的男孩。）”可知，蒂姆的努力得到了队友、教练甚至是对手球队的尊重。故选A项。
3. 推理判断题。根据第四段“What teammates and even the coach never saw was a gray van that pulled up each game in the parking lot adjacent to left field. Inside was Tim’s father, too weak from cancer to get out of the van.（队友甚至教练都从未见过的是一辆灰色的面包车，每一场比赛它都会在临近左外场的停车场停下。里面是蒂姆的父亲，因为癌症太虚弱了，无法从车里出来。）”以及第五段“He didn’t have the chance to advance, and when the pitcher retired the final out, Tim ran straight into left field, climbed the fence and dove into the front seat of a gray van, into the arms of a frail father whose wish for his son had finally materialized.（他没有机会晋级，当投手在决赛中退场时，蒂姆径直跑进左外场，爬上栅栏，跳进灰色面包车的前排座位，进入一位虚弱父亲的怀抱，这位父亲对儿子的愿望终于实现了。）”可知，父亲身患癌症，但是还是去看儿子的每场比赛，儿子在比赛结束后第一时间去拥抱自己的父亲，所以蒂姆和他的父亲深爱着对方。故选B项。
4. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Some boys were born athletic but Tim seemed to be growing in the opposite way: thin shoulders and no meat on his bones.（有些男孩生来就是运动型的，但蒂姆似乎在以相反的方式成长：他的肩膀很瘦，骨头上没有肉。）”、第三段“Tim practiced his swing every day.（蒂姆每天练习挥杆。）”以及第五段“On the first pitch, the bat fell from his shoulder in a downward swing and somehow made contact. The ball dribbled down the third-base line, and Tim galloped to first.（在第一次投球时，球棒从他的肩上向下挥舞，不知怎的碰到了。球沿着第三条底线运球，蒂姆飞奔到第一条底线。）”可知，蒂姆的身体条件不适合运动，但是经过他不懈的努力，最终在赛场取得了更好的成绩，所以蒂姆的经历传达了这样的信息：有志者事竟成。故选C项。
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人技术公司Fastbrick Robotics为智能化房屋建设所开发的Hadrian X机器人。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Fastbrick Robotics is responding to the increased demand for housing and a shortage in skilled construction labor with a bricklaying robot.（为了应对住房需求的增长和熟练建筑工人的短缺，Fastbrick Robotics公司推出了一款砌砖机器人。）”以及第二段中的“So up till now, any robot building on such large scales had to be indoors in minutely controlled environments.（因此，到目前为止，任何如此大规模的机器人建筑都必须在室内的微小控制环境中进行。）”可知，Hadrian是室内砌砖机器人。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Together, these aspects should lead to vastly reduced housing costs. Not only is this great for first-home buyers, it’s also a potential solution to housing demand worldwide.（这些方面加在一起，将大大降低住房成本。这不仅对首次购房者很好，也是解决全球住房需求的一个潜在方案。）”可知，costly（昂贵的）不能用来描述Hadrian。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Trouble is, nothing’s happening outdoors. That’s because most robots can’t adjust to small, quick changes in wind or temperature fast enough to keep up.（问题是，户外什么都没有发生。这是因为大多数机器人无法适应风速或温度的微小、快速变化。）”可知，第二段不是关于Hadrian的优点，可排除答案A、B、C。另外，第三段“you get a robot that can lay bricks with an error margin of just 1 millimetre.（你会得到一个机器人，它可以在误差仅为1毫米的情况下铺设砖块。）”以及第四段“It’s also 15 to 20 times faster than human builders, and the use of CAD modelling reduces waste because every brick is planned and calculated. Plus, it’s safer.（它也比人类建筑速度快15到20倍，而CAD建模的使用减少了浪费，因为每一块砖都是经过规划和计算的。而且更安全。）”都是关于Hadrian的优点。故选D。
4. 标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“Fastbrick Robotics is responding to the increased demand for housing and a shortage in skilled construction labor with a bricklaying robot.（为了应对住房需求的增长和熟练建筑工人的短缺，Fastbrick Robotics公司推出了一款砌砖机器人。）”可知，本文主要介绍了机器人技术公司Fastbrick Robotics为智能化房屋建设所开发的Hadrian X机器人，这样做解决了住房需求的增加和熟练建筑工人的短缺问题。由此可知，New Robotics Technology to Change the Construction Industry（新型机器人技术将改变建筑行业）适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了积累的重要性。
1. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“For your choices to compound, you need to be consistent. A lack of consistency keeps ordinary people from extraordinary results.（对于复合选择，你需要保持一致。缺乏持续性使普通人无法取得非凡的成就。）”可知，缺乏毅力导致大多数人失败。故选B。
2. 写作意图题。根据第四段中“For your choices to compound, you need to be consistent. A lack of consistency keeps ordinary people from extraordinary results. It’s like we’re Sisyphus rolling a boulder halfway up the hill, only to throw our hands in the air and go home. When we show up the next day, we see the boulder at the bottom of the hill. Not only did this undermine our progress but it makes getting started even harder.（对于复合选择，你需要保持一致。缺乏持续性使普通人无法取得非凡的成就。就像西西弗斯把一块巨石滚到半山腰，然后半途而废回家了。当我们第二天去的时候，我们看到了山脚下的巨石。这不仅破坏了我们的进步，而且让我们更难开始。）”可知，此处Sisyphus的例子是为了论证第四段句首“For your choices to compound, you need to be consistent. A lack of consistency keeps ordinary people from extraordinary results.（对于复合选择，你需要保持一致。缺乏持续性使普通人无法取得非凡的成就。）”这一观点，即持续积累很重要。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。根据第一段“One of the most beneficial skills you can learn in life is how to consistently put yourself in a good position. But not everyone knows how we can create that foundation. The position you find yourself in today is the accumulation of the small choices that you’ve been making for years.（在生活中，你可以学到的最有益的技能之一是如何始终把自己放在一个好的位置上。但并不是每个人都知道我们如何创建这个基础。你今天所处的位置是你多年来所做的小选择的积累。）”可知，本文是在文章开篇提出论点：积累的重要性，然后进行论证。由此可知，本文属于议论文。故选B。
4. 标题归纳题。根据第一段“One of the most beneficial skills you can learn in life is how to consistently put yourself in a good position. But not everyone knows how we can create that foundation. The position you find yourself in today is the accumulation of the small choices that you’ve been making for years.（在生活中，你可以学到的最有益的技能之一是如何始终把自己放在一个好的位置上。但并不是每个人都知道我们如何创建这个基础。你今天所处的位置是你多年来所做的小选择的积累。）”可知，文章强调了积累对人生的重要意义。由此可知，Small Steps make Giant Leaps（巨大的改变，始于跬步）适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. C 19. A 20. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章提供了几个有助于后院有机种植的建议。
1. 根据下文“our tips will ensure your success.（我们的建议将确保你的成功。）”可知，下文提到的建议将确保在后花园种植的成功。由此推知，要在后花园把有机蔬菜种植好也有一定的难度和挑战。F项“尽管有机园艺存在一些挑战”符合题意，与下文承接自然。故选F。
2. 空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“Organic matter helps break apart tightly packed clay particles, allowing water and air to move through the soil.（有机物有助于分解紧密堆积的粘土颗粒，使水和空气在土壤中流动。）”推知，下文继续陈述有机物的作用。G项“它还能改善沙质土壤，使其更好地保持水分和养分”符合语境，also表明上下文的并列关系，it指代上文的organic matter。故选G。
3. 根据上文“Another way to improve soil is to welcome earthworms.（另一种改良土壤的方法是欢迎蚯蚓。）”和下文“Their tunneling keeps soil loose, and their production of nitrogen-rich excrement adds fertility.（它们的挖掘使土壤保持疏松，它们产生的富含氮的排泄物增加了肥力。）”可知，上文提到了可以用蚯蚓改善土壤，下文则提到了它们在哪些方面对土壤进行改善。由此推知，空处内容也与蚯蚓有关。C项“它们是园丁的好朋友”符合题意，承上启下，选项中的they指代上文的earthworms。故选C。
