广东省深圳市盐田高级中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题含解析

这是一份广东省深圳市盐田高级中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共33页。
2021-2022学年第二学期期中考试盐田高级中学
高一英语试题卷
考试时间：120分钟 评分：150分
有关说明：
1、选择题部分，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
2、非选择题部分，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡上作答，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
第一部分、听力 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
Directions: In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.
You will hear each conversation TWICE.
Conversation 1
1. What is the weather like today?
A. Cool. B. Cold. C. Hot
2. What will the woman do?
A. Go to take a bus. B. Walk to the restaurant. C. Get off the bus right away.
Conversation 2
3. How does the woman look now?
A. Surprised. B. Nervous. C. Upset.
4. How often will the woman go to the English corner?
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week.
Conversation 3
5. What does the woman want to be?
A. An English teacher. B. A music teacher. C. A singer.
6. What does the man want to be?
A. An astronaut. B. A teacher. C. A singer.
Conversation 4
7. Why didn’t the woman go to New Zealand?
A. She couldn’t afford the trip.
B. She didn’t feel like going there.
C. Her friend invited her to Beijing.
8. What did the woman do on the fourth and fifth days?
A. She visited several attractions.
B. She hung out with her friend.
C. She watched movies.
9. When did the woman go to the Great Wall?
A. On the sixth day. B. On the seventh day. C. On the eighth day.
Conversation 5
10. When will the man’s friends come back?
A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. The day after tomorrow.
11. How much change does the man receive?
A. 8 dollars. B. 12 dollars. C. 28 dollars.
12. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At the park. B. Over the phone. C. At the booking office.
Conversation 6
13. What is William most probably doing now?
A. Playing football. B. Visiting Thomas. C. Buying a ball.
14. What will the woman do tomorrow?
A. Visit her aunt. B. Take care of a kid. C. Go out of town.
15. Where does Catherine live?
A. Near the woman’s house. B. Near the man’s house. C. Near the cinema.


第二部分、单项选择 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
1. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you _______ take care of your luggage.
A. can B. may C. must D. will
2. China Hengda ________ have won the football match, but I’m not sure because I wasn’t there.
A. could B. may C. should D. must
3. The old woman has two sons, one ________ is a teacher.
A. of who B. of whom C. of which D. of them
4. This is the best hotel in the city ________ I know.
A. it B. where C. that D. which
5. He failed in the examination, ________ made his father very angry.
A. which B. it C. that D. what
6. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, __________ they learn simple games and songs.
A. then B. there C. while D. where
7. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street,___________used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.
A. that B. which
C. who D. where
8. On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, ________ some bananas and visited her cousin.
A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. having bought
9. When I got home I saw a message pinned to the door, ________ “Sorry to miss you, call you later.”
A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading
10. It remains ______ whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.
A. seen B. to be seen
C. seeing D. to see
11. Cleaning women in big cities usually get by the hour.
A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay
12. — Do you mind if I record your lecture?
— ________. Go ahead.
A. Never mind B. No way C. Not at all D. No, you’d better not
13. There can be no equality of opportunity ________ everyone follows the rules at their own game.
A. if B. unless C. once D. since
14. The negative influence the increased tourism has ________ the preservation of the historic sites has overweighed the profit it has brought about.
A. on B. about C. over D. of
15. He was about to tell me the secret ______ someone patted him on the shoulder.
A. as B. until C. when D. while


第三部分、 阅读理解
Ann Arbor Travel Guide
When you think of Ann Arbor, you likely think of the University of Michigan. In some ways, the two are the same. But Ann Arbor has an identity of its own. That is the unique festivals like Apple Daze in the fall and FestiFools in the spring. And the town is known as the “City of Trees”: visitors can paddle(划船) and hike their way down the lush(茂密的) Huron River Water Trail or appreciate flowers at a local garden in early summer.
Best months to visit
The best time to visit Ann Arbor is between May and September, when temperatures rest comfortably and lots of activities are held there. For example, June is a perfect time to go outside and experience Ann Arbor’s outdoor spaces, like the Huron River and Mathai Botanical Gardens. If a fall or winter trip amuses you, you will still find plenty to do. College football season runs from September to November, so that’s a great time to visit if you’d like to catch a game at Michigan Stadium. In the colder months, you can spend time in Ann Arbor’s many indoor museums or enjoying special holiday events, like Kindle Fest.
Tips for saving money
Eat where the locals do. Many hole-in-the-wall restaurants are frequented by college students and therefore keep their prices reasonable to attract the public.
Walk, walk, and walk. Downtown Ann Arbor is a very walkable area. In fact, driving and parking a car is often annoying. By getting around on your feet, you will not only get a better feel for the town, but save money that would have otherwise been spent on a rental car or taxi rides.
16. What is the special feature of Ann Arbor?
A. Its good location. B. Its special festivals.
C. Its famous restaurants. D. Its educational environment.
17. What may be the best time to visit Ann Arbor if you are a football fan?
A. Early spring. B. Late winter. C. September. D. June.
18. What’s the author’s advice on saving money when visiting Ann Arbor?
A. Asking for discounts while buying tickets.
B. Having meals in the college dining hall.
C. Renting a car to visit the city.
D. Traveling around on foot.



