陕西省黄陵中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份陕西省黄陵中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共23页。

黄陵中学2021-2022学年第一学期高一年级期末考试英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30 分）
第一节
听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the woman usually travel?
A. By plane. B. By car. C. By train.
2. What has the man been doing recently?
A. Traveling in Sanya.
B. Playing football.
C. Sitting in the sun.
3. How does Mike probably feel now?
A. Disappointed. B. Worried. C. Happy.
4. Who kept coughing in the cinema?
A. The young couple. B. The old woman. C. The little boy.
5. What will the man do next?
A. Go to Mr Black’s office. B. Go to see a customer. C. Start writing his report.
第二节
听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6 段材料，回答第6、7 题。
6. Where is the man now?
A. In Beijing. B. In Tokyo. C. In New York.
7. What do we know about the man?
A. He doesn’t like traveling around.
B. He didn’t like his job in Tokyo.
C. He likes teaching very much.
听下面一段对话，回答第8-10 小题。
8. What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Mother and son.
9. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Ask Alice for help. B. Ask his teacher for help. C. Ask Tom for help.
10. What will the man probably do?
A. Join several clubs with Tom and Alice.
B. Teach Tom how to solve math problems.
C. Teach Tom Spanish and learn math from him.
听下面一段对话，回答第11-13 小题。
11. When does the conference(会议) begin?
A. At 3: 30. B. At 4: 00. C. At 4: 30.
12. What happened to the speakers?
A. There was something wrong with the taxi.
B. They got stuck in a traffic jam.
C. They got lost on the street.
13. Why was the woman late last time?
A. Because she woke up late.
B. Because the traffic was bad.
C. Because she had a traffic accident.
听下面一段对话，回答14-17 小题。
14. What was the weather like last Saturday?
A. Fine at first but windy later.
B. Windy at first but fine later.
C. Fine at first but rainy later.
15. What does the woman think of the man?
A. He is very kind-hearted. B. He is very brave. C. He is not careful enough.
16. What do we know about Jenny?
A. She doesn’t like outdoor activities.
B. She loves her grandma very much.
C. She doesn’t like spending time with the man.
17. What will the man do tomorrow?
A. Go to visit Jenny’s grandma. B. Go boating with Jenny.
C. Go to watch a movie.
听下面一段独白，回答第18-20 小题。
18. What does the father do at Wild Dog Research Camp?
A. He teaches local children.
B. He cooks and keeps the camp clean.
C. He studies wild animals.
19. How many tents are there?
A. 15. B. 10. C. 5.
20. What does Jack want to do when he grows up?
A. To be a movie star. B. To train dogs for movies. C. To study animals in Africa.
第二部分 阅读理解（共15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分）
Welcome to the Electronic Village to explore new ways of language teaching and learning.
Electronic Village Program (Thursday, June 18, 2015)
Nearpod
❖9:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m.
❖Room 501
Nearpod is a software program that creates a rich context（语境）for students to learn vocabulary. The presenter will show how to use it.
TEO
❖ 2:00 p.m. to 3:00 p.m.
❖Room 502
Our students come from different backgrounds but have the same desire to learn on-line. The presenter will use examples from his first on-line class to explain how any teacher can begin teaching on-line with TEO.
Kahoot
❖10:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m.
❖ Room 601
Kahoot software can be used to create grammar tests which can be graded on a network. It can provide students with instant feedback(反馈), including reports about their strengths and weaknesses.
Prezi
❖3:30 p.m. to 4:20 p.m.
❖Room 602
Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses draw students' attention to speaking more fluently. The presenter will show how students can use Prezi to confidently present on a variety of topics, including introducing family, friends, and hobbies.
1. Nearpod can be used to _____.
A. offer grammar tests B. teach listening on-line
C. help vocabulary learning D. gain fluency in speaking
2. If you want to improve your speaking skills, you can go to _____.
A. Room 501 B. Room 502
C. Room 601 D. Room 602
3. Which of the following can assess your grammar learning?
A. Nearpod. B. Kahoot.
C. TEO. D. Prezi.
4. A teacher who wants to learn on-line teaching is expected to arrive by ______.
A. 9:00 a.m. B. 10:30 a.m.
C. 2:00 p.m. D. 3:30 p.m.
第二部分 阅读理解
There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise. Some people believe that they can’t help putting on weight as they get older, while others hold that if they stop exercising, their muscles will turn into fat. Here are some more myths:
I’ll never lose weight — I come from a fat family
Wrong! While we can't change the body type we are born with, we can't blame our genes for making us fat. There's plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families, and the main reason is that they share the same habit of eating too much and exercise too little.
