【备战2023高考】英语全复习——专题06：倒装句 -精讲精练（上海用）

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►专题06 倒装句用法梳理+高考题型组合练
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考点精讲







【考情链接】
特殊句式是英语高考常考点之一。在高考中主要考查点有:倒装句、强调句、省略句、反意疑问句、祈使句的甄别和感叹句(how 和 what 引导的感叹句)等。特殊句式的考查常出现在高考试题中的语法填空、
句子翻译和书面表达中。倒装句分为：完全倒装句；部分倒装句。

【要点梳理】
种类
倒装条件
例句
完全倒装
here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away等副词开头的句子表示强调
Here comes the old lady!
Out rushed the children.
表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首
Under the tree stood two tables and four chairs.
On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.
强调表语，置于句首，或为保持句子平衡
Present at the meeting were 1,000 students.
部分倒装
not, little, few, never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, not until, in no way, at no time; under no circumstances等表示否定意义的副词放于句首
Little does he care about what I said.
Hardly did I know what had happened.
Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time.
only修饰的状语放于句首
Only then did he realize the importance of English.
Only when the meeting was over was he able to go back to meet his friend.
Not only…but also......; hardly...when....;
no sooner....than......连接并列的句子，前倒后不倒
Not only does he know French, but also he is expert at it.
neither…nor…连接并列的句子，前后都倒装
Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.
so…that, such…that中的so或such及修饰的成分放于句首时前倒后不倒
So busy is he that he can not go on a holiday.
as引导的让步状语
Tired as he was, he kept on running.
Child as he is, he has learned a lot.
so, neither或nor前句内容也适用于另外的人或事。
He can play the piano. So can I.
省略if的虚拟条件句
Were I you, I would not do it in this way.

Ø 考点一：完全倒装
1. there be (lie, stand, live...)句型。there be是谓语，其后的名词是主语。
There are different forms of energy.
On the top of the mountain there stands an old temple.
Once upon a time, there lived a poor fisherman.

2、表时间、地点、方位的副词 here, there, out, in, up, down, away, now, then等开头的句子中。
Here are my replies to your question.
Then came the order to take off.
Away ran the terrified boy.
3、表地点或时间的介词短语作状语位于句首
Beyond the bushes lay the fields.
After the banquet came a display of fireworks.
4、某些表语（介词短语/形容词短语/过去分词/进行时态中的现在分词）位于句首
Near the church was an old ruined cottage.
Present at the meeting were Professor White and many other guests.
Buried in the sands was an ancient village.
Leading to the park is a long and straight road.
注意：在完全倒装中，如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如:
Here you are.
There she comes.
另：当直接引语放在句首时，要用完全倒装。例如：   
“You must be joking!”, shouted my wife.    
“He is the last man I want to see”, answered the boy.

Ø 考点二：部分倒装
1、Hardly/Barely/Scarcely...when...; No sooner...than...
Hardly had he got into the bath than the phone rang.
No sooner had she arrived in Rome than she was kidnapped.
2、Not only...but also...
Not only did he come up with a brilliant idea, but also he put it into pratice right away.
3、Not until...
Not until he was isolated from everyone did he realize how vital the interaction with others was.
4、Only+副词/介词短语/状语从句...
Only then did I realize the importance of math. (副词)
Only by this means is it possible to explain it. (介词短语)
Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. (从句)
5、某些否定副词位于句首: never, not, no, little, still less, least of all, seldom, rarely, barely, hardly, scarcely, nowhere, no longer
Not a word did I say to him.
Never have I found him so happy.
Little does he care about what I said.
6、某些含no的介词短语位于句首: in no way, in no case, at no time, by no means, on no account, on no condition(决不), under/in no circumstances (在任何情况下都不)等
Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the others.
7、So/Such...that...
So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. 
Such an aggressive child is he that he has made much achievements.
8、状语从句中as/though
Exhausted as/ though she was, she wasn't able to sleep.
Child as he is, he knows much about the world.
Carefully as he did his homework, he still made many mistakes.
Fail as he did, he didn’t give up.
9、so/nor/neither开头的句子，也可写成 it is the same with...或者so it is with ...
—He has been to Canada. 
—So have I. 我也是。
—So he has. 他确实去了。
—I was a teacher but I want to be a doctor now.
—So it is with my friend. 
10、省略了if的虚拟条件句。
Had I been informed earlier, I could have done something.
= If I had been informed earlier, I could have done something.
Should anyone call, tell him to wait for me here.
= If anyone should call, tell him to wait for me here.
Were I not engaged in my present work, I would be quite willing to do what you ask me to.
= If I were not engaged in my present work, I would be quite willing to do what you ask me to.
11、however与no matter how引导的让步状语从句：
However great the difficulty may be, we won’t lose heart.
12、the more...the more...句型：
The farther away a thing is, the smaller it looks.
13、用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。
May you succeed!
Long live the People’s Republic of China! = May the People’s Republic of China (should) live long.

