陕西省宝鸡市渭滨中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题含解析

这是一份陕西省宝鸡市渭滨中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
渭滨中学 2021-2022 学年第一学期期中考试高一年级
英语试题
考试时长 120 分钟 分值 150 分
第一部分听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When is the English exam according to the man?
A. October 7. B. October 17. C. October 27.
2. Where will the man hold his birthday party?
A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. In his school.
3. Where does the man want to go?
A. To a bank. B. To South Street. C. To a bookshop.
4. What did the man do on Saturday?
A. Do housework. B. Visit friends. C. Prepare lunch.
5. How much does one ticket cost?
A. $3. B. $9. C. $27.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段对话，回答第6至7题
6. What is the woman going to do next year?
A. Go to university. B. Go to work C. Go to travel.
7. What does the man want to drink?
A. Tea. B. Coffee. C. Water.
听第7段对话，回答第8至10题
8. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a hotel. B. In a railway station. C. At home.
9. Which transportation service does the woman choose?
A. A private car. B. A taxi. C. A little bus.
10. What time will the woman leave?
A. At 7:10. B. At 7:30. C. At 8:30.
听第8段对话，回答第11至13题
11. What does John Smith do?
A. A student. B. A professor. C. A doctor.
12. What happened to the woman yesterday?
A. She didn’t go to school.
B. She came across John Smith.
C. She had a car accident.
13. What do we know about the woman?
A. She won’t go to school for one week.
B. She will have a rest at home next week.
C. She wants to have her car repaired.
听第9段对话，回答第14至17题
14. When will the woman leave her home?
A. At 2:00 pm. B. At 4:00 pm. C. At 6:00 pm.
15. How many bags will the woman take?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
16. Where will the woman fly to?
A. Australia. B. Singapore. C. Britain.
17. Where will the man say goodbye to the woman?
A. In the waiting hall. B. At her home. C. At the entrance.
听第10段对话，回答第18至20题
18. Where had Peter and his wife planned to spend this weekend?
A. In a hotel. B. In his company. C. At home.
19. Which floor is Peter’s office on?
A. 8th. B. 10th. C. 12th.
20. What did Peter do first when he got out of the lift?
A. He ate something. B. He gave his wife a call. C. He had a good sleep.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I have dreamt of taking a trip to Hawaii since I graduated, but the best thing always needs waiting. I took a trip with my friends to Haleakala National Park, which lies in Hawaii.
When we arrived at Haleakala National Park, we were advised to watch the early morning sunrise. I was lost in the sightseeing that afternoon, so I could hardly wait to see the sunrise. In the next morning, we all got out of bed very early and got to the seaside at 3 o’clock. In the first half an hour, we imagined how wonderful it would be when the first light came out through the thick clouds and how soft it would be when the light touched our skin, so we waited and waited. However, another half an hour later, I gradually lost my patience since there was nothing but the chilly darkness, and I felt that I was frozen to death. But my friends were still extremely cheerful.
Nearly another one hour later, “Amazing!” Judy burst out and we all shouted to welcome the light, which was really unbelievable. Until today, I dare say that it is the most impressive sunrise in my life. However, waiting in the morning darkness is also one memory I cannot wipe from my mind forever.
Waiting sometimes is really a hard thing for most of us as it needs patience and strong-willed determination, but what about the result after that? It might turn out to be pleasing, unbelievable and satisfying. So, it is really worthwhile to wait for the best.
1. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The author’s friends and the author took a trip to China.
B. Hawaii is a good place to enjoy the sunrise.
C. The author enjoyed the worst sunrise in his life.
D. Sometimes, it is worthwhile to wait for the best.
2. When did they see the first light of the sunrise?
A. At about 3 o’clock. B. At about 4 o’clock.
C. At nearly 5 o’clock. D. At nearly 6 o’clock
3. What’s the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 2?
A. Total. B. Cold C. Terrible D. Interesting
4. What’s the author’s attitude towards waiting for the sunrise?
A. Excited all the time.
B. Afraid all the time.
C. Firstly excited then afraid.
D. Firstly excited then impatient.


