2.05 语篇理解之主旨大意题(含PPT)-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清(通用版)

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主旨大意题重难知识点复习
【命题解密】【命题角度】
【命题陷阱】1. 以偏概全。通常用片面的观点看待整体或选项的信息只是某个细节或具体事实,只表述主题的一个侧面信息。2. 断章取义。孤立地选取文章中的某一段或一句,作为文章的大意。3. 言过其实。归纳的主题太宽泛或过于笼统,与细节脱节或者是没有对细节加以充分论述。
4. 张冠李戴。误把这一方涉及的事情安插给另一方,认错了对象,弄错了事实。5. 无中生有。凭空捏造生活中存在的事实,但文中却没有提及。6. 本末倒置。把主要的和次要的、本质和非本质的关系颠倒。
【推敲正误】1. 正确选项常含有抽象名词或概括性词语。2. 正确选项一般不出现细节信息,不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词。3. 那些概括全文、内容全面、含义深刻、说明道理的选项一般是正确答案; 4. 四个选项中,内容相近或完全相反的两个选项中往往有一个是正确答案。
【满分导航】1. 解题步骤:
2. 答题方法:
【学霸秘籍】1. 找转折词。段落中出现表转折的词语(如however, but, in fact, actually等)时,这些词语后面的句子很可能是主题句。2. 找总结词。表示总结或结论的话常有therefore, thus, in short, conclude, conclusion等,这些词后面的句子很可能是主题句。3. 找疑问词。首段出现疑问句时,对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨。4. 找重复词。作者有意识地反复重复的观点,通常是主旨; 反复出现的词语,一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。
(2020·德州中考)　　Li Shijin, 30, didn’t expect to make a living through his voice. Li began to work as a company salesman in Liaoning Province in 2012. He tried to find a part-time job as a wedding host to improve his confidence. Around the spring festival in 2014, he started listening to audiobooks (音频书). After being a listener for two years, he decided to record himself reading books. Then, he posted his first audiobook Youth Will Not Return on Qingting in 2016. It was broadcast (广播) and listened to about 20 million times.
研磨真题·技巧演练场
A year later, after he had read three audiobooks, he was signed up as a voice performer by Qingting. However, he was under great pressure (压力) when he was signed up by Qingting. “To improve my ability, I didn’t sleep for more than five hours a day during that year. I had better results the following year. ” Also, to improve his performance, Li attended a training course at Communication University of China to learn dubbing(配音) and how to write a play in 2018. So far, he has completed nearly 30 works on Qingting.
On the road to success, Li put a lot of effort. Many people tried to get a foothold (立足之地) but failed, while he made it! When talking about the secret of his success, he said, “Many people have good abilities and many work very hard, but they may fail. Early birds get worms. I believe they will get chances and succeed sooner or later if they hold on to their dreams and keep on trying. ”
(　　)Which is the best title for the passage?A. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 　　B. Chances favor (偏爱) the prepared mind. C. Two heads are better than one. D. Time waits for no man.
【话题分析·明大意】 本文为记叙文,主要讲述了李世金通过自己的刻苦努力,签约蜻蜓公司,成为一个靠声音吃饭的主播的故事。故事告诉我们努力的重要性,因为机会总爱垂青有准备的人。
【题源对应·定选项】题目: 标题概括题第一步: 读首尾句: 首句为Li Shijin, 30, didn’t expect to make a living through his voice. ; 尾句 “I believe they will get chances and succeed. . . if they hold on to their dreams and keep on trying. ”是Li Shijin对成功的总结。
第二步: 找信息词主要信息有: work as a company salesman; listening to audiobooks; was signed up as a voice performer; attended a training course; Li put a lot of effort等,这些都是与“努力奋斗”有关。第三步: 选最佳项通过以上信息可知: 他的成功与他的刻苦努力分不开,B项(机会偏爱有准备的人)与这一点相吻合,故B项作标题最佳。