_____
重点小练







一． 单选题 (倒装句)

1. It was announced that only when the fire under control __________ to return their homes.【2019市西期中】
A.that the residents would be permitted B. had the residents been permitted
C.would the residents be permitted D. that the residents were permitted
2. Beneath our feet __________ that our life depends on foods and clothing.【2019市西期中】
A. the earth lay B. the earth lies C. lies the earth D. does the earth lie
3. __________ that their marriage broke up in the end.【2019奉贤期中】
A. So often did the couple quarrel B. So often does the couple quarrel
C. So often quarrelled the couple D. So often quarrels the couple
4. Only when he apologizes for his rudeness __________ to him again. 【2019南模期中】
A. I will speak B. I speak C. do I speak D. will I speak
5. Down __________ and hurt his leg.【2019南模期中】
A. fell the boy B. fell he C. did he fall D. did the boy fell
6. So fast __________ that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.【2019川中期末】
A. light travels B. travels light C. does light travel D. has light travelled
7. Never __________ such a wonderful place as Hangzhou.【2020莘庄期中】
A. are seeing B. had I seen C. I have seen D. have I seen
8. __________, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. 【2020复旦附中期中】
A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be
C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student
9. __________, the dancers practice hard to make their dreams come true.【2020复旦附中期中】
A. Being disabled as they B. Although disabled they are
C. Disabled though they are D. As they are disabled
10. Along the campus ring road in our school __________ many gingko trees.【2018建平期中】
A. stands B. are standing C. is standing D. stand

二． 语法填空 (倒装句)
1. She hasn't read it and ________ have I.
2．________ you come yesterday, you would have seen him.
3．Not only ________ he come, but also he brought us good news.
4．Hard ________ he was working, he didn't pass the exam.
5．By the window ________(sit) a young man with a magazine in his hand.
6．Once upon a time there ________(live) a man known by the name of Beef.
7．Not until the rain stopped ________ he leave the room.
8．Down ________(come) the rain and up went the umbrellas.
9．So fast ________ light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.
10．________ he here, we would have no difficulty with it.
11. Over the Huangpu River _______ (build) four grand bridges in Shanghai so far.
12. __________ __________ their private photos appeared on foreign magazines were the royal couple aware that they had been tracked by paparazzi (狗仔队).
13. Mere words cannot match the depths of our sorrow, __________ can they heal our wounded hearts.
14. __________ did he mention even a word concerning these important matters.
15. __________ loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.
16. __________ did she care about her own safety, though she herself was in great danger.
17. Disabled __________ he was, Liu Wei achieved the goal many normal people couldn’t accomplish.
18. _____ _____ the man in black took off his dark glasses did I realize that he was the famous film star.
19. -- How was the television debate last night? -- Super! _________did a debate attract so much media attention.
20. __________ will John shave his beard（胡子）if his school team fails to achieve a 50%+ win rate.
21. _________ _______ 2012 was the Nobel Prize in literature awarded to a Chinese writer for the first time.
22. Disabled __________ he was, Liu Wei achieved the goal many normal people couldn’t accomplish.
23. Who was it ___________ was seated beside Miss Smith, talking excitedly all the time?
24. --It rained heavily yesterday. Did you get wet?
-- Quite lucky, __________ __________ had I got on the train than it poured down.
25. I've tried very hard to improve my English, but __________ __________ __________ is the teacher satisfied with my progress.

三、 倒装句翻译
1. 只有通过努力我们才能成功。(Only…)
2. 我们的祖国从来没有像今天这样强大。(Never)
3. 直到那时我才意识到我犯了一个多么严重的错误。(Not until…)
4. 尽管他还是个孩子,他却承担起了养家的责任。(as)
5 . 这小孩太调皮，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱。(So …)
_____
好题必测





