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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement当堂达标检测题
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement当堂达标检测题，共26页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分30分），15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
绝密★启用前
人教（2019）版高中英语选择性必修第一册
Unit 1 People of achievement
单元质量检测试题
时间：120分钟 分值：150
第一部分：听力测试（共两节，20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是 C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers probably doing?
A. Learning a line. B. Shooting a film. C. Buying a camera.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Cut. Start from the top! Leo, please, let's try that line again with more enthusiasm.
M: I'm trying. It's getting late, and we've been shooting this scene for hours.
W: Your character is falling in love. Show us some emotion! Cameramen, get ready to shoot!
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why did the man go to Beijing last weekend?
A. To meet his friend. B. To do shopping. C. To have lunch.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Last weekend I took the train to Beijing to meet my friend and he invited me to have lunch. How about you?
W: I went there too. I just went window shopping with my friends, but I didn’t buy anything. I’m trying to save money.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man mean?
A. He has been out of work. B. He dislikes his present job. C. He refused the job offer.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: How are things?
M: Not that great. I’m looking for a new job actually.
W: Really? That’s a shame.
M: I know. I really liked that job.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man have to do now?
A. Finish checking his reference. B. Complete the research. C. Put the material in order.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: How are you getting along with your research paper?
M: I’ve finished all my research, but I haven’t been able to organize it, so I haven’t begun the paper yet.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why didn't Mary sleep well?
A. She had a headache.
B. She had a stomachache.
C. She was troubled by the noise.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: What’s the matter with you, Mary? You look tired.
W: I didn’t sleep well last night.
M: A stomachache or a headache?
W: Neither. It was the noise almost drove me mad.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每 小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How will the man travel with his friends this winter vacation ?
A. By motorcycle. B. By bicycle. C. By tricycle.
7. What do they collect money for ?
A. The Education Project. B. The wild life. C. The disabled people.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: What are you planning to do with your friends this winter vacation ?
M: We are planning to travel.
W: Where are you traveling ?
M: To San Francisco, Los Angeles, New York and Boston.
W: How are you going ?
M: By motorcycle.
W: By motorcycle ? How long will it take ?
M: Three weeks.
W: Why are you making this trip ?
M: We’re trying to collect money for the wild life project.
W: What will the money be used for ?
M: For rescuing wild deer. They’re disappearing .
W: That sounds like a great idea. Good luck with your trip.
M: Thank you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the woman's favorite subject?
A. Art. B. Spanish. C. History.
9. What does the woman want to be?
A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A journalist.
10. What is the woman planning to do straight after leaving school?
A. Work as a journalist. B. Go travelling. C. Start university.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【原文】M: So, next year you're going to start your A levels. Which subject are you going to choose?
W: I'm surely going to choose Spanish because it is my favorite subject and then I'm not really sure... I'd like to do art but I don't know if it's very useful for my career.
M: What do you want to do?
W: A journalist. That has been my dream since my childhood. So, I guess history or psychology or something is probably more useful for my career.
M: Do you want to go to university?
W: Yeah, but I'm not going to start university straight after I leave school. I'm planning to have a gap year, you know, a break from studying for a while,
M: And what would you like to do in your gap year?
W: I want to travel... I'd like to go to Italy and learn Italian. I don't know if it's really practical but that's my dream.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Schoolmates. B. Workmates. C. Teacher and student.
12. Why did Jeanie come here earlier?
A. To meet her friend. B. To make a good impression. C. To review for the test.
13. What’s Jack’s attitude toward the test?
A. He worries about it. B. He is confident. C. He has to get an A．
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Jeanie. Why have you come to school an hour early?
W: I wanted to get a front row seat and review one more time before the test. Why are you here so early, Jack?
M: I arrive here this time every day. You seem to be nervous about your lessons. Have you finished your review?
W: I’ ve only been studying night and day for the last week. If I don’t get an A in this class, I won’t get the support of my country. Why do you seem so calm?
M: This class is really just a review for me. I’ve been learning it for two years.
W: That’s lucky for you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What do we know about the woman?A. She knew nothing about the band. B. She wants to join the band, too. C. She was a member of the band.
15. How old was the man when he started to play base guitar?
A. 15. B. 16. C. 21.
16. Where does the man usually play music?
A. In the city theatres. B. In the town square. C. In local clubs.
17. Why does the man join the band?
A. To make money. B. To have fun. C. To meet stars.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C 17. B
【解析】
【原文】W: I heard you have joined a band?
M: Yeah.
W: Could you tell me something about the band?
M: Well, it’s called Swedish Bubblegum Punk Band.
W: Oh? I’ve never heard of it before. What exactly is that?
M: I don’t know, but people always call it like this.
W: OK, sounds interesting. What do you play in your band?
M: Base guitar.
W: How long have you been playing it?
M: Well, when I was 15, I began playing the violin and one year later, I learnt to play base guitar. I found it so appealing. I’ve played it for five years.
W: I’m sure you will be a great rock star. Are there any other instruments you can play?
M: Of course, erhu, a Chinese musical instrument.
W: Wow, so nice! Do you tour or do you just play where you live?
M: Well, most of time, we play in local clubs, sometimes on the city square and sometimes in the local theatres.
W: What’s the best thing about being a musician in the band?
M: Well, though I can get paid sometimes and often meet famous stars, I do it just for fun and relaxation. After all, playing music is my hobby, not my full-time job.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. When can the man’s friend begin to take classes if he books his place now?
A. In August. B. In September. C. In December.
19. What kind of classes may the man’s friend prefer?
A. Two-hour grammar ones.
B. Eighty-minute grammar ones.
C. Fifty-minute speaking ones.
20. What does the woman suggest the man should do in the end?
A. Ask his friend to book his place.
B. Pay for the classes right now.
C. Meet the teacher soon.
【答案】18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Westwood English School.
M: Hello. I want to ask about evening classes, please.
W: Yes. But this term will finish at the end of August. We’ll start again on the 22nd of September, and end in December. But you can book your place now. M: It’s for a Chinese friend. He wants an easy class.
W: Well, there’s a two-hour grammar class for beginners.
M: Mm. My friend would like something shorter.
W: Well, we have a fifty-minute speaking class. That would be good for him. The teacher is Miss Jarvis. The students all like her. M: How much does that class cost?
W: It’s ￡7. 50 per class or if you pay for all twelve classes now, it’s only ￡80--it’s cheaper that way.
M: Right.
W: Can your friend come to the school soon and book his place? The address is 223, Fitzroy Square.
M: OK. Thank you.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
When it comes to the greatest inventions of the world, China’s name is sure to be mentioned several times. There are hundreds of things which were invented by the Chinese.
Alcohol
Shocked? I was because when they said alcohol I thought about either the US or the UK. China had never crossed my mind. In China, alcohol was made by two legendary persons named Yi Di and Du Kang who belonged to the Xia Dynasty. This period was about 2000 BC - 1600 BC. Research says that in ancient China, beer with 4% alcoholic content was widely consumed by people.
Tea
China is the proud inventor of tea which was first drunk by Shen Nong, a Chinese emperor around 2737 BC. Tea production was rapidly developed, making tea a popular drink during the Tang and Song Dynasties.
The Mechanical Clock
Have you ever wondered what on earth we would be doing without any idea of time? A clock really is an invention without which things were incomplete. The credit of making the first mechanical clock goes to ancient China. The first mechanical clock was invented by Yi Xing in the Tang Dynasty. This was during 618 and 907.
Silk Fabric
Silk, the favorite fabric of many girls out there, is also a Chinese invention. Although we all know that silk is made by silkworms, it was Chinese people who first invented a way to harvest the silk and then use it to make clothes. The oldest silk which has been found so far is in Henan Province and dates back to 3630 BC.
21. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ________.
A. people in the US like alcohol
B. beer was popular in the Xia Dynasty
C. Yi Di and Du Kang invented alcohol by accident
D. the author didn’t know alcohol is a Chinese invention
22. The author asks the question in Paragraph 4 to show ________.
A. ancient Chinese inventors were wiser
B. many things in our lives are incomplete
C. ancient Chinese people never wasted time
D. the invention of the mechanical clock is important
23. Which of the following invention has a longer history?
A. Tea. B. Alcohol.
C. Silk fabric. D. The mechanical clock.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了四种中国的发明：酒、茶、机械钟以及丝绸的情况。
21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Shocked? I was because when they said alcohol I thought about either the US or the UK.（震惊吗?因为当他们说到酒的时候，我想到的不是美国就是英国。）可推测，作者并不知道酒是一项中国发明。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二句A clock really is an invention without which things were incomplete.（时钟确实是一项没有它一切都会不完整的发明。）可知，第四段第一句提出的问题是为了说明机械钟发明的重要性。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。分析四项发明可知：酒大约是公元前2000年到公元前1600年发明的；茶叶大约在公元前2737年；机械钟表是在618年和907年；丝绸产于河南省，可追溯到公元前3630年。综上可知，丝绸的历史更久远，故选C。
B
It was a dark night. Thick, dark, gray clouds had made sure that there was no starlight or moonlight to greet me as I walked out on my porch. Still, I kept the porch light off because I didn’t want to be surrounded by bugs and moths (飞蛾) on this sticky summer evening. I stood there for a while letting my eyes adjust to the lack of light. My dog stood beside me waiting patiently for me to start her walk. It was then, though, that I saw them. First one blink of light at the far end of the meadow was followed by another and then another. I smiled. I recognized them at once as my firefly friends, who always showed up this time of the year.
I got so much joy watching them first as a child and then as an adult. They never became dull or boring and they always filled me with delight. When I was little I used to sit in the grass and watch them slowly fly around blinking on and off. I never caught and put one in a jar as some kids did because I was afraid I might kill it and I never wanted to hurt these messengers (信使) of light. Their time on this earth was so brief as it was. l tried to enjoy them each night they were here. It always saddened me when they disappeared in the fall and it always made my heart sing when they reappeared the next summer.