Michael is a guy who is always optimistic about life whatever happens.
One day I went up to Michael and asked him, “I don’t understand it. You can’t be positive all the time. How do you do it?”
Michael replied, “Each morning I wake up and say to myself, ‘Mike, you have two choices today. You can choose to be in a good mood or choose to be in a bad mood.’ I choose to be in a good mood. Each time something bad happens, I can choose to be a victim or choose to learn from it. I choose to learn from it. Life is all about choices. You choose how you react to situations. You choose how people will affect your mood. The bottom line is: It’s your choice how you live life.”
Soon, I left the big company that I had worked in for years to start my own business. We lost touch, but I often thought about him when I made a choice about life.
Several years later, I heard Michael had a serious accident, falling off 60 feet from a tower. After l8 hours of operation and weeks of intensive care, Michael was released from the hospital. I saw Michael about six months after the accident. When I asked him what had gone through his mind as the accident took place.
“The first thing that went through my mind was the well-being of my soon-to-born daughter,” Michael replied. “Then, lying on the ground, I remembered I had two choices: I could choose to live or I could choose to die. I chose to live.”
“Weren’t you afraid?” I asked.
Michael smiled, “The doctors and nurses kept telling me I was going to be fine. But when they wheeled me into the operation room and I saw the expressions on their faces, I got really scared. In their eyes, I read ‘He’s a dead man.’ I knew I needed to take action.”
“What did you do?” I asked.
“Well, there was a nurse shouting questions at me,” said Michael. “She asked me if I was allergic to anything.” ‘Yes,’ I said. The doctors and nurses stopped working as they waited for my reply. I took a deep breath and yelled, ‘Gravity!’ Over their laughter, I told them, ‘I’m choosing to live. Operate on me as if I am alive, not dead’.”
Michael lived, thanks to the skill of his doctors, but also because of his amazing attitude.
5. When something bad happened, Michael would make a choice to .
A. be in a good mood B. ignore it
C. be sad about it D. learn from it
6. Why did Michael say that he was allergic to gravity?
A. Ever since falling down he had become afraid of gravity.
B. He would like to play a joke on the doctors and nurses to make them burst out laughing.
C. He was determined to live and wanted to encourage doctors and nurses.
D. He was sure that he would get through the operation.
7. Which of the following proverbs can be learned from Michael’s story?
A. A journey of a thousand miles begins with the first step.
B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C. It’s so hard when I have to, and so easy when I want to.
D. Rome was not built in one day.


Being an astronaut sounds cool, doesn’t it? In space, they get to do some pretty amazing things, like floating in zero gravity.
However, there are also plenty of things that astronauts can’t do because of their weightless environment, and that’s very sad. What’s worse, they can’t even let their sadness show — because it’s impossible to cry in zero gravity.
Of course, astronauts can still produce tears. But crying is much more difficult in space, reported The Atlantic in January. Without gravity, tears don’t flow downward out of the eyes like they do here on Earth. This means that when you cry in space, your tears have nowhere to go — they just stick to your eyes.
In May 2011, astronaut Andrew Feustel experienced this during one of his spacewalks. “Tears,” he said, “don’t fall off your eye... They just kind of stay there.”
Besides making your vision unclear, this can also cause physical pain. Back on Earth, tears are supposed to bring comfort to the eyes. But that’s not the case in space. The space environment dries out astronaut’ eyes, and when tears suddenly wet the eyes, it can cause pain rather than comfort. “My right eye is painful like crazy.” Feustel told his teammate during the walk.
Since gravity doesn’t work in space, astronauts need some extra help to get rid of the tears. Feustel chose to rub his eyes against his helmet to wipe the tears away. Another choice is to just wait — “When the tears get big enough they simply break free of the eye and float around,” astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic.
There are lots of small things — things like crying — that we are so used to on Earth. We usually take them for granted, until they become a problem in a totally different environment, like space. There, astronauts can’t talk to each other directly. They also can’t eat or drink in normal ways. They can’t even burp (打嗝), because there is no gravity to hold the food down in their stomach. If they do burp, they just end up throwing up (呕吐) everything in their stomach, according to the UK National Space Center.
Thus, perhaps it’s only space explorers who can honestly say: “Gravity, you’re the best.”
8. What can we conclude from Paragraphs 2 and 3?
A. Astronauts are unable to feel sad in space.
B. Astronauts produce fewer tears in space.
C. Tears produced in space flow down more slowly.
D. Tears produced in space don't flow downward.
9. What effect do tears have on astronauts?
A. They cause physical pain.
B. They bring comfort to them.
C. They make their vision clearer.
D. They float around and cause trouble.
10. What can the astronaut do to get rid of the tears?
A. Rub his eyes against his helmet to let the tears float forward.
B. Rub his eyes by hand to let the tears float around.
C. Get the tears big enough to fall off of his eyes.
D. Get the tears big enough to break away from his eyes.
11.What’s the last but one paragraph mainly about?
A. Suggestions on how astronauts can stay comfortable in space.
B. Other basic things that are difficult to do in space.
C. Why burping is impossible in space.
D. Things that humans can’t do without gravity.


