精品解析：福建省厦门市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（不含听力）

厦门市2021-2022学年度第一学期高一年级质量检测

英语试题

本试卷分五部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。本试题附有答题卡。

注意事项:

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力理解(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15.      B. £9.18     C. £9.15.

1. What is the man going to do next?

A. Give some advice.      B. Eat more salad.      C. Quit breakfast.

2. How does the woman sound?

A. Strange.      B. Woried.      C. Hopeful.

3. Where does the woman advise Henry to save the document?

A. To the email.      B. To the cloud.      C. To the phone.

4. Why does the man ask Nina for help?

A. To improve his spoken English.

B. To better remember new words.

C. To make a video on storytelling

5. What do we know about Levi?

A. He plans Ann's party.      B. He as social anxiety.      C. He sleeps quite a lot.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独自。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；:听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What does Ben plan to do this winter vacation?

A. Learn something new.      B. Visit a friend.      C. Buy a guitar.

7. What is the woman's friend?

A. A musician.      B. A baker.      C. A painter.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. Why does the woman make the call?

A To complain about her schedule.

B. To arrange for a house cleaning.

C. To make a doctor's appointment.

9. What is the woman going to do tomorrow afternoon?

A. See the doctor.      B. Work from home.      C. Make a booking.

10. What time do the speakers agree on at last?

A. 3 o'clock this afternoon.

B. 9 o'clock tomorrow morning.

C11 o'clock tomorrow morning

听第8段材料，回各第11至13题。

11. Which country has the man's sister been to?

A. France.      B. Germany.      C. Greece.

12. What will probably impress the man in Sweden?

A. The tasty chocolate.      B. The great beaches.      C. The northern lights.

13. What is the possible relationship between the speakers?

A Brother and sister.      B. Husband and wife.      C. Co-workers.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14. What does the man think about snowboarding?

A. Relaxing.      B. Challenging.      C. Surprising.

15. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. Sports lessons.      B. Winter sports.      C. Holiday culture.

16. What does the woman need to do first?

A. Try speed skating.      B. Go snowboarding.      C. Buy snow pants.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. Who is Alex Loveraz?

A. A scientist.      B. A student.      C. A doctor.

18. Where did Alex give his lessons?

A. In the hospital.      B. On TikTok.      C. In the classroom.

19. How many followers did Alex have as of July, 2019?

A. Around 700.      B. Less than 7,000.      C. Over 700,000.

20. How do the viewers feel about Alex's explanation?

A. Clear.      B. Normal.      C. Confusing.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

A

UNESCO World Heritage Sites were created to celebrate and safeguard the most unique places around the world. Below are my 4 favorite UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Cinque Terre, Italy

With cars banned here, you'll really get to feel the unique history and character of the Cinque Terre's five centuries-old coastal villages. The breathtaking views of harbors (港口) far below the wild coastline along with the rich colors will definitely make it a memorable holiday.

Angkor Wat, Cambodia

Angkor Wat is the world's largest religious (宗教的) monument and it contains impressive remains from the Khmer Empire (9th to 15th century). The site has dozens of iconic temples like Ta Prohm (a magnificent temple ruin hidden in the jungle). Hosting more than two million visitors annually, this artistic masterpiece is a must-see site,

Petra, Jordan

Petra's rock-cut architecture has contributed to its nickname, the Rose City, based on the color of the stone it was carved from. The delicate constructions of temples and tombs along with the remains of churches and temples are only a couple of reasons why this world-famous site is a must-visit destination.

Yellowstone National Park, USA

Yellowstone's vast wilderness includes mountain ranges, lakes and waterfalls. One of the main reasons for tourists to visit Yellowstone is to observe the amazing wildlife like grizzly bear, bison, bighorn sheep wander the plains and valleys.

For a daily moment of travel inspiration, click here to follow me.

1. Where can tourists enjoy beautiful harbor views?

A. In Cinque Terre. B. In Angkor Wat.

C. In Petra. D. In Yellowstone National Park.

2. What do Angkor Wat and Petra have in common?

A. Colorful stones. B. Religious relics. C. Coastal villages. D. Amazing wildlife.

3. Where is the text probably from?

A. A news report. B. A wildlife brochure. C. A travel blog. D. A culture guidebook.

B

Andie Ang's personal interest in monkeys was awakened when she was a child. In 1995. Ang's father saw some sailors mistreating a small young African monkey and brought it home.