I think I enjoy these little fireflies so much because I can see that we are like them in a lot of ways. Our time here on earth is brief. Often our light and love are more like on and off blinks rather than a steady shine. Let’s share our light and love while we are here then.
24. Why did the author turn off his porch light?
A. To walk his dog. B. To adapt to surroundings.
C. To avoid some insects. D. To greet special friends.
25. What can we know about fireflies?
A. They always saddened the author. B. Most kids caught and killed them.
C. The author watched them every night. D. They usually brightened the author.
26. What does the author mainly want to convey through the story?
A. Value our short life in the world.
B. Protect fireflies as well as possible.
C. Devote ourselves as much as possible.
D. Share as many inspiring stories as possible.
27. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Human’s Best Friends B. Messengers of Light
C. A Special Summer Night D. Fireflies — Shinning Forever
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在黑暗的夏夜中行走，又遇到熟悉的萤火虫朋友。作者喜欢萤火虫在夏夜给人们带来了亮光，它们虽然在世间的时间短暂，但是却给人们带来了宝贵的亮光。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Still, I kept the porch light off because I didn’t want to be surrounded by bugs and moths (飞蛾) on this sticky summer evening.(尽管如此，我还是把门廊的灯关了，因为我不想在这个闷热的夏夜被虫子和飞蛾包围)”可知，作者关掉门厅灯是因为不想受到小虫子和飞蛾的围绕扰。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I got so much joy watching them first as a child and then as an adult. They never became dull or boring and they always filled me with delight. (当我还是个孩子，然后是成年人的时候，我看到了很多乐趣。它们从未变得沉闷或乏味，它们总是让我充满喜悦)”可知，作者很喜欢观察它们，它们总是给作者带来欢乐。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容，特别是“Let’s share our light and love while we are here then. (让我们在这里分享我们的光和爱)”可知，作者写本篇文章的目的就是建议我们要和萤火虫一样，虽然是短暂地发出亮光，但是我们也要在有限的时间里尽量分享出我们的光和爱。故选C。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文可知，作者喜欢萤火虫在夏夜给人们带来了亮光，它们虽然在世间的时间短暂，但是却给人们带来了宝贵的亮光，为光之使者。故B项标题“Messengers of Light(光的信使)”最能体现出文章作者的用意和萤火虫的特点。故选B。
C
The first typewriters were big heavy metal machines that worked a bit like a piano Have you ever seen the inside of a real piano? You press a key and some levers( 杠杆) make a small tool inside hit just the right piano string to make a note. Early typewriters were similar.They had all these levers with a metal letter at the end of each of them.You had to press a letter key quite hard to make the metal lever fly across and hit the paper.
The first machine did have the letter keys in the order of the letters we learn. But the trouble was that if you hit two keys quickly the levers would jam(卡住). Jams were most likely when the two keys were close together on the keyboard.
Christopher Sholes, an American inventor, succeeded in dealing with the problem.He tried many ways to avoid the need to type two keys that were close together. The best way he could find was similar to the QWERTY keyboard we all use today.
Sholes also made the name of his machine easy to type. He placed on the same line all the letters of the words"type"and "writer".He sold his invention to the Remington Company which built and sold the first successful typewriters.Later, many other kinds of the letter keys have been tried. Some are said to be easier to learn or faster to use. But none has proved good enough to beat QWERTY.
QWERTY was developed for the English language. The keyboard slightly differs around the world. For example AZERTY is commonly used for French, QWERTZ for German,and QZERTY for Italian. Perhaps you can find someone from India, Japan or Korea. Ask them to show you the keyboard they use in their language.
28. What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph?
A. To explain the difference between the typewriter and the piano.
B. To show how the piano influenced the typewriter.
C. To tell why the typewriter was invented.
D. To explain how the early typewriter worked.
29. Why did Christopher Sholes change the order of the letters on the keyboard?
A. To make people type quickly.
B. To solve the jam problem.
C. To help people remember it easily.
D. To put frequently used letters together.
30. What do we know about the QWERTY keyboard from Paragraph 4?
A. It was doubted at first.
B. It still needs to be improved.
C. It's better than other keyboards.
D. It made the Remington Company successful.
31 What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. The keyboard is changing over time.
B. The word "QWERTY"is out of date.
C. The QWERTY keyboard is very popular.
D. The keyboard changes with some languages.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了打字机键盘的发展历程。打字机键盘随着某些语言的变化而变化着。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The first typewriters were big heavy metal machines that worked a bit like a piano. Have you ever seen the inside of a real piano? You press a key and some levers( 杠杆) make a small tool inside hit just the right piano string to make a note. Early typewriters were similar.”( 第一代打字机是大型的重金属机器，工作起来有点像钢琴。你见过真正钢琴的内部吗?你按下一个键，里面的杠杆，正好敲击钢琴的琴弦来产生音符。早期的打字机也是类似的工作原理。)由此判断出，作者写第一段的目的解释早期打字机的工作原理。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“. But the trouble was that if you hit two keys quickly the levers would jam(卡住). Jams were most likely when the two keys were close together on the keyboard.” (但问题是，如果你快速按两个键，杠杆就会卡住。当键盘上的两个键靠得很近时，最有可能出现卡壳。)根据第三段“Christopher Sholes, an American inventor, succeeded in dealing with the problem.” Christopher Sholes，(一个美国发明家，成功地解决了这个问题。)由此可知，为什么克里斯托弗·肖尔斯改变了键盘上字母的顺序是为了解决堵塞问题。故选B项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Later, many other kinds of the letter keys have been tried. Some are said to be easier to learn or faster to use. But none has proved good enough to beat QWERTY.”(后来，人们尝试了许多其他种类的字母键盘。有些据说更容易学习或使用更快。但是，没有一个被证明足以打败QWERTY键盘。)由此可知，QWERTY键盘好于其它键盘。故选C项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“QWERTY was developed for the English language. The keyboard slightly differs around the world. For example AZERTY is commonly used for French, QWERTZ for German,and QZERTY for Italian. Perhaps you can find someone from India, Japan or Korea. Ask them to show you the keyboard they use in their language.” (QWERTY是为英语开发的。世界各地的键盘略有不同。例如，AZERTY通常用于法语，QWERTZ是德语，QZERTY是意大利语。也许你能找到来自印度、日本或韩国的人。让他们向你展示他们语言中使用的键盘。)由此可知。最后一段主要讲键盘随着某些语言的变化而变化。故选D项。
D
Scientists often compare coral reefs (珊瑚礁) to underwater rainforests, yet unlike the leafy plant base of a forest, corals are animals. The soft creatures are naturally half-transparent and get their brilliant color from algae (藻类) living inside them. When corals experience stress from hot temperatures or pollution, they halt the interdependent relationship with algae, typically pushing them out and turning white. Corals are still alive when they are white, but they’re at risk and many eventually die, turning dark brown.
Scientists around the world are looking for means to protect and maybe increase corals. One common option is to create more protected areas — essentially national parks in the ocean. Beyond nature preserves, some conservationists are looking for more hands-on methods. One research center in the Florida Keys is exploring a form of natural selection to keep corals remaining. The reef system in the Keys has been hit hard by climate change and pollution, which is especially tough, because corals there help support fisheries worth $ 100 million every year.
To keep the wild ecosystem alive, Erinn Muller, the center’s director, and her team are harvesting samples of the corals that survived the environmental stress naturally, keeping them to make them reproduce, and then reattaching them to the reef. They have 46,000 corals on plastic frames under the sea. So far, the center has regrown over 70,000 corals from five different species on damaged reefs.
In the Bahamas, Ross Cunning, a research biologist at Chicago’s Shedd Aquarium, focuses on corals with genes that could make them natural candidates for restoration projects. He published a study of two Bahamian reefs, one that survived an extreme 2015 heat wave, and one that didn’t. “We think their ability to deal with these higher temperatures is built into their genes,” says Cunning. There’s evidence of corals evolving more quickly to resist rapidly warming climate. The big question scientists need to investigate, adds Gunning, is how much more heat corals can adapt to.
32. What does the underlined word “halt” in the first paragraph mean?
A. Weaken. B. Develop. C. Strengthen. D. End.
33. What do Muller and her team do to save corals?
A. Restore the damaged reefs. B. Grow corals underwater.
C. Create more protected areas. D. Move corals to unpolluted areas.
34. What do Cunning’s words suggest?
A. Many corals have been genetically improved.
B. Cooling down the waters is the key to rescuing corals.
C. The highest temperature corals can survive is unclear.
D. Reasons for corals surviving heat waves need investigation.
35. Which is the text mainly about?
A. The efforts made to save corals.
B. The impact of climate warming on corals.
C. The survival crisis faced by coral reefs.
D. The relationship between corals and algae.
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了科学家们为保护珊瑚而做出的努力。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“The soft creatures are naturally half-transparent and get their brilliant color from algae (藻类) living inside them. (这种柔软的生物天生是半透明的，它们鲜艳的颜色来自于体内的藻类。)”可知，珊瑚的颜色来自藻类，当珊瑚受到高温或污染的压力时，它们会停止与藻类的相互依赖关系，通常会将它们赶出体内，然后变成白色，由此可知画线词词义为“结束、停止”，故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“To keep the wild ecosystem alive, Erinn Muller, the center’s director, and her team are harvesting samples of the corals that survived the environmental stress naturally, keeping them to make them reproduce, and then reattaching them to the reef. They have 46,000 corals on plastic frames under the sea. So far, the center has regrown over 70,000 corals from five different species on damaged reefs. (为了保持野生生态系统的活力，该中心主任Erinn Muller和她的团队正在收集那些在环境压力下自然存活下来的珊瑚样本，让它们繁殖，然后将它们重新附着在珊瑚礁上。他们在海底的塑料框架上有46000个珊瑚。到目前为止，该中心已经在受损的珊瑚礁上重新生长了超过7万个不同种类的珊瑚)”可知，为了保护生态系统和珊瑚，Erinn Muller和她的团队在海底的塑料框架上种珊瑚。故选B项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“There’s evidence of corals evolving more quickly to resist rapidly warming climate. The big question scientists need to investigate, adds Gunning, is how much more heat corals can adapt to. (有证据表明，珊瑚进化得更快，以抵御气候迅速变暖。Gunning补充说，科学家需要调查的一个大问题是珊瑚还能适应多高的温度)”可知，科学家对珊瑚能存活的最高温度尚不清楚。故选C项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Scientists around the world are looking for means to protect and maybe increase corals. (世界各地的科学家都在寻找保护甚至增加珊瑚的方法)”和例举各地科学家的具体做法可知，本文主要介绍为保护珊瑚做出的努力。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As we know, mental health is in a worse situation among young people globally. ___36___ This not only lowers quality of life, but has a negative impact on a teenager’s growth. To get at the root causes of this decline, a group of scientists conducted a study and found the combination of high screen time and low “green time” greatly affects mental well-being. Children nowadays spend more time than ever in front of electronic devices.