4. 空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Regular weeding keeps weeds small and prevents large ones from setting seeds, creating hundreds of new weed problems in your organic garden layout. Make sure you know what to actually pull by checking our Weed Identification Guide.（定期除草可以使杂草保持较小，并防止较大的杂草播种，以至于在你的有机花园布局中产生数百个新的杂草问题。通过查看我们的杂草识别指南，确保您知道实际要拔什么。）”可知，本段建议种植者定期除草。A项“除草”可以作为本段的小标题。故选A。
5. 根据小标题“Organic Garden Pest Control”可知，本段陈述有机种植物如何防虫。结合下文“Some act as tiny patrolling guards. The bad guys can strip your plants and still not be satisfied until they take all your neighbor’s plants, too.（有些充当小型巡逻警卫。坏的会掠夺你的植物，直到它们也拿走了你邻居的所有植物，它们才会满意。）”推知，上文提到了一些虫子，它们中一些对园艺有帮助，一些会搞破环。D项“有的虫子是好的，其他的则没有那么好”符合题意，bugs呼应标题的pest。故选D。
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. A
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了汽车经销商店主亚瑟在自身经历丧子、丧偶的情况下，不图回报地善待自己的机械师的故事。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：据他儿子回忆，其中一个机修工“很固执”。A. records记录；B. regrets遗憾，后悔；C. recalls回忆；D. resumes重新开始，恢复。根据下文“The son asked why his father kept the man on. Arthur only said, “He’s all right.””可知，此处是亚瑟的儿子现在对机械师的回忆。故选C项。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的员工想尽一切办法让他振作起来，但悲伤依然存在。A. courage勇气；B. spirits精神，士气；C. mind思维、心智；D. confidence信心。根据上文“Arthur lost a son in a car accident（亚瑟在车祸中失去了一个儿子）”以及下文“but the grief stays around（但悲伤依然存在）”可知，员工们想让他的精神振作起来。故选B项。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这需要更多的时间在家，而在经销商处的时间更少。A. hospital医院；B. church教堂；C. market市场；D. dealership经销商店。根据上文“Arthur ran a car dealership in a town.（亚瑟在一个镇上经营一家汽车经销店。）”可知，此处指在经销店待的时间更少了。故选D项。
4. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他和以往一样困难，但亚瑟从他身上看到了更深的东西。A. but但是；B. and而且；C. or或者；D. so因此。根据句意，困难如以往与亚瑟看到更深的东西应该是转折关系。故选A项。
5. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：机械师曾经经历过什么样的痛苦，使他藏匿痛苦？A. within在……之内；B. through通过；C. over在……之上；D. under处于……之下。under pain意为“处于……痛苦中”。英语中常将under放在痛苦、疾病等不好的词前，表示“忍受着……；处于……之中”。故选D项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：机械师曾经经历过什么样的痛苦，使他藏匿痛苦？A. transmit传送，传递；B. tolerate容忍；C. harbor藏匿，心怀；D. express表达。根据上文“He was difficult as ever, _________ Arthur saw something deeper in him.”可知，此处指机械师不将痛苦表露出来，故选C项。
7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的妻子卧床不起，亚瑟关闭了经销商。A. turned (down)调低，拒绝；B. put (down)放下；C. settled (down)定居；D. shut (down)关闭。根据常识和固定搭配，此处指亚瑟关闭了经销商店。shut down意为“停工；完全关闭”。故选D项。
8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这种事你很少听说。A. usually通常；B. rarely很少；C. always总是；D. regularly定期。根据下文转折关系“But Arthur couldn’t let a man be forgotten”可知，空格处指这种事很少听说。故选B项。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是亚瑟不能让一个人被遗忘，不管他多么固执。A. crazy疯狂的；B. evil邪恶的；C. isolated孤立的；D. stubborn固执的。根据上文“One mechanic was, as his son __________, “stubborn.””可知，这个机械师很固执。故选D项。
10. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：亚瑟一直照顾他的妻子，直到她去世。A. passed (away)去世；B. moved (away)离开；C. ran (away)跑开；D. tore (away)撕开。根据常识可知，妻子病情恶化，最终去世。pass away意为“去世，离开人世”。故选A项。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：机械师来过好几次，但他还没有学会如何满怀感激。A. prepared有准备的；B. sweet甜蜜的；C. grateful感激的；D. encouraging激励人的。根据上文“The employees did the best they could, except for the mechanic.（除了机修工，员工们尽了最大努力。）”以及下文“even those who couldn’t appreciate it.（即使是那些不感激它的人。）”可知，机械师没有学会如何满怀感激。故选C项。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亚瑟觉得没什么，他做了他认为正确的事，即使是那些不感激它的人。A. respectful恭敬的；B. right正确的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. precious珍贵的。根据文意，无论机械师对他的感激持什么态度，亚瑟一如既往地善待机械师。所以，他觉得他这样做是对的。故选B项。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们经常对那些我们认为值得同情的人保留同情。A. require要求；B. desire渴望；C. deserve值得；D. resist抵抗。根据常识，我们经常对那些我们认为值得同情的人保留同情。故选C项。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但真正的同情是我们毫不犹豫地付出，即使是对我们周围那些可能不会回报的人。A. hesitation犹豫；B. question问题；C. doubt怀疑；D. judgment判断。通读全文，本句是对文章主旨的升华，即真正的同情心是当我们毫不犹豫地提供它，即使是对我们周围那些可能不会回报的人。故选A项。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但真正的同情是我们毫不犹豫地付出，即使是对我们周围那些可能不会回报的人。A. return回报；B. grant允许；C. do做；D. thank感谢。通读全文，本句是对文章主旨的升华，即真正的同情心是当我们毫不犹豫地提供它，即使是对我们周围那些可能不会回报的人。thank通常是以“人”宾语，即thank sb for (doing) sth，此处结构不符合。故选A项。
【答案】36. latest
37. tested
38. will be transferred
39. to house
40. locals
41. whom
42. because
43. improved
44. citizens’
45. on
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了上海当局将如何改善对在最近一次2019冠状病毒疫情中面临困难的无家可归者的护理。
1. 考查形容词。句意：上海当局将改善对在最近一次2019冠状病毒疫情中面临困难的无家可归者的护理。用形容词作定语，修饰名词短语COVID-19 outbreak，形容词latest（最近的）符合句意。故填latest。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：对2019冠状病毒疾病检测呈阳性的人将被转移到检疫地点。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰前面的代词those（那些人），test和被修饰的代词之间为被动关系，所以要用过去分词。故填tested。
3. 考查时态语态。句意：对2019冠状病毒疾病检测呈阳性的人将被转移到检疫地点。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词，根据句意可知，这些被检测出阳性的人将被转移到检疫地点，所以要用一般将来时态，句子主语和谓语动词之间为被动关系，所以用一般将来时态的被动语态。故填will be transferred。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：“地方政府将为他们提供临时安置点以安置他们。”她补充道。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，所以空处需要非谓语动词做目的状语，要用动词不定式。故填to house。
5. 考查名词复数。句意：上海大部分社区仍处于封锁状态，周四报告了23072例新的本地传播感染病例，其中3200例为有症状病例。local为可数名词，意为“当地人”，根据空前的23,072可知，空处要用复数形式。故填locals。
6. 考查定语从句。句意：上海大部分社区仍处于封锁状态，周四报告了23072例新的本地传播感染病例，其中3200例为有症状病例。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词23,072 new locals，空前有介词of，所以先行词在定语从句中做介词的宾语，指人，用关系代词whom。故填whom。
7. 考查连词。句意：国务院副总理孙春兰周五表示，预计上海将很快切断2019冠状病毒疾病在社区的传播，因为已有近5万名医务人员前来救援。根据句意可知，前半句话为“国务院副总理孙春兰周五表示，预计上海将很快切断2019冠状病毒疾病在社区的传播”，后半句话为“已有近5万名医务人员前来救援”可知，后面为原因，前面为结果，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
8. 考查时态。句意：该市副市长彭晨雷表示，市政府加强了管理，改善了环境消毒，提高了当地养老院的接种率，以最大限度地降低老年人的接触风险。分析句子结构可知，空处和has bolstered以及and后面的(has) increased为并列的谓语动词，时态为现在完成时态，所以空处要用过去分词，省略了has。故填improved。
9. 考查名词所有格。句意：该市副市长彭晨雷表示，市政府加强了管理，改善了环境消毒，提高了当地养老院的接种率，以最大限度地降低老年人的接触风险。根据句意可知，政府最大限度地降低老年人的接触风险，所以要用名词所有格，修饰后面的名词，而且降低了不止一个市民的风险，所以要用名词复数的所有格。故填citizens’。
10. 考查介词。句意：养老院的探视已于3月1日暂停。根据句意可知，养老院的探视已于3月1日暂停，在具体的某月某日之前用介词on。故填on。
【答案】
As the picture vividly shows, a single tree does not make a forest, and countless water droplets converge into the sea. Similarly, the society is also composed of lots of individuals. This picture tells us that in the society, we can’t live alone without other people, and we should rely on and help each other. I hope we can all learn tolerance, understanding, friendship and mutual assistance in our dealings with others, and only in this way can we build a harmonious society.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图画作文，要求考生结合图片内容，联系实际谈谈启示。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
