辽宁省沈阳市市级重点高中联合体2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题含解析

这是一份辽宁省沈阳市市级重点高中联合体2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共18页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2021—2022 学年度（下）市级重点高中联合体期中测试
高一英语
满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What season does the man like best?
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Winter.
2. How does the woman feel now?
A. Worried. B. Confused C. Pleased
3.What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Stop smoking. B. Buy a ticket. C. Go to the smoking section.
4. What is the woman probably?
A. A secretary. B. A ticket seller. C. A tour guide.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A term paper. B. A history book. C. The world religion.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man want to go for a celebration?
A. He found a new job. B. He got a promotion. C. He entered the final interview.
7. Where will the speakers meet?
A. In the office. B. In the café. C. At the woman’s home.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Doctor and patient.
9. Why was the man absent from the morning meeting?
A. He overslept. B. He got a little sick. C. He got his boss’s permission.
10. What time did the man fall asleep probably last night?
A. At 1:30 a.m. B. At 2:00 a.m. C. At 3:00 a.m.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the woman say about Professor Lee?
A. She is serious. B. She doesn’t teach well. C. She is responsible.
12. Why does the man have to ask for leave?
A. He doesn’t feel well.
B. He has to do a part-time job.
C. He has things to do in the students’ union.
13. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Write a note. B. Leave the students’ union. C. Say sorry to Professor Lee.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What did the man eat?
A. Salad and pizza. B. Pizza and vegetable soup. C. Vegetable soup and hamburger.
15. How much is the wine?
A. £6. B. £12. C. £15.
16. Where are the speakers probably?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a supermarket. C. At home.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What do we know about Burger King’s new burgers?
A. They were announced on Thursday.
B. They are available all over America.
C. They are on sale for a limited time.
18. What is the purpose of Burger King’s advertising campaign?
A. To introduce the cows’ diet.
B. To show their concern for the environment.
C. To advertise their new burger.
19. How many Americans think companies should fight climate change?
A. About 67%. B. About 33%. C. About 10%.
20. What do the lemongrass leaves do to cows?
A. Help them grow faster.
B. Make their meat taste better.
C. Let them release less methane(甲烷).

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，20小题，满分50分）
The Costa Book Awards consistently pick winners that are both of the moment and subsequently endure. It’s our pleasure to confirm this year’s Category Winners.
First Novel Award Winner
Book: Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine
Author: Gail Honeyman
Eleanor is 31 years old; work finishes on a Friday and begins again on a Monday. Between, her only company will be two bottles of vodka and her own unique wisdom. It is an unexpected shared experience suddenly opens the door to possibility. Challenging reader expectations with a living, breathing character, Gail Honeyman’s debut is a funny and moving diamond.
Biography Award Winner
Book: In the Days of Rain
Author: Rebecca Stott
The Exclusive Brethren were a closed community who believed the world is ruled by Satan. Into this is born Rebecca. Her father had been an influential Brethren Minister. As her father lay dying, he begged her to help him write the memoir. He wanted to tell the story of their family who for generations had all been members of a fundamentalist Christian sect.
Poetry Award Winner
Book: Inside the Wave
Author: Helen Dunmore
To be alive is to be inside the wave, always travelling until it breaks and is gone. These poems are concerned with the borderline between the living and the dead — the underworld and the human living world — and the acutely intense being of both.
Children’s Award Winner
Book: The Explorer
Author: Katherine Rundell, Hannah Horn
Four children survive their aircraft plunging into the Amazon jungle, but for Fred and his friends, it’s only the beginning of a cruel battle for survival. Filled with adventure and a real command of character and incident, Rundell has few peers in superb children’s fiction.
1. Which of the following tells about a family story?
A. Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine. B. In the Days of Rain.
C. Inside the Wave. D. The Explorer.
2. Which character in the book lives alone and like drinking?
A. Eleanor Oliphant. B. Gail Honeyman.
C. Rebecca. D. Fred.
3. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?
A. Randell has written a lot of excellent children’s books.
B. The Explorer is no good than other children’s fictions.
C. Few children’s fiction is as good as Randell’s.
D. Randell cooperates with others in writing children’s fiction.