I am fat because I burn calories slowly
Wrong! Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism(新陈代谢). In fact, although fat people consume more energy than slim people, they also fail to realize how much they eat! Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake mom accurately.
Exercise is boring
Wrong! Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively. The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that's fun as well as progressive. If you enjoy a Sunday walk, take a different mute. If you do yoga, try a Tai chi class. If you like swiping, set yourself a distance or time challenge.
No pain, no gain
Wrong! Exercise is not meant to hurt. Indeed, pain is you body telling you something's wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury. You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly, but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly. If they don't, rest and seek medical advice.
5. What does the author think about being fat?
A. It is the family genes that make people fat.
B. People are fat because they consume too little energy.
C. A diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat.
D. It is the consequence of people's unbalanced lifestyle.
6. According to the author, how can we make exercise mom interesting?
A. By taking varied exercise. B. By choosing simple exercise.
C. By doing regular exercise. D. By sticking to outdoor exercise.
7. What is the author's opinion about "No pain, no gain" in exercising?
A. Keeping lit is essentially a painful experience.
B. Exercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt.
C. Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal.
D. Getting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body.
8. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To declare the importance of keeping lit.
B. To clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise.
C. To confirm what has long been believed about keeping fit.
D. To explain some medical facts about being fat and doing exercise.
第二部分 阅读理解
Have you ever thought about why malls, restaurants, and even theaters have music? Well, to understand this, you simply just look back at how you felt when you heard music in these places. Music is known to improve the mood of people. Often music helps us pay attention to what we are doing. Music helps patients feel good and helps them recover faster and better.
Depression(沮丧) is a state of mind that most of us experience at some point of time. There are some periods in our life when everything seems difficult. It seems that everything is getting worse and we have no control over our life. Studies have shown that music can be an important mood lifter in such situations. Music also plays a great role in making us feel less nervous or worried. Anxiety(焦虑) can often cause loss of sleep and other illnesses.
Music is often known as an international language. We may not know the language another person is speaking, but most of us respond to music in the same way. Music can often be the best way to connect with someone.
Music is one of the best ways to improve your moods, but this can depend largely on the kind of music you listen to. While happy music can certainly make you feel better, sad music can further lower your spirits. Listening to classical music can often make you feel a lot more powerful, while soft music can be the perfect way to relax at the end of a long way. If you want to use music to change the way how you are feeling, you need to understand the role of it, learn to recognize the kind of music that lifts your mood and helps you feel better. Once you realize the kind of music you can use, you can use it to change the way you feel. The right kind of music can be the perfect way to help us feel happier.
9. The passage is mainly about __________.
A. what meanings music has
B. how we control our moods
C. how music affects our moods
D. what kind of music we listen to
10. According to the passage, playing music in restaurants is to __________.
A. welcome the customers
B. make customers feel good
C. make customers dance
D. make customers feel powerful
11. From the passage, we can know that __________.
A. most of us suffer depression all the time
B. most of us respond to music in different ways
C. music can be a good way to connect with others
D. any kind of music will help us improve our moods
12. According to the passage, which kind of music can relax ourselves from a long day’s work?
A. Soft music. B. Classical music.
C. Sad music. D. Rock music.
第二部分 阅读理解
“Indeed,” George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.” But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug. But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.
Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install an alarm”. Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others’ conversation. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”, and since the 1940s it has been annoying.
We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a bug’ in his invented record player.”
13. We learn from Paragraph 1 that ________.
A. Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug
B. George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug
C. the word bug was still popularly used in English in the nineteenth century
D. both Englishman and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century
14. What does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Explanation. B. Finding. C. Origin. D. Fault.
15. The passage is mainly concerned with ________.
A. the misunderstanding of the word bug
B. the development of the word bug
C. the public views of the word bug
D. the special characteristics of the word bug
第三部分 七选五（共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）
Forgiveness
To forgive is a virtue, but no one has ever said it is easy. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. However, forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. People who forgive show less sadness, anger and stress and more hopefulness, according to a recent research.
