2.04 语篇理解之细节理解题(含PPT)-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清(通用版)

这是一份2.04 语篇理解之细节理解题(含PPT)-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清(通用版)，文件包含02语篇理解之细节理解题精读精练-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清通用版docx、01语篇理解之细节理解题要点呈现-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清通用版pptx等2份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共14页， 欢迎下载使用。
细节理解题重难知识点复习
【命题解密】【命题角度】1. 直接信息题: 此类试题要求考生对材料中的某具体事实和细节进行认定。常以五个“W”(what,when,who,where,why)和一个“H”(how)开头的特殊疑问句设题; 或是考查考生对选项的是非判断,设题方式为: Which of the following is TRUE/Not true?。2. 间接信息题: 此类试题选项中不直接出现原文信息,而是借助同义转换、概念解析等方法对原文内容进行适当变化,目的是考查考生对事实细节的理解能力和信息转化能力。
3. 数字计算题: 此类试题要求考生根据材料中的相关数字或信息,通过整理、运算得出答案; 试题常涉及年代、年龄、付款钱数等方面的数字计算。4. 顺序排列题: 此类试题的设题方式是在选项中列举出材料中的一些具体事实,要求考生对这些事实进行排序。
【命题陷阱】1. 偷梁换柱: 干扰项中把原文中的关键词或限定词去掉或用其他词替换,使干扰项看似与原文内容相似,实则大相径庭,貌似正确,实际却是错误选项。2. 张冠李戴: 文章中原本是张三做的事情在干扰项中推到李四身上,而其他部分的信息与原文内容相符, 容易误选。3. 文不对题: 干扰项内容虽是原文信息,但不是题目所要求的信息,迷惑性极大,粗心的考生极易落入陷阱而不自知。
4. 前矛后盾: 干扰项的部分内容正确,部分内容错误,考生若不仔细、完整地阅读选项,极易错选 。5. 无中生有: 命题人依据材料中的某一信息,凭空捏造出相似的信息作为选项迷惑考生。
【满分导航】
【学霸秘籍】1. 直接信息题: 结合关键词句对选项进行仔细分析对比,将选项中“无此细节”或“与此细节相反”的干扰项排除,选出与事实细节相符的选项。2. 间接信息题: 关键要找出间接信息与事实细节之间的信息联系。3. 数字计算题: 理清各数字之间的关系,确定计算方法,计算出数值,从而确定正确选项。4. 顺序排列题: 根据时间顺序及句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。此类题可采用“首尾定位法”,快速缩小选择范围,提高做题效率。
(2020·杭州中考)　　A lot of animals travel from one place to another. We call this migration. In Africa, large animals, like elephants and zebras, migrate to find food and water. They usually follow the same ways every year.   A lot of birds migrate to find food and better weather, too. They are usually birds that eat insects. They spend the summer in northern Europe, because there are lots of insects there. In the winter there aren’t any insects, so the birds fly south to southern Europe and Africa.  
研磨真题·技巧演练场
Some insects migrate, too. In North America, millions of monarch butterflies fly south to spend the winter in Mexico, California and Florida, where it’s warmer. They travel 50—65 km each day and they travel about 1, 125 km.  
Some fish migrate to breed (繁殖). Salmon (鲑鱼) can swim over 20, 000 km in their life. They are born in rivers in Ireland, Scotland and other places in northern Europe. The young fish swim down the river to the sea and into the Atlantic Ocean. They live in the ocean until they are adults. Then they return to the river where they were born. They lay their eggs in the river and then they usually die. Salmon do this, because their eggs are safer in the river. Other fish can’t eat them.  　　 . . .
(　　)1. According to the passage, monarch butterflies in North America migrate to_______.  A. find insects　 B. look for water　 C. find better weather　 D. produce young(　　)2. Adult salmon swim back to the river because _______.  A. they won’t be eaten by other big fishB. they want to lay eggs in a safer place C. they are getting ready to die thereD. they want to go where they grew up
【话题分析·明大意】　本文是一篇说明文。讲述动物的迁徙。列举了大型动物、鸟类、昆虫、鱼、北极燕鸥等动物的迁徙原因及规律。
【题源对应·定选项】 题目1: 直接信息题 (事实认定)第一步: 找出题干关键词: monarch butterflies in North America第二步: 对应原文关键句: 第四段第二句: In North America, millions of monarch butterflies fly south to spend the winter in Mexico, California and Florida, where it’s warmer. 第三步: 对比选项定答案对比选项,C项find better weather 与文中信息where it’s warmer相符,故答案选C。
题目2: 间接信息题第一步: 找出题干关键词: Adult salmon swim back to the river第二步: 对应原文关键句第五段倒数第二句: Salmon do this, because their eggs are safer in the river. 第三步: 对比选项定答案对比选项,B项they want to lay eggs in a safer place与原文中的信息“. . . because their eggs are safer in the river”相符,故答案选B。