My name is Thomas: My belief began when I was just a kid. I dreamed of becoming a doctor.
My mother was a servant. Through her work, she observed that successful people spent a lot of time reading. She announced that my brother and I had to read two books every month and submit our book reports to her. She would mark them up with check marks. Years later we realized her marks were a trick. My mother was nearly illiterate; she had only received a third-grade education. Although we had no money, between the covers of those books, I could go anywhere and be anybody.
When I entered high school, I was an A-student, but not for long. I wanted the fancy clothes. I wanted to hang out with the guys. I went from being an A-student to a B-student and then to a C-student, but I didn’t care; being cool was enough for me.
One night my mother came home from work and I complained about not having enough Italian shirts. She said, “Okay, I’ll give you all the money I make this week, and you can buy the family food and pay the bills. With everything left over, you can have all the Italian shirts you want.” I was very pleased with that arrangement. But once I got through allocating money, there was nothing left. I realized my mother was a financial talent to be able to keep a roof over our heads and feed us with the food on the table. I also realized that immediate satisfaction was going to get me nowhere. Success required intellectual preparation. I went back to my studies and became an A-student again, and eventually I realized my dream and I became a doctor.
My story is really my mother’s story — a woman with little formal education who used her position as a parent to change the lives of her children. There is no job more important than parenting. This I firmly believe.
19. Why did the author’s mother ask his brother and him to read?
A. Because she found they liked reading.
B. Because she wanted them to succeed.
C. Because she wanted them to realize her dream.
D. Because she found reading was very interesting.
20. What does the underlined word “illiterate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Uneducated. B. Successful.
C. Intelligent. D. Dishonest.
21. What happened to the author when he entered high school?
A. He kept being a C-student. B. He became more fashionable.
C. He discontinued his schooling. D. He wasn’t concerned with study.
22. What may be the author’s attitude towards his mother?
A. Proud and satisfied. B. Admirable and grateful.
C. Regretful and guilty. D. Understanding and supportive.



It has long been believed that the smart phones in our pockets are actually making us duller; but now there is evidence for it.
Researchers at the University of Texas discovered that people are worse at conducting tasks and remembering information if they have a smart phone within eye shot. In two experiments they found phones sitting on a desk or even in a pocket or handbag would distract users and lead to worse test scores even when it was set up not to disturb test subjects. The effect was measurable even when the phones were switched off, and was worse for those who were more dependent on their mobiles.
The researchers tested 520 university students on their memory and intelligence when in the presence of a smart phone to see how it affected them. Participants were told to complete tests in mathematics, memory and reasoning with their smart phones either on their desk, in their bag or pockets, or in another room. Those who had their phones on the desk recorded a 10 percent lower score than those who left them in a different room on operational tasks, which measures working memory and focus. Those who kept their phones further out of sight in their pockets or their bags scored only slightly better than when phones were placed on desks.
The researchers found that the negative effect of having a phone within eye shot was much greater among those who said they were dependent on their smart phones. Participants who had expressed sympathy with phrases such as “I would have trouble getting through a normal day without my cellphone” and “using my cellphone makes me feel happy” performed as well as others when their phone was in a different room, but worse when it was placed on their desk.
The researchers said the effect arises because part of a smart phone users’ mind is devoted to trying not to think about distractions such as whether they have any messages when the smart phone is in their sight.
23. For the people who scored the lowest, where did they put their cellphone?
A. On the desk B. In their bags.
C. In their pockets. D. In a different room.
24. Which of the following will the researchers most probably agree with?
A. People shouldn’t have a smart phone.
B. Phones wouldn’t distract users when switched off.
C. Those depending on mobiles are more likely to be distracted.
D. Their research has completely changed people’s view on smart phones.
25. According to the study, why did cellphones affect the participants?
A. Using cellphones made them feel happy.
B. They focused on trying to ignore distractions.
C. They spent much time on the received messages.
D. They couldn’t get through a day without cellphones.
26. Where does the text probably come from?
A. Book review. B. A Science fiction.
C. Cellphone advertisement. D. A news report.


As people are becoming more socially conscious about where their food comes from and how it impacts the planet, they are choosing animal-free plant-based options. Cow-free meat has been around for quite some time and the popularity of brands of the cultivated(培育的) meat is rising. While there are a large number of plant-based milk substitutes(替代品), none of them have the same taste of cow’s milk. Now, a food-tech company created real dairy products(奶制品) without harming a single cow or the planet.
The company stresses that their product produced in the lab is not a milk substitute but rather is the real deal. And it is very healthy. The company also says that the lab-produced milk tastes the same as the real thing and they hope to eventually replace cows by creating every dairy product sold. They expect to roll out plant-based cheese and yogurt in addition to milk. “Our company was founded with the mission to stop using animals to produce our food because, as dairy lovers, we realize that giving up on milk is not a choice,” John said. “But today’s milk comes with an unreasonable price tag. The dairy industry is destroying our planet, our health, and our animals, and is simply not sustainable(可持续的) anymore.”
The environmental price tag of dairy farming is too high. According to the World Wildlife Fund, dairy cows add a huge amount of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere and contribute to global warming and climate change as well as pollute the air around them. Dairy operations consume large amounts of water and run-off of manure(粪肥) and fertilizers from these farms get into local waterways. The production uses only 5 percent of the resources and produces only 1 percent of the waste of producing cow’s milk according to the company. And they accomplish this by being 100 percent cruelty-free unlike dairy farms.
27. The food-tech company’s milk mentioned in the text differs from other milk substitutes in_______.
A. its various plant-based flavor B. it tastes the same as cow’s milk
C. its highest output from the farms D. its broad popularity home and abroad
28. What can we know from John’s words in paragraph 2?
A. Prices of cow’s milk are rising these days.
B. All the destructive dairy industries should be shut down.
C. The food-tech company was set up for animal protection.
D. The food-tech company aims to produce animal-free food.
29. What does the underlined word “them” probably refer to in the last paragraph?
A. Dairy cows. B. Dairy operations.
C. Climate changes. D. Greenhouse gases.
30. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Healthier Milk B. New Milk Saves Planet
C. Fresher Milk, Better Future D. Making Milk without Cows