生动地：vividly→racily
展示：show→demonstrate
依靠：rely on→depend on
许多的：a number of→lots of
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I hope we can all learn tolerance, understanding, friendship and mutual assistance in our dealings with others, and only in this way can we build a harmonious society.
拓展句：I hope we can all learn tolerance, understanding, friendship and mutual assistance in our dealings with others, which can help us build a harmonious society.
【点睛】[高分句型1] This picture tells us that in the society, we can’t live alone without other people, and we should rely on and help each other.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2] I hope we can all learn tolerance, understanding, friendship and mutual assistance in our dealings with others, and only in this way can we build a harmonious society.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句及部分倒装）
【答案】
Next, he turned to Mike and yelled, “Give me a rock!” With the rock, he hit the window over and over but had little success. Steve then shouted to Margarito to move away from the window. He balanced himself on the truck, leaned back and threw the rock at the window. Finally, the glass broke and Steve kicked in the remaining pieces of glass. Relieved, Margarito reached out for Steve’s hand and was rescued. The two men escaped and returned to safety.
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang. With trembling hands, Margarito took out the phone and pressed it to his ear. His mother’s anxious voice came over the phone, “Are you home yet? Everything’s good?” Tears welled up in his eyes at the familiar sound of concern. Margarito choked up as he explained the accident to his mom and comforted her. Hanging up the phone, he turned to Steve and Mike and sincerely thanked both of them. Cold as the rain was, great warmth filled his heart like never before.
【解析】
【导语】本文以玛格丽托开车去看望住在乡下的母亲为线索展开，讲述了去年3月，玛格丽托去看望住在乡下的母亲，返程途中遭遇到了暴风雨，他的车被卡在山路上的一条小溪中间，他受伤了并被困在里面，这时，送货员史蒂夫和他的侄子迈克目睹了这可怕的一幕，他们把玛格丽托从车里救了出来。玛格丽托对两位营救他的恩人非常感激。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“接着，他转向迈克喊道：“给我一块石头！”。”可知，第一段可描写送货员史蒂夫看到玛格丽托被困在车里，立刻想到了必须马上用石头砸破车窗户，把玛格丽托营救出来，详细叙述他营救玛格丽托的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“玛格丽托正要感谢史蒂夫和迈克，这时他夹克口袋里的手机响了。”可知，第二段可描写玛格丽托被救后接到了他母亲的电话，电话中他向母亲讲述了刚才自己经历的惊险一幕，挂断电话后，玛格丽托向史蒂夫和迈克表达的真诚的感谢之情。
2. 续写线索：史蒂夫砸车窗——玛格丽托获救——玛格丽托接到母亲电话——玛格丽托表达感谢
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①喊叫：shout/yell out
②营救，得救：rescue/save
③解释：explain/interpret/illustrate
情绪类
①焦急的：anxious/worried
②真诚地：sincerely/honestly
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Margarito choked up as he explained the accident to his mom and comforted her.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】
Cold as the rain was, great warmth filled his heart like never before.（运用了形容词+as +主语+系动词倒装句型）
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