___16___ Try the following steps：
Calm yourself. ___17___ You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.
Don’t wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize. They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things the same way. ___18___ Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.
Take the control away from your offender (冒犯者). Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain. Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you.
___19___ If you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness, fear, and even love. You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender’s point of view.
Don’t forget to forgive yourself. ___20___ But it can rob you of your self­confidence if you don’t do it.
A. Why should you forgive?
B. How should you start to forgive?
C. Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.
D. Try to see things from your offender’s angle.
E. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.
F. To make your anger die away, try a simple stress­management technique.
G. If you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.
第四部分 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分30 分）
My First Trip in the United States
I never forget my first day in the U. S, which impressed me most. When my plane ___21___ at Kennedy Airport at three o’clock in the afternoon, my friend was waiting for me. The weather was very ___22___ and it was snowing heavily, but I was too excited to ___23___. From the airport, my friend and I took a taxi to my ___24___. On the way, I saw the skyline of Manhattan for the ___25___ time and I looked in surprise at the famous skyscrapers(摩天大楼) and their man-made ___26___. My friend, ___27___ me unpack at the hotel, left and promised to return the next day.
___28___ my friend had left, I went to a ___29___ near the hotel to get something _____30_____. Since I couldn’t speak a single word of English, I couldn’t tell the _____31_____ what I wanted. I was very worried and started to make some _____32_____, but he didn’t understand me. Finally, I ordered the _____33_____ thing as the man at the next table was _____34_____. After dinner, I started to walk along Broadway _____35_____ I came to Times Square with its theatres, neon lights, and crowds of people. I did not feel tired, so I _____36_____ to walk around the city. I wanted to see _____37_____ on my first day, although I knew it was impossible.
When I returned to the hotel, I couldn’t fall asleep, I lay _____38_____ and thought about New York. It was a very big and amazing city with many high-rise buildings and streams of cars, and full of _____39_____ and busy people. I also decided right then that I had to learn to _____40_____.
21. A. took off B. landed C. dropped D. reached
22. A. hot B. warm C. cold D. cool
23. A. look B. listen C. enjoy D. mind
24. A. home B. hotel C. office D. school
25. A. first B. one C. last D. only
26. A. satellites B. lakes C. beauty D. parks
27. A. helped B. having helped
C. had helped D. being helped
28. A. Before long B. Shortly after C. Soon D. Then
29. A. restaurant B. shop C. supermarket D. pub
30. A. to drink B. to read C. to eat D. to listen
31. A. boss B. cook C. waiter D. waitress
32. A. voices B. suggestions C. sounds D. gestures
33. A. similar B. different C. same D. right
34. A. looking B. ordering C. picking D. eating
35. A. until B. when C. before D. after
36. A. tried B. stopped
C. determined D. continued
37. A. anything B. everything
C. something D. some things
38. A. asleep B. awake C. afraid D. alive
39. A. noise B. voices C. streets D. places
40. A. drive a car B. cook meals
C. teach Chinese D. speak English
第五部分 语法填空（共10 小题，每题1.5 分，共15 分）
Cities are crowed with cars. They are ___41___ necessary part of life.
Cars are used for business. They are driven to offices and factories by workers who have no other way ___42___ (get) to their jobs. ___43___ salesmen are sent to different parts of the city, they have to drive in order to carry ___44___ (them) products. Farmers have to drive into the city in order to get supplies.
Sometimes small children must ___45___ (drive) to school. In some cities school buses are used only when children live more than a mile away ___46___ the school. When the children are too young to walk too far, their mothers take turns ___47___ (take) them to school. One mother drives on Mondays taking her own children and the ___48___ (neighbour) as well. Another mother drives on Tuesdays, another on Wednesdays, and so on. Men also form car pools, with three or four men taking turns driving to the place where they all work, which is a forming ___49___ (call ) a car pool(拼车).
More car pools should be formed in order to put ____50____ (few) cars on the road and use less gas. Too many cars are being driven. Something will have to be done about the use of cars.