The average daily screen time for 8-to-18-year-olds was 7.5 hours in the U. S. ten years ago. As the study states, “This greatly goes above guidelines of 2 hours per day.” Now the condition is worse by the fact that so many schools are using technology to teach classes. Indeed some screen time can promote connections and enable tasks to be done more efficiently. ___37__ In addition to troubling nerve stimulation, too much screen time takes the place of important protective behaviors for mental health such as physical activity, getting adequate sleep and academic activities.
The study authors suggest that green time could act as a cure for screen time, essentially balancing its negative effects. ___38___ The attention systems can be restored in natural environment when they are worn out, because they employ involuntary attention there, which is not tiring or effortful.
___39___ The great nature could potentially function as a psychological well-being promotion intervention (干预) for children and teenagers in a high-tech era. This knowledge could be a guide to public health departments that are struggling to restore happiness and cheer in countless anxious teenagers. ___40___
A. Teenagers urgently need more green time.
B. Screen-based technology makes kids less attentive.
C. The frequency of depression and anxiety is increasing.
D. There are many more ways, nevertheless , in which it is harmful.
E. It suggests more outdoor projects like building parks could be fundamental.
F. Paying constant directed attention to screens can raise directed attention tiredness.
G. This study highlights that nature may currently be a potential public health resource.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. F 39. G 40. E
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。由于电子设备的高频使用，全球年轻人精神方面的问题出现了大幅度的增加。一项研究表明，通过亲近大自然获得绿色时间能够有效帮助青少年重塑心理健康。
【36题详解】
空处前一句表示全球年轻人的精神健康处于一种更差的情形中，结合后一句“This not only lowers quality of life, but has a negative impact on a teenager’s growth（这不仅会降低生活质量，而且会对青少年的成长产生负面影响）.”推测，空处应该描写具体的精神健康差的表现，C选项“The frequency of depression and anxiety is increasing（抑郁和焦虑的频度正在上升）.”符合此处语境。故选C项。
【37题详解】
空处前一句“Indeed some screen time can promote connections and enable tasks to be done more efficiently（事实上，一些屏幕时间可以促进连接，使任务更有效地完成）. ”陈述运用电子设备教学的优点；空前后一句“In addition to troubling nerve stimulation, too much screen time takes the place of important protective behaviors for mental health such as physical activity, getting adequate sleep and academic activities（除了神经刺激之外，过多的屏幕时间还取代了对心理健康的重要保护行为，如体育活动、充足的睡眠和学术活动）.”推测，空处语句进行转折连接，D选项“There are many more ways, nevertheless, in which it is harmful（然而，它还有许多有害的方面）”表示转折，引起下文。故选D项。
【38题详解】
空处前一句讲述了“green time（绿色时间）”对于治疗屏幕时间的负面影响起到重要作用，空后一句“The attention systems can be restored in natural environment when they are worn out, because they employ involuntary attention there, which is not tiring or effortful（当注意力系统疲惫不堪时，它们可以在自然环境中恢复，因为它们在自然环境中使用不自觉的注意力，这并不累人，也不费力）.”表达注意力可以在自然环境中得到恢复；F选项“Paying constant directed attention to screens can raise directed attention tiredness（持续关注屏幕会引起定向注意力疲劳）.”中的“attention”与下一句的“attention”对应。故选F项。
【39题详解】
空处为本段的总起句，后一句“The great nature could potentially function as a psychological well-being promotion intervention for children and teenagers in a high-tech era（在高科技时代，大自然有可能成为儿童和青少年心理健康促进干预的潜在功能）.”描述了大自然在治愈心理健康方面的积极作用；G选项“This study highlights that nature may currently be a potential public health resource（这项研究强调，自然目前可能是一种潜在的公共卫生资源）.”中的“potential”与下一句中的“potentially”对应，且句首“This study”与上一段句首“The study”对应。故选G项。
【40题详解】
空处前一句描述公共卫生部门正在利用该知识重建青少年的心理健康，E选项“It suggests more outdoor projects like building parks could be fundamental（报告指出，修建公园等更多的户外项目可能是基础）.”为具体的措施，作为补充，符合此处语境。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The measure of a man's real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out. --Thomas Macaulay
Some thirty years ago, I was studying in a public school in New York. One day, Mrs. Nanette O’Neill gave a math ____41____ to our class. When the papers were marked, she discovered that twelve boys had made the same mistakes throughout the test.
“There is really nothing new about ____42____ in the exams. Perhaps that was why Mrs. O’Neill didn’t even say a word about it. She only asked the twelve boys to
____43____after class. I was one of the twelve.
Mrs O’Neill asked ____44____questions, and she didn’t ____45____ us either." She wrote on the blackboard the ____46____words by Thomas Macaulay. She then ordered us to ____47____ these words into our exercise books one hundred times.
I don’t ____48____about the other eleven boys. Speaking for myself I can say: it was the most important single ____49____of my life. Thirty years after being introduced to Macaulay's words, they ____50____ seem to me the best yardstick(准绳), because they give me a ____51____to measure myself rather than others.
____52____of us are asked to make great decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle. But all of us are called upon daily to make a great many personal decisions. ____53____the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket or turned over to the policeman? Should the extra change received at the store be forgotten or ____54___? Nobody will know except ____55____. But you have to live with yourself, and it is always better to live with someone you respect.
41. A. exercise B. test C. problem D. lesson
42. A. lying B. guessing C. cheating D. discussing
43. A. come B. leave C. remain D. apologize
44. A. many B. no C. a great deal of D. a number of
45. A. gather B. reject C. help D. scold
46. A. above B. common C. following D. usual
47. A. whisper B. illustrate C. copy D. fold
48. A. worry B. hear C. talk D. know
49. A. chance B. accident C. lesson D. feature
50. A. even B. still C. therefore D. however
51. A. way B. sentence C. choice D. reason
52. A. All B. Few C. Some D. None
53. A. Must B. Should C. Need D. Would
54. A. paid B. remembered C. contained D. returned
55. A. me B. you C. us D. them
【答案】
41. B 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. B 53. B 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者回忆了当年作弊的情景，老师的教诲影响了作者一生。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，Nanette O’Neill 夫人给我们班进行数学测试。A. exercise练习，运动；B. test测试；C. problem问题；D. lesson课。由下一句中的“the test”可知，此处指进行数学测试。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：考试作弊确实不是什么新鲜事。A. lying撒谎；B. guessing猜想；C. cheating欺骗，作弊；D. discussing讨论。由上文“she discovered that twelve boys had made the same mistakes throughout the test”可知，老师发现有12个男孩在考试中犯的错误相同，所以此处指 “作弊”。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她只是让这12个男孩放学后留下来。A. come来；B. leave离开；C. remain留下，逗留；D. apologize道歉。根据下文老师让他们抄写名言可知，老师让他们放学后留下来。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词（短语）辨析。句意：O’Neill夫人没有问问题，她也没有责怪我们。A. many许多的；B. no没有；C. a great deal of大量的；D. a number of许多。根据空后的either(也)及下文“She wrote on the blackboard…”可知，此处是否定句，指老师没有问问题。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：O’Neill夫人没有问问题，她也没有责怪我们。A. gather聚集；B. reject拒绝；C. help帮助；D. scold责怪。根据上文内容可知，12个男孩作弊，此处指老师没有责怪他们。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她在黑板上写了上面Thomas Macaulay的话。A. above上述的，以上；B. common共同的，普遍的；C. following接下来的；D. usual平常的。此处指文章第一段Thomas Macaulay的名言，above符合语境。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她让我们把这些话抄在练习本上一百遍。A. whisper耳语；B. illustrate举例说明；C. copy抄写，复制；D. fold折叠。结合“into our exercise books”可知，此处指“抄写”在练习本上。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道其他11个男孩的事。A. worry担心；B. hear听见；C. talk谈论；D. know知道。下文描述这件事对作者的影响，所以此处指“我不知道对别人的影响”。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就我个人而言，我可以说：这是我人生中最重要的一个教训。A. chance机会；B. accident事故；C. lesson课，教训；D. feature特点。由下文“they 10 seem to me the best yardstick(准绳)”可知，作者一直以此为准绳，所以这是作者人生中最重要的一个教训。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：接触到Thomas Macaulay的话三十年后，它们似乎仍然是最好的准绳，因为它们给了我一种方法来衡量自己，而不是别人。A. even甚至；B. still仍然；C. therefore因此； D. however然而。此处指三十年过去了，这句话仍然是作者的行为准绳。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：接触到Thomas Macaulay的话三十年后，它们似乎仍然是最好的准绳，因为它们给了我一种方法来衡量自己，而不是别人。A. way方法；B. sentence句子；C. choice选择；D. reason原因。此处指这句话给了作者衡量自己的方法。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：我们中很少有人被要求做出关于国家进行战争或军队进行战斗的重大决定。A. All所有；B. Few少数；C. Some一些（人、物）；D. None没有（人、物）。由下一句“But all of us are called upon…”可知，本句与下一句是转折关系，所以此处指“我们中很少有人”。故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查情态动词辨析。句意：在街上捡到的钱包应该装进口袋还是交给警察？A. Must必须；B. Should应该；C. Need需要；D. Would将要。此处和下一句“Should the extra change received…”句式一致，故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：商店多收的零钱是应该忘记还是要退还？A. paid支付；B. remembered记住；C. contained包含；D. returned返回，归还。结合语境可知，此处是指“归还”。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：除了你，没有人知道。A. me我；B. you你；C. us我们；D. them他们。根据上文内容可知，Thomas Macaulay的话是衡量自己的方法，结合下一句“But you have to live with yourself”可知，此处指“除了你自己，没有人知道”。故选B项。
【点睛】
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Having lived and worked in several countries across three continents, Wong Yi-lok ____56____ (consider) a worldwide citizen by many of his friends. ____57____, despite his many years abroad, Wong believes one must know where he or she comes from. A co-founder of three educational startups, Wong has a strong desire ____58____ (contribute) to the advancement of online education in his country. He hopes to expand the worldview of young people so that they might have better ____59____ (opportunity).