“Have you checked the oil in the car?” my father used to say to me, his version of “Hello, hope you are well.” Sometimes our phone calls would begin with an inquiry about the oil and end with an inquiry about the oil, with not a lot in between.
Fathers have a lot of love to give, but it’s often supplied through the medium of practical advice. The affectionate phrase “You made my life better from the moment you were born” may be rarely heard, but there is the more common “I’ll hold the ladder while you get the leaves off the roof.”
Why can’t our fathers just say “I love you” or “It’s great to see you”? The point is: That’s exactly what we are saying. You just have to translate from the language that is Fatherlish. Listen closely enough and the phrase “I love you” can be heard in the lengthier “I could come around Saturday and replace the silicon seal around the base of your toilet because I reckon that thing is getting really smelly.”
When I was 17, I went on my first road trip. My father stood on the corner in the predawn of a cold morning to bid us farewell. “Highways are dangerous,” he said, “so don’t try overtaking anything faster than a horse and buggy. And take a break every two hours. And every time you stop for gas, you really should check the oil.” At the time we thought his speech was funny and would chant “horse-and-buggy” every time I floored the accelerator.
Dad’s long gone now. But after all these years, I realize that had I owned a copy of the Fatherlish-to-English dictionary, I’d have understood that the speech my friend and I so casually mocked was simply Dad’s attempt at affection.
4. According to the passage, how do fathers usually show their affection?
A. By inquiring their kids’ car. B. By doing rather than saying.
C. By offering helpful advice. D. By accompanying their kids.
5. Why does the author mention his first road trip?
A. To exemplify the unique parental concern.
B. To provide some background knowledge.
C. To explain the reasons for my mocking.
D. To present my father’s funny speech.
6. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. My father has gone somewhere faraway.
B. I regretted making fun of my father’s speech.
C. I owned a copy of Fatherlish-to-English dictionary.
D. My father’s speech got across to me when I was 17.
7. Which words can best describe the author’s father?
A. Caring and considerate. B. Devoted and generous.
C. Talkative and humorous. D. Knowledgeable and diligent.


Researchers have been trying to uncover the cause of a steady decline of drug and alcohol use in teens. Some suspect it’s due to anti-drug campaigns or the decline of cigarettes as a gateway drug. But another theory has begun to surface. Is a new drug replacing the old ones? Are smart phones taking their place?
I noticed that using my smart phone took away so many life experiences. I hadn’t minded before when my own phone could distract me, but now I felt annoyed when my friends or family used their phones when we were together. Sure it was uncomfortable at first, not having a clutch (紧握) to fall back on when I didn’t feel like talking. But we shouldn’t use our devices as the universal conversation avoider, or as our distraction from the discomfort of human interaction. How can we learn to interact when our phones are on hand at all times to prevent ourselves from doing so?
Still, smart phones can sometimes be wonderful tools. They allow us to take beautiful photos and help us connect with old friends and maintain long-distance relationships. They allow us to have an endless amount of information at our fingertips, and give us directions to whatever destinations. But we must consider how every tool smart phones provide us with can also influence our lives. Not only does smart phone and screen use have an effect on relationships, it can also shape an individual and the brain. Studies have shown that excessive Internet usage can cause increased depression, loneliness, and anxiety in adolescents.
So my advice to teens who feel the same way as I do? My decision to go without a phone was definitely extreme, considering our generation. So try ditching your phone for a week. Observe how it affects your relationships, your mood, and your presence. You just might end up feeling less stressed, happier, and more connected.
8. How does the author introduce the topic?
A. By presenting study findings.
B. By creating a new theory.
C. By asking questions.
D. By doing research.
9. What is mainly discussed about smart phones in Paragraph 2?
A. They are perfectly designed.
B. Their features are striking.
C.Their operations are too complex.
D. They have an impact on social life.
10. What may affect teenagers’ mental health according to Paragraph 3?
A. Bad family relationship.
B. Too much Internet time.
C. Easy access to smart phones.
D. Harmful online information.
11. What does the underlined word “ditching” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Giving up.
B. Giving away.
C. Turning down.
D. Turning back.



Too much light at night can cut the number of seeds a plant makes, a new study finds. Researchers put up street lights in Swiss meadows, far from any real streets. The setup was built similarly to urban light pollution. In these now-light-polluted fields, flowers had 62 percent fewer night visitors — insect pollinators — than did the flowers in dark meadows.
The researchers reported a cabbage thistle bloom hosts a guest insect after dark. Cabbage thistles are the most common flowers in these meadows. Fewer insect visitors at night could mean less pollen pollinated from plant to plant (the first step in making seeds). For the thistles, daytime pollinator visits didn’t make up for this loss at night, says Eva Knop, an ecologist at the University of Bern in Switzerland. Overall, night-lit plants produced one-eighth fewer seeds than did plants that got full nights of darkness.
Light pollution might affect a whole network of plants and their pollinators, Knop and her colleagues now suggest. Indeed, night pollination was not just a lonely business for a few special plants. There were lots of links between pollen hauls by night and by day. Plants with a lot of night visits were often very busy by day, too. Light at night that decreases seed numbers could over time mean fewer new plants. And fewer plants could mean less food and shelter for daytime insects. So a lot of pollinators working the day and night shifts could be affected, Knop worries.
The new study is the first to show how artificial light affects plants’ ability to make seeds. The test is also unusual because it considers all kinds of insect pollinators instead of focusing only on night-flying insects. The researchers paid special attention to the cabbage thistle, but they also mapped which kinds of insects visited other plants by day or night.
12. Why were street lights put up in the meadows?
A. For scientific research. B. For urban development.
C. To reduce light pollution. D. To attract insect pollinators.
13. What can be learned about cabbage thistles?
A. They are the most common Swiss flowers.
B. They rely on insects to help make seeds.
C. They grow slowly during the night.
D. They attract only night visitors.
14. How does light pollution affect pollinators?
A. By releasing harmful rays. B. By damaging their sight.
C. By cutting seed numbers. D. By destroying their shelter.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Night- flying insects matter more than daytime ones.
B. Light pollution may affect plants more than expected.
C. Researchers found ways to protect the environment.
D. Plants attract more insects due to light pollution.