第四部分 七选五
Tips for Keeping Awake in Class
If you want to keep awake during class, sleep the night before your class. Students who doze(打瞌睡) in class often missed sleep the night before. Getting enough sleep is your first line of defense when it comes to staying awake in class.____31____For most people, eight hours of sleep is enough to get through the day, but your body may require more.
____32____This will train your body to know when it needs to be asleep and when it is time to wake up. Allow yourself time to relax before heading to bed by putting away your phone, homework, and other things that keep your mind active. Getting enough high-quality sleep can help you.
Another way is to take a shower before class.___33___The warm water from your shower raises your body temperature. This also increases your heart rate so your blood travels around your body faster. Finally, it helps deliver oxygen to your important organs so your body can work at the best level of efficiency.
____34____When your body is exposed to cold water, your blood will flow at a higher pressure, meaning that your circulation(循环) is even further increased. The cold water will also help wake you up because it will shock your body, forcing you to breathe more deeply._____35_____And thus you will be more mentally sharp.
A. Having a warm meal also works.
B. This will increase your oxygen intake.
C. Perform a series of movements before sleep.
D. This helps you feel refreshed and awakens your senses.
E. For some extra energy, finish your shower with cold water.
F. Make sure to get some shut-eye if you have a class the next day.
G. Keep a regular sleep schedule by going to bed at the same time each night.

第五部分、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
Alina’s life as an angel of love began in middle school, when, in the planting club of her school, she learned how to grow eggplants.
From then on, she was___36___in growing the eggplants. Later she found a big piece of land in the home backyard to plant seeds, hoping to ___37___her crop in fall.
This was___38___than it sounds. She spent all her spare time caring for the plants and she became thinner. However, her great curiosity work___39___ much more than the family can consume, she suddenly had an idea that she sold some eggplants to___40___fund for local Rescue Center for Blind Children. Her father Barret strongly supported her ___41___, and did some ___42___on social media, but he didn’t expect his daughter’s crop to become a big___43___.
Alina’s eggplants ___44___well, though eggplants aren’t the only choice when people buy vegetables. After all, they knew the earnings were for a good ____45____. Within a week, those eggplants helped her raise $1000! Her father and she____46____every penny to the center.
What she did was very____47____to the center. The head said fundraising ____48____much to providing treatment for blind children and her donation can make a difference.
Alina felt very happy, planning to do it with her family all over again next year! In her words, “I get a lot from this ____49____, I’ll try my best to use my own hands to help the blind children in the poor____50____.”
36. A. annoyed B. stressed C. interested D. weak
37. A. taste B. show C. deliver D. harvest
38. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
39. A. slowed down B. paid off C. moved on D. faded away
40. A. lent B. post C. return D. raise
41. A. excuse B. problem C. plan D. hobby
42. A. advertising B. shopping C. searching D. caring
43. A. deal B. fish C. hit D. hand
44. A. planted B. looked C. grew D. sold
45. A. interest B. cause C. job D. way
46. A. withdrew B. donated C. received D. appreciated
47. A. helpful B. financial C. technical D. temporary
48. A. contributes B. connects C. occupies D. removes
49. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
50. A. stores B. families C. schools D. cities


第六部分、语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
China’s new deep-sea manned submersible(潜水) Fendouzhe set a ____51____ (nation) diving record of 10,909 meters in the Mariana Trench. Only a few people ____52____ (visit) the bottom of the Mariana Trench so far.
Four hours after the task started, a group photo of three Chinese divers was sent back, with each one ____53____ (carry) a food plate in hand. They decided to work for six hours after they reached ____54____ deepest spot. That spot is known as the Challenger Deep, with a ____55____ (deep) of over 10,900 meters. The water pressure is 110 kPa, ____56____ makes designing and operating submersibles difficult.
The cabin covering uses titanium(钛), a perfect material with high strength that allows the submersible ____57____ (bear) water pressure at 10,000 meters under the sea. Powered by a battery, Fendouzhe can pick up samples(样本) from the surrounding environment ____58____ its flexible robotic arms, which can work with the accuracy of one centimeter.
Sylvia Earle, former chief scientist of the US NOAA, said that the world is ____59____ (current) in the greatest age of deep-sea research. China now is leading the world in many aspects of deep-sea ____60____ (explore).



第七部分、单词拼写
61. White has always been a ________ (象征，标志) of purity in Western cultures.
62. He ________(咬) off a large piece of bread and ran away.
63. The weather at the moment is not ________ (典型的) for July.
64. The flat was small but________(attract), if rather shabby.
65. The equipment is checked on a r________(频繁的，经常的) basis.
66. The book aims to cover all ______ (方面) of city life.
67. The game has already been p_________(推迟) three times.
68. _________(fortune), he was very soon offered another job.
69. It has been demonstrated that this drug is________(有效的).
70. The community depends on the shipping industry for its ________(survive).
71. A lawyer was appointed to ________(代表) the child.
72. I was impressed by the _________(多样性，变化) of dishes on offer.
73. Pictures of the suspect were________(出版) in all the daily papers.
74. He knew I was________ (energy) and dynamic and would get things done.
75. No _________(先前的) experience is necessary for this job.