Last year, Wong hosted more than 100 hours of ____60____ (globe) online meetings with education experts, ____61____ (include) the opening session of the Worldwide MOOC Conference on Dec. 11, attracting more than 10 million live attendees. MOOC refers to free online courses, ____62____ are made available over the Internet to a very large number of people.
Thought Wong’s parents never had the chance to go to college, they were aware of the importance of education. When ____63____ (send) to study in the United Kingdom, Wong was 10 years old. ____64____ didn’t take long for him to adapt to living alone in a foreign country. All the overseas volunteer projects Wong participated in during his college days _____65_____ (strength) his determination to devote himself to the field of education.
【答案】
56. is considered
57. However
58. to contribute
59. opportunities
60. global 61. including
62. which 63. sent
64. It 64. strengthened
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了Wong Yi-lok希望为中国在线教育的发展做出贡献。
【56题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：Wong Yi-lok曾在三个大洲的几个国家生活和工作，他的许多朋友认为他是一个世界公民。分析句子结构可知，此处为句子的谓语动词。根据全文的时态和句意可知，此处陈述客观事实需要用一般过去时。主语Wong Yi-lok是单数且与谓语动词consider是被动关系。故填is considered。
【57题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，尽管他在国外多年，Wong认为一个人必须知道他或她来自哪里。根据句意可知，前文说到朋友认为Wong是一个世界公民，此处Wong认为一个人必须知道自己来自何处，所以此处存在转折关系。故填However。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Wong是三家教育初创公司的联合创始人，他强烈希望为中国在线教育的发展做出贡献。固定短语have a desire to do sth.译为“渴望做某事”。故填to contribute。
【59题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：他希望扩大年轻人的世界观，让他们有更好的机会。根据主语they可知，此处表达“给年轻人提供更好的机会”，所以要用可数名词opportunity的复数形式。故填opportunities。
【60题详解】
考查形容词。句意：去年，Wong主持了100多个小时的全球教育专家在线会议，其中包括12月11日的全球MOOC大会开幕式，吸引了1000多万现场参与者。根据空格后的名词meetings可知，此处填入形容词global作定语。故填global。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意见上一题。根据句意可知，此处表达“其中包括12月11日的全球MOOC大会开幕式”。表示“包括”，需要使用介词including。故填including。
【62题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：MOOC指的是通过互联网向大量人群提供的免费在线课程。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句。先行词free online courses是物，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【63题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：当Wong被送到英国学习时，他才10岁。在状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句有be动词时，则省去主语和be动词。所以完整的状语从句为When he was sent to study in the United Kingdom，省去主语和be动词后为When sent to study in the United Kingdom。故填sent。
【64题详解】
考查形式主语。句意：没过多久他就适应了独自在外国生活。固定句型“It take some time for sb. to do sth.”译为“花某人多少时间做某事”。在这个句型中it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。故填It。
【65题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：大学期间参加的所有海外志愿者项目都坚定了他投身教育领域的决心。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，需要将名词strength变为动词strengthen来作谓语动词。根据句中的participated in可知，句子陈述过去发生的事实，需要用一般过去时。主语All the overseas volunteer projects和谓语动词strengthen是主动关系。故填strengthened。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66.假定你是李华，近期你校举办了主题为“美丽中国”的现场国画（traditional Chinese painting）比赛。请为校报英文专栏写一篇活动报道。内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点：
2. 活动概况：
3. 活动意义。
注意：
1. 词数100左右：
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Beautiful China in Traditional Chinese Painting
Last Friday witnessed a traditional Chinese painting competition “Beautiful China” on campus, which has sparked a growing love for traditional art.
Over one hundred students participated in the competition. As the competition began, participants laid out the paper, picked up the paintbrush and gave full play to their talent, displaying the beauty of our motherland. Two hours later, the competition came to an end. The results will be announced in two days, and the winning entries will be on show in the exhibition hall.
Most of the students think highly of this live painting competition, which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.
【解析】
【分析】本文书面表达属于应用文，要求写一篇英文活动报告。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇是一篇英文活动报告：近期你校举办了主题为“美丽中国”的现场国画（traditional Chinese painting）比赛。请为校报英文专栏写一篇活动报道。内容包括：
1.活动时间、地点：2. 活动概况：3. 活动意义。
第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：traditional Chinese painting（国画）；“Beautiful China”（美丽中国）；participated in the competition.（参加比赛）；be on show in the exhibition hall.（在展览厅展览）；explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.（探索中国美丽和体验中国艺术魅力）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如： participate in，pick up，be on show等高级词汇；非限制性定语从句Last Friday witnessed a traditional Chinese painting competition “Beautiful China” on campus, which has sparked a growing love for traditional art.和Most of the students think highly of this live painting competition, which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art. 现在分词作状语As the competition began, participants laid out the paper, picked up the paintbrush and gave full play to their talent, displaying the beauty of our motherland.等高级句式。
第二节：读后续写（满分 25 分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Doing something meaningful can also gain special pleasure. When the final bell rang, the students were reminded that there was no school on Monday — the Labor Day. "Enjoy your extra day off," said the teacher to her class. An extra day of fun suited Kayla just fine. She loved breaks. She wanted to go out to play with her friends. When the school bus dropped Kayla off, she ran into the house happily.
“How was school, Kayla?” asked her mom. Kayla's mom with a laugh.
Kayla slept in the next morning. Saturday was her favorite day of the week. It rains most of the day, so Kayla enjoyed playing video games inside. On Sunday, her friends came over and they played basketball of several hours.
Then it was Labor Day, you know, the extra day off that Kayla was so looking forward to. But Kayla was awakened early that morning by her dad. He told Kayla that in honor of Labor Day, the family would be cleaning both inside and outside the house. Kayla couldn't believe it. This was a holiday. A day when she was supposed to be enjoying freshly squeezed lemonade while playing in her tree house. As Kayla wiped her eyes she began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.
"Kayla, your breakfast is ready. We have a lot of work to do today. Let's get a move on," said Kayla's mom. As she sat down at the kitchen table, Kayla asked her parents.
“Are you serious about working today? Isn't Labor Day a holiday?"
"Yes, Kayla. It is," replied her dad. "But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you appreciate why Labor Day was observed in the first place."
Paragraph 1:
At first, Kayla felt disappointed at her parents' plan for the holiday
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
But things began to change as she was doing the chores
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph1：
At first, Kayla felt disappointed at her parents’plan for the holiday. How eagerly she wanted to go to out to play with her friends! She was against the annoying plan from the bottom of her heart, but she had no choice. First, Kayla was arranged to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, she was asked to give their puppy a bath. She knew it was a hard task, which needed a lot of tiring, careful and patient work. She has begun the work with great unwillingness.
Paragraph 2：
But things began to change as she was doing the chores. Brushing the puppy, she found it was a lot of fun with so many soap bubbles. Then it was on to yard work where Kayla helped to pick up sticks. She pretended the small sticks were basketballs, and shot them into a large trash can. So the work was done with great pleasure. Kayla felt proud to see how much better the yard looked. When she finished her meaningful chores, Kayla enjoyed relaxing in her tree house. The lemonade tasted wonderful after a hard day of work.
【解析】
【分析】本文以时间发展为线索展开，主要记叙了本来以为劳动节放假可以休息的Kayla，早上被爸爸吵醒，告诉她为了庆祝劳动节，全家会打扫屋子内外。Kayla不明白，父亲告诉她这么做是为了让她明白劳动节的由来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一开始，Kayla对父母的假期计划感到失望。”可知，后文应该是讲述Kayla内心对这个计划的看法，她虽然反对，但是也别无选择。讲述了Kayla做家务的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“但随着她开始做家务，情况开始发生变化。”可知，第二段可描写Kayla在做家务过程中的感受，她发现了做家务的乐趣，觉得做家务有意义。
2.续写线索：
感到失望——内心感受——做家务的过程——态度转变——发现乐趣——享受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①打算：plan/intend to do/manage to do
②洗澡：take a bath/have a bath
③开始做：start/begin to do/set about
④享受：enjoy/appreciate
情绪类
①渴望：be eager /anxious/to do
②讨厌的：tiresome/boring
③骄傲的：be proud of/take pride in
【点睛】[高分句型1]
How eagerly she wanted to go to out to play with her friends!（运用了感叹句）
[高分句型2]
When she finished her meaningful chores, Kayla enjoyed relaxing in her tree house.（运用了时间状语从句）
绝密★启用前
人教（2019）版高中英语选择性必修第一册
Unit 1 People of achievement
单元质量检测试题
时间：120分钟 分值：150
第一部分：听力测试（共两节，20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是 C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers probably doing?
