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【备战2023高考】英语全复习——第16讲《完形填空记叙文(20空)》讲义(全国通用)
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第16讲 完形填空记叙文(20空)(讲)
【考纲考情】
记叙文是高考完形填空中出现频率最高的一类文体。该体裁以记人、叙事为主;多以人物思想和行为为中心;以时间或空间的变化为线索,按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述;时态上多以一般过去时为主,其他时态为辅;在词性上仍会以实词为主,其中动词会占半壁江山,虚词几乎不会考查,并且完形填空题注重对文章语境的理解;适当会有间接引语。选材上会源于真实生活,平淡叙述中流露人间真情,体现理性思维,人文情怀、参与社会的人文素养。难易上,句内层次题(答案由设空所在句子决定,多凭语感可知答案)和句组层次题(答案由设空临近句子决定,需前后寻找信息或暗示)较容易且所占比重较大,语篇层次题(答案由整篇文章的内涵决定,需统揽全局)考查较少但难度较大。
【考点梳理】
针对高考叙述性的完形填空题,解答技巧如下:
1. 抓住文章中心。
中心思想是文章的灵魂和统帅,其他的写作要素都紧紧围绕这一中心进行。抓住中心有助于明确做题方向,提高针对性。
2. 明确叙述角度。
通常记叙文有两大叙述角度:第一人称和第三人称。第一人称就是从“自我参与”的角度进行叙述,从字里行间读出作者对人物、事件或景色的情感态度。第三人称就是从“旁观者”的角度客观地记人、叙事、状物。在做题时可采用“角色渗透法”,即假设自己就是文中的角色会有什么感受、做出怎样的选择等,这样有助于走进作者的思维,深入理解文章的含义。
3. 理清写作顺序。
根据写作的需要作者往往采用顺叙、倒叙或插叙等方法进行叙述。理清这些线索有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉,从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。
4. 明确写作要素。
包括事情发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、事件的内容(what)、人物(who)、原因(why)等。弄清了这些要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主体,理解了整篇文章。
5. 洞悉写作目的。
就事论事绝不是记叙文的最终目的,而最终目的是借助叙事来阐明一个道理,给人以启迪或教益。因此,只有在分析具体情节的基础上认真体会文字背后的东西,才能洞悉作者的写作目的,抓住文章的主题。
解答完形填空题需具备“题文齐读”的技能,也即是一边读文,一边用眼睛的余光扫一下题目。这项技能要求较高,运用此法要保证注意力高度集中,要具备较强的聚合思维。在平时的训练中要多尝试应用才能默化成规,内化于心。通常,在具体的解题中,需掌握以下解题方法:
1.利用语义复现解题
语义复现不仅是同一个词,同义词、反义词、近义词都可能成为这类题目的解题关键点,但是这些词可能隐藏得比较深。上下文之间可能互相暗示答案,但有时上下文相隔较远,因此要注意寻找。
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)It was signed (签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 51.researched it, he only found “Bonnard,” a French 52.painter he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 53.surprised to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54.garden as his father's painting.
... They 57 the other painting and learned that it was ...
A.collected B.cleaned
C.framed D.studied
【答案】D
【解析】collect “收集”;clean “打扫”;frame “制定”;study “研究”。根据上文的“but when he 51 it”可知,此处用“研究”符合语境,research和study是同义词复现。
故选:D。
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)But that 45.changed when a system of hightech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents (居民) of Rjukan 47.received their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48.use. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49.directs them to turn along with the sun ...
A.computers B.telescopes
C.mirrors D.cameras
【答案】C
【解析】根据下文中的“The mirrors are controlled ...”可知,此处应填mirrors(镜子)。
故选:C。
2.利用习惯搭配或固定结构解题
完形填空中经常会考查一些习惯搭配或固定结构,此类试题相对容易,平时注意积累总结是关键。
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)His son, age 15, who had 49 an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 50.unusual about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.