第三部分 七选五
Real life Room Escape Games
Real life room escape games are a type of physical adventure game in which people are locked in a room with other participants and have to use the things in the room to settle a series of puzzles, find clues, and escape the room within a set time limit.
The games are based on Escape the Room video games, such as Crimson Room and QP Shot, created by TAKAGISM Inc. by Toshimitsu Takagi in 2005, in which the player is locked inside a room and must explore his or her surroundings in order to escape. ___16___ Other inspirations include adventure board games and movies. Real life room escape games are becoming popular in the United States, Japan, and China. ___17___ For example, some games require you to escape prison cells while others require you to escape space stations.
___18___ Soon, they were exported to North America, Asia and Australia. Examples include the two pioneer companies Hint Hunt and Adventure Rooms.
The games were so successful that new locations began opening up across China, in cities big and small, according to Want China Times. In the southern city of Shenzhen, for example, the first escape game location opened last month. ___19___ “These real life escape games can help those who stay at home on their computers and iPads all day to experience real social circles,” Tian Xiaochuan, who owns two room escape game stores in Jinan, told Want China Times. Earlier this year, The South China Morning Post said the real life escape games are a hit among “highly stressed students and overworked young professionals”. ___20___ Some players get so involved that they tear down equipment or decorations inside their “prisons”, as Zhu Yumeng, chief operating officer of Beijing room escape game store Taoquan told China Daily.
A. Each game adds local themes to settings.
B. And seven new game locations quickly followed.
C. They should also be brave enough to face their fears.
D. Sometimes the excitement becomes a bit much, though.
E. Weekend or day event escape games have been held in some stores.
F. Permanent real life escape games in a fixed location were first opened in Europe.
G. Players must be observant and use their critical thinking skills to escape the room.


第四部分 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
Penpals Jill Stretton and Cathie Alexander live half a world apart. However, they’ve ___21___ a faithful correspondence for seven decades.
The long-lived letter-writing relationship ___22___ in 1950 when 12-year-old Stretton from Australia, was given Alexander’s ___23___ by a family friend in Scotland.
Back then, it sometimes took six weeks for a long-distance letter to reach its ___24___, but the pair felt an instant rapport (融洽) after their first ___25___ that has only grown ___26___ with time.
Though the two women didn't meet in person until 1982, they feel as if they truly ___27___ with one another, sharing life’s milestones through their letters.
“She is just like one of the family,” Stretton said. “And we are still as together as we ever were 70 years ago. That is quite ___28___ for people who’ve lost confidence in ever-lasting friendship.”
Stretton and Alexander have never stopped ___29___ to one another. Along with hopes, dreams, plans’ photos, and family updates, through the years, their letters have contained their sweet life____30____ — weddings, birthdays, graduation and so on.
While they ____31____ write letters, with technology developing, Stretton and Alexander have slightly bowed to the times. For longer messages, they’ve turned to the Internet, but they agree that nothing will ____32____ a handwritten note. “Now, we do ____33____ to send postcards rather than write long letters because we email now,” Stretton ____34____ honestly. But letter writing plays the most important part in their friendship.
The two women’s story proves that _____35_____ is nothing when it comes to true friendship.
21. A. ignored B. selected C. recommended D. maintained
22. A. improved B. changed C. began D. disappeared
23. A. email B. address C. work D. postcard
24. A. destination B. rate C. power D. intention
25. A. adventure B. struggle C. exchange D. comment
26. A. stronger B. more confusing C. smaller D. more awkward
27. A. broke down B. grew up C. turned up D. settled down
28. A. typical B. frightening C. convenient D. inspiring
29. A. applying B. speaking C. writing D. traveling
30. A. solutions B. memories C. challenges D. sufferings
31. A. still B. gradually C. never D. eventually
32. A. determine B. impact C. measure D. replace
33. A. pretend B. tend C. refuse D. fail
34. A. apologized B. asked C. admitted D. escaped
35. A. distance B. quality C. knowledge D. profession