Civita, the dying town
Some 120 kilometers north of Rome, street signs along the road tell drivers they’re bound for “the dying town” Civita di Bagnoregio. The village stands on a declining plateau (高原). It has gone through landslides (泥石流), earthquakes, and erosion (腐蚀) since humans’ first settlement about 2,500 years ago. Nowadays Civita has been reduced to only 90 by 150 meters.
In the Middle Ages, the size of the plateau was three times its size nowadays, and the population was over 3,000, yet the river surrounding Civita gradually made the town collapse from the bottom up. Since 1695, when a destructive earthquake took place in Civita, many people were forced to escape from their hometown, and the population there has never recovered. By the 1920s, there were merely 600 residents in the town. Currently, there are only about 10 residents. What a small population it has!
The survival of Civita is uncertain. However, as the news that the town was about to disappear started to widely spread, more and more people wanted to visit it. Now up to 10,000 people visit Civita per day. And there is doubt as to whether it is dying. The flood of people and money leads to natives longing for the rescue of the town.
Yet the actual situation in Civita is that there are no grocery stores, hardware, or convenience stores. People living there can only have access to a handful of restaurants and tourist shops. Besides, they have to get supplies through a narrow, 300-meter-long bridge that connects them to the outside world.
Today, Civita is pursuing a UNESCO World Heritage designation, in order to earn official recognition of its landscape and adaptability to nature. Recently, the town presented a 242-page document to the UNESCO, hoping that it will help strengthen Civita’s role as a site of historical and cultural significance. Also, Civitas UNESCO team plans to create tourist attractions in the surrounding towns. If Civita recovers successfully, other towns in the same situation could find a direction based on its experience.
12. What has made Civita become smaller?
A. The inconvenient transport.
B. The natural conditions.
C. The settlement of humans.
D. The decrease of the population.
13. Why do so many visitors flood in Civita every day?
A. Because they want to rescue it.
B. Because they are attracted by its scenery.
C. Because they are interested in its natives.
D. Because they want to catch the last chance to see it.
14. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A. The stores in the town.
B. The daily activities of local people.
C. The appearance of the town.
D. The living conditions in the town.
15. Which word can best describe the possible future of Civita?
A. Unchangeable.
B. Hopeful.
C. Disappointing.
D. Doubtful.


第三部分 七选五（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项是多余选项。
Kids’ health: Four steps for fighting stress
Everybody gets stressed from time to time. ___16___ Some ways of dealing with stress — like screaming or hitting someone — don’t solve (解决) much. But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.
Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed:
(1)Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. ___17___ They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
(2)Don’t take it out on yourself. Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear, that’s not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don’t take it out on yourself. ___18___
(3)Try to solve the problem. After you’re calm and you have support from adults and friends, it’s time to get down to business. ___19___ Even if you can’t solve all of it, you can solve a piece of it.
(4)Be positive. Most stress is temporary (暂时的). Remember stress does go away, especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.
These steps aren’t magic, but they do work. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you’ll help yourself feel better even faster. ___20___
A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
B. Notice your friends’ feelings and find a way to help them.
C. Different people feel stress in different ways.
D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don’t forget about your friends.
G. Then, find a way to calm down.

第四部分 完形填空（共三节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts, but people in the streets ___21___ him, especially those who are ___22___.
For those people, he is “Gloves” Greenberg. How did he get that ___23___? He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase (公文箱). But he’s ___24___. His briefcase always has some gloves (手套).
In winter, Mr. Greenberg does not ___25___ like other New Yorkers, who look at the sidewalk (人行道) and ___26___ the street. He looks around at ____27____. He stops when he ___28___ someone with no gloves. He gives them a pair and then he _ _29___, looking for more people with cold ___30___.
On winter days, Mr. Greenberg ____31____ gloves. During the rest of the year, he ___32____ gloves. People who have heard about him ___33___ him gloves, and he has many in his apartment (公寓).
Mr. Greenberg ____34_____ doing this 21 years ago. Now, many poor New Yorkers know him and ____35____ his behavior (行为). But people who don’t know him are sometimes ___36___ him. They don’t realize that he just wants to make them ___37___.
It runs in the ___38___. Michael’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier. Michael Greenberg feels the ____39____. A pair of gloves may be a ___40___ thing, but it can make a big difference in winter.
21. A. know about B. learn from C. cheer for D. look after
22. A. old B. busy C. kind D. poor
23. A. job B. name C. chance D. message
24. A. calm B. different C. crazy D. curious
25. A. act B. sound C. feel D. dress
26. A. cross out B. drive along C. hurry down D. keep off
27. A. cars B. people C. street numbers D. traffic lights
28. A. helps B. chooses C. greets D. sees
29. A. holds up B. hangs out C. moves on D. turns around
30. A. hands B. ears C. faces D. eyes
31. A. searches for B. stores up C. gives away D. puts on
32. A. borrows B. sells C. returns D. buys
33. A. call B. send C. lend D. show
34. A. delayed B. remembered C. began D. enjoyed
35. A. understand B. dislike C. study D. excuse
36. A. sorry for B. satisfied with C. proud of D. surprised by
37. A. smart B. rich C. special D. happy
38. A. city B. family C. neighborhood D. company
39. A. honor B. pain C. same D. cold
40. A. small B. useful C. delightful D. comforting



第五部分 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’m very pleased that you’re coming to Baoji as an exchange student to learn Chinese. Since it is the first time that you ____41____ (come) to Baoji, I think it’s a good idea ____42____ (stay) in a local home with a middle school student ____43____ can speak English fluently.
I’m a high school student, and I hope that you can stay with me. I have ____44____ good command of English and can communicate ____45____ foreigners freely. Besides, I’m fond of reading and travelling in my spare time, and if you’re with me, I can take you around Baoji and it will ____46____ (rich) your knowledge of our excellent local cultures.
____47____ (actual), both my parents and I are friendly and active in personality. So I believe we can get along____48____ (good) with each other. When you have trouble ____49____ (study) Chinese, I’m sure I’ll do all that I can to help you. Every minute can _____50_____ (make) full use of to practice your Chinese.
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.