一、填空题
1. After the wars, the Indians were driven to the west of the country. Not until 1924 __________ they gain the right to vote.【2019奉贤期中】
2. Much __________ the golden ball cactus prefers the sun, it tolerates temperatures of below zero degrees centigrade.【2018华师大一附中期中】
3. Rarely __________ I need to prepare family dinner every day.【2018春考】
4. Not only __________ the writers speak with people who study culture and group behavior, but also they talked with animals experts like zookeepers.【2017春考】
5. In the US, only when someone sits in the driver’s seat __________ driverless cars allowed on roads in certain states.【2015奉贤二模】
6. You do not control when he sets off on his adventures, __________ can you be sure that your hard work will land you a coveted (梦寐以求的) postcard.【2018金山二模】
7. A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53%) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46%) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime __________ we eating together, 74%, according to statistics from the report. 【2020闵行一模】
8. But those numbers, impressive __________ they seem, may be beside the point. 【2020长宁二模】

二、翻译
1. 只有与世界其他国家互相合作，我们才能在这场战斗中取得胜利。(Only)【2020金山期中】
2. 这个小镇我几乎认不出了，真是沧海桑田！(Hardly…)【2018建平期末】
3. 上周我忙于排练剧院魅影以至于错过了与朋友的约会，这使我朋友大失所望。(So)【2018交大附中期末】
4. 直到我开始工作我才意识到已经浪费了很多时间。(Not until)【2018华师大一附中期中】
5. 她不但去过东京，还在那里的一家公司做了一段时间的秘书。(Not only)【2019川中期末】
6. 让我的父母非常满意的是，从这个公寓的餐厅可以俯视街对面的世纪公园，从起居室也可以。(so)
【2019年1月上海春考】

1. 我做梦也没有想到会在这次化学竞赛中获一等奖。( Little…)
2. 他在那个偏远小镇过着如此宁静的生活以至于他都不想返回家乡了。（Such）
3. 昨晚我忙于撰写一份择业报告以至于误了与朋友的约会，这使我朋友大失所望。（So）
4. 直到那位母亲确信她的儿子已安然无恙地到家，她才松了一口气。(Not until…)
5. 智能手机(smartphone)不仅让你了解世界上发生的事情，而且可以让你随时随地上网购物。(Not only)
6. 任何情况下父母都不能强迫孩子去做超出他们能力范围的事情。(circumstances)
7. 一进学校，她就意外得知有一所名校录取她了。(No sooner...)
8. 在山顶上矗立着一座纪念碑，这是为纪念那些为国家牺牲的战士而建的。(On)

_____
高考题型组合练

Section A：语法/词汇运用



语法填空
Directions: Fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.

Fear can be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart (32)______ the chance of someone feeling fear.
Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were (33)______ (likely) to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the point (34)________ the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggested that the heart is able to influence (35)_______ the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said, “Our study show for the first time that the way (36)_______ we deal with fear is different, depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.
The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr. Garfinkel said, “The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping (37)_______ when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don’t see — and guide whether we see fear.”
(38)_________ (understand) this relationship further, the scientists also used a brain scanner to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person’s feeling of fear. “So far we (39)______(find) an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear” Dr. Garfinkel said. “We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear (40)________(deal) with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety, disorders, and also for (41)________ who are suffering from serious stress disorder.”

词汇填空
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.

A.professional B. exclude C.consider D.restlessness E. incredible F.composition
G.relatively H.assumption I.distraction J.hindered K. literally
Do you ever draw? Most of us don’t, and the reason we usually leave drawing to the artists is because we’re not very good at it. Who wants to do something they’re bad at? But maybe we should rethink this ___31___, especially since drawing has so many benefits, artist or not.
We should ___32___ this idea: What if drawing was just a low-stakes thing we did because we enjoyed it and it helped us see the world better?
“We have misfiled the significance of drawing because we see it as a ___33___ skill instead of a personal capacity,” writes design historian D. B. Dowd in his book, “Stick Figures: Drawing as a Human Practice.” “This essential confusion has __34___ our understanding of drawing and kept it from being seen as a tool for learning above all else.”
Here’s an example: You might enjoy eating at a restaurant that boasts an ___35___ chef, and you may also enjoy a great pasta dish you make at home. One doesn’t ___36___ the other; you can appreciate a meticulously assembled meal as much as a homemade one-they’re just different. The same is true for drawing.
Sitting (or standing!) with a pad and pencil, drawing something you see or imagine requires focus and a ___37___ quiet mind, something many of us are looking to cultivate. The first few minutes into the ___38___ might be a bit frustrating and distracting, but keep going. I’ve found that once I settle into it, I get better at the actual drawing part, and it’s more enjoyable. But especially if you aren’t used to drawing, you might be itching to run away and do something-anything-else at the start. To deal with your ___39___, give yourself a time limit. Set a timer for 20 minutes; that should give you enough time to put in a genuine effort and get to the point where your mind will quiet down. You can always keep going if you want, but that timer will at the very least allow you to take your mind off outside ____40____.
Section B：完型填空