第五部分 语法填空
Pottery (陶器) may be the oldest artwork of human beings. As far back as more than 8,000 years ago, people in China first made pottery by mixing clay with water and ___36___ (bake) it until it held its shape. Ancient people attached the word “pottery” to their discovery and used it to create various vessels and tools ___37___ (improve) the quality of life.
As time passed, the technique became perfect. Different kinds of pottery appeared in different times and regions. For example, during the Tang Dynasty(618-907) the pieces ___38___ (create) by adding various metal oxide and baking ___39___ a low temperature. The pottery would appear to be light yellow, reddish brown and light green. ___40___ (prefer) by many foreigners to the region, the tricolor glazed pottery (唐三彩) had been transported all over the world.
Purple clay pottery won a great reputation for ___41___ next hundreds of years. As early as the Song Dynasty(960-1279) people found that purple clay teapots looked much more graceful than ___42___ of other materials. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people ___43___ liked drinking tea held firm to the ___44___ (believe) that tea in the purple clay pot smelled better and could retain the original quality; these teapots transferred heat much ____45____ (slow) and were more endurable of heat. Modem people still delight in this classic fashion ideal.


第六部分 书面表达
假定你是李华，上周你校学生会组织学生志愿者去康养中心（health care center）参加了“关爱老人”志愿服务。请你写一篇短文给校英语报投稿，内容包括：
1. 时间、地点；2. 活动（打扫卫生、聊天等）；3. 你的感受。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Unforgettable Experience
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


第七部分 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My wife called, “Will you come here and make your darling daughter eat her food?” I rushed to the scene. My only daughter, Sindu, looked frightened. Her eyes were filled with tears. In front of her was a bowl filled with rice. Sindu particularly hated rice.
“Sindu, darling, why don’t you take a few mouthfuls of this?” Sindu softened a bit, and wiped her tears with the back of her hands.
“Ok, Dad. If I eat this, will you give me whatever I ask for?” “Oh, sure, darling.” Slowly and painfully, she finished eating the whole bowl. Sindu came to me with her eyes wide with expectation.
“Dad, I want to have my hair shaved off (剃光) this Sunday!”
“Darling, why don’t you ask for something else? Girls look ugly with a clean-shaven head. We will be sad seeing you with a clean-shaven head.”
“Dad, you saw how difficult it was for me to eat the rice.” Sindu was in tears. “And you promised to give me whatever I ask for.” My promise must be kept. With her head clean-shaven, Sindu had a round face, and her eyes looked big and beautiful.
On Monday morning, I dropped her at her school. It was a sight to watch my hairless Sindu walking towards her classroom. Just then, a boy shouted from a car, “Sindu, please wait for me!”
What struck me was the hairless head of that boy.
“That boy who is walking along with your daughter is my son Harish.”
Without introducing herself, a lady got out of the car and continued.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
Harish is suffering from leukemia (白血病).
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
That day several students of her class went to school with their heads hairless.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________






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听力
【答案】
1—5 BAABA 6—10 CBACC 11—15 BCBCB 16—20 ACBAC
阅读理解
【答案】1-3 BAC
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四部科斯塔图书奖的获奖作品。
1. 细节理解题。根据Book: In the Days of Rain中“He wanted to tell the story of their family who for generations had all been members of a fundamentalist Christian sect.（他想讲述他们家族的故事，他们家族世代都是基督教原教旨主义的成员。）”可知，In the Days of Rain讲述了一个家庭故事。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据Book: Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine中“Eleanor is 31 years old; work finishes on a Friday and begins again on a Monday. Between, her only company will be two bottles of vodka and her own unique wisdom. （Eleanor31岁，工作周五结束，周一重新开始。其间，她唯一的陪伴就是两瓶伏特加和她自己独特的智慧。）”可知，Eleanor Oliphant独自一人居住，而且喜欢喝酒。故选A。
3. 词义猜测题。根据划线句“Filled with adventure and a real command of character and incident, Rundell has few peers in superb children’s fiction.（充满冒险和对人物和事件的真实把握，Rundell在优秀的儿童小说中很少有同龄人与之匹敌。）”可判断出，Rundell的儿童小说很优秀，很少有儿童科幻作品能与之媲美。故选C。