Just ten at the time, Ang clearly remembers her excitement on first seeing the golden-furred little monkey. She named him Ah Boy and they soon became close companions. “I would cycle through the neighbourhood and Ah Boy would always follow me,” recalls Ang. “Neighbors would stop to look and comment, ‘Oh, so cute!’”Ah Boy quickly developed a daily routine of climbing onto Ang's shoulders to pull her hair apart in search of anything that shouldn't have been there.

But as the years passed, the family became unable to care for the monkey, so Ang turned to the internet for help. After a complicated and costly process, the day arrived for Ang and Ah Boy to say goodbye. It was a tearful parting for her. Later that day, Ang made up her mind to study monkeys. "The time we spent together made me want to know more about monkeys, the threats to them, and how we can help," she says.

After getting a Life Sciences degree, Ang went on to complete a PhD in Biological Anthropology with a specialty in Raffles' banded langurs (黑脊叶猴), a critically endangered species which hadn't been studied for 15 years.

Today she spends hours in Singapore's Central Catchment Nature Reserve, where the entire local population of Raffles' banded langurs can be found, doing field research in the forest. Her group has done lots of things to preserve this species, identifying and naming every monkey living in residential areas. They enjoyed discovering their individual personalities. As a result of Ang's work and growing support among locals, the community has come to better understand the value of native wildlife. The future of this small population of Raffles' banded langurs has become a lot more certain.

4. The author writes Paragraph 2 mainly to show________.

A. the excitement of Ang B. the connection between the neighbors

C. the cleverness of Ah Boy D. the closeness between Ang and Ah Boy

5. What made Ang decide to study monkeys?

A. Her father's encouragement. B. Her experience of caring for Ah Boy

C. Her neighbors' comments. D. Her interest in getting a science degree

6. What do we know about Raffles' banded langurs?

A. They are under local protection now. B. They have been sent back to Africa.

C. They are human beings' life companions. D. They have already had a large population

7. What is the text mainly about?

A. A monkey researcher. B. Central Catchment Nature Reserve.

C. Man's threats to monkeys. D. Raffles' banded langurs' protection.

C

According to the World Economic Forum(WEF), eight million tons of plastic waste is being poured out into the oceans every year. That's the equivalent (相等物)of an entire garbage truck being dumped every three minutes, and the source of the problem—the world's cities. In Amsterdam, a simple solution has been found that could stop up to 86 percent of plastic waste ever reaching the oceans—a barrier made of bubbles (气泡).

The way the bubble barrier system works is basically that it is a tube placed diagonally (沿对角线地)on the bottom of the waterway. "The tube has a lot of tiny holes," according to Phillip Ehrhorn, Chief Technology Officer in The Great Bubble Barrier, "We pump air through it, and the air bubbles will rise towards the surface. The plastics are brought to the surface with the air bubbles and then, with the natural flow of the river, towards one side of the river." Then the other part of the bubble barrier system collects and removes the waste.

"Ship traffic is a key economic driver；we won't be able to stop that. So, we would have to find a solution which would not affect all the other existing activities and the ecosystem," Phillip added. The bubble barrier does exactly that. While it provides no block to water traffic and sea life can pass through freely, it also catches plastic waste of all sizes.

The Great Bubble Barrier is trying to work together with Amsterdam and local Non-governmental Organizations(NGOs)to evaluate what the bubble barrier system is catching so as to carry out new policies and additional measures on land. In this way, plastics entering the water could be reduced in the first place. "Our next step is a bubble barrier within Europe and we, of course, want to move to Asia because we think we can make a lot of influence there." said Francis Zoet, the founder of The Great Bubble Barrier.

8. What contributes to the invention of the bubble barrier?

A. Suggestions from the WEF. B. Large amounts of sea waste.

C. Construction of the waterway. D. Requests from the government.

9. What is the function of the air bubbles?

A. Creating tiny holes on the tube. B. Removing the waste in the water.

C. Sending plastics to the surface. D. Changing the speed of the river flow.

10. What does the underlined word "that" in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A. The waste B. Ship traffic. C. Sea life. D. The bubble.

11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. Plastics entering the water will increase. B. The city will evaluate the bubble barrier.