A. Learning a line. B. Shooting a film. C. Buying a camera.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Cut. Start from the top! Leo, please, let's try that line again with more enthusiasm.
M: I'm trying. It's getting late, and we've been shooting this scene for hours.
W: Your character is falling in love. Show us some emotion! Cameramen, get ready to shoot!
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why did the man go to Beijing last weekend?
A. To meet his friend. B. To do shopping. C. To have lunch.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Last weekend I took the train to Beijing to meet my friend and he invited me to have lunch. How about you?
W: I went there too. I just went window shopping with my friends, but I didn’t buy anything. I’m trying to save money.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man mean?
A. He has been out of work. B. He dislikes his present job. C. He refused the job offer.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: How are things?
M: Not that great. I’m looking for a new job actually.
W: Really? That’s a shame.
M: I know. I really liked that job.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man have to do now?
A. Finish checking his reference. B. Complete the research. C. Put the material in order.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: How are you getting along with your research paper?
M: I’ve finished all my research, but I haven’t been able to organize it, so I haven’t begun the paper yet.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why didn't Mary sleep well?
A. She had a headache.
B. She had a stomachache.
C. She was troubled by the noise.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: What’s the matter with you, Mary? You look tired.
W: I didn’t sleep well last night.
M: A stomachache or a headache?
W: Neither. It was the noise almost drove me mad.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每 小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How will the man travel with his friends this winter vacation ?
A. By motorcycle. B. By bicycle. C. By tricycle.
7. What do they collect money for ?
A. The Education Project. B. The wild life. C. The disabled people.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: What are you planning to do with your friends this winter vacation ?
M: We are planning to travel.
W: Where are you traveling ?
M: To San Francisco, Los Angeles, New York and Boston.
W: How are you going ?
M: By motorcycle.
W: By motorcycle ? How long will it take ?
M: Three weeks.
W: Why are you making this trip ?
M: We’re trying to collect money for the wild life project.
W: What will the money be used for ?
M: For rescuing wild deer. They’re disappearing .
W: That sounds like a great idea. Good luck with your trip.
M: Thank you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the woman's favorite subject?
A. Art. B. Spanish. C. History.
9. What does the woman want to be?
A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A journalist.
10. What is the woman planning to do straight after leaving school?
A. Work as a journalist. B. Go travelling. C. Start university.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【原文】M: So, next year you're going to start your A levels. Which subject are you going to choose?
W: I'm surely going to choose Spanish because it is my favorite subject and then I'm not really sure... I'd like to do art but I don't know if it's very useful for my career.
M: What do you want to do?
W: A journalist. That has been my dream since my childhood. So, I guess history or psychology or something is probably more useful for my career.
M: Do you want to go to university?
W: Yeah, but I'm not going to start university straight after I leave school. I'm planning to have a gap year, you know, a break from studying for a while,
M: And what would you like to do in your gap year?
W: I want to travel... I'd like to go to Italy and learn Italian. I don't know if it's really practical but that's my dream.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Schoolmates. B. Workmates. C. Teacher and student.
12. Why did Jeanie come here earlier?
A. To meet her friend. B. To make a good impression. C. To review for the test.
13. What’s Jack’s attitude toward the test?
A. He worries about it. B. He is confident. C. He has to get an A．
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Jeanie. Why have you come to school an hour early?
W: I wanted to get a front row seat and review one more time before the test. Why are you here so early, Jack?
M: I arrive here this time every day. You seem to be nervous about your lessons. Have you finished your review?
W: I’ ve only been studying night and day for the last week. If I don’t get an A in this class, I won’t get the support of my country. Why do you seem so calm?
M: This class is really just a review for me. I’ve been learning it for two years.
W: That’s lucky for you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What do we know about the woman?A. She knew nothing about the band. B. She wants to join the band, too. C. She was a member of the band.
15. How old was the man when he started to play base guitar?
A. 15. B. 16. C. 21.
16. Where does the man usually play music?
A. In the city theatres. B. In the town square. C. In local clubs.
17. Why does the man join the band?
A. To make money. B. To have fun. C. To meet stars.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C 17. B
【解析】
【原文】W: I heard you have joined a band?
M: Yeah.
W: Could you tell me something about the band?
M: Well, it’s called Swedish Bubblegum Punk Band.
W: Oh? I’ve never heard of it before. What exactly is that?
M: I don’t know, but people always call it like this.
W: OK, sounds interesting. What do you play in your band?
M: Base guitar.
W: How long have you been playing it?
M: Well, when I was 15, I began playing the violin and one year later, I learnt to play base guitar. I found it so appealing. I’ve played it for five years.
W: I’m sure you will be a great rock star. Are there any other instruments you can play?
M: Of course, erhu, a Chinese musical instrument.
W: Wow, so nice! Do you tour or do you just play where you live?
M: Well, most of time, we play in local clubs, sometimes on the city square and sometimes in the local theatres.
W: What’s the best thing about being a musician in the band?
M: Well, though I can get paid sometimes and often meet famous stars, I do it just for fun and relaxation. After all, playing music is my hobby, not my full-time job.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. When can the man’s friend begin to take classes if he books his place now?
A. In August. B. In September. C. In December.
19. What kind of classes may the man’s friend prefer?
A. Two-hour grammar ones.
B. Eighty-minute grammar ones.
C. Fifty-minute speaking ones.
20. What does the woman suggest the man should do in the end?
A. Ask his friend to book his place.
B. Pay for the classes right now.
C. Meet the teacher soon.
【答案】18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Westwood English School.
M: Hello. I want to ask about evening classes, please.
W: Yes. But this term will finish at the end of August. We’ll start again on the 22nd of September, and end in December. But you can book your place now. M: It’s for a Chinese friend. He wants an easy class.
W: Well, there’s a two-hour grammar class for beginners.
M: Mm. My friend would like something shorter.
W: Well, we have a fifty-minute speaking class. That would be good for him. The teacher is Miss Jarvis. The students all like her. M: How much does that class cost?
W: It’s ￡7. 50 per class or if you pay for all twelve classes now, it’s only ￡80--it’s cheaper that way.
M: Right.
W: Can your friend come to the school soon and book his place? The address is 223, Fitzroy Square.
M: OK. Thank you.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
When it comes to the greatest inventions of the world, China’s name is sure to be mentioned several times. There are hundreds of things which were invented by the Chinese.
Alcohol
Shocked? I was because when they said alcohol I thought about either the US or the UK. China had never crossed my mind. In China, alcohol was made by two legendary persons named Yi Di and Du Kang who belonged to the Xia Dynasty. This period was about 2000 BC - 1600 BC. Research says that in ancient China, beer with 4% alcoholic content was widely consumed by people.
Tea
China is the proud inventor of tea which was first drunk by Shen Nong, a Chinese emperor around 2737 BC. Tea production was rapidly developed, making tea a popular drink during the Tang and Song Dynasties.
The Mechanical Clock
Have you ever wondered what on earth we would be doing without any idea of time? A clock really is an invention without which things were incomplete. The credit of making the first mechanical clock goes to ancient China. The first mechanical clock was invented by Yi Xing in the Tang Dynasty. This was during 618 and 907.
Silk Fabric
Silk, the favorite fabric of many girls out there, is also a Chinese invention. Although we all know that silk is made by silkworms, it was Chinese people who first invented a way to harvest the silk and then use it to make clothes. The oldest silk which has been found so far is in Henan Province and dates back to 3630 BC.
21. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ________.
A. people in the US like alcohol
B. beer was popular in the Xia Dynasty
C. Yi Di and Du Kang invented alcohol by accident
D. the author didn’t know alcohol is a Chinese invention
22. The author asks the question in Paragraph 4 to show ________.
A. ancient Chinese inventors were wiser
B. many things in our lives are incomplete
C. ancient Chinese people never wasted time
D. the invention of the mechanical clock is important
23. Which of the following invention has a longer history?
A. Tea. B. Alcohol.
C. Silk fabric. D. The mechanical clock.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了四种中国的发明：酒、茶、机械钟以及丝绸的情况。
21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Shocked? I was because when they said alcohol I thought about either the US or the UK.（震惊吗?因为当他们说到酒的时候，我想到的不是美国就是英国。）可推测，作者并不知道酒是一项中国发明。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二句A clock really is an invention without which things were incomplete.（时钟确实是一项没有它一切都会不完整的发明。）可知，第四段第一句提出的问题是为了说明机械钟发明的重要性。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。分析四项发明可知：酒大约是公元前2000年到公元前1600年发明的；茶叶大约在公元前2737年；机械钟表是在618年和907年；丝绸产于河南省，可追溯到公元前3630年。综上可知，丝绸的历史更久远，故选C。
B
It was a dark night. Thick, dark, gray clouds had made sure that there was no starlight or moonlight to greet me as I walked out on my porch. Still, I kept the porch light off because I didn’t want to be surrounded by bugs and moths (飞蛾) on this sticky summer evening. I stood there for a while letting my eyes adjust to the lack of light. My dog stood beside me waiting patiently for me to start her walk. It was then, though, that I saw them. First one blink of light at the far end of the meadow was followed by another and then another. I smiled. I recognized them at once as my firefly friends, who always showed up this time of the year.
I got so much joy watching them first as a child and then as an adult. They never became dull or boring and they always filled me with delight. When I was little I used to sit in the grass and watch them slowly fly around blinking on and off. I never caught and put one in a jar as some kids did because I was afraid I might kill it and I never wanted to hurt these messengers (信使) of light. Their time on this earth was so brief as it was. l tried to enjoy them each night they were here. It always saddened me when they disappeared in the fall and it always made my heart sing when they reappeared the next summer.