【答案】4-7 CABA
【解析】本文属于夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲用实用的建议和实际行动来表达对作者的爱。
1. 细节理解题。根据文中“Fathers have a lot of love to give, but it’s often supplied through the medium of practical advice.（父亲们有很多爱可以给予，但通常是通过实用的建议来给予的。）”可知，父亲是通过给作者提供许多使用的建议来表达他的爱。所以“By offering helpful advice.（通过提供有用的建议。）”符合题意。故选C。
2. 写作意图题。根据第三段中“Why can’t our fathers just say “I love you” or “It’s great to see you” ? The point is: That’s exactly what we are saying. You just have to translate from the language that is Fatherlish.（为什么我们的父亲就不说“我爱你”或者“很高兴见到你”? 其本质在于：这正是我们所说的。你需要从父亲式的语言中进行领悟。）”可知，父亲们是在间接表达他们的孩子的关心；作者讲述自己17岁的那次旅行，目的就是为了表达父亲隐藏的爱。所以“To exemplify the unique parental concern.（举例说明父母特有的关心。）”符合题意。故选A。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dad’s long gone now. But after all these years, I realize that had I owned a copy of the Fatherlish-to-English dictionary, I’d have understood that the speech my friend and I so casually mocked was simply Dad’s attempt at affection.（爸爸去世很多年了。但过了这么多年，我才意识到，如果我有一本父亲式语言的英语字典，我就会明白，我和朋友如此随意地嘲笑的那句话，只不过是父亲想表达爱意的一种尝试。）”可知，作者在文中使用了虚拟语气“had I owned…I would have done”，可推断出作者是在表达一种遗憾和后悔的情感。所以“I regretted making fun of my father’s speech.（我后悔嘲笑父亲的话。）”符合题意。故选B。
4. 推理判断题。从文中“Have you checked the oil in the car? ”（你检查过车里的油了吗?）；“Hello, hope you are well.（希望你一切安好）”；“I’ll hold the ladder while you get the leaves off the roof.（去取屋顶上的树叶，我帮你扶着梯子。）”等这些语言里，可知父亲对孩子很关心，并且为孩子考虑的很周到。所以“Caring and considerate.（关心和体贴。）”符合题意。故选A。

【答案】8-11 CDBA
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章针对智能手机的好处和坏处进行谈论，并且强调了智能手机对我们的生活有很多影响，甚至过度使用网络影响青少年的身心健康。
1. 篇章结构题。根据第一段“But another theory has begun to surface. Is a new drug replacing the old ones? Are smart phones taking their place?（但另一种理论开始浮出水面。一种新药正在取代旧药吗？智能手机正在取代它们吗？）”以及下文对智能手机对我们生活的影响的介绍可知，作者通过提问题引出了文章的主题，故选C。
2. 概括大意题。根据第二段“I noticed that using my smart phone took away so many life experiences. （我注意到使用我的智能手机带走了很多的生活经历。）”可知，作者用自己的亲身体验告诉我们智能手机对我们的生活影响很多，故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Studies have shown that excessive Internet usage can cause increased depression, loneliness, and anxiety in adolescents.（研究表明，过度使用网络会导致青少年更加抑郁、孤独和焦虑。）”可知，过度上网可能会影响青少年精神健康，故选B。
4. 词义猜测题。根据上文“So my advice to teens who feel the same way as I do? My decision to go without a phone was definitely extreme, considering our generation.（那么我对和我有同样想法的青少年的建议呢？考虑到我们这代人，我不使用手机的决定绝对是极端的。）”可知，不使用手机是极端的想法，不太能实现，因此推断下文应该是试着放弃你的手机一个星期。故猜测ditching意为“放弃”。A. Giving up放弃；B. Giving away捐赠； Turning down拒绝；D. Turning back返回。故选A。

【答案】12-15 ABDB
【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究发现，夜间过多的光照会减少植物的种子数量。文章详细介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及研究发现夜间过多的光照不仅会减少植物的种子数量， 还会摧毁传粉者的庇护所，从而影响到植物的传粉者。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Researchers put up street lights in Swiss meadows, far from any real streets. The setup was built similarly to urban light pollution. In these now-light-polluted fields, flowers had 62 percent fewer night visitors — insect pollinators — than did the flowers in dark meadows.（研究人员在远离真实街道的瑞士草地上安装了路灯。该装置的建造方式与城市光污染类似。在这些现已被光污染的田地里，花朵的夜间访客 —— 昆虫传粉者 —— 比在光线暗的草地上的花朵少62%。）”可知，路灯挂在草地上是为了用于科学研究。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fewer insect visitors at night could mean less pollen pollinated from plant to plant (the first step in making seeds).（夜间昆虫的减少可能意味着植物间的花粉传粉量减少 —— 这是制造种子的第一步）”可知，甘蓝蓟依靠昆虫来帮助制造种子。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Light at night that decreases seed numbers could over time mean fewer new plants. And fewer plants could mean less food and shelter for daytime insects.（随着时间的推移，夜晚的光线会减少种子数量，这意味着新植物的数量会减少。更少的植物可能意味着白天昆虫的食物和庇护所更少。）”可知，光污染通过摧毁传粉者的庇护所，来影响传粉者。故选D。
4. 标题归纳题。根据第一段中“Too much light at night can cut the number of seeds a plant makes, a new study finds.（一项新研究发现，夜间过多的光照会减少植物的种子数量）”以及第三段中“Light pollution might affect a whole network of plants and their pollinators, Knop and her colleagues now suggest.（Knop和她的同事现在认为，光污染可能会影响整个植物网络和它们的传粉者）”并结合文章可知，B项“光污染对植物的影响可能超过预期”最符合文章标题。故选B。