第六部分 短文改错（共10 分）
Harry Potter is a fairy tale who is based on the novel written by the English writer J. K. Rowling and directed by Chris Columbus.
In the movie, Harry, whose parents are died, is badly treated at his aunt’s home. But fortunate, on the his birthday of eleven, he was invited to go to Hogwarts, a magic school. It is a world full of magic and wonders, where Harry learns magic, has many adventurous and wonderful experience and makes several good friends. He also learns how to get true friendship and how to be bravely.
The movie Harry Potter is a great success but it’s popular with people all over the world. It’s well worth seen. Through it, we learn to believe ourselves and help others.
第七部分 书面表达（25 分）
假如你是李华，春节临近，由于疫情传播的局势严峻，我们将度过一个特殊的寒假。请按以下提给你的英国好友Wilson 写一封e-mail，讲一讲你的假期生活计划。
内容包括：
1.学习安排；
2.休闲娱乐；
3.安全出行。
提示词：疫情(the epidemic situation)，新冠病爆发(the outbreak of novel corona virus pneumonia)；
注意：
1.词数100 左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头已写好，但不计入总词数。
Dear Wilson,
How time flies!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

###############################################
第一部分 听力
1-5CBCBA 6-10CBACC 11-15BBAAC 16-20BACAB
第二部分 阅读理解
1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C
【解析】本文是一则广告。欢迎来到the Electronic Village，探索新的语言教学方法。文章介绍了帮学生学习词汇的软件，尤其是帮助学生掌握根据语境进行理解的技巧。
1.细节理解题。根据对Nearpod的介绍中的“creates a rich context for students to learn vocabulary”可知，该软件主要是帮学生学习词汇，尤其是帮助学生掌握根据语境进行理解的技巧。所以选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第四个表格中对于Prezi的介绍“Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses draw students' attention to speaking more fluently.”可知，如果想要提高自己的语言表达能力可以到602室，故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据Room 601中“Kahoot software can be used to create grammar tests which can be graded on a network.”可知，Kahoot可以评估你的语法学习情况。故选B。
4.推理判断题。题中问的是老师对在线教育感兴趣，根据文章对于TEO部分的介绍可知，这个老师需要2:00pm-3:00pm之间去，从而得出答案选C。
5. D 6. A 7. B 8. B
【解析】本文为说明文。本文旨在澄清人们关于肥胖和运动的几个认识上的误区。作者告诉我们：肥胖与遗传无关；肥胖不是因为新陈代谢缓慢；运动可以是有趣的；运动不以疼痛为代价。
1.推理判断题。从第二段 “...the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercise too little.”一句可知，人们肥胖主要原因是生活方式的不平衡，表现为吃得太多而运动太少。故选择D 。
2.细节题理解。从第四段“The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that’s fun as well as progressive.一句可知，多样化的运动可使运动变得有趣。选择A。
3.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“...pain is your body telling you something is wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury.”可知作者认为运动只会带来轻微的“不适”；“疼痛”是生病的征兆，继续运动会造成严重损伤。故“疼痛”持续，应停止运动，选择B。
4.作者意图题。从第一段第一句话“There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise.”可知，作者写作本文是为了澄清人们关于肥胖和运动的认识误区。选择B。
9. C 10. B 11. C 12. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要写的是听音乐带给人的好处和音乐对人情绪的不同影响。作者借此告诉读者要学会听音乐，要听懂音乐，让音乐使自己变得更好，活的更开心。
1.主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Music is known to improve the mood of people. Often music helps us pay attention to what we are doing. Music helps patients feel good and helps them recover faster and better.”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述音乐能改善人们的情绪。音乐经常帮助我们关注我们正在做的事情。音乐帮助病人感觉良好，帮助他们更快更好地康复。因此推断全文主要写的是音乐对人情绪的影响。故选C。