A.missed B.failed
C.taken D.led
【答案】C
【解析】句意:他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课,他认为那幅有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。固定短语take classes “上课”。
故选:C。
3.利用逻辑关系解题
此种方法是通过分析设空前后文的逻辑关系来确定答案,主要应用于完形填空的两类题型:一是考查连词和起连词作用的短语;二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。无论是句内层次题还是句组层次题,利用逻辑关系去解答都是一种重要的方法。
(2021·天津高考3月)In addition to 31.practical skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. 32 , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
A.Otherwise B.However
C.Somehow D.Meanwhile
【答案】D
【解析】句意:同时,孩子们也有了一种成就感。otherwise “否则”;however “然而”;somehow “不知怎么”;meanwhile “同时”。根据前后文逻辑关系可知,孩子们通过参加Pruitt(普鲁伊特)的课程,学到实用技能,与获得成就感是同步的,meanwhile符合题意。
故选:D。
【题型剖析】
A
(2022·全国·高考真题)You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___1___ was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___2___. When I first dated Steve, I ___3___ he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___4___ that he was an animal lover, I ___5___ that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___6___, the cat.
The next week we ___7___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___8___, Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___9___? He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. ______10______, I began to fall for him.
We ______11______ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her ______12______. I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly ______13______ climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve ______14______ his house. All worked ______15______. The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, ______16______ Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team ______17______ for Tilly. We made good housemates.
A year later, much to my ______18______, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I ______19______ him to. That’s only for giving ______20______ to the dogs that brought us together.
1.A.ownership B.membership C.companionship D.leadership
2.A.reservations B.expectations C.confidence D.prejudice
3.A.feared B.doubted C.hoped D.learned
4.A.unsatisfied B.amused C.terrified D.thrilled
5.A.predicted B.worried C.regretted D.insisted
6.A.Flora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tilly
7.A.tied B.walked C.bathed D.fed
8.A.breath B.balance C.attention D.imagination
9.A.calm B.sure C.soon D.real
10.A.By the way B.In that case C.By all means D.In that moment
11.A.continued B.decided C.intended D.pretended
12.A.eye B.tail C.ear D.leg
13.A.secretly B.constantly C.eventually D.unwillingly
14.A.left B.sold C.suggested D.searched
15.A.late B.hard C.fine D.free
16.A.emptied B.respected C.occupied D.discovered
17.A.looking B.caring C.waiting D.calling
18.A.delight B.credit C.interest D.disadvantage
19.A.beg B.trust C.need D.aid
20.A.toys B.awards C.food D.water
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了,作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很多,作者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起,去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会,但有所保留,因为一次遛狗时史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝,作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生好感,在之后的接触中,史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者的爱犬,一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。
1.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A. ownership所有权;B. membership会员;C. companionship陪伴;D. leadership领导。由上文的“For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. (多年来,我喜欢和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知,作者多年和狗狗生活在一起,可得出狗狗陪伴着作者,让作者远离孤独。故选C项。
2.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:去年,我开始约会,但有所保留。A. reservations保留;B. expectations期望;C. confidence信心;D. prejudice偏见。由下文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里,递给我的狗)”和“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知,作者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗时,因为史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝,作者才对史蒂夫产生好感,可得出刚开始约会时,因为不熟悉史蒂夫的品行,作者还是有所保留的。故选A项。
3.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时,我得知他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫。A. feared恐惧;B. doubted怀疑;C. hoped希望;D. learned得知。由上文的“When I first dated Steve (当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时)”和常识可知,第一次约会会得知对方相关情况,作者从而得知史蒂夫有一只狗和一只猫。故选D项。
4.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者,但我担心三条狗可能太多了,我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. unsatisfied不满意的;B. amused愉快的;C. terrified害怕的;D. thrilled非常开心的。由下文的“he was an animal lover (他是一个动物爱好者)”可知,得知史蒂夫是一个动物爱好者,多年和两只爱犬生活在一起的作者应该是感到愉快高兴。故选D项。