七选五
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. F 19. B 20. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了现实生活中的逃脱游戏，这款游戏最初是在欧洲开发的，然后在北美、亚洲和澳大利亚迅速流行起来。
1. 上文“The games are based on Escape the Room video games, such as Crimson Room and QP Shot, created by TAKAGISM Inc. by Toshimitsu Takagi in 2005, in which the player is locked inside a room and must explore his or her surroundings in order to escape.（这些游戏基于TAKAGISM股份有限公司于2005年由Toshimitsu Takagi创建的《逃离房间》视频游戏，如《深红房间》和《QP镜头》，玩家被锁在房间内，必须探索周围环境才能逃脱。）”说明在游戏中，玩家被锁在房间里，为了逃脱必须探索周围的环境，G项“玩家必须善于观察，并运用其批判性思维技能逃离房间。”符合题意。故选G。
2. 下文“For example, some games require you to escape prison cells while others require you to escape space stations.（例如，一些游戏要求你逃离牢房，而另一些游戏要求你逃离空间站。）”说明每个游戏都有特定的主题，A项中themes表示“主题”，A项“每个游戏都会将本地主题添加到设置中。”引出下文的例子，符合题意。故选A。
3. 下文“Soon, they were exported to North America, Asia and Australia.（很快，它们被出口到北美、亚洲和澳大利亚。）”说明之后游戏被出口到其他地区，F项“固定地点的永久性真实逃生游戏首次在欧洲开放。”说明游戏首次开放的地区，引出下文，符合题意。故选F。
4. 上文“In the southern city of Shenzhen, for example, the first escape game location opened last month.（例如，在南方城市深圳，上个月开设了第一个逃生游戏地点。）”说明南方城市深圳开设了第一个逃生游戏地点，B项“七个新的游戏地点迅速跟进。”承接上文，说明第一个游戏地点开设后，新的游戏地点迅速跟进，符合题意。故选B。
5. 下文“Some players get so involved that they tear down equipment or decorations inside their “prisons”, as Zhu Yumeng, chief operating officer of Beijing room escape game store Taoquan told China Daily.（正如北京房间越狱游戏商店陶泉的首席运营官朱玉萌告诉《中国日报》的那样，一些玩家如此投入，以至于他们在“监狱”内拆除了设备或装饰品。）”说明有一些玩家在游戏中太投入，以至于会出现过分的行为，D项“不过，有时这种兴奋会变得有点过分。”引出下文，符合题意。故选D。