第八部分、 单词拼写
76. It’s worth it if my old partner_______ ________(出现).
77. It’s _______ ________(毕竟，终究) we who are the visitors to their world.
78. Sadness wants to do her duty but______ _______(偶然/意外地) causes the loss.
79. The Gorilla Organization raises money to save the world’s last remaining gorillas from_______ ________(灭绝，消失).
80. This is the perfect book for those who________ Christmas ______(把……视作……) a special time.


第九部分、完成句子
81. 对我来说，没什么比英式饼干和在瓷杯里泡一杯乌龙茶这种跨文化的下午茶更好了。
To me, there is ________ _________ _________a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup.
82. 在雨季，雨水是沿着这些水路从山上流下进入梯田的。
During the rainy season, ________ _______ along these waterways ________rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces.
83. 我们对这可爱的生物了解得越多，它生存的机会就越大。
________ ________we know about this lovely creature, _______ _______the chance it will survive.
84. 追溯到18世纪，京剧已经有两百多年的历史了。
________ ________ ________ the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history.
85. 考虑到阿姆斯特朗想把足球带到月球，我们甚至可以说足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动。
________ _______ Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it’s also the most popular sport out of this world.

第十部分、书面表达
假定你是李华，你的交换生好友Ben最近沉迷于玩电脑游戏，这导致他的学习成绩下降，为此他感到苦恼，来信请求你的建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.表示担忧； 2.提出建议； 3.表达期待。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ben,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

###################################################################
听力
【答案】
1-5 C A C B B 6-10 A A C B B 11-15 A C A B B
单项填空
【答案】
1.C
2.B
3.B
4.C
5.A
6.D
7.B
8.A
9.D
10.B
11.C
12.C
13.B
14.A
15.C




【解析】
1.考查情态动词。句意：在像飞机场和车站这样拥挤的地方, 你一定要照看好自己的行李。在这里要表达的是一定要照顾好自己的行李，所以must表示 “必须, 一定”符合句意。故此题选C。
2.考查情态动词对发生过的事情的推测。句意：中国恒大可能赢了这场足球比赛，但我不确定，因为我当时不在。A. could可以，能；B. may也许，可能；C. should应该；D. must必须，一定。根据“but I’m not sure because I wasn’t there”可知，此处是不确定的推测，表示“可能”，应用may。故选B项。
3.考查定语从句。句意：那位老妇人有两个儿子，其中一个是教师。分析句子可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为sons，关系代词whom引导从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语（不可用who替代），指代人。故选B项。
4.考查定语从句。句意：这是我所知道的这个城市最好的旅馆。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是hotel，指物，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，所以空处需用关系代词that/which引导定语从句，又因先行词被最高级best修饰，所以空处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故选C。
5.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他考试不及格，这使他父亲很生气。 定语从句缺少主语，用关系代词，因为非限制性定语从句不能用that，所以选which，指代He failed in the examination，句意：他考试失败了，这使他爸爸很生气。选A。
6.考查定语从句。句意：一些学龄前儿童去日托中心，他们学习简单的游戏和歌曲。此处考查定语从句，先行词是a day care center，在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选D。
7.考查定语从句关系词。句意：位于贝克街的陈氏餐厅过去经营不善，现在生意兴隆。A. that关系代词，指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语，但不用于非限制性定语从句中；B. which关系代词，指物，在从句中做主语或宾语；C. who关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语； D. where关系副词，在从句中作地点状语。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为restaurant，指物，在从句中作主语，因而用which引导。故选B。
8.考查时态及谓语动词。句意：星期六下午，格林太太去了市场，买了一些香蕉，并去看望她的表弟。根据连词and可知，and连接的并列成分的词性和词形需一致，故设空处与谓语动词went和visited并列，故用动词的过去式，故选A。
9.考查现在分词。句意：当我到家时，我发现门上贴着一条消息，写着“抱歉没见到你，晚些给你打电话。”动词read在此处意为“写着，显示”，和逻辑主语message之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词表主动作定语。故选D项。
10.考查固定句型。句意：有待于看看是否吉姆非常适合打决赛。句型：It remains to be done，“有待于做某事”，根据句意，故选B。
11.考查被动语态。句意：大城市的清洁女工通常是按小时计算酬劳的。“get+过去分词”是固定结构，表示被动含义，这里指的是获得酬劳、别人给她支付工资，类似的还有 get dressed/changed/lost/hurt等。故选C。
12.考查情景交际。句意：—— 你介意我把你的讲座录下来吗？—— 不介意，录吧。A 没关系（用于安慰别人）；B 没门，不可能；C 一点也不，根本不；D 不，你最好别这样。从go ahead 判断对方不介意，所以C 选项正确。
13.考查状语从句。句意： 除非每个人都遵守自己的游戏规则，否则就不可能有机会平等。A. if 如果；B. unless除非；C.once 一旦；D.since自从。根据“no equality of opportunity”可知，没有平等机会，除非大家遵守规则。故选B。
14.考查固定搭配。句意：旅游业的增长对历史遗迹保护的负面影响超过了它所带来的利润。A. on在……上面；B. about关于……；C. over在……上方；D. of ……的。分析句子可知，influence后是省略关系词的定语从句，先行词是influence，关系词替代先行词在从句中作动词has的宾语，have influence on... “对……有影响”，是固定搭配。故选A项。
15.考查固定句型。句意：他正要告诉我这个秘密，这时有人拍了拍他的肩膀。固定句型：be about to do ….when... “正要做某事……这时……”，答案选C。