I think I enjoy these little fireflies so much because I can see that we are like them in a lot of ways. Our time here on earth is brief. Often our light and love are more like on and off blinks rather than a steady shine. Let’s share our light and love while we are here then.
24. Why did the author turn off his porch light?
A. To walk his dog. B. To adapt to surroundings.
C. To avoid some insects. D. To greet special friends.
25. What can we know about fireflies?
A. They always saddened the author. B. Most kids caught and killed them.
C. The author watched them every night. D. They usually brightened the author.
26. What does the author mainly want to convey through the story?
A. Value our short life in the world.
B. Protect fireflies as well as possible.
C. Devote ourselves as much as possible.
D. Share as many inspiring stories as possible.
27. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Human’s Best Friends B. Messengers of Light
C. A Special Summer Night D. Fireflies — Shinning Forever
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在黑暗的夏夜中行走，又遇到熟悉的萤火虫朋友。作者喜欢萤火虫在夏夜给人们带来了亮光，它们虽然在世间的时间短暂，但是却给人们带来了宝贵的亮光。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Still, I kept the porch light off because I didn’t want to be surrounded by bugs and moths (飞蛾) on this sticky summer evening.(尽管如此，我还是把门廊的灯关了，因为我不想在这个闷热的夏夜被虫子和飞蛾包围)”可知，作者关掉门厅灯是因为不想受到小虫子和飞蛾的围绕扰。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I got so much joy watching them first as a child and then as an adult. They never became dull or boring and they always filled me with delight. (当我还是个孩子，然后是成年人的时候，我看到了很多乐趣。它们从未变得沉闷或乏味，它们总是让我充满喜悦)”可知，作者很喜欢观察它们，它们总是给作者带来欢乐。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容，特别是“Let’s share our light and love while we are here then. (让我们在这里分享我们的光和爱)”可知，作者写本篇文章的目的就是建议我们要和萤火虫一样，虽然是短暂地发出亮光，但是我们也要在有限的时间里尽量分享出我们的光和爱。故选C。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文可知，作者喜欢萤火虫在夏夜给人们带来了亮光，它们虽然在世间的时间短暂，但是却给人们带来了宝贵的亮光，为光之使者。故B项标题“Messengers of Light(光的信使)”最能体现出文章作者的用意和萤火虫的特点。故选B。
C
The first typewriters were big heavy metal machines that worked a bit like a piano Have you ever seen the inside of a real piano? You press a key and some levers( 杠杆) make a small tool inside hit just the right piano string to make a note. Early typewriters were similar.They had all these levers with a metal letter at the end of each of them.You had to press a letter key quite hard to make the metal lever fly across and hit the paper.
The first machine did have the letter keys in the order of the letters we learn. But the trouble was that if you hit two keys quickly the levers would jam(卡住). Jams were most likely when the two keys were close together on the keyboard.
Christopher Sholes, an American inventor, succeeded in dealing with the problem.He tried many ways to avoid the need to type two keys that were close together. The best way he could find was similar to the QWERTY keyboard we all use today.
Sholes also made the name of his machine easy to type. He placed on the same line all the letters of the words"type"and "writer".He sold his invention to the Remington Company which built and sold the first successful typewriters.Later, many other kinds of the letter keys have been tried. Some are said to be easier to learn or faster to use. But none has proved good enough to beat QWERTY.
QWERTY was developed for the English language. The keyboard slightly differs around the world. For example AZERTY is commonly used for French, QWERTZ for German,and QZERTY for Italian. Perhaps you can find someone from India, Japan or Korea. Ask them to show you the keyboard they use in their language.
28. What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph?
A. To explain the difference between the typewriter and the piano.
B. To show how the piano influenced the typewriter.
C. To tell why the typewriter was invented.
D. To explain how the early typewriter worked.
29. Why did Christopher Sholes change the order of the letters on the keyboard?
A. To make people type quickly.
B. To solve the jam problem.
C. To help people remember it easily.
D. To put frequently used letters together.
30. What do we know about the QWERTY keyboard from Paragraph 4?
A. It was doubted at first.
B. It still needs to be improved.
C. It's better than other keyboards.
D. It made the Remington Company successful.
31 What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. The keyboard is changing over time.
B. The word "QWERTY"is out of date.
C. The QWERTY keyboard is very popular.
D. The keyboard changes with some languages.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了打字机键盘的发展历程。打字机键盘随着某些语言的变化而变化着。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The first typewriters were big heavy metal machines that worked a bit like a piano. Have you ever seen the inside of a real piano? You press a key and some levers( 杠杆) make a small tool inside hit just the right piano string to make a note. Early typewriters were similar.”( 第一代打字机是大型的重金属机器，工作起来有点像钢琴。你见过真正钢琴的内部吗?你按下一个键，里面的杠杆，正好敲击钢琴的琴弦来产生音符。早期的打字机也是类似的工作原理。)由此判断出，作者写第一段的目的解释早期打字机的工作原理。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“. But the trouble was that if you hit two keys quickly the levers would jam(卡住). Jams were most likely when the two keys were close together on the keyboard.” (但问题是，如果你快速按两个键，杠杆就会卡住。当键盘上的两个键靠得很近时，最有可能出现卡壳。)根据第三段“Christopher Sholes, an American inventor, succeeded in dealing with the problem.” Christopher Sholes，(一个美国发明家，成功地解决了这个问题。)由此可知，为什么克里斯托弗·肖尔斯改变了键盘上字母的顺序是为了解决堵塞问题。故选B项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Later, many other kinds of the letter keys have been tried. Some are said to be easier to learn or faster to use. But none has proved good enough to beat QWERTY.”(后来，人们尝试了许多其他种类的字母键盘。有些据说更容易学习或使用更快。但是，没有一个被证明足以打败QWERTY键盘。)由此可知，QWERTY键盘好于其它键盘。故选C项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“QWERTY was developed for the English language. The keyboard slightly differs around the world. For example AZERTY is commonly used for French, QWERTZ for German,and QZERTY for Italian. Perhaps you can find someone from India, Japan or Korea. Ask them to show you the keyboard they use in their language.” (QWERTY是为英语开发的。世界各地的键盘略有不同。例如，AZERTY通常用于法语，QWERTZ是德语，QZERTY是意大利语。也许你能找到来自印度、日本或韩国的人。让他们向你展示他们语言中使用的键盘。)由此可知。最后一段主要讲键盘随着某些语言的变化而变化。故选D项。
D
Scientists often compare coral reefs (珊瑚礁) to underwater rainforests, yet unlike the leafy plant base of a forest, corals are animals. The soft creatures are naturally half-transparent and get their brilliant color from algae (藻类) living inside them. When corals experience stress from hot temperatures or pollution, they halt the interdependent relationship with algae, typically pushing them out and turning white. Corals are still alive when they are white, but they’re at risk and many eventually die, turning dark brown.
Scientists around the world are looking for means to protect and maybe increase corals. One common option is to create more protected areas — essentially national parks in the ocean. Beyond nature preserves, some conservationists are looking for more hands-on methods. One research center in the Florida Keys is exploring a form of natural selection to keep corals remaining. The reef system in the Keys has been hit hard by climate change and pollution, which is especially tough, because corals there help support fisheries worth $ 100 million every year.
To keep the wild ecosystem alive, Erinn Muller, the center’s director, and her team are harvesting samples of the corals that survived the environmental stress naturally, keeping them to make them reproduce, and then reattaching them to the reef. They have 46,000 corals on plastic frames under the sea. So far, the center has regrown over 70,000 corals from five different species on damaged reefs.
In the Bahamas, Ross Cunning, a research biologist at Chicago’s Shedd Aquarium, focuses on corals with genes that could make them natural candidates for restoration projects. He published a study of two Bahamian reefs, one that survived an extreme 2015 heat wave, and one that didn’t. “We think their ability to deal with these higher temperatures is built into their genes,” says Cunning. There’s evidence of corals evolving more quickly to resist rapidly warming climate. The big question scientists need to investigate, adds Gunning, is how much more heat corals can adapt to.
32. What does the underlined word “halt” in the first paragraph mean?
A. Weaken. B. Develop. C. Strengthen. D. End.
33. What do Muller and her team do to save corals?
A. Restore the damaged reefs. B. Grow corals underwater.
C. Create more protected areas. D. Move corals to unpolluted areas.
34. What do Cunning’s words suggest?
A. Many corals have been genetically improved.
B. Cooling down the waters is the key to rescuing corals.
C. The highest temperature corals can survive is unclear.
D. Reasons for corals surviving heat waves need investigation.
35. Which is the text mainly about?
A. The efforts made to save corals.
B. The impact of climate warming on corals.
C. The survival crisis faced by coral reefs.
D. The relationship between corals and algae.
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了科学家们为保护珊瑚而做出的努力。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“The soft creatures are naturally half-transparent and get their brilliant color from algae (藻类) living inside them. (这种柔软的生物天生是半透明的，它们鲜艳的颜色来自于体内的藻类。)”可知，珊瑚的颜色来自藻类，当珊瑚受到高温或污染的压力时，它们会停止与藻类的相互依赖关系，通常会将它们赶出体内，然后变成白色，由此可知画线词词义为“结束、停止”，故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“To keep the wild ecosystem alive, Erinn Muller, the center’s director, and her team are harvesting samples of the corals that survived the environmental stress naturally, keeping them to make them reproduce, and then reattaching them to the reef. They have 46,000 corals on plastic frames under the sea. So far, the center has regrown over 70,000 corals from five different species on damaged reefs. (为了保持野生生态系统的活力，该中心主任Erinn Muller和她的团队正在收集那些在环境压力下自然存活下来的珊瑚样本，让它们繁殖，然后将它们重新附着在珊瑚礁上。他们在海底的塑料框架上有46000个珊瑚。到目前为止，该中心已经在受损的珊瑚礁上重新生长了超过7万个不同种类的珊瑚)”可知，为了保护生态系统和珊瑚，Erinn Muller和她的团队在海底的塑料框架上种珊瑚。故选B项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“There’s evidence of corals evolving more quickly to resist rapidly warming climate. The big question scientists need to investigate, adds Gunning, is how much more heat corals can adapt to. (有证据表明，珊瑚进化得更快，以抵御气候迅速变暖。Gunning补充说，科学家需要调查的一个大问题是珊瑚还能适应多高的温度)”可知，科学家对珊瑚能存活的最高温度尚不清楚。故选C项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Scientists around the world are looking for means to protect and maybe increase corals. (世界各地的科学家都在寻找保护甚至增加珊瑚的方法)”和例举各地科学家的具体做法可知，本文主要介绍为保护珊瑚做出的努力。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As we know, mental health is in a worse situation among young people globally. ___36___ This not only lowers quality of life, but has a negative impact on a teenager’s growth. To get at the root causes of this decline, a group of scientists conducted a study and found the combination of high screen time and low “green time” greatly affects mental well-being. Children nowadays spend more time than ever in front of electronic devices.