第六部分 短文改错（每处 1 分，满分 10 分）
Yuan Longping, “Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻之父)”once dreamed of grow a new type of rice that would be as big as peanuts. He came up to an idea for hybrid rice in the 1960s. He had been buried himself in the research and to the develop of new varieties until he was seriously ill. In 1973, together with other people, he final succeeded in developing the hybrid rice, that made China a worldwide leader in rice production (生产). In 1980, the technology for hybrid rice introduced to America, Now his “super-rice” has been introduced to many other countries. In her spare time, Yuan Longping enjoyed playing a violin and listening to music. Every night, he read for half an hour after going to sleep. Dr. Yuan cared about nothing but his research.


第七部分 书面表达
假设你是李华，想邀请你的笔友Peter一起参加学校在期中考试后为校羽毛球社团（badminton club）学生组织的一次骑行活动。请根据以下提示和要求给他写一封邮件，邀请他参加。要点如下：
1. 活动目的：放松心情，亲近自然。
2. 活动路线：从学校出发，沿滨河路（Riverside Road）骑行，目的地是石鼓园。
3. 活动形式：参观青铜器博物馆（the Bronze Museum）、爬山、赏菊花（chrysanthemum）等。
4. 活动注意事项：穿舒服的鞋子，自带水等。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 请不要逐字逐句地翻译，可适当发挥；
3. 邮件开头和结尾已经写好，不计人总词数。
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua

##########################################、
【答案】
1-5 BCAAB 6-10 BCABB 11-15 BCAAC 16-20 ACACB

阅读理解
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文记叙了作者去哈雷阿卡拉国家公园看日出的过程，并由此事情而引发对生活的感慨。
1. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Waiting sometimes is really a hard thing for most of us as it needs patience and strong-willed determination, but what about the result after that? It might turn out to be pleasing, unbelievable and satisfying. So, it is really worthwhile to wait for the best.（等待有时候对我们大多数人来说真的是一件很困难的事情，它需要耐心和坚强的决心，但之后的结果呢？这可能是令人愉快的，难以置信的，令人满意的。所以，等待最好的是值得的。）”可知，我们能从这篇文章中学到“耐心等待最好的结果是值得的”的道理。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the next morning, we all got out of bed very early and got to the seaside at 3 o’clock. In the first half an hour, we imagined...（第二天早上，我们很早就起床了，3点钟就到了海边。在最初的半个小时里，我们想象着……）”以及“However, another half an hour later, I gradually lost my patience...（然而，又过了半个小时，我渐渐失去了耐心……）”可知，我们3点起床，期间等了一个小时，再根据第三段第一句“Nearly another one hour later, “Amazing!” Judy burst out...（又过了一个小时，“太神奇了!”朱迪突然说……）”可见，又过去了一个小时，所以应该是大约在5点钟的时候看到了第一缕阳光。故选C。
3. 词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的“and I felt that I was frozen to death（我感觉自己被冻死了）”可知，天气寒冷，由此推知划线词的意思是“寒冷的”。故选B。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In the first half an hour, we imagined how wonderful it would be when the first light came out through the thick clouds and how soft it would be when the light touched our skin, so we waited and waited.（在最初的半个小时里，我们想象着当第一缕阳光穿过厚厚的云层出来时是多么美妙，当阳光照射到我们的皮肤时又是多么柔软，于是我们等啊等啊。）”可知，作者一开始是很兴奋期待的；根据下文“However, another half an hour later, I gradually lost my patience（然而，又过了半个小时，我渐渐失去了耐心）”可推断出，作者开始很兴奋，但是后来失去耐心了。故选D。


【答案】5. D 6. C 7. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了迈克尔是一个无论发生什么事都对生活总是乐观的人，作者询问他是如何做到总是这么乐观的，他说如何生活是自己的选择。并且在迈克尔发生严重事故后，还能在手术室和医生护士开玩笑，从而活了下来，要归功于医生的医术，但也要归功于他那令人惊叹的态度。
5. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Each time something bad happens, I can choose to be a victim or choose to learn from it.（每当不好的事情发生时，我可以选择成为一个受害者，也可以选择从中吸取教训。）”可知，当不好的事情发生时，迈克尔会选择从中吸取教训。故选D。
6. 推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中“The doctors and nurses kept telling me I was going to be fine. But when they wheeled me into the operation room and I saw the expressions on their faces, I got really scared. In their eyes, I read ‘He’s a dead man.’ I knew I needed to take action.（医生和护士不停地告诉我我会好的。但当他们把我推进手术室时，我看到他们脸上的表情，我真的吓坏了。在他们的眼里，我读出了‘他死定了。’我知道我需要采取行动。）”以及倒数第二段“‘Well, there was a nurse shouting questions at me,’ said Michael. ‘She asked me if I was allergic to anything.’ ‘Yes,’ I said. The doctors and nurses stopped working as they waited for my reply. I took a deep breath and yelled, ‘Gravity!’ Over their laughter, I told them, ‘I’m choosing to live. Operate on me as if I am alive, not dead’.’（“有个护士冲我大声问问题，”迈克尔说。“她问我是否对什么过敏”。“是的，”我说。医生和护士停止工作，等待我的回答。我深吸一口气，喊道：“重力”，在他们的笑声中，我告诉他们，“我选择活下去。把我当活人而不是死人来做手术。”）”可推知，迈克尔说他对重力过敏是在开玩笑，因为他决心活下去，并想以此方式鼓励医生和护士。故选C。
7. 推理判断题。根据第三段中迈克尔的话“Life is all about choices. You choose how you react to situations. You choose how people will affect your mood. The bottom line is: It’s your choice how you live life.（生活就是选择。你选择如何应对各种情况。你选择别人如何影响你的情绪。底线是：如何生活是你自己的选择。）”可知，迈克尔是一个无论发生什么事都对生活总是乐观的人从迈克尔的故事中可以知道，我们对待事情和生活的态度非常重要，保持乐观心态，万事皆容易。C项（心不甘情不愿，任何事情都困难无比；心甘情愿，任何事情都变得容易。）强调了态度的重要性，与文章主旨一致。故选C。