完形填空
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述相隔大半个地球的两位女士通过书信保持着数十年的友谊，说明只要是真正的友谊，距离从来不会成为其阻碍。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她们保持书信往来长达70年。A. ignored忽视；B. selected挑选；C. recommended推荐；D. maintained保持。根据下文“The long-lived letter-writing relationship”可知，她们有长久的书信往来关系，所以她们“保持”了长达七十年的通信。故选D。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们之间长久的书信往来关系开始于1950年，当时来自澳大利亚的12岁的Stretton的家人的苏格兰朋友给了她Alexander的地址。A. improved改善；B. changed改变；C. began开始；D. disappeared消失。根据下文“in 1950 when 12-year-old Stretton from Australia”可知，1950年是她们通信开始的时间。故选C。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们之间长久的书信往来关系开始于1950年，当时来自澳大利亚的12岁的Stretton的家人的苏格兰朋友给了她Alexander的地址。A. email邮件；B. address地址；C. work工作；D. postcard明信片。根据前文“The long-lived letter-writing relationship ______ in 1950”可知，她们作为笔友开始通信关系首先需要知道对方的地址。故选B。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，一封长途信件需要六周才能被送达目的地，在两个女孩第一次交流后，她们感觉彼此很契合，而这种契合感与日俱增。A. destination目的地；B. rate比率；C. power力量；D. intention目的。根据前文“took six week”和“reach its”可知，她们之间的信件需要花费六周才能到达目的地。故选A。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，一封长途信件需要六周才能被送达目的地，在两个女孩第一次交流后，她们感觉彼此很契合，而这种契合感与日俱增。A. adventure冒险；B. struggle挣扎；C. exchange交流；D. comment评论。根据上文“but the pair felt an instant rapport（融洽）after their first”可知，她们有了交流之后才会感到契合。故选C。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时，一封长途信件需要六周才能被送达目的地，在两个女孩第一次交流后，她们感觉彼此很契合，而这种契合感与日俱增。A. stronger更强烈；B. more confusing更令人困惑；C. smaller更小；D. more awkward更尴尬。“that has only grown______with time”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词an instant rapport，根据前文“the pair felt an instant rapport”可知，她们第一次交流时候感觉很融洽，之后随着更多的交流，这种感觉更加强烈。故选A。
7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管这两个女人直到1982年才见面，但她们感觉彼此真的一起长大了，她们通过书信分享彼此生活中发生的事。A. broke down出故障；B. grew up长大；C. turned up出现；D. settled down定居。根据下文“sharing life's milestones through their letters”可知，几十年来，她们通过书信分享着彼此的生活，虽然一直没有见面，但感觉就像是一起长大的。故选B。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们之间持久的友谊对于那些对长久的友谊丧失了信心的人来说是很受鼓舞的。A. typical典型的；B. frightening可怕的；C. convenient方便的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据“And we are still as together as we ever were 70 years ago. That is quite______ for people who've lost confidence in ever-lasting friendship.”可知，她们的友谊持续了几十年，并且友情还跟当初一样，这对于那些对友谊丧失信心的人来说是一种鼓舞。故选D项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Stretton和Alexander从未停止给彼此写信。applying申请；B. speaking说；C. writing写；D. traveling旅行。根据下文“through the years, their letters have contained their sweet life”可知，她们几十年来一直通过写信分享彼此的生活，所以她们从未停止通信。故选C。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：伴随着希望、梦想、计划的照片和家庭的更新，这些年来，她们的信中包含了她们甜蜜的生活回忆 —— 婚礼、生日、毕业等等。A. solutions解决办法；B. memories记忆； C. challenges挑战； D. sufferings遭遇。根据下文“weddings, birthdays, graduation and so on.”可知，她们在信中分享的都是她们生活中美好的事情，这些都是属于她们的美好回忆。故选B。
11. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然她们还在写信，但随着技术的发展，Stretton和Alexander已经稍微向时代低头了。A. still仍然；B. gradually逐渐地；C. never从不；D. eventually最终。根据上文while和下文“For longer messages, they've turned to the Internet”可知，虽然她们仍然在写信，但对于较长的信息她们转向了网络，此处表示让步关系。故选A。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于更长的信息，她们求助于互联网，但她们一致认为，没有什么能取代手写的信件。A. determine决定；B. impact影响；C. measure估量；D. replace取代。根据下文“But letter writing plays the most important part in their friendship.”可知，写信在她们的友谊中扮演着最重要的角色，因此可以推断，她们认为没有什么能取代手写的信件。故选D。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Stretton诚实地承认道：“现在，我们确实倾向于寄明信片，而不是写长信，因为我们现在发电子邮件。” A. pretend假装；B. tend倾向于；C. refuse拒绝；D. fail失败。根据下文“rather than write long letters because we email now”可知，因为她们用电子邮件发长信，所以在线下倾向于寄明信片。故选B。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Stretton诚实地承认道：“现在，我们确实倾向于寄明信片，而不是写长信，因为我们现在发电子邮件。” A. apologized道歉；B. asked询问；C. admitted承认；D. escaped逃离。空后的“honestly”说明Stretton承认她们因为用电子邮件发长信而倾向于寄明信片这个事实。故选C。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两位女士的故事证明对于真正的友谊来说，距离从来不会是问题。A. distance距离；B. quality质量；C. knowledge知识；D. profession专业。根据下文“nothing when it comes to true friendship.”和全篇来看，两位女士虽然相隔很远，但是她们几十年来用书信保持着彼此的友谊，并且友情没有因为距离受到任何影响，所以距离不会妨碍真正的友谊。故选A。