2.推理判断题。由第一段最后一句“Music helps patients feel good”可知，音乐可以使患者感觉舒服。所以在餐厅放音乐是为了使顾客感到舒服。故选B。
3.推理判断题。由第二段第一句“Depression（沮丧) is a state of mind that most of us experience at some point of time.”可知，沮丧是一种我们大多数人都在某些时间点经历过的情绪，而并非是“all the time”所有的时间。故选项A排除。由第三段第二句“but most of us respond to music in the same way.”可知，我们大多数人对音乐的反应是一样的。故选项B排除。由最后一段第一句“Music is one of the best ways to improve your moods, but this can depend largely on the kind of music you listen to.”可知，音乐是使我们情绪变好的最好方法之一，但是这大多数取决于你所听得音乐类型，而不是所有的音乐都能使人情绪变好。故选项D排除。由第三段最后一句“Music can often be the best way to connect with someone. “可知，音乐经常是连接人与人的最好方法。故选C。
4.推理判断题。由最后一段第三句“soft music can be the perfect way to relax at the end of a long way.“可知，轻柔的音乐是在很长的活动结束后用来放松的最好选择。故选A。
13. D 14. D 15. B
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了bug一词的不同含义及演变过程。它可以指一个对某种活动着迷的人，也可以指一种小型机器或物体，还可以指防盗设备以及窃听设备。如今，它可以指代电脑程序或其他设计中出现的缺陷，而在爱迪生时代，它指代发明中遇到的一些困难、问题。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段“‘Indeed,’ George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, ‘some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.’ But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug.(“事实上，”乔治·华盛顿在1785年的日记中写道，“在我离开家之前，就有某种苍蝇或虫子开始吃树叶了。”但美国之父并不是bug之父。当华盛顿写这篇文章的时候，一个多世纪以来，英国人一直把昆虫称为“虫子”，而美国人已经创造出了“萤火虫”)”可知，18世纪时，两个国家都在使用这个词，故选D。
2.词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product.(这个意思可以追溯到托马斯·爱迪生时代。1878年，他将bug解释为“小问题和困难”，需要几个月研究和劳动才能克服，才能开发出成功的产品)”可知，bug作为“a flaw in a computer program or other design”的用法在爱迪生时代就已经存在，当时bug解释为“小问题和困难”，因此现在指代电脑程序或者其他设计中需要克服的缺陷、瑕疵，故画线词意思是“问题，缺陷”，与fault意思相近。故选D。
3.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了bug一词可以指一个对某种活动着迷的人，也可以指一种小型机器或物体，还可以指防盗设备以及窃听设备。如今，它可以指代电脑程序或其他设计中出现的缺陷，而在爱迪生时代，它指代发明中遇到的一些困难、问题，文章主要围绕bug一词的发展过程以及不同含义来展开。故这篇文章主要是关于单词bug的发展。故选B。
第三部分 七选五
16. B 17. F 18. G 19. D 20. E
【解析】文章是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了人们宽恕他人的方法和途径。
1.根据第一段的内容和“Try the following steps”可知，接下来是提的建议，故空白处是问“应该怎样原谅他人呢？”之类的话。起承上启下的作用，故选B。
2.根据Calm yourself(要冷静)和take a couple of breaths(深呼吸)可知，这里讲的是，要学会舒缓愤怒，让自己平静下来。F选项 “To make your anger die away, try a simple stress-management technique.”让愤怒逐渐消散，尝试一个简单的压力管理技巧，符合，故选F。
3.根据第一句“Don't wait for an apology.”可知，不能等待他人的原谅，G选项“If you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.”如果等他人来道歉，你可能会等相当长的时间，G项与wait for有关，故选G。
4.根据“If you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness, fear, and even love.”可知，如果你理解惹怒你的人，你可能会意识到他是无意伤害你的，应该站在对方的角度考虑一下。D选项“Try to see things from your offender's angle.”试着站在对方的角度思考问题，符合。故选D。
5.根据“Don't forget to forgive yourself.”和“...rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it”可知，最后一段说的是，要学会自我原谅，E项“对一些人来说，原谅他们自己是最大的挑战”符合语境。故选E。
第四部分 完形填空
21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己第一次到美国的经历。