【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了很多在地球上容易完成的小事，在太空中却难以完成，如流眼泪，打嗝，文章解释了原因并说明了在太空中做这些小事给身体所带来的疼痛。
1. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Without gravity, tears don’t flow downward out of the eyes like they do here on Earth. This means that when you cry in space, your tears have nowhere to go — they just stick to your eyes.（没有地心引力，眼泪就不会像地球上的眼泪一样从眼睛里往下流。这意味着当你在太空中哭泣时，你的眼泪无处可去，它们只会粘在你的眼睛上。）”可知，由于没有重力，眼泪不会像在地球上那样滚落下来；由此可推知，在太空中时，眼泪不会滚落下来。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Besides making your vision unclear, this can also cause physical pain.（除了使你的视力模糊之外，这也会导致身体疼痛。）”可知，在太空中流泪不仅会使你视力模糊，还会引起疼痛。故选A。
3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句“Another choice is to just wait — “When the tears get big enough they simply break free of the eye and float around,” astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic.（一种选择是等待——“当眼泪变得足够大时，它们就会从眼睛中挣脱出来，四处飘浮，”宇航员Ron Parise告诉《大西洋月刊》。)”可知，宇航员除掉眼泪的方法之一是等待泪珠足够大时，它会自行脱离眼睛而向周围飘散。故选D。
4. 概括大意题。通读倒数第二段内容可知，该段的主题句是第一、二句“There are lots of small things — things like crying — that we are so used to on Earth. We usually take them for granted, until they become a problem in a totally different environment, like space.（地球上有很多小事情，比如哭，我们已经习惯了。我们通常认为它们是理所当然的，直到它们在完全不同的环境中，比如太空中，成为问题。）”和本段后文举有关“太空中难以完成的小事”的例子可知，该段主要介绍了一些在太空中难以完成的小事。故选B。



【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是一个快要消失的城镇 —— Civita。文中叙述了城镇消失的主要原因、城里的生活状况以及Civita正在寻求联合国教科文组织的世界遗产认定，以获得官方对其景观和自然适应性的认可。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The village stands on a declining plateau (高原). It has gone through landslides (泥石流), earthquakes, and erosion (腐蚀) since humans’ first settlement about 2,500 years ago. Nowadays Civita has been reduced to only 90 by 150 meters.（这个村庄坐落在一个逐渐下降的高原上。自2500年前人类第一次定居以来，这里经历了山体滑坡、地震和侵蚀。现在Civita已经缩小到只有90乘150米。）”可知，“自然条件”让Civita变得更小。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The survival of Civita is uncertain. However, as the news that the town was about to disappear started to widely spread, more and more people wanted to visit it. Now up to 10,000 people visit Civita per day. And there is doubt as to whether it is dying.（Civita的生存是不确定的。然而，随着小镇即将消失的消息开始广泛传播，越来越多的人想去参观它。现在，每天有多达1万人访问Civita。人们怀疑它是否正在消失。）”可知，每天之所以都有这么多游客涌入Civita，是因为他们想抓住最后的机会去看。故选D。
3. 概括大意题。根据第四段“Yet the actual situation in Civita is that there are no grocery stores, hardware, or convenience stores. People living there can only have access to a handful of restaurants and tourist shops. Besides, they have to get supplies through a narrow, 300-meter-long bridge that connects them to the outside world.（然而Civita的实际情况是没有杂货店、五金店或便利店。住在那里的人只能去几家餐馆和旅游商店。此外，他们还必须通过一座连接他们与外部世界的300米长的狭窄桥梁来获取物资。）”可知，第四段讲述的是“城里的生活状况”。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Today, Civita is pursuing a UNESCO World Heritage designation, in order to earn official recognition of its landscape and adaptability to nature. Recently, the town presented a 242-page document to the UNESCO, hoping that it will help strengthen Civita’s role as a site of historical and cultural significance. Also, Civitas UNESCO team plans to create tourist attractions in the surrounding towns.（今天，Civita正在寻求联合国教科文组织的世界遗产认定，以获得官方对其景观和自然适应性的认可。最近，该镇向联合国教科文组织提交了一份242页的文件，希望它能帮助加强Civita作为一个具有历史和文化意义的遗址的作用。此外，Civitas的联合国教科文组织团队计划在周边城镇创建旅游景点。）”由此可知，Civita的未来是“充满希望的”。故选B。