阅读理解
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Ann Arbor的游玩攻略。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段中“That is the unique festivals like Apple Daze in the fall and FestiFools in the spring.”（这是独特的节日，像秋天的Apple Daze和春天的FestiFools。）”可知，Ann Arbor的独特之处是特别的节日，故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中“College football season runs from September to November, so that’s a great time to visit if you’d like to catch a game at Michigan Stadium.（大学足球赛季从9月持续到11月，所以如果你想在密歇根体育场看一场比赛，这是一个很好的时间。）”可知，九月到十一月对足球迷来说是最好的游玩时间，故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“By getting around on your feet, you will not only get a better feel for the town, but save money that would have otherwise been spent on a rental car or taxi rides.（四处走走，你不仅能更好地感受这座城市，还能省下本来要花在租车或出租车上的钱。）”可知，在参观Ann Arbor时徒步旅行可以省钱，故选D。


【答案】19. B 20. A 21. D 22. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者出生于一个贫穷的单亲家庭，母亲没有什么文化，但却很注重孩子们的教育。在母亲的帮助与教导下，作者克服了重重困难，实现了自己当医生的梦想。这一成功的事例说明，在教育子女上，父母才是最好的老师。
1.推理判断题。 根据第二段的“Through her work, she observed that successful people spent a lot of time reading. She announced that my brother and I had to read two books every month and submit our book reports to her.（通过她的工作，她观察到成功的人花很多时间阅读。她宣布我和我哥哥每个月都要读两本书，并把我们的读书报告交给她）”可知，作者的母亲让作者和哥哥读书是因为她想让他们成功。故选B项。
2.词义猜测题。根据第二段画线下文“she had only received a third-grade education.（她只接受过三年级的教育）”可推断，作者的母亲几乎没有接受过教育，故划线词与A项“未受过教育的”意思相近。故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段的“I wanted the fancy clothes. I wanted to hang out with the guys. I went from being an A-student to a B-student and then to a C-student, but I didn’t care; being cool was enough for me.（我想要那些漂亮的衣服。我想和那些人一起出去玩。我从A等学生变成了B等学生，然后变成了C等学生，但我不在乎；酷对我来说就足够了）”可推断，作者上高中以后，不关心学习。故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“My story is really my mother’s story — a woman with little formal education who used her position as a parent to change the lives of her children. There is no job more important than parenting. This I firmly believe.（我的故事事实上是我母亲的故事 —— 一个没有受过正规教育的女人，用作为父母的地位改变孩子的生活。没有什么比育儿更重要的工作了。我坚信这一点）”可推断，作者钦佩自己的母亲，并感激她改变了自己的生活。故选B项。

【答案】23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。研究表明，智能手机会降低人们的智力和注意力。
1.细节理解题。答案定位在第三段“Those who kept their phones further out of sight in their pockets or their bags scored only slightly better than when phones were placed on desks.（那些把手机放在口袋或包里看不见的人的得分只比把手机放在桌子上的人略高。 ）”可知把手机放在桌子上的人，得分最低，故选A。
2.细节理解题。答案定位在第二段“The effect was measurable even when the phones were switched off, and was worse for those who were more dependent on their mobiles.（即使在手机关机的情况下，这种影响也是可以测量的，而且对于那些更依赖手机的人来说，影响更大。 ）”可知研究人员认为，那些依赖手机的人更容易分心，故选C。
3.细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段“The researchers said the effect arises because part of a smart phone users’ mind is devoted to trying not to think about distractions such as whether they have any messages when the smart phone is in their sight.（研究人员表示，之所以会产生这种影响，是因为智能手机用户的大脑中有一部分致力于不去想分心的事情，比如当智能手机在他们的视线中时，他们是否有任何信息。）”可知手机会影响参与者，是因为手机在身边时他们集中精力试图忽略干扰，故选B。
4.文章来源题。这篇文章主要讲了研究表明，智能手机会降低人们的智力和注意力。由此推断出这篇文章最可能出自一篇新闻报道，故选D。


【答案】27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述不用奶牛，生产牛奶的方法。
1.细节理解题。根据第二段“The company stresses that their product produced in the lab is not a milk substitute but rather is the real deal. And it is very healthy. The company also says that the lab-produced milk tastes the same as the real thing and they hope to eventually replace cows by creating every dairy product sold. （该公司强调，他们在实验室生产的产品不是牛奶替代品，而是货真价实的牛奶。而且非常健康。该公司还表示，实验室生产的牛奶味道与真牛奶相同，他们希望通过创造出每一种销售的乳制品来最终取代奶牛）”可知，食物科技公司的牛奶与其他牛奶替代品的不同是：食物科技公司生产的牛奶味道与真牛奶相同。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段““Our company was founded with the mission to stop using animals to produce our food because, as dairy lovers, we realize that giving up on milk is not a choice,” John said. （约翰说：“我们公司成立的使命是停止使用动物来生产我们的食物，因为作为乳制品爱好者，我们意识到放弃牛奶不是一种选择。”）”可知，约翰公司的目的是停止使用动物来生产食物，即食物科技公司的目标是生产不含动物成分的食物，故选D。
3.词义猜测题。根据最后一段“According to the World Wildlife Fund, dairy cows add a huge amount of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere and contribute to global warming and climate change as well as pollute the air around them. （根据世界野生动物基金会的数据，奶牛向大气中添加了大量的温室气体，并导致全球变暖和气候变化，并污染them周围的空气）”可知，奶牛向大气中释放的温室气体，这些气体导致全球变暖和气候变化，对大气造成污染。奶牛生存在这些被污染的空气中。故推知them指代“奶牛”。故选A。
4.标题判断题。根据第一段“While there are a large number of plant-based milk substitutes, none of them have the same taste of cow’s milk. Now, a food-tech company created real dairy products without harming a single cow or the planet. （虽然有大量的植物性牛奶替代品，但它们都没有牛奶的味道。现在，一家食品科技公司生产出了真正的乳制品，却没有伤害一头牛或地球）”和下文内容可知，文章主要讨论不用奶牛，生产牛奶的方式。故文章标题为Making Milk without Cows（不用奶牛，生产牛奶），故选D。


