高中英语Unit 2 Morals and Virtues导学案

普通高中英语（2019版）必修第三册

Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 导学案

Period 2 Reading and thinking

1.       掌握语篇中的重点词汇在语境中的意义和用法；
2.       通过阅读人物小传，了解人物生平事迹，分析人物性格与品质，并对其个性和品格作出合理的推断和概括；理解人生道路上的“道德困境”；
3.       能够通过阅读从文章中提取事实和细节，能根据时间顺序或事件发展的先后次序来叙事，能够讲述一则友善待人的故事；
4.       学会反思自我，针对人生抉择发表自己的看法；学会全面地、客观地、理性地看待问题，进而对道德和人性有更加深入的思考和理解。

重点

1.       能够识别人物传记体裁的特征和语言特点；
2.       能够根据文章所提供的细节信息对人物的个性和品格作出合理的推断和概括；
3.       学会反思自我，针对人生抉择发表自己的看法。

难点

1.       分析文章的结构，掌握人物传记体裁的特征和语言特点；
2.       正确运用文章中出现的核心词汇讲述如何友善待人，能够针对人生抉择发表自己的看法。

一、课前预习

1、词汇积累（核心单词+重点短语）                                  

A）核心单词4    

B）重点短语

2.   词语释义

①_________the relationship between two people who are married

②_________a period of ten years

③_________a school for children aged two to five

④_________an amount of money that you have not spent

⑤_________a moral rule or a strong belief that influences your actions

⑥_________having a lot of energy or determination

⑦_________twelve o’clock at night

⑧_________the upper part of your legs when you are sitting down

二、课文理解

1.What hard choices was Dr Lin faced with throughout her life? Write down the sentences about these choices.

____________________________________________________________________________________

2.Read the text carefully and answer the following questions:

①What were the results of her choices?

____________________________________________________________________________________

②What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning Dr Lin’s life choices?

____________________________________________________________________________________

③What was the main principle guiding Dr Lin through the choices in her life?

____________________________________________________________________________________

④What kind of person do you think Dr Lin was?

____________________________________________________________________________________

3.Choose the best answer according to the passage.

(1)What did Dr Lin Qiaozhi think is the most precious?

A．Medicine. B．Choice. C．Marriage. D．Life.

(2)What made her brother angry with her?

A．Her mother’s death. B．Her goal to study medicine.

C．Her decision to be single. D．Her marriage like most girls.

(3)Why did Lin open a private clinic?

A．To help poor patients. B．To do further research.

C．To make more money. D．To stay with her family.

(4)What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．Lin married very late. B．Lin adopted many babies.

C．Lin died while working. D．Lin founded a kindergarten.

三、Language points

1．majority n．大部分；大多数；大半

【例句】At age 18，instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls，she chose to study medicine.

十八岁时，她没有像 大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而是选择了学医。

【归纳拓展】

major adj.较大的；较多的；主要的 vi.主修 n．主修课　

minority n．少数　

minor adj.小的，不重要的，不严重的 vi.副修

the majority of...　大多数的……

be in a/the majority  占多数；过半数

单句语法填空/完成句子

①The majority of them _____ (be) in favor of the proposal then.

②In Britain women are ______  the majority.

③The majority_______  in favour of banning smoking . 

④This treatment is not available___________________  hospitals. 绝大部分医院都不提供这种治疗。

2. respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应

【例句】She responded，“I’d rather stay single to study all my life！”

她回答：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人，也要学医！”

【归纳拓展】

response n．反应；回复；回答；响应

respond to...　回应……；对……做出反应

in response to   响应；反应(通常作状语)

make (no) response to  对……(不)做出反应/回答

respond by a nod点头答应

respond with a smile  以微笑表示回答

单句语法填空

①The woman conductor kindly responded _____ my question.

②She laughed in response_____ his jokes.

③There are now superbugs that_____ （not respond） to any drug. 

④The first_____ (respond) we have is to be nice towards everyone. 

3.hire vt.聘任；雇用；租用 n．租借；租用

【例句】She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB－GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.

八年之后，林巧稚从北京协和医院毕业，并获得了该校毕业生的最高荣誉奖——“文海”奖学金。

【归纳拓展】

for/on hire供出租；出租

hire sb to do...  雇用某人做某事

be in the hire of sb 受雇于某人

hire a bus   租辆公共汽车

单句语法填空/完成句子

①There are boats______ hire on the lake.

②The hospital hired him______(do) some work.

③She ______ (hire)three years ago. 

④We  us on a tour of the city.