七选五
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明要关注孩子健康，并提出如何排解压力的建议。
1. 根据上文“Everybody gets stressed from time to time.（每个人都会时不时感到有压力。）”和下文“Some ways of dealing with stress -like screaming (尖叫) or hitting someone — don’t solve much. But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.（有些处理压力的方法 —— 比如尖叫或殴打他人 —— 解决不了多少问题。但是其他的方法，比如和你信任的人交谈，可以引导你解决问题，或者至少让你感觉更好。）”可知，上文指出人人都会感受到压力，下文提到了应对压力的不同方法。由此推知，空处承接上文陈述每个人感受到的压力是不同的。C项“不同的人感受压力的方式不同”符合题意。故选C。
2. 根据上文“Talk to trusted adults, such as parents or other relatives (亲戚).（与信任的成年人交谈，例如父母或其他亲戚。）”和下文“They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.（他们或许有相同的问题，例如应对考试，或者喜爱的宠物的死亡。）”可知，上文指出可以与信得过的成人交谈，下文指出有的人可能与你有相同的问题。由此推知，空处指出还可以与信得过的朋友聊天。F项“与你的朋友聊天也是一个不错的选择”符合题意，下文的they指代选项中的your friends。故选F。
3. 空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Remember that there are always people to help you.（记住总是有可以帮助你的人。）”可知，遇到问题不要独自承担，要求助于那些愿意提供帮助的人。A项“你最好向他们求助，以度过难关”符合题意，选项中的them指代上文的people。故选A。
4. 本段的主旨是“Try to solve the problem.（尝试解决问题。）”，根据上文“After you’re calm and you have support from adults and friends, it’s time to get down to business.（当你冷静下来，得到大人和朋友的支持后，是时候开始做正事了。）”可知，当冷静下来后，就要弄明白问题是什么，这样才能解决问题。E项“你需要弄明白问题是什么”符合题意，与上文承接自然。故选E。
5. 根据上文“And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a hard time, you’ll help yourself feel better even faster.（如果你能在艰难的日子里保持积极的心态，你会让自己更快地感觉更好。）”可知，如果在艰难时刻都能保持积极的心态，那么当问题解决了之后，感觉会更好的。D项“啊，当压力消失的时候感觉真好”符合题意。故选D。