七选五
【答案】31. F 32. G 33. D 34. E 35. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在课堂上保持清醒的几点建议。
1.根据前文“Getting enough sleep is your first line of defense when it comes to staying awake in class.（充足的睡眠是你在课堂上保持清醒的第一道防线。）”可知，本段强调的是充足的睡眠对上课保持清醒的重要性。F选项“Make sure to get some shut-eye if you have a class the next day.（如果你第二天有课的话，一定要睡一觉。）”符合题意，故选F。
2.根据后文“This will train your body to know when it needs to be asleep and when it is time to wake up.（这会训练你的身体知道什么时候该睡觉，什么时候该起床。）”可知，本段介绍的是要养成规律的睡眠的时间。G选项“Keep a regular sleep schedule by going to bed at the same time each night.（保持有规律的睡眠时间，每晚在同一时间上床睡觉。）”符合题意，故选G。
3.根据前文“Another way is to take a shower before class.（另一种方法是上课前洗个澡。）”可知，本段介绍的是上课前洗个澡对保持清醒的好处作用。 D选项“This helps you feel refreshed and awakens your senses.（这能帮助你神清气爽，唤醒你的感官。）”符合题意，故选D。
4.根据后文“When your body is exposed to cold water, your blood will flow at a higher pressure, meaning that your circulation(循环) is even further increased.（当你的身体暴露在冷水中时，你的血液会以更高的压力流动，这意味着你的循环会进一步增加。）”可知， 本段介绍的是冷水的作用。 E选项“For some extra energy, finish your shower with cold water.（为了获得额外的能量，洗完澡后用冷水。）”符合题意，故选E。
5.根据前文“The cold water will also help wake you up because it will shock your body, forcing you to breathe more deeply.（冷水也会唤醒你，因为它会刺激你的身体，迫使你做更深的呼吸。）”可知，冷水也可以使你增加氧气的吸入量。 B选项“This will increase your oxygen intake.（这将增加你的氧气摄入量。）”符合题意，故选B。

完形填空
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. C 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. B 46. B 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Alina卖掉自己种的茄子，并用卖茄子的钱捐给当地的盲童援助中心，为贫困家庭的盲童提供帮助。
1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，她对种植茄子很感兴趣。A. annoyed生气的；B. stressed焦虑不安的； C. interested感兴趣的；D. weak弱的。根据下文“Later she found a big piece of land in the home backyard to plant seeds, hoping to ______her crop in fall.”可知，后来Alina在家里种茄子，说明Alina对种茄子感兴趣。故选C。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，她在家后院找了一大块地种种子，希望能在秋天收获庄稼。A. taste尝；B. show展示；C. deliver递送；D. harvest收获。根据“Later she found a big piece of land in the home backyard to plant seeds”及“in fall”可知，Alina播种的目的是为了在秋天收获。故选D。
3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的； C. longer更长的； D. cheaper更便宜的。根据下文“She spent all her spare time caring for the plants and she became thinner.”可知，Alina在培育茄子时花了很长时间，人也变瘦了，说明种茄子很难。故选A。
4.考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，她赋予极大好奇心的劳动取得的回报远远超过了家庭的消耗。她突然有了一个想法，她卖掉了一些茄子，为当地的盲人儿童救援中心筹集资金。A. slowed down慢下来；B. paid off成功，回报；C. moved on继续前进，对……采取行动；D. faded away逐渐消失。根据下文“Much more than the family can consume, she suddenly had an idea that she sold some eggplants to______fund for local Rescue Center for Blind Children.”可知，Alina培育的茄子产量高，故推知Alina的劳动取得了极大的成功。故选B。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她赋予极大好奇心的劳动取得的回报远远超过了家庭的消耗。她突然有了一个想法，她卖掉了一些茄子，为当地的盲人儿童救援中心筹集资金。A. lent借；B. post邮寄；C. return退还；D. raise筹集。根据“for local Rescue Center for Blind Children”可知，Alina打算帮助当地的盲人儿童救援中心，Alina卖茄子是为盲童集资。故选D。
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲Barret强烈支持她的计划，并在社交媒体上做了一些广告，但他没想到女儿的收成会成为大热门。A. excuse借口；B. problem问题；C. plan计划；D. hobby爱好。根据上文“she suddenly had an idea that she sold some eggplants to______fund for local Rescue Center for Blind Children.”可知，为当地的盲人儿童救援中心筹集资金还只是Alina的一个想法和打算，故推知Barret支持的是Alina的计划和打算。故选C。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲Barret强烈支持她的计划，并在社交媒体上做了一些广告，但他没想到女儿的收成会成为大热门。A. advertising宣传，做广告；B. shopping购物；C. searching搜索；D. caring关心。根据“but he didn’t expect his daughter’s crop to become a big______”可知，女儿的收成成为网络上的大热门，故推知父亲在网上为女儿宣传。故选A。
8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲Barret强烈支持她的计划，并在社交媒体上做了一些广告，但他没想到女儿的收成会成为大热门。 A. deal交易； B. fish鱼；C. hit受欢迎的事物；D. hand手，帮助。根据“Within a week, those eggplants helped her raise $ 1000!”可知，茄子卖得很好，一周就筹集了1000美元，故推知Alina的茄子极受欢迎，成为大热门。故选C。
9.考查动词词义辨析。 句意：Alina的茄子卖得很好，尽管人们购买蔬菜时，茄子并不是唯一的选择。 A. planted种植；B. looked看； C. grew生长； D. sold卖。根据下文“Within a week, those eggplants helped her raise $ 1000!”可知，一周就筹集了1000美元，故推知茄子卖得很好。故选D。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，他们知道这些收入是为了一个崇高的事业。A. interest兴趣；B. cause事业，目标； C. job工作；D. way方式。 上文“she suddenly had an idea that she sold some eggplants to______fund for local Rescue Center for Blind Children.”可知，Alina打算将卖茄子的钱捐给当地的盲人儿童救援中心，所以赚的钱是为了一个崇高的慈善事业。故选B。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲和她把每一分钱都捐给了当地盲人儿童救援中心。A. withdrew撤回；B. donated捐赠；C. received接受；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“The head said fundraising ______much to providing treatment for blind children and her donation can make a difference.”可知，Alina将赚的钱捐给当地的盲童。故选B。
12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她所作的对盲童救援中心很有帮助。A. helpful有帮助的；B. financial财政的；C. technical技术的；D. temporary暂时的。根据“her donation can make a difference.”可知，Alina的捐款起到很大的作用，非常重要。故推知Alina所作的对盲童救援中心很有帮助。故选A。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位负责人说，筹款为盲童提供治疗捐赠了很多钱，她的捐款起到很大的作用，非常重要。 A. contributes捐款， 捐赠； B. connects连接；C. occupies占用；D. removes移开。根据“her donation can make a difference”可知， Alina捐的钱起了很大作用，故推知Alina为盲童援助中心捐了很多钱。故选A。
14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：用她的话说：“我从这次经历中得到了很多，我会尽力用自己的双手帮助贫困家庭中的盲童”。A. ambition志向；B. permission准许；C. experience经历；D. invitation邀请。 根据上文“What she did was very______to the center. The head said fundraising ______much to providing treatment for blind children and her donation can make a difference.”可知，文章主要讲述Alina卖茄子，为盲童捐款，帮助盲童的故事和经历。故选C。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：用她的话说：“我从这次经历中得到了很多，我会尽力用自己的双手帮助贫困家庭中的盲童”。 A. stores商店； B. families家庭； C. schools学校； D. cities城市。根据上文“she suddenly had an idea that she sold some eggplants to______fund for local Rescue Center for Blind Children.”可知，Alina打算把卖茄子的钱捐给当地的盲童援助中心，而当地的盲童援助中心的到筹集的资金，是为了帮助贫困家庭的盲童。所以Alina通过向援助中心捐钱，从而帮助了贫困家庭的盲童。故选B。