1.考查动词词义和动词短语辨析。句意：当我的飞机下午三点降落在肯尼迪机场时，我的朋友正在等我。A. took off起飞；B. landed着陆；C. dropped下降；D. reached抵达。 根据后面的“my friend was waiting for me”以及句意可知，这里指“飞机降落”，用landed。故选B项。
2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天气很冷，雪下得很大，但我太兴奋了，顾不得想这么多。A. hot炎热的；B. warm暖和的；C. cold寒冷的；D. cool凉爽的。根据后面的“snowing heavily”可知，雪下得很大，说明天气风冷。故选C项。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：天气很冷，雪下得很大，但我太兴奋了，顾不得想这么多。A. look看；B. listen听；C. enjoy享受；D. mind在意。根据前面的“it was snowing heavily, but I was too excited”可知，虽然学下得很大，天气很冷，但因为自己太兴奋，所以也就不“在意”了，此处mind符合语境。故选D项。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和我的朋友从机场坐出租车到我的酒店。A. home家；B. hotel宾馆、酒店；C. office办公室；D. school学校。根据下文“My friend, ___7___ me unpack at the hotel, left and promised to return the next day.”可知，朋友把作者送去了酒店就离开了并承诺第二天来找作者。故此处指从机场到酒店。故选B项。
5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在路上，我第一次看到了曼哈顿的天际线，我惊讶地看着著名的摩天大楼和它们的人造美。A. first第一的；B. one同一的；C. last最后的；D. only唯一
的。根据文章第一句话“I never forget my first day in the U. S”可知，这是作者到美国的第一天，其实也是第一次到美国，此处用first符合语境。故选A项。
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在路上，我第一次看到了曼哈顿的天际线，我惊讶地看着著名的摩天大楼和它们的人造美。A. satellites卫星；B. lakes湖泊；C. beauty美；D. parks公园。根据句意可知，此处指曼哈顿摩天大楼的“人造美”，beauty符合语境。故选C项。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：我的朋友在酒店帮我打开行李后离开了，并答应第二天再来。A. helped过去分词，表被动和完成；B. having helped现在分词的变式，表主动和完成，动作发生在位于动词动作前；C. had helped过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”；D. being helped现在分词的变式，表被动和进行。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词left and promised，设处只能作非谓语；其逻辑主语为My friend，二者之间为主动关系，且“帮助打开包裹”的动作先于“离开和承诺”，故此处应用having done。故选B项。
8.考查副词和副词短语辨析。句意：朋友走后不久，我就到旅馆附近的一家餐馆去吃东西。A. Before long不久前；B. Shortly after不久后；C. Soon很快；D. Then然后。根据上文“at Kennedy Airport at three o’clock in the afternoon”推知，朋友接到作者到酒店安顿好后时间已经比较晚，所以朋友走后不久，作者就去餐厅吃东西。故选B项。
9.考查名词词义辨析。句意：朋友走后不久，我就到旅馆附近的一家餐馆去吃东西。A. restaurant餐厅；B. shop商店；C. supermarket超市；D. pub酒吧。根据下文“After dinner, I started to walk along Broadway ___15___ I came to Times Square with its theatres, neon lights, and crowds of people.”可知，作者失去餐厅吃饭了。故选A项。
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：朋友走后不久，我就到旅馆附近的一家餐馆去吃东西。A. to drink去喝东西；B. to read去阅读；C. to eat去吃东西；D. to listen去听。根据后面的“After dinner, I started to walk along Broadway ___15___ I came to Times Square with its theatres, neon lights, and crowds of people.”可知，作者是去餐厅吃东西。故选C项。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我不会说一个英语单词，我不能告诉服务员我想要什么。A. boss老板；B. cook厨师；C. waiter服务员；D. waitress女服务员。去餐厅一般是服务员点餐，且根据下文“I was very worried and started to make some ___12___ , but he didn’t understand me.” 可知，此处指男的他是男服务员。故选C项。
12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：为此我很发愁，并开始比手势。A. voices嗓音；B. suggestions建议；C. sounds声音；D. gestures手势。根据前面的“I couldn’t speak a single word of English”可知，不会说英文，要想沟通就只能通过比手势了，gestures符合语境。故选D项。
13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我点了邻桌人正在吃的东西。A. similar相似的；B. different不同的；C. same相同的；D. right正确的。根据前面的“but he didn’t understand me”以及后面的“as the man at the next table”可知，服务员看不懂作者的手势，所以作者只能点和