5.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者,但我担心三条狗可能太多了,我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. predicted预测;B. worried担心;C. regretted后悔;D. insisted坚持。由下文的“three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 the cat (三条狗可能太多了,我的狗可能会攻击猫)”可知,作者认为三条狗可能太多了,且自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫,针对这种情况,作者是担忧的。故选B项。
6.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者,但我担心三条狗可能太多了,我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. Flora弗洛拉;B. Chance机会;C. Molly莫莉;D. Tilly蒂莉。选项指的是文中动物名词。由上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫)”可知,此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A项。
7.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:第二周,我们一起遛狗。A. tied系;B. walked牵着(动物)走;C. bathed沐浴;D. fed喂养。由本处的“ 7 our dogs together (一起……我们的狗)”以及下文“When we paused”可知,作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故选B项。
8.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我们停下来休息时,史蒂夫单膝跪下。A. breath呼吸;B. balance平衡;C. attention注意力;D. imagination想象。由上文的“It was a hot day. When we paused (那是一个炎热的日子。当我们停下)”可知,那天很热,遛狗的二人停下来休息一下,catch one’s breath (休息一下、歇一口气)。 故选A项。
9.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我也喜欢他,但这么快?A. calm冷静的;B. sure确定的;C. soon很快的;D real真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he proposing (求婚)? (他在求婚吗)”可知,二人才认识两周,作者以为史蒂夫要向自己求婚,认为进展太快了。故选C项。
10.D【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:就在那一刻,我开始爱上他。A. By the way顺便说一句;B. In that case那样的话;C. By all means务必;D. In that moment那一刻。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里,递给我的狗)”和下文的“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知,就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻,还有所保留的作者卸下心防,对史蒂夫产生好感。故选D项。
11.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们继续约会,虽然我们都没有提到未来。A. continued继续;B. decided决定;C. intended打算;D. pretended假装。由上文的“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知,作者对史蒂夫产生好感,可得出二人会继续约会。故选A项。
12.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:11月下旬,Tilly的腿做了一次手术。A. eye眼睛;B. tail尾巴;C. ear耳朵;D. leg腿。由下文的“I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound (我担心Tilly爬楼梯会使伤口重新裂开)”可知,作者担心爬楼会影响Tilly的伤口,可得出Tilly的腿做了手术。故选D项。
13.B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:我一天带狗出去四次,我担心Tilly不断地爬楼梯会使伤口重新裂开。A. secretly秘密地;B. constantly不断地;C. eventually最终;D. unwillingly不情愿地。由上文的“I took the dogs out four times a day (我一天带狗出去四次)”可知,作者一天带狗出去四次,可得出狗狗(包括Tilly)要不断地爬楼梯。故选B项。
14.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后史蒂夫离开了他的房子。A. left离开;B. sold卖;C. suggested建议,推荐;D. searched搜寻。由下文的“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知,二人成为室友。可以推断出来,因为害怕作者的狗爬楼梯不方便,所以建议作者搬过去一起住。故选C项。
15.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一切都很好。A. late晚的;B. hard困难的;C. fine好的;D. free自由的。由下文的“The three dogs formed a pack (这三条狗组成了一个团队)”和“Steve and I formed a good team (史蒂夫和我组成了一个好团队)”“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知,狗狗相处友好,作者和史蒂夫相处也友好,可得出一切都好。故选C项。
16.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这三条狗组成了一个团队,在训练下,尊重Flora的空间;史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. emptied清空;B. respected尊重;C. occupied占据;D. discovered发现。由上文的“my dogs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能会攻击猫)”和“The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching (这三条狗组成了一个团队,在训练下)”可知,起初作者担心自己的狗会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora,但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相处友好,可得出在训练下,狗不会去攻击猫,结合动物的领地意识可知,此处指狗尊重猫的空间。故选B项。
17.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这三条狗组成了一个团队,在训练下,尊重Flora的空间;史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. looking看;B. caring照顾;C. waiting等待;D. calling打电话。由上文的“Tilly had an operation (Tilly做了一次手术)”可知,作者的狗Tilly做过手术,史蒂夫和作者一起居住后,和作者一起照顾术后康复的Tilly。故选B项。
18.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:一年后,令我非常高兴的是,这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚。A. delight高兴;B. credit信用;C. interest兴趣;D. disadvantage缺点。由下文的“this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me (这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知,史蒂夫向作者求婚,作者应该是感到高兴。故选A项。
19.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他没有跪下,我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求;B. trust信任;C. need需要;D. aid帮助。由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他没有跪下)”和常识可知,一般求婚是要下跪的,但史蒂夫没有下跪,作者对此并不在意,因为作者不需要他下跪。故选C项。
20.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. toys玩具;B. awards奖励;C. food食物;D. water水。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 10 , I began to fall for him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里,递给我的狗。我开始爱上他)”可知,就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻,还有所保留的作者卸下心防,对史蒂夫产生好感,所以是“给爱犬喝水”的举动让二人走到了一起。故选D项。
B
(2022·浙江·高考真题)When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy four last year, she started having problems with her ___21___ , notably dryness and discomfort.