语法填空
【答案】
51. national
52. have visited
53. carrying
54. the
55. depth
56. which
57. to bear
58. with
59. currently
60. exploration
【解析】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍中国新型深海载人潜水器“奋斗者”在马里亚纳海沟潜水10909米，创下中国载人深潜新纪录。
1.考查形容词。句意：中国新型深海载人潜水器“奋斗者”在马里亚纳海沟潜水10909米，创下国家纪录。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词短语diving record，national国家的，全国的。故填national。
2.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，只有少数人参观过马里亚纳海沟底部。结合时间状语so far可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语people表示复数意义，助动词用have，故填have visited。
3.考查现在分词。句意：任务开始四小时后，三名中国潜水员的合影被送回，每人手里都拿着一个食物盘。此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，宾语each one指代上文的divers，动词carry和divers之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填carrying。
4.考查定冠词。 句意：他们决定在到达最深的地方后工作6个小时。形容词最高级deepest前应用定冠词the。故填the。
5.考查名词。句意：这个地方被称为挑战者深渊，深度超过10,900米。分析句子并结合空前的a可知，空处应填名词，depth深度，故填depth。
6.考查定语从句。句意：潜水器的水压为110 kPa，这使设计和操作都很困难。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。
7.考查动词不定式。句意：舱盖采用钛材料，这是一种高强度的完美材料，可以让潜水器承受水下10,000米的水压。allow sb/sth to do sth允许某人/某物做某事，固定短语。故填to bear。
8.考查介词。句意：“奋斗者”由电池供电，用其灵活的机械臂从周围环境中采集样本，其工作精度可达1厘米。结合句意可知，此处指“用其灵活的机械臂”，用介词with。故填with。
9.考查副词。句意：美国国家海洋和大气管理局前首席科学家Sylvia Earle说，世界目前正处于深海研究的最伟大时期。空处作状语，应用副词形式，currently目前。故填currently。
10.考查名词。句意：现在中国在深海勘探的许多方面都处于世界领先地位。 空处应填名词作宾语，exploration探索。故填exploration。

单词拼写
【答案】
61.symbol
62.bit
63.typical
64.attractive
65.regular
66.aspects/fields
67.postponed
68.Fortunately
69.effective
70.survival
71.represent
72.variety
73.published
74.energetic
75.previous