我们雇了一个司机带我们游览这个城市。

4.appoint vt.任命；委派；指定；约定；确定

【例句】In 1941，Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB－GYN department of the PUMC Hospital，…

1941年，林医生成为递变协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任，……

【归纳拓展】

appointment n．任命；约会；约定

appoint sb as/to be...　任命某人(某职)

appoint sb to__do sth  委派某人做某事

完成句子

①I ______________(appoint) as a volcanologist twenty years ago.

②The man has been appointed_______(be) managing director of the department.

③I’ve got a cold and I’ll make an ________(appoint) with my doctor.

④She___________ (appoint) to the committee recently. 

5.elect vt.选举；推选；选择

【例句】.In 1954，she was elected to the first National People’s Congress and，over the next several decades，she held many important positions.

1954年，她当选为第一届全国人民代表，在随后的几十年里，她担任过很多重要的职位。

【归纳拓展】

election n．选举；推选；当选

elect to do sth　决定/选择干某事

elect sb (to be/as)...  选某人为……

单句语法填空

①Within three months of his________(elect) he was forced to resign.

②California elected________(become) the thirty－first federal state of the USA in 1850.

③In addition，I have such a good command of English that I ________ assistant to my English teacher.

6.tend vt.照顾；照料；护理 vi.倾向；趋于

【例句】.She was more interested in tending patients，publishing medical research on care for women and children，and training the next generation of doctors.

她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果、培养下代的医生。

【归纳拓展】

tendency n．倾向；偏好

tend to do sth　　常常会做某事；倾向于做某事

tend to/towards sth  趋向……；倾向……

tend (to) sb/sth(＝look after sb/sth)  照顾……；护理……

tend towards the world  走向世界

单句语法填空/完成句子

①My grandmother tends_______(go) to bed early every day.

②Most physicists tend_______ the latter opinion.

③It means that more heat energy tends _______ (trap)in the atmosphere.

④He is absent from the meeting，for he_______ his sick father.

他缺席会议了，因为他在照顾生病的父亲。

7.retire vi.& vt.退休；退职；退出

【例句】Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died，22 April 1983.

林医生坚守在岗位上，直到1983年四月22日她去世的那一天。。

【归纳拓展】

retire from　从……退休（retire from work  退休）

retire early  提前退休

a retired clerk退休的职员

完成句子

①She ______ the bank last year.

她去年从银行退休了。

②He is hoping ______  on healthy grounds.

他希望以健康理由提前退休。

③He______ the Navy in 1986.

他于1986年从海军退役。

8.carry sb through sth帮助某人渡过难关

【例句】These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman，and what carried her through a life of hard choices.

从林巧稚医生的这番话，我们可以看到这位伟大女性的内心世界，以及到底是什么支撑她走过充满艰难抉择的一生。

【归纳拓展】

carry on　继续；坚持

carry on with sth/doing sth  继续做某事

carry out  实行；执行；进行；履行(诺言、义务等)

carry off  赢得；获得(奖品、荣誉等)

单句语法填空/完成句子

①In my opinion，the plan should be carried______ immediately.

②You’ll have an accident if you carry______on driving like that.

③①We have not enough money ______.

我们没有足够的钱来完成这项计划。

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．Charles declared the result of the______(elect)．

2．Can anything______(取代) a mother’s love and care?

3．She won a______(scholar) to go to university.

4．We ______ (雇用) a driver to take us on a tour of the city yesterday.

5．He was afraid she would______(拒绝) him because he was a foreigner.

6．Don’t let the noise______(使惊恐) you; it’s only the wind.

7．She often______(抱怨) that he is dishonest.

8．There has been very little______(respond) to our call for help.

9．The______(major) of his books are kept upstairs.

10．The news of their______(marry) was not made public until three months later.

Ⅱ.课文语法填空

When she was five years old，Lin Qiaozhi was deeply 1. ______（affect） by her mother’s 2.______(die)．At age 18，she chose to study medicine.Eight years later，Lin graduated 3.______Peking Union Medical College and 4.______(immediate) became the first woman ever 5.______(hire) as a resident physician in the OB－GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.In 1941，the department was closed because of the war. 6.______(think) of all the people still in need of help，Dr Lin opened a private clinic.She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients.In 1954，she 7.______(elect) to the first National People’s Congress.Dr Lin did not retire 8.______ the day she died，22 April 1983.Since she had no children of her own，she left her 9.______(save) to a kindergarten and 10.______fund for new doctors.