(2019上海春考)
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the work or phrase that best fits the context.
More people are travelling than ever before, and lower barriers to entry and falling costs means they are doing so for ___21___ periods.
The rise of “city breaks” --48-hour bursts of foreign cultures, easier on the pocket and annual leave balance has increased tourist numbers, but not their ___22___ spread. The same attractions have been used to market cities such as Paris, Barcelona and Venice for decades, and visitors use the same infrastructure as residents to reach them. “Too many people do the same thing at the exact same time,” says Font. “For ___23___, the city no longer belongs to them.”
This starts with marketing, says Font, who notes that Amsterdam has started advising visitors to seek ___24___ outside of the city centre on its official website. “That takes some balls, really to do that. But only so many people will look at the website, and it means they can say to their residents they’re doing all they can to ease congestion.”
But it also ___25___ a better way, it is called “detourism”: sustainable ___26___ journeys to avoid the concentrated tourist attractions and to explore the authentic Venice, off the paths beaten by the 28 million visitors who flock there each year.
A greater variety of ___27___ for prospective visitors ------ ideas for what to do in off-peak seasons, for example, or outside of the city center ------ can have the effect of switching them from already crowed landmarks, or ___28___ short breaks away in the first place. Longer stays ___29___ the pressure, says Font. If you go to Paris for two days, you’re going to go to the Eiffel Tower. “If you go for two weeks, you’re not going to go to the Eiffel Tower 14 times.”
Similarly, repeat visitors have a better sense of the _____30_____, “We should be asking how we get tourists to _____31_____, not how to get them to come for the first time. If they’re coming for the fifth time, it is much easier to integrate their behavior with ours.”
Local governments can foster this sustainable activity by giving preference to responsible operator and even high-paying consumers. Font says cities could stand to be more selective about the tourists they try to attract when the current metric for marketing success is how many there are, and how far they’ve come. “You’re thinking, ‘yeah but at what cost...’.”
He points to unpublished data from the Barcelona Tourist Board that prioritizes Japanese tourists for spending an average of €40 more per day than French tourist as a(n) _____32_____ that fails to take into account their bigger carbon footprint. _____33_____ tourists are also more likely to be repeat visitors that come at off-peak times, buy local produce, and _____34_____ to less crowded parts of the city ------ all productive steps towards more _____35_____ tourism, and more peaceful relations with residents.
21. A. longer B. shorter C. wider D. clearer
22. A. environmental B. national C. economic D. geographic
23. A. locals B. tourists C. visitors D. cleaners
24. A. transports B. accommodation C. restaurants D. service
25. A. addresses B. paves C. proposes D. receives
26. A. separate B. individual C. alternative D. objective
27. A. reform B. guidance C. invitation D. support
28. A. convincing B. discouraging C. preventing D. resisting
29. A. pace B. escape C. withstand D. ease
30. A. culture B. knowledge C. entertainment D. ability
31. A. take over B. bring up C. come back D. lay off
32. A. distinction B. harmony C. association D. comparison
33. A. French B. Italian C. Spanish D. German
34. A. carry out B. give into C. spread out D. impact on
35. A. slight B. complex C. temporary D. sustainable

Section C：说明文阅读



If a woman has an extra piece of cake, don’t blame it on greed, blame it on her brain.
Scientists have found that women’s brains react to food very differently—and much more strongly—than men’s. Academics found that decades of dieting pressure on women and advertising have programmed certain parts of the female brain to react strongly when faced with any kind of food. Men, on the other hand, are not usually as obsessive about what they eat.
Dr. Rudolf Uher and his colleagues at the Institute of Psychiatry in King’s College London used brain scanning technology, known as functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI), to look at the brains of eighteen men and women.
The volunteers were given images of food to look at, as well as food to taste. Their brain reactions were observed by the scientists.They found that the female brains reacted much more strongly than those of males.
The same reaction did not happen when they were shown non-food images. The team believe this means women think more about food than men tend to do.
Dr. Uher said, “This could be related to biological differences between men and women. But the more likely explanation is that women have a more complicated reaction to food because of social pressure.
Professor Carey Cooper, psychology and health professor at Lancaster University, said, “For centuries women have had a providing role — preparing and cooking food for their families. And it is part of that rule to make sure the food is safe. They will therefore be much more sensitive to food than men are, and I would not be surprised if that was now built into their DNA. If the female brain reacts to food because it historically has developed neural pathways to do this, then food will be the way they express their stress. Food actually, is a comfort for women.”
But other experts have said that more research must be done before the results can be proved. American scientist Angelo del Parigi of the John B. Pierce Laboratory in New Haven, Connecticut, said, “Looking at an FMRI alone cannot make sure whether the stronger reaction in women is due to innate (天生的) differences or a learned process.
1. Dr.Uher and his colleagues carried out the research by comparing ____
A. FMRI’s effectiveness on women and men
B. volunteers’ reaction to different kinds of food
C. volunteers’ reaction to food before and after meals
D. women’s and men’s reaction to different images of food
2. In Dr. Uher’s opinion, women react more strongly to food than men most probably because they are ____　.
A. told to do so for a long time
B. influenced by advertisements
C. forced by powerful social influences
D. born to do so due to biological reasons
3. According to Professor Carey Cooper, women _______.
A. turn to food when they feel sad
B. are stressed because of food safety
C. accept their social role from the heart
D. are satisfied with preparing food for their families
4. What was Angelo del Parigi’s attitude towards the research results?
A. Surprised. B. Uninterested. C. Doubtful. D. Curious.