隔壁桌一样的菜了，此处用same符合语境。故选C项。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我点了邻桌人正在吃的东西。A. looking看；B. ordering下单；C. picking挑选；D. eating吃。根据前面的“as the man at the next table”可知，此处指隔壁男士正在吃的菜。故选D项。
15.考查状语从句。句意：晚饭后，我开始沿着百老汇大街走，一直走到时代广场，那里有剧院、霓虹灯和人群。A. until直到；B. when当……时；C. before在……之前；D. after在……之后。根据前面的“I started to walk along Broadway”可知，作者开始从百老汇街开始走，一直走到时代广场，用until符合语境。故选A项。
16.考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚饭后，我不觉得累，所以我决定绕着这个城市走走。A. tried尝试；B. stopped停止；C. determined决定；D. continued继续。根据前面的“I did not feel tired”可知，作者不觉得累，所以决定继续走。故选C项。
17.考查复合不定代词。句意：我想在第一天就看完这里的一切，尽管我知道这是不可能的。A. anything任何事物；B. everything所有事物、一切；C. something某事、某物；D. some things一些事物、许多事物。根据句意可知，此处指“想在第一天把所有东西都看个遍”，应用everything。故选B项。
18.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回到酒店时，我无法入睡，于是醒着躺在床上，想着纽约的一切。A. asleep睡着的；B. awake醒着的；C. afraid害怕的、恐惧的；D. alive活着的。根据前面的“I couldn’t fall asleep”可知，作者睡不着，所以是醒着躺在床上。故选B项。
19.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个非常大和令人惊叹的城市，有许多高楼大厦和川流不息的汽车，充满了各种声音和忙碌的人。A. noise噪音、响声；B. voices嗓音；C. streets街道；D. places地方。根据前面的“ It was a very big and amazing city with many high-rise buildings and streams of cars”可知，这是一个繁忙的大都市，此处指充满了各种各样的声音，noise指各种嘈杂声，符合语境；voice一般指人的嗓音。故选A项。
20.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我也决定必须要学会说英语。A. drive a car开车；B. cook meals煮饭；C. teach Chinese教中文；D. speak English说英文。根据上文“ I couldn’t speak a single word of English”可知，作者不懂英文，所以点餐时出现了问题，由此可知，此处作者是下定决心要学英文。故选D项。
第五部分 语法填空
41. a
42. to get
43. when
44. their
45. be driven
46. from
47. taking
48. neighbours
49. called
50. fewer
【解析】这是一篇说明文。汽车是人们生活必不可少的一部分，我们工作需要用到、接送孩子上学也需要用到；但可以通过一些方式来减少车辆的使用，如家长轮流接送孩子或者拼车出行。
1.考查冠词。句意：城市里挤满了汽车。它们是生活中必不可少的一部分。此处限定necessary part，表示“生活中必不可少的一部分”，强调“一”的概念，表泛指，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：他们是由那些没有其他途径去上班的工人开车去办公室和工厂的。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语have，设空处只能作非谓语；结合句意可知，此处表目的，应用to do不定式。故填to get。
3.考查时间状语从句。句意：当销售人员被派往城市的不同地区时，他们必须开车来运送他们的产品。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中引导从句，结合句意可知，此处表示“当销售人员被派往城市的不同地区时”，是一个时间状语从句，此处应用when引导。故填when。
4.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：当销售人员被派往城市的不同地区时，他们必须开车来运送他们的产品。设空处在句中限定后面的名词products，故此处应填形容词性物主代词。故填their。
5.考查被动语态。句意：有时必须开车送小孩子上学。设空处位于情态动词must后，此处drive与主语children之间为被动关系，表示“孩子们必须用车接送”，此处应用be done结构。故填be driven。
6.考查介词。句意：在一些城市，只有当孩子们住在离学校一英里以上的地方时才使用校车。根据前面的a mile away可知，此处指“离学校一英里”，应用介词from。故填from。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们太小不能走太远的时候，他们的母亲轮流送他们上学。take turns doing sth.为固定结构，表示“轮流做某事”，后面接动名词doing。故填taking。
8.考查名词。句意：一位母亲周一开车带着自己的孩子和邻居。根据前面的and前面的children可知，此处应与其保持一致，用复数形式。故填neighbours。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：男性也会拼车，三到四个人轮流开车去他们工作的地方，这种形式被称为拼车。设空处在句中作后置定语，修饰前面的forming，二者之间为被动关系，表示“这种形式被称为”，应用过去分词形式。故填called。
10.考查形容词比较级。句意：应该形成更多的汽车拼车，以减少道路上的汽车和使用更少的汽油。根据句意及前面的“More car pools”可知，此处是在进行比较，设空处也应用比较级，表示“更少的车”。故填fewer。
第六部分 短文改错
1. who→that/which