Ⅲ.阅读理解

Dr Dian Fossey, one of the world's leading women scientists, had a remarkable career．The work — she devoted her life to protecting and studying the mountain gorillas (大猩猩) of Africa — has proved highly effective and has resulted in  the steady (平稳的) increase of this most endangered great apes．

Fossey made her first trip to Africa in 1963．Three years later,  she returned to Africa to begin a long­term study of the mountain gorillas．She set up camp in the Democratic Republic of Congo but moved to Rwanda because of political reasons in 1967．She established her “Karisoke” Research Centre camp on September 24, 1967．

Fossey's aims were to study gorilla ecology (生态学) and social organization．She found that in order to achieve this, she needed to recognize individual gorillas, which required that the gorillas get used to her presence (出现)．By copying gorillas,  behaviour and sounds, Fossey began to gain their trust, and in 1970 an adult male gorilla she had named “Peanuts” reached out to touch her hand．

Close observations over thousands of hours enabled Fossey to gain the gorillas' trust and bring forth new knowledge about their behaviour．Stories and photographs of her work were published in NationalGeographicMagazine and elsewhere．

In 1977, one of Fossey's favorite gorillas, Digit, was killed by poachers and she established the Digit Fund to help raise money for gorilla protection efforts in the same year．

On December 26, 1985, Fossey was murdered while going back to her house in Karisoke．Her body was discovered near the research centre．Most probably, Dian Fossey had been killed by the poachers she'd fought against．On her tombstone (墓碑)：“No one loved gorillas more…”

In 1988, the life and the work of Fossey were made into a movie based on her book．

1．Why does the author say “Dr Dian Fossey had a remarkable career”？

A．Because she travelled all over the world． B．Because she liked to play with gorillas．

C．Because she studied gorilla ecology． D．Because she made great apes increase steadily．

2．Which of the following shows the right time order of the events in Fossey's life?

a．She established the Digit Fund． b．Her story was shown in a movie．

c．She was killed probably by the poachers．d．She established her “Karisoke” centre．

A．adcb　　　 B．acdb C．dcba   D．dacb

3．The underlined word “poachers” in Paragraph 5 probably refers to people who ________．

A．sell drugs against the law B．hunt animals against the law

C．hate successful people D．like to do harm to people

4．From the words on Fossey's tombstone, we can infer that ________．

A．Fossey was the person who loved gorillas most

B．after Fossey died, no one loves gorillas

C．Fossey was the first one to study gorillas

D．everybody loves gorillas as Fossey did

【参考答案】

一、课前预习

1.（略）

2.词语释义①marriage;②decade;③kindergarten;④savings;⑤principle;⑥energetic;⑦midnight;⑧lap

二、课文理解

1.At age 18 instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine.Dr Lin, however, rejected the offer,Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. She was more interested intending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors.

2.①She did not get married: she did not stay in the US; she opened a private clinic; she spent her time tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children,and training the next generation of doctors rather than government work.

②The author wants to illustrate what it means to live a selfless life, caring for others.

③The principle was to deny herself, and put others first.

④Lin appeared to have been a very kind woman who was passionate about helping others.

3.(1)D　(2)B　(3)A　(4)C

三、Language points

1.①were; ②in; ③was/were; ④in the vast majority of

2.①to; ②to; ③don’t respond; ④response

3.①for/on；②to do；③was hired；④hired a driver to take

4.①was appointed；②to be；③appointment；④has been appointed

5.①election；②to become；③am elected as

6.①to go；②to/towards；③to be trapped；④is tending (to)

7.①retired from②to retire early③retired from

8.①out；②on；③to carry the plan through

课后巩固：

Ⅰ.1．Election；2．Replace；3．Scholarship；4．Hired；5．Reject；6．Scare；7．Complains；8．Response；9．Majority；10．marriage

Ⅱ.1.affected；2.death；3.from；4.immediately；5.to be hired；6.Thinking；7.was elected；8.till/until；9.savings；10.a

Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文为我们介绍了Dian Fossey博士及她献身的事业。

1【答案】D　

【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，她的工作使濒危动物——巨猿的数量得以平稳增长，这是她的非凡成就。

2【答案】D　

【解析】顺序排序题。Fossey建立the Digit Fund是在1977年；她的故事被拍成电影是在1988年；她被杀害是在1985年；她建立Karisoke研究中心是在1967年。由此可知D项的排序是正确的。

3【答案】B　

【解析】词义猜测题。根据最后三段中Fossey建立保护大猩猩的基金及她与poachers进行斗争可知，她应该是被偷猎者暗杀的。poacher指“偷猎者”。

4【答案】A　

【解析】推理判断题。写在Fossey 墓碑上的这句话的意思是“没有人比Fossey更爱大猩猩了”，也就是说Fossey是最热爱大猩猩的人，故选A项。