Section D：六选四阅读



Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Is Multitasking Always Good?
Not only do smart-phones provide unrestricted access to information, they provide perfect opportunities to multitask. Any activity can be accompanied by music, selfies or social media updates. Of course, some people pick poor times to tweet or text, and lawmakers have steeped in. ___47___ In Honolulu, it’s illegal to text or even look at your phone while crossing the street, and in the Netherlands they’ve banned texting while biking.
___48___ You need to self-regulate. Understanding how the brain multitasks and why we find multitasking so appealing will help you realize the danger or pulling out your phone.
Multitasking feels like doing two things at the same time, so it seems the danger lies in asking one mental process to do two unrelated things -- for texting drivers, watching the screen and the road.
Twenty states have instituted bans on driving using a hand - held phone while still allowing hands - free calls. Yet hands - free or hand - held makes no difference. ___49___ The real problem is the switch of attention between the conversation and road, and that affects performance.
Please sense this, and when on the phone they drive slower and increase their following distance, but they are far too confident that these measures reduce risks. This overconfidence extends to other activities. A 2015 survey showed that a majority of students who use social media, text or watch TV while studying think that they can still comprehend the material they’re studying.
People multitask merely because they see no harm in it; they see benefits. ____50____ Most people will still choose to multitask. But they should, at the very least , be fully aware of how that choice affects them and the potential consequences for themselves and others. They need to pay attention to how much -- or how little -- they are paying attention.
A. But legislation（法律）won’t ban all situations in which multitasking is unwise.
B. They multitask for efficiency, to fight boredom or to keep up with social media.
C. Forty - eight states have banned texting while driving.
D. However, texting while biking seems so undemanding as to be harmless.
E. They damage driving equivalently as far as external dangers go.
F. Instead of multitasking, they take more rest breaks and get a social media fix during a break.
Section E：概要写作



Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS. Use your own words as far as possible.
The lost art of listening
Do you think you’re a good listener? Chances are that you do. But studies show that most people seriously overestimate their ability to listen. The truth is we are generally not good at listening, and our listening comprehension declines as we age.
This was proven by Dr. Ralph Nichols, who conducted a simple experiment to test students’ listening skills. He had some Minnesota teachers stop what they were doing mid-class, and then asked students to describe what their teachers had been talking about. While older kids with more developed brains, are usually assumed to be better listeners, the results, however, showed otherwise: While 90 percent of first-and second-graders gave correct responses, this percentage dropped rapidly as the students got older.
One reason for our poor listening concerns the speed at which we think. The adult brain can process up to around 400 words per minute, more than three times faster than the speed an average person speaks. This means we can easily think about something else while someone is talking to us, allowing our mind to wander or get sidetracked. The younger students in Dr. Nichols’s experiment were better listeners partly because their brains were less developed — they lacked the extra brain power to be distracted.
Another factor that contributes to our poor listening is our ever-decreasing attention span. According to a Mircrosoft study, the age of smartphones has had a negative impact here. In 2000 — around the time the mobile revolution began — the average human attention span was 12 seconds; by 2013, it had fallen to 8 seconds. Even a goldfish — with an average attention span of 9 seconds — can hold a thought for longer!
More and more people now realize that listening is a skill that can be developed through practice. Learning to observe a speaker’s body language and emotions, for example, can improve our active listening. Even the simple act of note-taking or making eye contact can help us stay focused while listening.