The average daily screen time for 8-to-18-year-olds was 7.5 hours in the U. S. ten years ago. As the study states, “This greatly goes above guidelines of 2 hours per day.” Now the condition is worse by the fact that so many schools are using technology to teach classes. Indeed some screen time can promote connections and enable tasks to be done more efficiently. ___37__ In addition to troubling nerve stimulation, too much screen time takes the place of important protective behaviors for mental health such as physical activity, getting adequate sleep and academic activities.
The study authors suggest that green time could act as a cure for screen time, essentially balancing its negative effects. ___38___ The attention systems can be restored in natural environment when they are worn out, because they employ involuntary attention there, which is not tiring or effortful.
___39___ The great nature could potentially function as a psychological well-being promotion intervention (干预) for children and teenagers in a high-tech era. This knowledge could be a guide to public health departments that are struggling to restore happiness and cheer in countless anxious teenagers. ___40___
A. Teenagers urgently need more green time.
B. Screen-based technology makes kids less attentive.
C. The frequency of depression and anxiety is increasing.
D. There are many more ways, nevertheless , in which it is harmful.
E. It suggests more outdoor projects like building parks could be fundamental.
F. Paying constant directed attention to screens can raise directed attention tiredness.
G. This study highlights that nature may currently be a potential public health resource.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. F 39. G 40. E
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。由于电子设备的高频使用，全球年轻人精神方面的问题出现了大幅度的增加。一项研究表明，通过亲近大自然获得绿色时间能够有效帮助青少年重塑心理健康。
【36题详解】
空处前一句表示全球年轻人的精神健康处于一种更差的情形中，结合后一句“This not only lowers quality of life, but has a negative impact on a teenager’s growth（这不仅会降低生活质量，而且会对青少年的成长产生负面影响）.”推测，空处应该描写具体的精神健康差的表现，C选项“The frequency of depression and anxiety is increasing（抑郁和焦虑的频度正在上升）.”符合此处语境。故选C项。
【37题详解】
空处前一句“Indeed some screen time can promote connections and enable tasks to be done more efficiently（事实上，一些屏幕时间可以促进连接，使任务更有效地完成）. ”陈述运用电子设备教学的优点；空前后一句“In addition to troubling nerve stimulation, too much screen time takes the place of important protective behaviors for mental health such as physical activity, getting adequate sleep and academic activities（除了神经刺激之外，过多的屏幕时间还取代了对心理健康的重要保护行为，如体育活动、充足的睡眠和学术活动）.”推测，空处语句进行转折连接，D选项“There are many more ways, nevertheless, in which it is harmful（然而，它还有许多有害的方面）”表示转折，引起下文。故选D项。
【38题详解】
空处前一句讲述了“green time（绿色时间）”对于治疗屏幕时间的负面影响起到重要作用，空后一句“The attention systems can be restored in natural environment when they are worn out, because they employ involuntary attention there, which is not tiring or effortful（当注意力系统疲惫不堪时，它们可以在自然环境中恢复，因为它们在自然环境中使用不自觉的注意力，这并不累人，也不费力）.”表达注意力可以在自然环境中得到恢复；F选项“Paying constant directed attention to screens can raise directed attention tiredness（持续关注屏幕会引起定向注意力疲劳）.”中的“attention”与下一句的“attention”对应。故选F项。
【39题详解】
空处为本段的总起句，后一句“The great nature could potentially function as a psychological well-being promotion intervention for children and teenagers in a high-tech era（在高科技时代，大自然有可能成为儿童和青少年心理健康促进干预的潜在功能）.”描述了大自然在治愈心理健康方面的积极作用；G选项“This study highlights that nature may currently be a potential public health resource（这项研究强调，自然目前可能是一种潜在的公共卫生资源）.”中的“potential”与下一句中的“potentially”对应，且句首“This study”与上一段句首“The study”对应。故选G项。
【40题详解】
空处前一句描述公共卫生部门正在利用该知识重建青少年的心理健康，E选项“It suggests more outdoor projects like building parks could be fundamental（报告指出，修建公园等更多的户外项目可能是基础）.”为具体的措施，作为补充，符合此处语境。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The measure of a man's real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out. --Thomas Macaulay
Some thirty years ago, I was studying in a public school in New York. One day, Mrs. Nanette O’Neill gave a math ____41____ to our class. When the papers were marked, she discovered that twelve boys had made the same mistakes throughout the test.
“There is really nothing new about ____42____ in the exams. Perhaps that was why Mrs. O’Neill didn’t even say a word about it. She only asked the twelve boys to
____43____after class. I was one of the twelve.
Mrs O’Neill asked ____44____questions, and she didn’t ____45____ us either." She wrote on the blackboard the ____46____words by Thomas Macaulay. She then ordered us to ____47____ these words into our exercise books one hundred times.
I don’t ____48____about the other eleven boys. Speaking for myself I can say: it was the most important single ____49____of my life. Thirty years after being introduced to Macaulay's words, they ____50____ seem to me the best yardstick(准绳), because they give me a ____51____to measure myself rather than others.
____52____of us are asked to make great decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle. But all of us are called upon daily to make a great many personal decisions. ____53____the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket or turned over to the policeman? Should the extra change received at the store be forgotten or ____54___? Nobody will know except ____55____. But you have to live with yourself, and it is always better to live with someone you respect.
41. A. exercise B. test C. problem D. lesson
42. A. lying B. guessing C. cheating D. discussing
43. A. come B. leave C. remain D. apologize
44. A. many B. no C. a great deal of D. a number of
45. A. gather B. reject C. help D. scold
46. A. above B. common C. following D. usual
47. A. whisper B. illustrate C. copy D. fold
48. A. worry B. hear C. talk D. know
49. A. chance B. accident C. lesson D. feature
50. A. even B. still C. therefore D. however
51. A. way B. sentence C. choice D. reason
52. A. All B. Few C. Some D. None
53. A. Must B. Should C. Need D. Would
54. A. paid B. remembered C. contained D. returned
55. A. me B. you C. us D. them
【答案】
41. B 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. B 53. B 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者回忆了当年作弊的情景，老师的教诲影响了作者一生。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，Nanette O’Neill 夫人给我们班进行数学测试。A. exercise练习，运动；B. test测试；C. problem问题；D. lesson课。由下一句中的“the test”可知，此处指进行数学测试。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：考试作弊确实不是什么新鲜事。A. lying撒谎；B. guessing猜想；C. cheating欺骗，作弊；D. discussing讨论。由上文“she discovered that twelve boys had made the same mistakes throughout the test”可知，老师发现有12个男孩在考试中犯的错误相同，所以此处指 “作弊”。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她只是让这12个男孩放学后留下来。A. come来；B. leave离开；C. remain留下，逗留；D. apologize道歉。根据下文老师让他们抄写名言可知，老师让他们放学后留下来。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词（短语）辨析。句意：O’Neill夫人没有问问题，她也没有责怪我们。A. many许多的；B. no没有；C. a great deal of大量的；D. a number of许多。根据空后的either(也)及下文“She wrote on the blackboard…”可知，此处是否定句，指老师没有问问题。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：O’Neill夫人没有问问题，她也没有责怪我们。A. gather聚集；B. reject拒绝；C. help帮助；D. scold责怪。根据上文内容可知，12个男孩作弊，此处指老师没有责怪他们。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她在黑板上写了上面Thomas Macaulay的话。A. above上述的，以上；B. common共同的，普遍的；C. following接下来的；D. usual平常的。此处指文章第一段Thomas Macaulay的名言，above符合语境。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她让我们把这些话抄在练习本上一百遍。A. whisper耳语；B. illustrate举例说明；C. copy抄写，复制；D. fold折叠。结合“into our exercise books”可知，此处指“抄写”在练习本上。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道其他11个男孩的事。A. worry担心；B. hear听见；C. talk谈论；D. know知道。下文描述这件事对作者的影响，所以此处指“我不知道对别人的影响”。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就我个人而言，我可以说：这是我人生中最重要的一个教训。A. chance机会；B. accident事故；C. lesson课，教训；D. feature特点。由下文“they 10 seem to me the best yardstick(准绳)”可知，作者一直以此为准绳，所以这是作者人生中最重要的一个教训。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：接触到Thomas Macaulay的话三十年后，它们似乎仍然是最好的准绳，因为它们给了我一种方法来衡量自己，而不是别人。A. even甚至；B. still仍然；C. therefore因此； D. however然而。此处指三十年过去了，这句话仍然是作者的行为准绳。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：接触到Thomas Macaulay的话三十年后，它们似乎仍然是最好的准绳，因为它们给了我一种方法来衡量自己，而不是别人。A. way方法；B. sentence句子；C. choice选择；D. reason原因。此处指这句话给了作者衡量自己的方法。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：我们中很少有人被要求做出关于国家进行战争或军队进行战斗的重大决定。A. All所有；B. Few少数；C. Some一些（人、物）；D. None没有（人、物）。由下一句“But all of us are called upon…”可知，本句与下一句是转折关系，所以此处指“我们中很少有人”。故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查情态动词辨析。句意：在街上捡到的钱包应该装进口袋还是交给警察？A. Must必须；B. Should应该；C. Need需要；D. Would将要。此处和下一句“Should the extra change received…”句式一致，故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：商店多收的零钱是应该忘记还是要退还？A. paid支付；B. remembered记住；C. contained包含；D. returned返回，归还。结合语境可知，此处是指“归还”。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：除了你，没有人知道。A. me我；B. you你；C. us我们；D. them他们。根据上文内容可知，Thomas Macaulay的话是衡量自己的方法，结合下一句“But you have to live with yourself”可知，此处指“除了你自己，没有人知道”。故选B项。
【点睛】
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Having lived and worked in several countries across three continents, Wong Yi-lok ____56____ (consider) a worldwide citizen by many of his friends. ____57____, despite his many years abroad, Wong believes one must know where he or she comes from. A co-founder of three educational startups, Wong has a strong desire ____58____ (contribute) to the advancement of online education in his country. He hopes to expand the worldview of young people so that they might have better ____59____ (opportunity).