C. The NGOs will move to Europe and Asia D. The bubble barrier will benefit more places.

D

Computers have become amazingly exact at translating spoken words to text messages and searching a large supply of valuable information for answers to difficult questions. At least, that is, so long as you speak English or other world's main languages. But try talking to your phone in Yoruba, Igbo or any number of widely spoken African languages and you'll find difficulty in accessing information, trade and other benefits of the global tech economy.

American tech giants don't have a long history of making their language technology work well outside the wealthiest markets, a problem that has also made it harder for them to discover dangerous misinformation on their platforms. Google, for instance, upset members of the Yoruba community when its language app mistranslated a nice African god as a devil. Part of the reason is that there's just not enough online data in those languages for the Al systems to effectively learn how to get better at understanding them.

“We are getting to the point where if a machine doesn't understand your language, it will be like it never existed,” said Vukosi Marivate, who has devoted some of his Al research to the southern African languages of Xitsonga and Setswana. “Considering our history, some of the bias (偏见) is intentional. The history of the African continent and in general in colonized (殖民化的) countries, is that when language had to be translated, it was translated in a very narrow way,” Marivate added.

However, Google and Microsoft are among the companies that say they are trying to improve technology for so-called "low-resource" languages that Al systems don't have enough data for. Computer scientists at Meta announced a breakthrough on the path to a "universal translator" that could translate multiple languages at once and work better with lower-resourced languages. Meanwhile, Marivate and other researchers have founded a research project across Africa. Increasingly, people are joining hands to develop a variety of language approaches.

12. What can we learn from Paragraphs 1 and 2?

A. Yoruba and Igbo are widely spoken in the world.

B. English speakers fail to access online information.

C. The online data of African languages is limited.

D. Computers can translate all text messages exactly.

13. Why does the author mention “Google” in Paragraph 2?

A. To make a prediction. B. To draw a comparison.

C. To reach a conclusion. D. To give an example.

14. What is Marivate's attitude towards “American tech giants”?

A. Friendly. B. Unconcerned. C. Dissatisfied. D. Proud.

15. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Joint Efforts to Improve AI in African Languages B. Computers Good at Translating Spoken Language

C. US Tech Giants Misunderstand African Languages D. African Researchers Exchange Ideas with Tech Giants

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Most of us haven’t been taught how to apologize (道歉). Sometimes our efforts tend to be hurtful and can make people feel even worse. When the apology is absent or it’s a bad apology, it puts a crack in the very foundation of a relationship and can even end it. And that’s why it is important to get it right. A good and responsible apology can meet the moment and improve our relationships. ___16___

Less is more.

Keep your apology short and avoid the drama. If you’ve forgotten to return your friend’s bike, you don’t have to overdo it as if you’ve run over her kitten. Over-apologizing is not only annoying — it affects the flow of the conversation and shifts (转移) the focus away from the person who needs to be paid attention to. ___17___ .

No ifs or buts.

When you’re apologizing for something, it’s essential to show true sadness and regret. ___18___ . “But” almost always means a criticism, or an excuse. It doesn’t matter whether what you say after the “but” is true. The “but” makes your apology false.

 ___19___ .

If you always listen for what you don’t agree with in order to defend yourself and correct the facts, it will do harm to both sides. Instead, you should keep an open mind and listen with an aim to understand the other person.

 ___20___ . An apology isn’t the only chance you ever get to address the existing issue. The apology is also the chance to establish the ground for future communication. When done with attention and care, an apology can be a channel for greater understanding and deeper connection.

A. Be real

B. Drop your defenses

C. Here are some tips to offer an apology

D. You’ve made the apology all about you

E. A good apology is a beginning, not an end

F. A sincere apology does not include ifs or buts

G. It’s not “I’m sorry” that fixes the problem, but your deeds

第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When I was little, I spent much time at my grandfather's house, watching him paint all day long. What I remember most was how he ___21___ painting old ships.

As I grew up, we hardly ___22___ . I noticed he didn't really ___23___ much anymore. About a year ago, he had a heart attack. In and out of the ___24___ for a while, he recovered but was still ___25___ ,moving around his house in a wheelchair.

Then, I started ___26___ his house and we began to talk more. We discussed life and our interests. Every time I ___27___ , he wanted to talk a lot. I figured he was lonely and enjoyed the ___28___ . Wondering why he didn't start painting again, I made it a point to casually (不经意地) ___29___ it when I came over, telling him often that he should paint again.