"I was simply ___22___ a terrible experience, " Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. "I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my ___23___ was affected. "
Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had ___24___ problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in ___25___. " Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so ___26___ she said. " But more and more are suffering and lives are being ___27___.
Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research, ___28___ at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team ___29___ Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done_____30_____ work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising _____31_____ for the project with a friend, Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman. _____32_____ she has raised $ 110, 000 with another $40, 000 _____33_____ .
"I'm trying to get more and more people to _____34_____ that there are solutions(解决办法)said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after _____35_____ . "I say there is no old _____36_____ , there's only neglect (忽视). Don't stand _____37_____ , do something about it. "
Ms. Burdeyney _____38_____ that she is hoping to do more for the research project. "I just want to bring _____39_____ into people eyes and this is just the _____40_____. There is still a long way to go"
21.A.throat B.skin C.lungs D.eyes
22.A.getting over B.going through C.holding on D.passing down
23.A.story B.treatment C.life D.relationship
24.A.similar B.various C.personal D.special
25.A.turn B.peace C.vain D.silence
26.A.unbearable B.abnormal C.insignificant D.disturbing
27.A.compromised B.forgotten C.substituted D.separated
28.A.course B.program C.paper D.conference
29.A.informed B.doubted C.included D.dismissed
30.A.part-time B.controversial C.voluntary D.ground-breaking
31.A.money B.standards C.awareness D.questions
32.A.As ever B.So far C.In return D.Once again
33.A.wasted B.donated C.expected D.earned
34.A.imagine B.confirm C.remember D.understand
35.A.retirement B.childbirth C.graduation D.marriage
36.A.time B.rule C.age D.tale
37.A.straight B.still C.firm D.alone
38.A.commented B.learned C.reminded D.added
39.A.light B.joy C.color D.beauty
40.A.future B.beginning C.truth D.meaning
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个遭受眼睛问题之苦的Burdeyney女士积极为研究项目提供帮助以寻求解决方法的故事。
21.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:她开始有眼睛问题,明显的干涩和不适。A. throat喉咙;B. skin皮肤;C. lungs肺;D. eyes眼睛。根据第八空前面的句子“Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research”(最终Burdeyney女士了解了一项眼睛研究计划)可知,她有眼睛问题,故选D项。
22.B【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:我只是在经历一段糟糕的体验。A. get over克服;B. go through经历;C. hold on坚持;D. pass down传递下去。根据语境可知,她遭受眼睛问题,这是一段糟糕的经历,故选B项。
23.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我感到如此无助和不安,因为我的生活质量受到了影响。A. story故事;B. treatment治疗,对待;C. life生命,生活;D. relationship关系。主人公遭受眼部之苦,生活质量自然会被影响,故选C项。
24.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Burdeyney女士同跟她有相似问题的朋友交谈并发现他们中的大多数都在默默地受苦。A. similar相似的;B. various多种多样的;C. personal私人的;D. special特别的。跟与自己有相同问题的人交谈并发现问题,符合语境逻辑,故选A项。