完形填空
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了在冬天，格林伯格的公文箱里总带着许多手套，赠送给那些没戴手套的穷人。很多人都认识他，也理解他的行为；而不认识的人则可能会感到吃惊。他和他父亲都认为：帮助别人可以让人更快乐。
1. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他在体育和艺术方面并不出名，但街上的人都知道他，特别是那些穷人。A. know about知道，了解；B. learn from向……学习；C. cheer for为……欢呼；D. look after照顾。根据第五段中“Now, many poor New Yorkers know him.”可知，街上的人都知道格林伯格。故选A。
2. 考查形容词辨析。句意：他在体育和艺术方面并不出名，但街上的人都知道他，特别是那些穷人。A. old老的；B. busy繁忙的；C. kind善良的；D. poor贫穷的。根据最后一段中“Michael’s father always helped the poor”可知，格林伯格帮助的是那些穷人。故选D。
3. 考查名词辨析。句意：他是怎么得到这个名字的。A. job工作；B. name名字；C. chance机会；D. message信息。根据上一句“he is ‘Gloves’ Greenberg”可知，格林伯格被称为“手套”格林伯格，所以本句在问格林伯格是怎么得到这个名字的。故选B。
4. 考查形容词辨析。句意：但他与众不同。A. calm平静的；B. different不同的；C. crazy疯狂的；D. curious好奇的。根据下一句“His briefcase always has some gloves (手套).”可知，格林伯格与众不同。故选B。
5. 考查动词辨析。句意：在冬天，格林伯格先生与其他纽约人做事风格不同，这些人通常是看着人行道，匆忙沿着街道走去。A. act行动，做事；B. sound听起来；C. feel感觉；D. dress给……穿衣服。根据下文“He looks around at ________.”可知，格林伯格先生会留意周围的人，这与其他纽约人做事风格不同。故选A。
6. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在冬天，格林伯格先生不像其他纽约人那样，这些人通常是看着人行道，匆忙沿着街道走去。A. cross out划掉，勾销；B. drive along沿……行驶；C. hurry down沿着……急忙下去；D. keep off不接近。根据“look at the sidewalk (人行道)”可知，其他人只是看着人行道，匆忙沿着街道走去，从不留心周围的人。故选C。
7. 考查名词辨析。句意：他会留意周围的人。A. cars汽车；B. people人；C. street numbers街道号码；D. traffic lights交通灯。根据下文someone可知，格林伯格留意周围的人。故选B。
8. 考查动词辨析。句意：当他看到有人没有戴手套时，他就停下来。A. helps帮助；B. chooses选择；C. greets问候；D. sees看见。格林伯格停下里赠别人手套，是当他看到别人没带手套才这么做的。故选D。
9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他会给他们一双手套，然后他继续去寻找更多手冰凉的人。A. holds up举起；B. hangs out闲逛；C. moves on继续前进；D. turns around转身。根据下文“looking for more people”可知，格林伯格继续去寻找更多的手冰凉的人。故选C。
10. 考查名词辨析。句意：他会给他们一双手套，然后他继续去寻找更多的手冰凉的人。A. hands手；B. ears耳朵；C. faces脸；D. eyes眼睛。格林伯格继续去寻找更多的手冰凉的人，也就是因故没有带手套而导致手冰凉的人。故选A。
11. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在冬天，格林伯格先生赠给别人手套。A. searches for搜寻；B. stores up储存起来；C. gives away赠送；D. puts on穿上。根据上文中的gives可知，在冬天，格林伯格先生赠给别人手套。故选C。
12. 考查动词辨析。句意：在一年剩下的时间里，他去买手套。A. borrows借入；B. sells卖；C. returns返回；D. buys买。除了冬季，格林伯格就去买手套，以备冬天送给需要的人。故选D。
13. 考查动词辨析。句意：听说过他的人都主动寄送给他手套，他家里有很多手套。A. call打电话；B. send邮寄；C. lend借出；D. show展示。手套除了自己买的，还有一部分是其他人寄送过来的。故选B。
14. 考查动词辨析。句意：格林伯格先生21年前就开始这样做了。A. delayed延期；B. remembered记得；C. began开始；D. enjoyed享受。根据下文“21 years ago”可知，格林伯格先生21年前就开始这样做了。故选C。
15. 考查动词辨析。句意：现在，许多贫穷的纽约人知道他，理解他的行为。A. understand明白；B. dislike不喜欢；C. study学习；D. excuse原谅。根据“Now, many poor New Yorkers know him.”可知，现在，许多贫穷的纽约人知道他，理解格林伯格的行为。故选A。
16. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但不认识他的人有时会对他感到惊讶。A. sorry for对……感到抱歉；B. satisfied with对……满意；C. proud of以……为自豪；D. surprised by对……感到吃惊。不认识格林伯格的人会对这样的行为和这样的人感到惊讶。故选D。
17. 考查形容词辨析。句意：他们没有意识到他只是想让他们快乐。A. smart聪明的；B. rich富有的；C. special特别的；D. happy幸福的。根据最后一段中“it made everyone happier”可知，格林伯格先生只是想让他人快乐。故选D。
18. 考查名词辨析。句意：这是他家的传统。A. city城市；B. family家庭；C. neighborhood邻居；D. company公司。根据下一句中“Michael’s father always helped the poor”可知，帮助别人是格林伯格家的传统。故选B。
19. 考查形容词辨析。句意：迈克尔也有同感。A. honor荣誉；B. pain疼痛；C. same相同的事物；D. cold寒冷。帮助别人是格林伯格家族的传统，且都会感到快乐。故选C。
20. 考查形容词辨析。句意：一副手套可能是一件小东西，但在冬天却可以产生很大的影响。A. small小的；B. useful有用的；C. delightful令人高兴的；D. comforting令人欣慰的。根据“a big difference”可知，small对应big。故选A。


语法填空
【答案】
41. have come 42. to stay 43. who/that 44. a 45. with
46. enrich 47. Actually 48. well 49. studying 50. be made
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一封邀请信，邀请外国交换生来自己家居住并阐明原因。
1. 考查时态。句意：因为这是你第一次来宝鸡，我认为和一个说英语流利的中学生住在当地的家里是个好主意。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“it is the+序数词+ time+that从句”，意为“第几次……”，此时从句要用现在完成时，句子主语“you”与“have”连用，“come”意为“来”，动词词性，过去分词为“come”。故填have come。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：因为这是你第一次来宝鸡，我认为和一个说英语流利的中学生住在当地的家里是个好主意。分析句子可知，句中有系动词“is”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“idea”为抽象名词，空格处应用不定式作后置定语，对“idea”进行解释说明，“stay”意为“待，停留”，动词词性，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故填to stay。
3. 考查定语从句。句意：因为这是你第一次来宝鸡，我认为和一个说英语流利的中学生住在当地的家里是个好主意。分析句子可知，“____43____ can speak English fluently”为定语从句，修饰先行词student，指人，且空处在句中作主语。故填who/that。
4. 考查固定短语。句意：我精通英语，能与外国人自由交流。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“have a good command of…”，意为“精通……”，所以空格处应用不定冠词“a”。故填a。
5. 考查固定短语。句意：我精通英语，能与外国人自由交流。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“communicate with sb.”，意为“与某人交流”，所以空格处应用介词“with”。故填with。
6. 考查动词和时态。句意：此外，我喜欢在业余时间读书和旅游，如果你和我在一起，我可以带你去宝鸡参观，这将丰富你对我们优秀地方文化的了解。分析句子可知，空格处应用动词，在句中作谓语，“rich”意为“富有的”，形容词词性，“enrich”意为“使丰富”，动词词性， 根据句意和句中“will”可知，句子陈述的是将来发生的事，为一般将来时，“will”后接动词原形。故填enrich。
7. 考查副词。句意：事实上，我和我的父母都很友好，个性积极。分析句子可知，空格处应用副词，在句中作状语，用来修饰整个句子，“actual”意为“实际的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“actually”，意为“事实上”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Actually。
8. 考查固定短语。句意：所以我相信我们能相处得很好。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“get along well with sb.”，意为“和某人相处得很好”，“good”意为“好的”，形容词词性，“well”意为“好”，副词词性。故填well。
9. 考查固定短语。句意：当你学习汉语有困难时，我相信我会尽我所能帮助你。你可以充分利用每一分钟来练习汉语。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“have trouble (in) doing sth.”，意为“做某事有困难”，空格处应用动名词形式，“study”意为“学习”，动词词性，动名词形式为“studying”。故填studying。
10. 考查被动语态。句意：当你学习汉语有困难时，我相信我会尽我所能帮助你。你可以充分利用每一分钟来练习汉语。分析句子可知，“make full use of …”意为“充分利用……”,句中“Every minute”和“make”之间为被动关系，所以句子应用情态动词的被动语态，即“情态动词+be+动词过去分词”，“make”的过去分词为“made”。故填be made。