语法填空
【答案】
36. baking 37. to improve 38. were created 39. at 40. Preferred
41. the 42. those 43. who/that 44. belief 45. slower
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了陶器在中国的发展历史。
1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：早在8000多年前，中国人就将粘土与水混合，然后烘烤直至定型。分析句子可知，提示词与mixing是并列关系，作介词by的宾语，应用动名词形式baking。故填baking。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：古人将“陶器”一词与他们的发现联系在一起，并用它来创造各种器皿和工具，以提高生活质量。结合句意，“(improve) the quality of life”是“create various vessels and tools”的目的，用不定式形式，作目的状语。故填to improve。
3. 考查动词语态。句意：例如，在唐代（618-907），陶器通过添加各种金属氧化物并在低温下烘焙而成。分析句子可知，create（创造）是句中谓语动词，与主语the pieces之间是被动关系，结合时间状语during the Tang Dynasty(618-907)可知，应使用一般过去时的被动语态，又因主语是复数名词，谓语动词也应使用复数形式。故填were created。
4. 考查介词。句意：例如，在唐代（618-907），陶器通过添加各种金属氧化物并在低温下烘焙而成。at a low temperature是固定短语，意为“在低温下”，介词at表示“处于……状态” 。故填at。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于受到许多外国人的喜爱，三彩陶器被运往世界各地。分析句子可知，“(prefer) by many foreigners to the region”在句中作原因状语，prefer使用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语the tricolor glazed pottery之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，表被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Preferred。
6. 考查冠词。句意：在接下来的几百年里，紫砂陶器赢得了巨大的声誉。the next为固定短语，意为“下一个；接下来的”。故填the。
7. 考查代词。句意：早在宋朝（960-1279），人们就发现紫砂茶壶比其他材料的那些茶壶看起来更优雅。结合句意，句中把“紫砂制作的茶壶”与“其他材料的制作的茶壶”进行比较，空格处应填入代词指代前文复数名词“teapots”，用复数代词those，意为“那些”。故填those。
8. 考查定语从句。句意：在明清时期，喜欢喝茶的人坚信，紫砂壶里的茶闻起来更好闻，能保持原来的品质；这些茶壶传递热量的速度要慢得多，而且更耐热。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people，指人，在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。
9. 考查名词。句意：在明清时期，喜欢喝茶的人坚信，紫砂壶里的茶闻起来更好闻，能保持原来的品质；这些茶壶传递热量的速度要慢得多，而且更耐热。根据句意可知，应填入名词belief，作宾语，意为“看法；信念”，抽象名词，不可数。故填belief。
10. 考查副词比较级。句意：在明清时期，喜欢喝茶的人坚信，紫砂壶里的茶闻起来更好闻，能保持原来的品质；这些茶壶传递热量的速度要慢得多，而且更耐热。根据句意和空格后“more endurable”可推知，句中有比较含义，表示“这些茶壶传递热量的速度要慢得多”，应使用副词slow的比较级slower，修饰动词transferred。故填slower。


书面表达
【答案】
An Unforgettable Experience
Last week, my classmates and I worked as volunteers at the nearby health care center, which really means a lot to us youngsters.
Fully prepared, we went to different posts and started our work. Some spent time chatting with the elderly, some were busy cleaning up, and others made dumplings together. After lunch, we put on performances for the elderly, and they were delighted for what we had done.
Through the volunteer activities, not only can we understand the elderly better, but also we can improve the sense of responsibility for caring about them.
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就上周学生会组织的“关爱老人”志愿服务活动写一篇短文，向校英语报投稿。
1. 词汇积累
确实：really → exactly
准备：prepare → make preparations
高兴的：delighted → happy
理解：understand → comprehend
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Fully prepared, we went to different posts and started our work.
拓展句：After we had fully prepared, we went to different posts and started our work.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Last week, my classmates and I worked as volunteers at the nearby health care center, which really means a lot to us youngsters.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Through the volunteer activities, not only can we understand the elderly better, but also we can improve the sense of responsibility for caring about them.（运用了not only置于句首的部分倒装结构）


读后续写
【答案】
Harish is suffering from leukemia (白血病). He lost all his hair due to the side effects of the treatment. “Never will I have any friends, will I, mom?” he cried desperately. He refused to come back to school for fear of being laugh at. The turning point came with the story that Sindu visited him last week. But what I never imagined was that she would sacrifice her lovely hair for the sake of my son. “What a little angel!” the lady exclaimed, tears welling up her eyes.
That day several students of her class went to school with their heads hairless. Without any embarrassment or hesitation, they talked and laughed as usual, waving morning greetings to others. The cheerful scene infected everyone on the spot, which touched me and left me lost in thought. What was it that encouraged and inspired my little princess who hated rice to overcome her strong personal disgust to do her bits on the way to help others out? How was it that the action of kindness went viral? “Thanks, honey, my little angel! You are teaching me how selfless real love is.” I whispered to myself, gratefully.
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者希望爸爸满足自己剃光头的愿望。爸爸最开始不知道事情的缘由，但还是遵守了自己的承诺。直到星期一送作者上学，发现班级里有一个和作者关系很好的小男孩也是光头。
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Harish患有白血病。”可知，第一段描述Harish光头的原因，以及为什么作者也要剃光头。
②由第二段首句内容“那天，她班上的几个学生都是剃了光头去上学。”可知，第二段描述孩子们在学校的状态，以及我看到这些情境的感受
2. 续写线索：白血病掉光头发 —— 不想上学 —— 同学一起剃光头 —— 状态一如往常—— 感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①拜访：visit/pay a visit to/drop in
②充满：tears welling up her eyes/tears filling her eyes
③陷入沉思：lost in thought/be deep in thought/be immersed in thought
情绪类
①绝望的：desperate/hopeless
②可爱的：lovely/beautiful/lovable
③尴尬：embarrassment/awkwardness
【点睛】
【高分句型1】But what I never imagined was that she would sacrifice her lovely hair for the sake of my son.（运用了what引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】Without any embarrassment or hesitation, they talked and laughed as usual, waving morning greetings to others.（运用了非谓语动词做状语）
【高分句型3】The cheerful scene infected everyone on the spot, which touched me and left me lost in thought.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）