25.D【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:Burdeyney女士同跟她有相似问题的朋友交谈并发现他们中的大多数都在默默地受苦。A. in turn轮流;B. in peace和平地;C. in vain徒劳地;D. in silence默默地。根据后句“Nobody chooses to talk about it”(没有人想谈论它)可知,他们很多人保持了沉默,故选D项。
26.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她说没有人选择谈论它因为这看起来没有意义。A. unbearable无法忍受的;B. abnormal不正常的;C. insignificant无意义的;D. disturbing扰人的。他们闭口不提的原因很可能是因为无意义,其他三个选项不符合一般逻辑,故选C项。
27.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是越来越多的人在受苦,生命陷入危险。A. compromise使陷入危险、妥协;B. forget遗忘;C. substitute替代、代替;D. separate分隔。越来越多的人在遭受眼睛问题带来的痛苦,这属于健康问题,威胁生命,故选A项。
28.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:最终Burdeyney女士了解了一项眼睛研究计划,这是在以色列特拉维夫大学的一个项目。A. course课程;B. program项目;C. paper纸、论文;D. conference会议。一项研究通常也被称为一个项目,故选B项。
29.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这个研究团队包括了一位加拿大博士Allan Slomovic,其已经用干细胞就眼睛护理问题做了开创性的工作。A. inform通知;B. doubt怀疑;C. include包括;D. dismiss解散。根据语境可知,这位专家在这个团队中,故选C项。
30.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这个研究团队包括了一位加拿大博士Allan Slomovic,其已经用干细胞就眼睛护理问题做了开创性的工作。A. part-time兼职的;B. controversial有争议的;C. voluntary自愿的;D. ground-breaking开创性的。根据后句“Seeing a ray od hope”(看到了一丝希望)可知,他是带来希望的人,是最先做的,他的工作具有开创性,故选D项。
31.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:看到了一丝希望,Burdeyney女士开始和朋友多伦多商人Meryer一起为这个项目筹集资金。A. money钱;B. standards标准;C. awareness意识;D. questions问题。根据后文他们筹集了111000美金可知此处指“筹集资金”,故选A项。
32.B【解析】考查短语词义辨析。句意:截至目前,他们已经筹集了111000美金,有望再增加4000美金。A. as ever依旧、和往常一样;B. so far目前;C. in return作为回报;D. once again再一次。根据本句的现在完成时态,应选择so far,他们已经筹集了111000美金,故选B项。
33.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:截至目前,他们已经筹集了111000美金,有望再增加4000美金。A. waste浪费;B. donate捐赠;C. expect期待、预期;D. earn赢得。根据语境目前已经筹集了一笔钱,预期未来还有部分金额,故选C项。
34.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:Burdeyney说,“我正在努力让越来越多的人明白有解决办法”。A. imagine想象;B. confirm确认;C. remember记得;D. understand理解。结合前文很多人默默地受苦是因为看不到希望,所以要让他们理解办法是有的,故选D项。
35.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:一位受过专业培训的护士在退休之后仍然作为私人培训师在工作。A. retirement退休;B. childbirth出生;C. graduation毕业;D. marriage婚姻。根据still work可知,她本可以不工作了可知,她已经退休了,故选A项。
36.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我认为没有老的年纪,只有忽视。A. time时间;B. rule规则;C. age年龄;D. tale传说。本文主要谈论的是上了年龄的人的眼睛问题,故选C项。
37.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:不要呆着保持不动,做点什么事情。A. straight直的;B. still静止的;C. firm坚定的;D. alone单独。此处的stand意为“处于某种状态”后跟形容词作表语,呼吁人们采取行动,不要什么都不做,故选B项。
38.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:Burdeyney补充说她希望为这个项目做得更多。A. comment评论;B. learn学习;C. remind提醒;D. add补充说。前句为她说的话,后面又继续说,即为补充说,故选D项。
39.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我只是想给人们的眼睛带来光明,这只是一个开始。A. light光明;B. joy乐趣;C. color颜色;D. beauty美。根据常识,眼睛是人们识别光的器官,此处一语双关,只看到的光,也指希望,故选A项。
40.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我只是想给人们的眼睛带来光明,这只是一个开始。A. future未来;B. beginning开始;C. truth事实;D. meaning意义。根据后句“There is still a long way to go”(根据后句话有很长的路要走。)可知,只是开始,故选B项。
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