短文改错
【答案】
1. grow→growing
2. to→with
3. 删掉been或者himself
4. develop→development
5. final→finally
6. that→which
7. introduced前加was
8. her→his
9. a→the
10. after→before
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了袁隆平对杂交水稻的贡献以及他的业余爱好。
1. 考查动名词作宾语。句意：“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平曾梦想种出一种像花生那么大的新型水稻。grow位于介词of后面充当宾语，所以要用动名词形式。故将grow改为growing。
2. 考查固定搭配。句意：他在20世纪60年代提出了杂交水稻的想法。根据句意可知，此处考查固定搭配come up with...，意为“想出，提出”。故将to改为with。
3. 考查固定搭配。句意：他一直埋头于研究和新品种的开发，直到病得很重。根据句意可知，句中表达“埋头于……，专心于……”，需要用bury oneself in或者be buried in来表示。故将been或者himself删除。
4. 考查名词作宾语。句意：他一直埋头于研究和新品种的开发，直到病得很重。develop位于定冠词the后面，所有格of前面，所以应该用名词形式。故将develop改为development。
5. 考查副词作状语。句意：1973年，他和其他人一起，终于成功地开发出了杂交水稻，这使中国成为世界水稻生产的领导者。修饰动词要用副词形式。故将final改为finally。
6. 考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：1973年，他和其他人一起，终于成功地开发出了杂交水稻，这使中国成为世界水稻生产的领导者。根据句意可知，句子“that made China a worldwide leader in rice production (生产)”对前面整个句子起补充说明作用，所以是非限制性定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句；先行词是整个句子，所以要用which。故将that改为which。
7. 考查一般过去式的被动语态。句意：1980年，杂交水稻技术传入美国。根据时间状语in 1980可知，句子要用一般过去时；分析句子成分可知，句子主语为the technology，谓语动词为introduce，主语与谓语之间是被动关系，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。故在introduced前面加was。
8. 考查代词。句意：在业余时间，袁隆平喜欢拉小提琴和听音乐。此处指的是袁隆平的业余时间，所以要用his。故将her改为his。
9. 考查冠词。句意：在业余时间，袁隆平喜欢拉小提琴和听音乐。violin是西方乐器，表示弹奏某种乐器前面要用the。故将a改为the。
10. 考查介词。句意：他每天晚上睡觉前都要读半个小时的书。根据句意可知，袁隆平是在睡前看书，所以要用before来表示。故将after改为before。


书面表达
【答案】
Dear Peter,
With the mid-term examination over, our school badminton club will organize a cycling activity for club members this Sunday morning. I’m writing to invite you to join us.
The cycling activity is scheduled to start from our school, along the Riverside Road to Shigu Park. On arriving, various activities will be held, such as visiting the Bronze Museum, climbing the hills and enjoying chrysanthemums. Surely, it’s a good chance to get close to nature and enjoy ourselves. Remember to wear comfortable clothes and bring some water.
Come to join us and have fun, will you? I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给笔友Peter写一封邮件，邀请他参加学校在期中考试后为校羽毛球社团学生组织的一次骑行活动。
1. 词汇积累
各种各样的：various → a variety of
无疑，必定：surely → without doubt
机会：chance → opportunity
玩的高兴：enjoy oneself → have a good time
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On arriving, various activities will be held, such as visiting the Bronze Museum, climbing the hills and enjoying chrysanthemums.
拓展句：Various activities will be held as soon as we arrive there, such as visiting the Bronze Museum, climbing the hills and enjoying chrysanthemums.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】With the mid-term examination over, our school badminton club will organize a cycling activity for club members this Sunday morning.（运用了with的复合结构在句中作状语）
【高分句型2】Surely, it’s a good chance to get close to nature and enjoy ourselves.（运用了不定式短语作后置定语）