Last year, Wong hosted more than 100 hours of ____60____ (globe) online meetings with education experts, ____61____ (include) the opening session of the Worldwide MOOC Conference on Dec. 11, attracting more than 10 million live attendees. MOOC refers to free online courses, ____62____ are made available over the Internet to a very large number of people.
Thought Wong’s parents never had the chance to go to college, they were aware of the importance of education. When ____63____ (send) to study in the United Kingdom, Wong was 10 years old. ____64____ didn’t take long for him to adapt to living alone in a foreign country. All the overseas volunteer projects Wong participated in during his college days _____65_____ (strength) his determination to devote himself to the field of education.
【答案】
56. is considered
57. However
58. to contribute
59. opportunities
60. global 61. including
62. which 63. sent
64. It 64. strengthened
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了Wong Yi-lok希望为中国在线教育的发展做出贡献。
【56题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：Wong Yi-lok曾在三个大洲的几个国家生活和工作，他的许多朋友认为他是一个世界公民。分析句子结构可知，此处为句子的谓语动词。根据全文的时态和句意可知，此处陈述客观事实需要用一般过去时。主语Wong Yi-lok是单数且与谓语动词consider是被动关系。故填is considered。
【57题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，尽管他在国外多年，Wong认为一个人必须知道他或她来自哪里。根据句意可知，前文说到朋友认为Wong是一个世界公民，此处Wong认为一个人必须知道自己来自何处，所以此处存在转折关系。故填However。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Wong是三家教育初创公司的联合创始人，他强烈希望为中国在线教育的发展做出贡献。固定短语have a desire to do sth.译为“渴望做某事”。故填to contribute。
【59题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：他希望扩大年轻人的世界观，让他们有更好的机会。根据主语they可知，此处表达“给年轻人提供更好的机会”，所以要用可数名词opportunity的复数形式。故填opportunities。
【60题详解】
考查形容词。句意：去年，Wong主持了100多个小时的全球教育专家在线会议，其中包括12月11日的全球MOOC大会开幕式，吸引了1000多万现场参与者。根据空格后的名词meetings可知，此处填入形容词global作定语。故填global。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意见上一题。根据句意可知，此处表达“其中包括12月11日的全球MOOC大会开幕式”。表示“包括”，需要使用介词including。故填including。
【62题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：MOOC指的是通过互联网向大量人群提供的免费在线课程。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句。先行词free online courses是物，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【63题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：当Wong被送到英国学习时，他才10岁。在状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句有be动词时，则省去主语和be动词。所以完整的状语从句为When he was sent to study in the United Kingdom，省去主语和be动词后为When sent to study in the United Kingdom。故填sent。
【64题详解】
考查形式主语。句意：没过多久他就适应了独自在外国生活。固定句型“It take some time for sb. to do sth.”译为“花某人多少时间做某事”。在这个句型中it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。故填It。
【65题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：大学期间参加的所有海外志愿者项目都坚定了他投身教育领域的决心。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，需要将名词strength变为动词strengthen来作谓语动词。根据句中的participated in可知，句子陈述过去发生的事实，需要用一般过去时。主语All the overseas volunteer projects和谓语动词strengthen是主动关系。故填strengthened。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66.假定你是李华，近期你校举办了主题为“美丽中国”的现场国画（traditional Chinese painting）比赛。请为校报英文专栏写一篇活动报道。内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点：
2. 活动概况：
3. 活动意义。
注意：
1. 词数100左右：
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Beautiful China in Traditional Chinese Painting
Last Friday witnessed a traditional Chinese painting competition “Beautiful China” on campus, which has sparked a growing love for traditional art.
Over one hundred students participated in the competition. As the competition began, participants laid out the paper, picked up the paintbrush and gave full play to their talent, displaying the beauty of our motherland. Two hours later, the competition came to an end. The results will be announced in two days, and the winning entries will be on show in the exhibition hall.
Most of the students think highly of this live painting competition, which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.
【解析】
【分析】本文书面表达属于应用文，要求写一篇英文活动报告。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇是一篇英文活动报告：近期你校举办了主题为“美丽中国”的现场国画（traditional Chinese painting）比赛。请为校报英文专栏写一篇活动报道。内容包括：
1.活动时间、地点：2. 活动概况：3. 活动意义。
第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：traditional Chinese painting（国画）；“Beautiful China”（美丽中国）；participated in the competition.（参加比赛）；be on show in the exhibition hall.（在展览厅展览）；explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.（探索中国美丽和体验中国艺术魅力）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如： participate in，pick up，be on show等高级词汇；非限制性定语从句Last Friday witnessed a traditional Chinese painting competition “Beautiful China” on campus, which has sparked a growing love for traditional art.和Most of the students think highly of this live painting competition, which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art. 现在分词作状语As the competition began, participants laid out the paper, picked up the paintbrush and gave full play to their talent, displaying the beauty of our motherland.等高级句式。
第二节：读后续写（满分 25 分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Doing something meaningful can also gain special pleasure. When the final bell rang, the students were reminded that there was no school on Monday — the Labor Day. "Enjoy your extra day off," said the teacher to her class. An extra day of fun suited Kayla just fine. She loved breaks. She wanted to go out to play with her friends. When the school bus dropped Kayla off, she ran into the house happily.
“How was school, Kayla?” asked her mom. Kayla's mom with a laugh.
Kayla slept in the next morning. Saturday was her favorite day of the week. It rains most of the day, so Kayla enjoyed playing video games inside. On Sunday, her friends came over and they played basketball of several hours.
Then it was Labor Day, you know, the extra day off that Kayla was so looking forward to. But Kayla was awakened early that morning by her dad. He told Kayla that in honor of Labor Day, the family would be cleaning both inside and outside the house. Kayla couldn't believe it. This was a holiday. A day when she was supposed to be enjoying freshly squeezed lemonade while playing in her tree house. As Kayla wiped her eyes she began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.
"Kayla, your breakfast is ready. We have a lot of work to do today. Let's get a move on," said Kayla's mom. As she sat down at the kitchen table, Kayla asked her parents.
“Are you serious about working today? Isn't Labor Day a holiday?"
"Yes, Kayla. It is," replied her dad. "But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you appreciate why Labor Day was observed in the first place."
Paragraph 1:
At first, Kayla felt disappointed at her parents' plan for the holiday
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
But things began to change as she was doing the chores
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph1：
At first, Kayla felt disappointed at her parents’plan for the holiday. How eagerly she wanted to go to out to play with her friends! She was against the annoying plan from the bottom of her heart, but she had no choice. First, Kayla was arranged to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, she was asked to give their puppy a bath. She knew it was a hard task, which needed a lot of tiring, careful and patient work. She has begun the work with great unwillingness.
Paragraph 2：
But things began to change as she was doing the chores. Brushing the puppy, she found it was a lot of fun with so many soap bubbles. Then it was on to yard work where Kayla helped to pick up sticks. She pretended the small sticks were basketballs, and shot them into a large trash can. So the work was done with great pleasure. Kayla felt proud to see how much better the yard looked. When she finished her meaningful chores, Kayla enjoyed relaxing in her tree house. The lemonade tasted wonderful after a hard day of work.
【解析】
【分析】本文以时间发展为线索展开，主要记叙了本来以为劳动节放假可以休息的Kayla，早上被爸爸吵醒，告诉她为了庆祝劳动节，全家会打扫屋子内外。Kayla不明白，父亲告诉她这么做是为了让她明白劳动节的由来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一开始，Kayla对父母的假期计划感到失望。”可知，后文应该是讲述Kayla内心对这个计划的看法，她虽然反对，但是也别无选择。讲述了Kayla做家务的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“但随着她开始做家务，情况开始发生变化。”可知，第二段可描写Kayla在做家务过程中的感受，她发现了做家务的乐趣，觉得做家务有意义。
2.续写线索：
感到失望——内心感受——做家务的过程——态度转变——发现乐趣——享受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①打算：plan/intend to do/manage to do
②洗澡：take a bath/have a bath
③开始做：start/begin to do/set about
④享受：enjoy/appreciate
情绪类
①渴望：be eager /anxious/to do
②讨厌的：tiresome/boring
③骄傲的：be proud of/take pride in
【点睛】[高分句型1]
How eagerly she wanted to go to out to play with her friends!（运用了感叹句）
[高分句型2]
When she finished her meaningful chores, Kayla enjoyed relaxing in her tree house.（运用了时间状语从句）
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