It ____30____ ! He started sending me to buy paint and poster boards. He asked me about colors and ____31____ me his paintings. I loved the way he painted the ____32____ ships. He looked happier. Painting seemed to have brought back some ____33____ part of him.

Cleaning for my grandpa has brought us closer. Despite his seventy-five years of age, I ____34____ to discourage him from painting. Days like these are ____35____ , and I enjoy the little moments.

21. A. missed B. loved C. avoided D. started

22. A. fought B. explored C. traveled D. spoke

23. A. paint B. laugh C. exercise D. care

24. A. office B. hospital C. ship D. city

25. A. positive B. busy C. calm D. weak

26. A. searching B. repairing C. cleaning D. sharing

27. A. set off B. turned up C. looked around D. called back

28. A. rest B. freedom C. challenge D. company

29. A. drop B. answer C. mention D. request

30. A. worked B. continued C. happened D. appeared

31. A. lent B. showed C. promised D. delivered

32. A. foreign B. broken C. empty D. ancient

33. A. fun B. smart C. youthful D. secret

34. A. refuse B. decide C. attempt D. fail

35. A. specific B. ordinary C. valuable D. long

第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读短文A、B、C，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给的词的正确形式填空。

A

短文语法填空

In 1976, one of the most deadly earthquakes of ___36___ 20th century hit Tangshan. In less than one minute, the large city ___37___ (lie)in ruins. Two thirds of the people ___38___ lived there were dead or injured. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end. But hope was not lost. Rescuers from all over the country came to help. ___39___ (slow), the city began to breathe again

B

短文语法填空

Chinese idioms, or chengyu, are idiomatic expressions that are usually made up of four ___40___ (character). Most of them date back to stories recorded in ancient classics, and are still alive in spoken language and writing. In addition to ___41___ (record)them in books, people have also moved on to the online platforms. Also, with the help of virtual reality, learners can bury ___42___ (they)in learning cultural stories, enjoying a great learning experience.

C

短文语法填空

Last month, Yu Zhonggi, a student of Tsinghua University, ___43___ (choose) as an Olympic Family Assistant by the Beijing Organising Committee. In his mind, from Welcome to Beijing (a theme song for 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics) ___44___ Together for a Shared Future (official motto of 2022 Winter Olympics), China is consistent (一贯) in showing a welcome to the world, and he hopes the world can gain a ___45___ (good) understanding of China than ever.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分30分)

第一节书面表达(满分15分)

46. 假定你是夏英，上周末你们班组织志愿者到学校图书馆参加义务劳动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：

1.活动内容(如打扫卫生、上架新书、制作海报等)；

2.活动感受。

注意:

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答

  Voluntary Work in the Library

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第二节概要写作(满分15分)

47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Exercise is defined as any movement that makes your muscles work and requires your body to burn calories. There are many types of physical activity. Being active has been shown to have many health benefits, both physically and mentally.

Exercise plays a key role in building strong muscles and bones. This is because it helps release hormones that promote your muscles' ability to absorb amino acids (氨基酸). This helps them grow and reduces their breakdown. As people age, they tend to lose muscle mass and function, which can lead to an increased risk of injury. Practicing regular physical activity is essential to reducing muscle loss and maintaining strength as you age. Exercise not only helps build bone density when you're younger, but also helps prevent osteoporosis (骨质疏松症) later in life.

Exercise is good for your brain health and memory. To begin with, it increases your heart rate, which promotes the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain. It can also cause the production of hormones that enhance the growth of brain cells. Regular physical activity is especially important in older adults. Exercise has been shown to cause a part of the brain that's vital for memory and learning, to grow in size, which may help improve mental function in older adults. Lastly, exercise helps to reduce changes in the brain that can contribute to conditions like Alzheimer's disease.

Exercise can help with sleep quality. The energy loss that occurs during exercise encourages restorative (康复的) processes during sleep. Moreover, the increase in body temperature that occurs during exercise is thought to improve sleep quality by helping body temperature drop during sleep. Many studies on the effects of exercise on sleep have reached similar conclusions. One review of six studies found that participating in an exercise training program helped improve self-reported sleep quality.

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第五部分口语交际(10分)

试题及评分标准由学校备课组根据学生的情况自定。