【解析】
1.考查名词。句意：在西方文化中，白色一直是纯洁的象征。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用名词symbol，由空前的不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填symbol。
2.考查动词。句意：他咬下一大块面包就跑了。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词bite，与ran away作并列谓语，应用一般过去时。故填bit。
3.考查形容词。句意：目前的天气不是七月的典型天气。句中用形容词形式作表语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填typical。
4.考查形容词。句意：虽然有些老旧，这仍不失为一个漂亮的小公寓。分析句子结构可知，空处需用形容词作表语；attract的形容词为attractive“吸引人的”。故填attractive。
5.考查形容词。句意：设备定期进行检查。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处应填形容词regular，作定语，修饰basis，故填regular。
6.考查名词。句意：这本书旨在涵盖城市生活的所有方面。根据汉语提示“方面”，以及前面的修饰词all可知，该处可填写名词“aspect或field”，且应使用复数形式。故填aspects/fields。
7.考查动词。句意：比赛已经被推迟了三次。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词postpone；由句意可知， 比赛是被推迟，应用过去分词，与前面的has already been构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填postponed。
8.考查副词。句意：幸运的是，他很快找到了另一份工作。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式作状语，fortunately幸运地，首字母应大写。故填Fortunately。
9.考查形容词。句意：已经证明这种药物是有效的。“有效的”effective，be动词后是形容词。作表语。故填effective。
10.考查名词。句意：这个社区依靠航运业生存。形容词性物主代词its后需接名词，survive的名词为survival“生存”，不可数名词。故填survival。
11.考查动词。句意：律师被任命为孩子的代理律师。不定式to后接动词原形。结合汉语提示及句意，故填represent。
12.考查名词。句意：提供各种各样的菜肴给我留下了深刻的印象。定冠词the后接名词形式。结合汉语提示及句意，故填variety。
13.考查动词。 句意：所有的日报都刊登了嫌疑犯的照片。 根据句意及汉语提示可知， 此处使用动词publish；由句意可知，照片是被刊登，应用过去分词，与空前were构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填published。
14.考查形容词。句意：他知道我精力充沛，充满活力，能把事情做好。空处和形容词dynamic并列，应填形容词作表语，energetic精力充沛的，故填energetic。
15.考查形容词。句意：这项工作不需要以前的经验。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词previous，作定语，修饰名词experience。故填previous。

单词拼写
【答案】
76.①. turns ②. up
77.①. after ②. all
78. ①. by ②. accident
79. ①. dying ②. out
80. ①. regard ②. as

【解析】
1.考查动词短语。句意：如果我的老搭档出现了，就值了。空处表示“出现”，应用动词短语turn up，分析句子可知，if引导的条件状语从句应用一般现在时，主语partner是名词单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填①turns ②up。
2.考查固定短语。句意：毕竟我们是他们世界的访客。空处表示“毕竟，终究”，应用固定短语after all，故填①after②all。
3.考查介词短语。句意：悲伤想承担自己的职责，但意外造成了损失。根据汉语提示及句子结构可知，此处应填短语by accident，故答案为①by；②accident。
4.考查动词短语。句意：大猩猩组织筹集资金，以拯救世界上仅存的大猩猩免于灭绝。结合汉语提示可知，动词短语die out符合题意，作介词from的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填①dying；②out。
5.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：对于那些把圣诞节视作一个特殊时刻的人来说，这是一本完美的书。空处表示“把……视作……”，使用短语regard...as...，分析句子可知，主句使用一般现在时，who引导的定语从句也用一般现在时，从句主语who指代先行词those，表示复数意义，所以从句谓语动词用原形。故填①regard②as。

完成句子
【答案】
81. ①. nothing ②. better ③. than
82. ①. it ②. is ③. that
83.①. The ②. more ③. the ④. greater
84. ①. Dating ②. back ③. to
85.①. Given ②. that
【解析】
1.考查固定句型。空处表示“没什么比……更好了”，使用固定句型there is nothing better than， 故填①nothing ②better ③than。
2.考查强调句。强调句的结构为It is/was +强调部分 +that从句，本句强调状语 along these waterways 。根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。故填①it ②is ③that。
3.考查固定句型。分析中文提示和句子结构，设空处缺“……越多，……越大”，可用句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”。 故用the more..., the greater...，前半句相当于状语从句，后半句相当于主句。故填①The；②more；③the；④greater。
4.考查固定搭配和现在分词。根据句意可知，设空处表达的含义为“追溯到”，需要用到动词短语date back to；分析句子成分和句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词has，无连词，可推断这是一个简单句，所以设空处是非谓语动词，充当状语；date与逻辑主语Peking Opera之间是主动关系，所以要用现在分词。故①填Dating，②填back，③填to。
5.考查状语从句连接词。连词given that表示“考虑到，鉴于”，引导原因状语从句，符合题意，句子第一个单词首字母大写，故填Given that。

书面表达
【答案】
Dear Ben,
Learning you are addicted to playing computer games recently, I’m really concerned about you. And I’m writing to give you some advice.
Actually, playing computer games for too long has a bad effect on our study, and even does harm to our health. So you should get rid of it as soon as possible. I think you can try adopting a healthier lifestyle by doing things like reading. Take part in school activities, which can help you make friends and broaden your horizons.
Hope my advice will be helpful to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生好友Ben回信，对他沉迷游戏表达担忧并提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：advice → suggestion
实际上：actually → in fact
对……有不良影响：have a bad effect on → have a bad influence on
参加：take part in → join in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Actually, playing computer games for too long has a bad effect on our study, and even does harm to our health.
拓展句：Actually, playing computer games for too long has a bad effect on our study, which even does harm to our health.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning you are addicted to playing computer games recently, I’m really concerned about you. （运用了现在分词作状语及省略连接词that的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Take part in school activities, which can help you make friends and broaden your horizons. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）