2. died→dead
3. fortunate→fortunately 
4.删除the
5. was→is
6. experience→experiences
7. bravely→brave
8. but→and
9. seen→seeing
10. 在believes后加in
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍电影《哈利·波特》。
1.考查定语从句。句意：《哈利·波特》是根据英国作家J·K·罗琳的小说改编并由克里斯·哥伦布执导的一个童话故事。分析句子结构可知，...is based on the novel written by the English writer J. K. Rowling and directed by Chris Columbus是限制性定语从句，先行词a fairy tale在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词that/which。故将who改为that/which。
2.考查形容词。句意：在电影中，父母双亡的哈里在他姨妈家受到了不公正的对待。分析句子结构可知，限制性定语从句是主系表结构，表语用形容词来描述主语whose parents的状态和性质，形容词dead表示“死的，去世的”意思。故将died改为dead。
3.考查副词。句意：但幸运的是，在他十一岁生日那天，他被邀请去霍格沃茨魔法学校。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词放于句首做状语，修饰整个句子，表示“幸运的是”的意思。故将fortunate改为fortunately。
4.考查冠词。句意：见第3题。分析句子结构可知，这里需要限定词修饰后面的名词birthday，冠词和形容词性物主代词不能同时使用，这里需要“他的”意思。故将the删除。
5.考查时态。句意：见第3题。分析句子结构和上下文可知，这篇文章是描述小说情节，所以谓语动词用一般现在时。故将was改为is。
6.考查名词的数。句意：这是一个充满魔法和奇迹的世界，在这里哈利学习魔法，有许多冒险和奇妙的经历，并交了几个好朋友。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要表示“经历”意思的名词，作宾语，前面有many修饰，所以名词用复数形式。故将experience改为experiences。
7.考查形容词。句意：他还学会了如何获得真正的朋友，如何才能勇敢。分析句子结构可知，这里是系表结构，表语需要用形容词，形容词brave表示“勇敢的”意思。故将bravely改为brave。
8.考查连词。句意：电影《哈利波特》获得了巨大的成功，并且深受全世界人民的喜爱。分析句子结构和上下文意思可知，前后2个小分句是并列的关系，要用连词and。故将but改为and。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：它很值得看。分析句子结构和意思可知，be well worth+doing，这里动名词的主动形式是表示被动的意思，“……值得被……”。故将seen改为seeing。
10.考查动词短语。句意：通过这部电影，我们学会了要相信自己并且帮助他人。believe sb.是强调相信某人的话，believe in sb.是强调相信某人。故在believes后加in。
第七部分 书面表达
Dear Wilson,
How time flies!
I am Li Hua. The Chinese New Year is coming. However, we have to experience such a special New Year and winter vacation for the outbreak of novel corona virus pneumonia. Now I’d like to introduce my vacation plan to you. We are required to stay at home and have online classes during the epidemic situation, which means my most time will be occupied by a variety of online classes and homework. In my limited spare time, I intend to read some books so as to relax myself. What matters most is that we have to wear masks every time we go out.
What’s your vacation plan? Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给在英国的好友Wilson写一封信，介绍自己疫情之下的假期生活计划。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
度过、经历：experience → undergo/go through
假期计划：vacation plan → vacation schedule
占据：be occupied → take over
打算：intend to → manage to/plan to
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：What matters most is that we have to wear masks every time we go out.
拓展句：It is important that we should wear masks every time we go out.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】We are required to stay at home and have online classes during the epidemic situation, which means my most time will be occupied by a variety of online classes and homework.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】What matters most is that we have to wear masks every time we go out.(运用了what引导的主语从句和every time引导的时间状语从句)